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Showing 4151 - 4200Adding First-Line Pertuzumab to Trastuzumab Plus Aromatase Inhibitor in Advanced Breast Cancer
In the phase II PERTAIN trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Rimawi et al found that adding pertuzumab to trastuzumab plus an aromatase inhibitor improved progression-free survival in patients with advanced HER2-positive, hormone receptor–positive breast cancer. Study Details ...
Immunotherapy Combination in Melanoma Brain Metastases
In the phase II CheckMate 204 study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Tawbi et al found that combined nivolumab (Opdivo) and ipilimumab (Yervoy) produced a high rate of intracranial clinical benefit in patients with melanoma brain metastases. Study Details The study included 94...
Quality Improvement Initiative for Documenting Goals of Care for Patients With Advanced Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Karim et al found that a quality improvement initiative at a single cancer center improved documentation of goals-of-care discussions and referral to palliative care for patients with advanced cancer. Study Details In the study,...
Hypofractionated Dose-Escalated IMRT vs Conventionally Fractionated IMRT in Localized Prostate Cancer
In a long-term follow-up of a phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Hoffman et al found that dose-escalated moderately hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiation therapy (HIMRT) improved disease control and reduced treatment duration vs conventionally fractionated IMRT...
Immunotherapy in Advanced Esophagogastric Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Janjigian et al, the phase I/II CheckMate-032 study has shown activity of nivolumab (Opdivo) and nivolumab plus ipilimumab (Yervoy) in advanced esophagogastric cancer. In the esophagogastric cohort of the multicohort study, 160 patients (who...
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement on Screening for Cervical Cancer
As reported in JAMA, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) has updated its 2012 recommendations on screening for cervical cancer. Key Recommendations The key USPSTF recommendations on screening are as follows: The USPSTF recommends screening for cervical cancer every 3 years with...
ctDNA and Treatment Outcome in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Kurtz et al found that baseline circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and molecular response to treatment were independent predictors of treatment outcome in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Study Details The association of ctDNA with treatment...
Baseline Steroids and Efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors in NSCLC
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Arbour et al found that baseline treatment with corticosteroids was associated with poorer efficacy of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) or programmed death cell ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors in patients with non–small cell lung...
Association of Immunologic Markers With Survival in Upfront Resectable Pancreatic Cancer
In a research letter published in JAMA Surgery, Tang et al found that higher levels of intratumoral CD3-positive T cells and postoperative circulating monocyte counts were associated with improved survival in patients with upfront resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. The prospective cohort ...
EMBRACA Trial Compares Talazoparib vs Standard Therapy in Advanced Breast Cancer With a Germline BRCA Mutation
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Litton et al, the phase III EMBRACA trial has shown significantly improved progression-free survival with the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor talazoparib vs physician choice of standard single-agent therapy in patients with advanced...
Dutch Quality-of-Life Study With One- vs Two-Stage Breast Reconstruction in Skin-Sparing Mastectomy
In a Dutch study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Negenborn et al found no differences in quality of life (QOL) between women receiving one-stage implant-based breast reconstruction (IBBR) with an acellular dermal matrix (ADM) vs standard two-stage IBBR. A previously reported safety analysis from...
Mogamulizumab vs Vorinostat in Previously Treated Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma
As reported by Kim and colleagues in The Lancet Oncology, the phase III MAVORIC trial showed that the anti-C-C chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) monoclonal antibody mogamulizumab (Poteligeo) significantly improved progression-free survival vs vorinostat (Zolinza) among patients with previously treated...
NGR-hTNF Combined With Investigator Choice of Therapy in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
The phase III NGR015 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology by Vanesa Gregorc, MD, of Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, and colleagues found no benefit of adding NGR-hTNF to best investigator choice of treatment in patients with previously treated malignant pleural mesothelioma. NGR-hTNF consists of...
Survival in Male vs Female Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
In a systematic review and meta-analysis reported in The Lancet Oncology by Fabio Conforti, MD, of the Division of Medical Oncology for Melanoma & Sarcoma, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, and colleagues, a significant difference in overall survival benefit favoring male vs female...
Activity of T Cells in Metastatic Melanoma Resistant to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Treatment
In a study reported in the Annals of Oncology, Andersen et al found that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes isolated from metastatic melanoma lesions in patients with disease progression after checkpoint inhibitor therapy remain functional. Moreover, they concluded these tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes...
Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lip and Risk of Nodal Metastasis
In a study reported in JAMA Dermatology, Wang et al found that the risk of nodal metastasis was higher for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the lip with vermilion vs cutaneous location. Disease-specific and overall survival were similar for the two locations. Chrysalyne D. Schmults, MD, of the...
ERBB2/ERBB3-Mutant Colorectal Cancer
A study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute by Loree and colleagues found that ERBB2/ERBB3 mutations in colorectal cancer are associated with microsatellite instability and PIK3CA mutation. Kanwal Raghav, MD, MBBS, of the Division of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The...
Blinatumomab in Adult and Pediatric Patients With B-Cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
EARLY IN 2018, blinatumomab (Blincyto) was granted accelerated approval for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients with B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in first or second complete remission with minimal residual disease ≥ 0.1%.1,2 Supporting Efficacy Data APPROVAL WAS...
Ivosidenib for Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia
ON JULY 20, 2018, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved ivosidenib (Tibsovo) for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with a susceptible isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1) mutation, as detected by an FDA-approved test.1,2 The FDA...
MUC16 Mutation, Tumor Mutation Load, and Prognosis in Gastric Cancer
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Li et al found that MUC16 mutation was associated with increased tumor mutation load and improved prognosis in gastric cancer. The study involved analysis of genomic data from 437 gastric cancer samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA; discovery set) and...
Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer
In a Chinese phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Yang et al found that adding neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy to surgery improved survival in locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Study Details In the open-label trial, 451 patients with potentially...
Adding Sorafenib to Topotecan in Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer
In a German phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Chekerov et al found that the addition of sorafenib (Nexavar) to topotecan improved progression-free survival in women with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. Study Details In the multicenter investigator-initiated double-blind trial,...
Induction Chemotherapy Followed by Cetuximab and Radiotherapy vs Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Geoffrois et al, the European phase III GORTEC (Groupe Oncologie Radiothèrapie Tête et Cou) 2007-02 trial has shown no improvement in progression-free survival with induction chemotherapy followed by cetuximab and radiotherapy (RT) vs...
Addition of Vincristine and Irinotecan to Vincristine, Dactinomycin, and Cyclophosphamide in Pediatric Intermediate-Risk Rhabdomyosarcoma
In a phase III Children’s Oncology Group study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Hawkins et al found that substituting vincristine and irinotecan (VI) for half of vincristine, dactinomycin, and cyclophosphamide (VAC) courses did not improve event-free survival in pediatric...
Bevacizumab and Temozolomide in First Recurrence of Glioma Without 1p/19q Codeletion
In a phase II trial funded by the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer and reported in The Lancet Oncology, van den Bent et al found no evidence of a survival benefit with the addition of bevacizumab (Avastin) to temozolomide in patients with a first recurrence of World Health ...
Functional and Social Independence in Survivors of Pediatric CNS Tumors
In a report from the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Brinkman et al found that 60% of adult survivors of pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors do not achieve full functional or social independence in adult life. In the study, functional and...
Bendamustine Followed by Obinutuzumab Plus Venetoclax in Treatment-Naive and Relapsed/Refractory CLL
In a German phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Cramer et al found promising response rates with bendamustine followed by obinutuzumab (Gazyva) plus venetoclax (Venclexta) in both treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). In the trial, patients with an ...
Daratumumab in Newly Diagnosed Transplant-Ineligible Multiple Myeloma
In May 2018, daratumumab (Darzalex) was approved for use in combination with VMP (bortezomib, melphalan, and prednisone) in the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma who are ineligible for autologous stem cell transplantation.1 Supporting Efficacy Data Approval was based on...
Enzalutamide in Nonmetastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms of action, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs. On July 13, 2018, enzalutamide (Xtandi) was approved for...
Broad-Based Genomic Sequencing in Advanced NSCLC in the Community Oncology Setting
In a study reported in JAMA, Presley et al found that use of broad-based genomic sequencing vs routine testing for EGFR mutations or ALK rearrangements alone directed treatment in a minority of patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the community oncology setting and was ...
Definitive Pelvic Radiation Therapy Plus Chemotherapy and Survival in Newly Diagnosed Metastatic Cervical Cancer
In a study using National Cancer Database data reported in JAMA Oncology, Wang et al found that definitive pelvic radiation therapy plus chemotherapy was associated with improved survival vs chemotherapy alone in newly diagnosed metastatic cervical cancer. The study included data from 3,169...
Impact of Peer-Review Intervention on Radiotherapy Schedules for Palliative Treatment of Bone Metastases
In a single-center study reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Walker et al found that institution of a peer-review process resulted in shorter fractionation schedules for palliation of bone metastases, consistent with current guidelines. As stated by the authors, “Shorter...
Prognostic Model for Treatment Outcomes in BRAF V600–Mutated Metastatic Melanoma
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Hauschild et al identified baseline lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), performance status, disease burden, and gene signature as potential determinants of treatment outcomes in BRAF V600–mutant metastatic melanoma treated with BRAF and/or MEK inhibitors. Study ...
Apatinib and Oral Etoposide in Platinum-Resistant/Refractory Ovarian Cancer
In a Chinese single-center phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Lan et al found a high response rate with oral apatinib plus oral etoposide in patients with platinum-resistant or refractory ovarian cancer. Study Details The study included 35 patients with progression within 6 months...
CNS Activity of EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor in T790M-Positive Advanced NSCLC
In a planned subgroup analysis of the phase III AURA3 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Wu et al found that the third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor osimertinib (Tagrisso) produced higher central nervous system (CNS) response rates vs platinum plus pemetrexed (Alimta)...
Circulating Tumor Cells and Late Recurrence in Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Sparano et al found that a single circulating tumor cell (CTC) assessment was predictive of late recurrence in patients with hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative breast cancer. The study involved patients from a phase III trial of doxorubicin and...
ACS Nutrition and Physical Activity Guidelines for Cancer Survivors and Outcomes After Colon Cancer Diagnosis
IN A STUDY reported in JAMA Oncology, Erin L. Van Blarigan, ScD, of the University of California, San Francisco, and colleagues found that adherence to American Cancer Society (ACS) nutrition and physical activity guidelines for cancer survivors was associated with improved survival among patients ...
Encorafenib Plus Binimetinib in Unresectable or Metastatic Melanoma With BRAF Mutations
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms of action, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs. This past June, encorafenib (Braftovi) and binimetinib...
BRAF Mutations, Survival, and Recurrence in Patients With Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases
In a study reported in JAMA Surgery by Margonis and colleagues, the presence of a BRAF V600E mutation was associated with a higher risk of recurrence and poorer overall survival among patients undergoing surgical resection of liver metastases from colorectal cancer. Matthew J. Weiss, MD, of the...
CXCR4 Antagonist Plus Eribulin in HER2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer
Findings in a phase I trial reported in The Lancet Oncology by Pernas and colleagues indicate activity of the combination of the CXCR4 chemokine receptor antagonist balixafortide plus eribulin (Halaven) in previously treated HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer. The CXCR4–stromal cell-derived...
Risk of Breast Cancer After Negative Screening Mammography
A study reported in JAMA Oncology by Anne Marie McCarthy, PhD, of the Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, and colleagues identified the risk of interval breast cancer after negative screening mammography, including the risk of poor-prognosis breast cancer. The...
Osimertinib Resistance Mechanisms in EGFR T790M–Positive NSCLC
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Oxnard et al found early resistance and a number of competing resistance mechanisms in acquired osimertinib (Tagrisso) resistance associated with loss of the T790M mutation conferring resistance to prior EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment in...
Long-Term Pooled Safety Data for Palbociclib Combined With Endocrine Therapy in HR-Positive, HER2-Negative Breast Cancer
In an analysis of pooled safety data from the PALOMA trials of palbociclib (Ibrance) plus endocrine therapy in hormone receptor (HR)-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Diéras et al found no evidence of specific cumulative...
Durvalumab After Chemoradiation in Unresectable Stage III NSCLC
Early in 2018, durvalumab (Imfinzi) was approved for the treatment of unresectable stage III non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that has not progressed following concurrent platinum-based chemotherapy and radiation therapy.1,2 Supporting Efficacy Data Approval was based on a planned interim...
Information Valued by Patients in Selecting a Hospital for Cancer Surgery
In a study reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Yang et al found that most patients who had undergone surgery for cancer reported that hospital reputation would have been important to them in choosing a hospital for surgery and that they would have used a listing of best hospitals for...
BRAF V600E and Disease-Specific Mortality in Men With Papillary Thyroid Cancer
In a large-scale retrospective analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Wang et al found that male sex is a predictor of poorer disease-specific survival in BRAF V600E papillary thyroid cancer. The study involved 2,638 patients (male = 623, female = 2,015) from 11 centers in 6...
Enzalutamide Prolongs Metastasis-Free Survival in Patients With Nonmetastatic, Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
AS REPORTED in The New England Journal of Medicine by Maha Hussain, MD, of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, and colleagues, the phase III PROSPER trial has shown a 71% reduction in the risk of metastasis or death with enzalutamide (Xtandi) vs placebo in men ...
Sunitinib vs Nephrectomy Followed by Sunitinib in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
In an interim analysis of the French phase III noninferiority Carmena trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Méjean et al found that sunitinib alone was not inferior in overall survival vs nephrectomy followed by sunitinib in patients with intermediate- or poor-risk...
TGFβ Polymorphism and Radiation-Induced Fibrosis in Breast Cancer
In an analysis reported in JAMA Oncology, Grossberg et al found that a single nucleotide polymorphism (C−509T) in the transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) gene was associated with higher risk of radiation-induced fibrosis in women with early breast cancer. Study Details The...
Adjuvant Bevacizumab in High-Risk HER2-Negative Breast Cancer
In an article in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Miller et al reported final results of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group phase III E5103 trial, initiated in 2007, which showed no benefit of adding bevacizumab (Avastin) to adjuvant therapy in patients with HER2-negative, node-positive or...
