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Showing 33501 - 33550Long-Term Hormone Therapy Is Associated With Improved Survival in Women With Non‒Small Cell Lung Cancer
In women with non–small cell lung cancer, long-term hormone therapy, particularly estrogen plus progesterone, is associated with improved survival, according to the results of a retrospective study presented by Katcoff et al in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology. This finding may lead to...
FDA Approves Ethiodized Oil Injection for Imaging of Tumors in Adults With Known Hepatocellular Carcinoma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved ethiodized oil injection (Lipiodol) for selective hepatic intra-arterial use for imaging tumors in adults with known hepatocellular carcinoma. The agent received orphan drug designation for management of patients with known hepatocellular carcinoma ...
ASCO Endorses SSO/ASTRO Guideline on Margins for Breast-Conserving Surgery With Whole-Breast Irradiation in Stage I and II Invasive Breast Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Buchholz et al, ASCO has endorsed the recently published Society of Surgical Oncology (SSO) and American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) consensus guideline on margins for breast-conserving surgery with whole-breast irradiation in stage I...
Phase II Study Suggests Promise of Intermittent Chemotherapy Plus Continuous Cetuximab in Advanced KRAS Wild-Type Colorectal Cancer
In a phase II study (COIN-B) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Wasan et al examined the addition of continuous or intermittent cetuximab (Erbitux) to intermittent chemotherapy in previously untreated advanced KRAS wild-type colorectal cancer. Continuous cetuximab appeared to be associated with...
Consumptive Hypothyroidism in GIST Associated With Increased D3 Expression
In a report in The New England Journal of Medicine, Maynard et al discuss identification of consumptive hypothyroidism due to overexpression of thyroid hormone–inactivating enzyme type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase (D3) in a patient with gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) and subsequent...
Deep, Integrated Genomic Analysis Reclassifies Lower-Grade Brain Tumors
Using comprehensive genomic analysis, researchers have sorted low-grade brain tumors into three categories, one of which has the molecular hallmarks and shortened survival of glioblastoma multiforme, the most lethal of brain tumors. The findings were reported at the American Association for Cancer...
Targeted Investigational Therapy Shows Anticancer Activity in Multiple Cancer Types
The investigational, oral drug BGJ398, which blocks the activity of fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs), showed promising anticancer activity in patients with various types of cancer driven by FGFR genetic alterations, according to the results of a phase I clinical trial presented at the...
Study Identifies Frequent Cause of Breast Cancer Resistance to Investigational PI3K-Alpha Inhibitor
Loss of the tumor suppressor PTEN was a frequent cause of resistance to the investigational drug BYL719, which blocks the activity of the PI3K-alpha protein, in a small sample of women with breast cancer that progressed after initially responding to BYL719 treatment, according to results presented...
Crossover Trial Indicates Preference for Pazopanib Over Sunitinib in Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
A crossover trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Escudier et al found that patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma preferred pazopanib (Votrient) vs sunitinib (Sutent) treatment. Study Details In the double-blind study, 168 patients with no prior systemic therapy for...
Six Months Hormonal Treatment in Addition to Radiotherapy Improves Survival for Men With Localized Prostate Cancer
Men with localized prostate cancer that is at risk of growing and spreading have a lower risk of disease progression and recurrence if they are treated with radiotherapy combined with androgen-deprivation therapy, according to new research. The findings, which were presented at the 33rd Conference...
Experimental Drug Shows Promise for Treatment-Resistant Leukemia
Research in mice and human cell lines has identified an experimental compound dubbed TTT-3002 as potentially one of the most potent drugs available to block genetic mutations in cancer cells blamed for some forms of treatment-resistant leukemia. The study by Ma et al, published in Blood, found that ...
High Prediagnosis BMI Is a Predictor for Poor Outcome in Colorectal Cancer Patients, Overriding Tumor Marker Linked to Better Prognosis
A large prospective study of patients with invasive colorectal cancer has found that higher body mass index 2 years before diagnosis increased risk of all-cause mortality after diagnosis, even in patients whose tumors harbored a marker that is usually associated with better prognosis. The...
Preclinical Study Identifies Potential New Approach to Overcome Breast Cancer Resistance to HER2-Targeted Therapies
Resistance to a combination of HER2-targeted therapies, trastuzumab (Herceptin) and lapatinib (Tykerb), was associated with elevated activation of a group of proteins called fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs), which are the target of a number of drugs currently being developed, according to ...
Study Identifies Potential Predictor of Clinical Outcome in Patients With Lung Cancer Treated With MK-3475
Among patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with the investigational immune checkpoint inhibitor MK-3475, those whose tumors had high levels of the protein PD-L1 had significantly better outcomes, according to results of a phase I clinical trial presented at the American...
Investigational Bromodomain Inhibitor Shows Clinical Activity in Some Blood Cancers
The results from a phase I study of a new investigational epigenetic therapy called OTX015, a small-molecule inhibitor that blocks the activity of bromodomain and extraterminal (BET)-bromodomain proteins, is showing clinical activity in some blood cancers, including leukemia and lymphoma. The study ...
Similar Progression-Free Survival With Panitumumab vs Bevacizumab Plus Modified FOLFOX6 in Wild-Type KRAS Exon 2 Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
In a phase II trial (PEAK) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Schwartzberg et al compared the EGFR inhibitor panitumumab (Vectibix) vs the VEGF-A inhibitor bevacizumab (Avastin) combined with modified fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX6) in patients with previously...
Prognosis of HPV-Positive Head and Neck Cancer Varies According to Tumor Site
Patients with cancer of the throat and who are positive for the human papillomavirus (HPV) have a good prognosis, but until now the effect of being HPV-positive on the prognosis of tumors located elsewhere in the head and neck was unknown. A new study presented at the 33rd Conference of the...
Phase I Trial of New Antibody-Drug Conjugate Shows Promise Against All Forms of Melanoma
A small clinical study of a new investigational antibody-drug conjugate called DEDN6526A in patients with metastatic or unresectable cutaneous, mucosal, or ocular melanoma has found the drug to be safe and tolerable and demonstrated early evidence of antitumor activity. The findings were presented...
New Test Developed to Detect Men at High Risk of Prostate Cancer Recurrence
A new genetic signature to identify prostate cancer patients who are at high risk of their cancer recurring after surgery or radiotherapy has been developed by researchers in Canada, according to a study presented at the 33rd Conference of the European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology in...
I-SPY 2 Results Identify Subset of Breast Cancer Patients Most Likely to Benefit From Neratinib
Findings from the I-SPY 2 randomized phase II clinical trial for women with newly diagnosed stage II breast cancer show that a neoadjuvant regimen containing the investigational drug neratinib, a pan-HER inhibitor, and standard chemotherapy is beneficial for patients with hormone...
Investigational Drug Demonstrates Early Promise in Metastatic Breast Cancer
The novel oral drug LY2835219, an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) 4 and 6, showed early promise as monotherapy for patients with metastatic breast cancer, particularly for those with hormone receptor–positive disease, according to results of a phase I study presented at the...
Biomarker Identifies Melanoma Patients Who May Respond to Immunotherapy MK-3475
Among melanoma patients treated with the PD-1 inhibitor MK-3475, those whose tumors had the protein PD-L1 had better immune responses and higher survival rates, according to results presented at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting 2014 in San Diego. When the protein...
High t(14;18) Translocation Frequency Predicts Follicular Lymphoma up to 15 Years Later
The t(14;18) translocation is a hallmark and critical event in the development of follicular lymphoma, but it is also detectable in otherwise healthy persons, and its relationship to progression to disease is unclear. In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Roulland et al found...
Palbociclib Plus Letrozole Achieves Impressive Results in Metastatic Breast Cancer
First-line treatment with the combination of palbociclib plus letrozole extended progression-free survival by approximately 50% in patients with metastatic estrogen receptor–positive, HER2-negative breast cancer, according to final results of a randomized phase II study presented at the...
Tumor-Suppressor Gene TP53 Mutated in 90% of Osteosarcomas
The St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital–Washington University Pediatric Cancer Genome Project found mutations in the tumor-suppressor gene TP53 in 90% of osteosarcomas, suggesting the alteration plays a key role early in development of the bone cancer. The study by Chen et al was...
Certain Genetic Variants May Help Identify Patients at Increased Risk of Bladder Cancer Recurrence
A new study by Andrew et al published in BJU International suggests that certain inherited DNA sequences may affect the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer. The findings may help physicians identify subgroups of patients with high-risk bladder cancer who should receive more frequent...
Study Implicates SMARCA4 Gene as Key Player in Oncogenesis of Small Cell Carcinoma of the Ovary
According to a new study, mutations in the SMARCA4 remodeling gene may play a key role in the development of small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type. The findings by Ramos et al were published in Nature Genetics and suggest that loss of SMARCA4 expression may serve as a biomarker for...
Validation of Mantle Cell Lymphoma International Prognostic Index in European Mantle Cell Lymphoma Network Trials
The Mantle Cell Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (MIPI) was developed in 2008 as the first prognostic stratification system specific for mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Hoster et al confirmed the validity of MIPI in a cohort of two...
HLA Class I Antigen Expression Predicts Overall Survival Benefit With Aspirin Use in Colon Cancer
In a cohort study reported in JAMA Internal Medicine, Reimers et al found that aspirin use was associated with a significant 47% reduction in mortality risk after diagnosis of colon cancer expressing HLA class I antigen. There was no difference in aspirin benefit according to strong or weak...
Dose-Escalated Hypofractionated IMRT for Localized Prostate Cancer Has Similar Side Effects Compared to Conventional IMRT
Dose-escalated intensity-modulated radiotherapy with use of a moderate hypofractionation regimen (72 Gy in 2.4-Gy fractions) can safely treat patients with localized prostate cancer with limited grade 2 or 3 late toxicity, according to a study by Hoffman et al published in the International Journal ...
Findings of AURELIA Trial Support Consideration of Bevacizumab/Chemotherapy in Carefully Selected Patients With Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer
The recently reported open-label phase III AURELIA trial showed that the addition of bevacizumab (Avastin) to chemotherapy resulted in significant improvements in progression-free survival, the primary study endpoint, and objective response rate in women with recurrent platinum-resistant ovarian...
Addition of Bevacizumab to Chemotherapy Improves Patient-Reported Outcomes in Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer
The recently reported open-label phase III AURELIA trial showed that the addition of bevacizumab (Avastin) to chemotherapy resulted in significant improvement in progression-free survival, the primary study endpoint, and objective response rate in women with recurrent platinum-resistant ovarian...
Long-Term Study Finds Fertility Drugs Do Not Increase Breast Cancer Risk
A large study of over 12,000 women who took clomiphene citrate or gonadotropins for the treatment of infertility has found no increase in breast cancer risk over 30 years of follow-up, compared with women who were not treated with these medications. The study by Brinton et al is published in Cancer ...
Adding Bevacizumab to Chemotherapy Improves Progression-Free Survival in Platinum-Resistant Recurrent Ovarian Cancer
Single-agent chemotherapy is standard in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. In the open-label phase III AURELIA trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Pujade-Lauraine et al found that the addition of bevacizumab (Avastin) to chemotherapy resulted in significant improvement in...
Study Finds Routine Mammograms Offer Limited Benefit to Oldest Female Patients
Doctors should focus on life expectancy when deciding whether to order mammograms for their oldest female patients, since the harms of screening likely outweigh the benefits unless women are expected to live at least another decade, according to a review published online in JAMA by Walter and...
Lack of Insurance Coverage a Barrier to Lung Cancer Screening
The majority of current and former smokers would welcome screenings for lung cancer if their insurance covered the spiral computed tomography (CT) scans, according to research from Roswell Park Cancer Institute and the Medical University of South Carolina. The study by Delmerico et al was published ...
18F-FDOPA PET Predicts Good Prognosis as Soon as 2 Weeks After Start of Antiangiogenic Therapy in Recurrent High-Grade Glioma
In a study reported in Clinical Cancer Research, Schwarzenberg et al found 3,4-dihydroxy-6-[18F]-fluoro-L-phenylalanine (18F-FDOPA) positron-emission tomography (PET) metabolic tumor volume values at 2 weeks after the start of bevacizumab (Avastin) were highly predictive of outcome in patients with ...
MET Immunohistochemistry Expression Is Best Predictor of Benefit From Addition of Onartuzumab to Erlotinib in Advanced NSCLC
A recent phase II study showed progression-free survival and overall survival benefits with the addition of onartuzumab (an antibody directed against MET, a receptor kinase that binds hepatocyte growth factor [HGF]) to erlotinib (Tarceva) in the subset of patients with advanced non–small cell ...
Bendamustine/Rituximab May Be Important Alternative Treatment Option for Indolent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma or Mantle Cell Lymphoma
Results from the BRIGHT study combined with long-term safety data from other studies suggest that bendamustine (Treanda) plus rituximab (Rituxan) “may be an important alternative treatment option” for the initial therapy of patients with low-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and mantle...
Digital Mammography Reduces Recall and Biopsy Rates
Population-based screening with full-field digital mammography is associated with lower recall and biopsy rates than screen-film mammography, suggesting that full-field digital mammography may reduce the number of diagnostic workups and biopsies that do not lead to diagnosis of breast cancer,...
Obesity Primes the Colon for Cancer, According to NIH Study
Obesity, rather than diet, causes changes in the colon that may lead to colorectal cancer, according to a study in mice by the National Institutes of Health. The finding bolsters the recommendation that calorie control and frequent exercise are not only key to a healthy lifestyle, but a strategy to ...
Patient Characteristics and Outcome Differ in Clinical Trial vs General Population Elderly Patients With Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, van de Water et al found that Dutch women with hormone receptor–positive breast cancer aged ≥ 65 years at diagnosis who were treated in a clinical trial had significantly fewer comorbid diseases, higher socioeconomic...
Radiofrequency Ablation Reduces Risk of High-Grade Dysplasia and Adenocarcinoma vs Endoscopic Surveillance in Patients With Barrett’s Esophagus
Barrett’s esophagus with low-grade dysplasia increases risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma. In a European study reported in JAMA, Phoa et al assessed whether endoscopic radiofrequency ablation reduced the rate of neoplastic progression compared with endoscopic surveillance in patients with...
Three-Dimensional MRI Scans May Offer More Accurate Way to Predict Survival After Chemotherapy for Liver Tumors
In a series of studies involving 140 American men and women with liver tumors, researchers at Johns Hopkins have used specialized three-dimensional (3D) MRI scans to precisely measure living and dying tumor tissue to quickly show whether highly toxic chemotherapy is working. The investigators said ...
Study Finds Chemotherapy Accelerates Molecular Aging in Patients With Breast Cancer
Physicians have long suspected that chemotherapy can accelerate the aging process in patients treated for cancer. Using a test developed at UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center to determine molecular aging, oncologists have directly measured the impact of anticancer chemotherapy drugs on...
Women Are Infrequently First or Corresponding Authors in Collaborative Group Publications in Oncology
As reported in a research letter in JAMA Internal Medicine, Sun et al studied the frequency with which women lead clinical trial publications from organized collaborative groups in oncology. They found that women are very infrequently lead or corresponding authors, with the percentages not changing ...
Phase II Trial Shows Feasibility of Customized Adjuvant Treatment in NSCLC, but Phase III Trial Canceled Due to Unreliability of ERCC1 Readouts
In the phase II Tailored Postsurgical Therapy in Early-Stage NSCLC (TASTE) trial (IFCT-0801), reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Wislez et al examined the feasibility of customized adjuvant treatment based on EGFR mutation status and expression of ERCC1 (excision repair...
DNA Test Can Help Predict Bladder Cancer Recurrence
A DNA methylation marker test performed on patients with noninvasive urothelial carcinoma can predict tumor recurrence with high sensitivity and specificity, according to a study by Su et al. The findings may help eliminate costly and unnecessary invasive exams and reveals the importance of DNA...
Anastrozole Reduces Breast Cancer Incidence in High-Risk Postmenopausal Women
In the phase III IBIS-II trial, reported in The Lancet, Cuzick et al found that aromatase inhibitor therapy with anastrozole reduced risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women at high risk of the disease. Study Details In this double-blind trial, 3,864 postmenopausal women aged 40 to 70 years...
Experts Call for More Awareness of Sexual Dysfunction in Lung Cancer Patients
Many lung cancer patients suffer difficulties with sexual expression and intimacy, yet for too long the topic has been ignored by doctors and researchers, experts said at the 4th European Lung Cancer Conference (ELCC) in Geneva, Switzerland. Researchers have estimated that sexual dysfunction...
