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Showing 32651 - 32700Study Identifies Signaling Pathway Responsible for Generating Slowly Proliferating, Chemoresistant Cancer Cells
Although scientists know that all cancers contain a mixture of both rapidly and slowly proliferating cancer cells, which complicates the detection and treatment of patients with cancer and may cause disease relapse long after apparently curative treatment, the circumstances and molecular details of ...
Revised Risk Classification for Pediatric Extracranial Germ Cell Tumors
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Frazier et al used data from U.S. and UK clinical trials to identify a high-risk group of patients with pediatric extracranial germ cell tumors. Study Details The study involved data from seven germ cell tumor trials conducted by the...
Combining Newer, More Intensive First-Line Chemotherapy With Bevacizumab Improves Long-Term Outcome in Advanced Colorectal Cancer
Updated results from TRIBE, an Italian phase III study of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, indicate that FOLFOXIRI (leucovorin, fluorouracil [5-FU], oxaliplatin, irinotecan) chemotherapy in combination with bevacizumab (Avastin) is superior to the standard FOLFIRI (leucovorin, 5-FU,...
Use of Minimally Invasive Colorectal Cancer Surgery Increases at NCCN Centers, but Wide Variation Exists
A recent study on the use of minimally invasive surgery for colorectal cancer at National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) centers has found that although laparoscopic colectomy results in equivalent oncologic outcomes compared to open colectomy, its adoption nationally has been slow. An...
Second-Line Ramucirumab Added to Standard Chemotherapy Improves Survival in Patients With Advanced Colorectal Cancer
New findings from an international phase III study of 1,072 patients with advanced colorectal cancer whose disease progressed on or after initial therapy indicate that a combination of the targeted drug ramucirumab (Cyramza) and FOLFIRI (irinotecan, fluorouracil, leucovorin) chemotherapy provides a ...
Chemoradiation Plus Nonsurgical Management of Rectal Cancer Appears Safe, May Offer Better Quality of Life Than Surgery
A retrospective review of clinical data on 145 patients with stage I to III rectal cancer indicates that patients who achieved complete response after treatment with chemoradiation and systemic chemotherapy had similar 4-year survival rates regardless of whether they had immediate surgery or...
Higher Vitamin D Levels Associated With Markedly Improved Survival in Patients With Advanced Colorectal Cancer
A prospective analysis of data from a phase III study of patients newly diagnosed with metastatic colorectal cancer indicates that patients with higher vitamin D levels have better outcomes after treatment with chemotherapy and targeted therapy. The median overall survival for patients with the...
Adding Ziv-Aflibercept to FOLFIRI Results in Persistent Improvement in Overall Survival in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Patients with metastatic colorectal cancer showed a continued and persistent improvement over time in overall survival when they received ziv-aflibercept (Zaltrap) in addition to FOLFIRI (irinotecan, fluorouracil, leucovorin), reported by Ruff et al in the European Journal of Cancer. Survival was...
Many Cancer Survivors Have Unmet Physical and Mental Needs Related to Their Disease and Its Treatment
Even decades after being cured, many cancer survivors face physical and mental challenges resulting from their disease and its treatment, according to a new study reported by Burg et al in Cancer. The findings could help clinicians and other experts develop interventions that are tailored to the...
Long-Term Follow-up Shows Favorable Overall Survival Rates With Concurrent Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Regimens in Rectal Cancer
Patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who receive neoadjuvant radiation therapy with either irinotecan plus capecitabine or oxaliplatin plus capecitabine have a 4-year overall survival rate of 85% and 75%, respectively, according to a study reported by Wong et al in the International Journal ...
Thoracic Radiotherapy Benefits Patients With Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer Who Responded to Chemotherapy
In a phase III trial reported in The Lancet, Slotman et al found that while thoracic radiotherapy vs no thoracic radiotherapy was not associated with a significant improvement in 1-year overall survival, the primary endpoint of the study, it significantly improved 2-year overall survival and...
ASCO Endorses ESMO Guideline on Hereditary Colorectal Cancer Syndromes
Approximately 5% to 6% of cases of colorectal cancer are associated with germline mutations conferring an inherited predisposition for disease. As reported by Stoffel et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, ASCO has endorsed, with qualifying statements, the European Society for Medical Oncology...
Asian Cancer Survivors Report Poorer Care Communication and Care Quality
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Palmer et al found that Asian cancer survivors reported poorer care communication and care quality compared with white patients. Study Details The study involved 1,196 survivors of breast, prostate, colorectal, ovarian, and endometrial...
Oral Human Papillomavirus Infection More Likely to Persist in Older Men
Oral infection with human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16), which is the type of HPV most frequently linked to HPV-driven head and neck cancers, was more likely to persist 12 or more months in men older than 45 than in those younger than 45, according to a study reported by Pierce Campbell et al in...
Nonoperative Management Should Be Used With Caution in Patients With Small Papillary Thyroid Tumors
In a population-based study of patients with thyroid cancer, 12.3% of patients with small papillary thyroid tumors experienced thyroid cancer–related deaths despite undergoing thyroidectomy, according to a report by Nilubol and Kebebew in the journal Cancer. From the results of this study,...
No Benefit of COX-2 Inhibitor Apricoxib in Combination With Docetaxel or Pemetrexed in Second-line Treatment of Patients With Biomarker-Selected NSCLC
In a phase II study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Edelman et al found no benefit of adding the daily COX-2 inhibitor apricoxib to second-line docetaxel or pemetrexed (Alimta) in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who exhibited suppressed levels of the urinary...
Low Prostate Cancer Mortality in Long-Term Follow-up of Canadian Active Surveillance Cohort
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Klotz et al found that 1.5% of prostate cancer patients in a Canadian active surveillance cohort died from the disease during up to 16 years of follow-up. Study Details The study involved 993 men with favorable-risk prostate cancer who were ...
New Cancer Diagnoses Associated With Increased Risk of Stroke
Patients with new cases of cancer face a heightened risk of stroke in the months immediately following their diagnoses, with that risk escalating with the aggressiveness of their disease, according to a new study from researchers at Weill Cornell Medical College and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer...
No Association of Aromatase Inhibitor–Related Musculoskeletal and Vasomotor Symptoms With Relapse-Free Survival in NCIC CTG MA.27 Analysis
Retrospective analyses of the ATAC, TEAM, and BIG 1-98 adjuvant endocrine therapy trials in breast cancer have suggested that treatment-emergent endocrine symptoms may be associated with superior survival outcomes. In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Stearns et al found no...
Increased Mastectomy Use in Patients With Early-Stage Breast Cancer
In a national retrospective cohort study reported in JAMA Surgery, Kummerow et al found that an increased proportion of women with breast cancer eligible for breast-conserving surgery have undergone mastectomy during recent years. The study involved data from > 1.2 million women with...
Chemotherapy Plus Targeted Therapy Reduces Recurrence in Women With Early-Stage HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
A phase II clinical study of adjuvant paclitaxel and trastuzumab (Herceptin) in women with stage I HER2-positive breast cancer has found the 3-year rate of survival free from invasive disease was 98.7%. The findings may help establish the combination therapy as the first standard treatment approach ...
Management of Cancer Pain Has Improved but Remains Inadequate
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Greco et al updated a 2008 systematic review on cancer pain management. Improvements were seen between 2008 and 2013, but approximately one-third of patients still do not receive pain medication adequate for reported pain intensity. Changes...
Study Finds Whole-Genome Sequencing Is Successful in Identifying Patients’ Risk for Inherited Cancers
After performing whole-genome sequencing on patients found to have BRCA1or BRCA2 mutations as well as on those that were not carriers of either mutation, researchers found cancer risk–related potentially pathogenic variants in those without BRCA mutations. While the results highlight the ...
Low-Level Laser Therapy May Reduce Limb Volume and Pain in Patients With Breast Cancer–Related Lymphedema
In a meta-analysis of patients with breast cancer–related lymphedema, low-level laser therapy was associated with reduced limb volume and pain levels, according to a report by Smoot et al in the Journal of Cancer Survivorship. However, the investigators noted that regarding pain management,...
FDA Grants Fast Track Designation to SGX301 for First-Line Treatment of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Fast Track designation to Soligenix’s synthetic hypericin (SGX301) development program for the first-line treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Fast Track designation is reserved for drugs that demonstrate the potential to address an...
Institutional Experience Significantly Affects Overall Survival in Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Wuthrick et al found that patients with stage III or IV head and neck cancer in the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 0129 trial who were treated at historically high-accruing centers in RTOG clinical trials had significantly better...
Bispecific CD19-Directed CD3 T-Cell Engager Blinatumomab Active in Adults With Relapsed/Refractory B-Cell Precursor ALL
In a phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Topp et al found that the bispecific CD19-directed CD3 T-cell engager (BiTE) blinatumomab (Blincyto) was highly active in adults with relapsed or refractory B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Blinatumomab binds to CD19 expressed ...
Changes in Temporal Patterns and Risk of Recurrence in Breast Cancer Between 1986–1992 and 2004–2008
In a Canadian study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Cossetti and colleagues found that temporal patterns of breast cancer relapse according to estrogen receptor and HER2 status in the period 2004–2008 were similar to those in 1986–1992 but at markedly reduced relapse rates....
Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Plus Chemotherapy Improves Survival Among Patients With Stage IV Lung Cancer
A clinical trial that combined stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) with erlotinib chemotherapy more than doubled survival rates for certain patients with stage IV lung cancer patients, reported Iyengar et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. SBRT is a type of radiation therapy in which a ...
Radiation Plus Androgen-Deprivation Therapy Prolongs Survival for Older Men With Prostate Cancer
Adding radiation treatment to androgen-deprivation therapy saves more lives among older men with locally advanced prostate therapy than androgen-deprivation therapy alone, according to a new study reported by Bekelman et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. The researchers found that...
Palbociclib/Letrozole Improves Progression-Free Survival in First-Line Treatment of Estrogen Receptor–Positive/HER2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer
In the phase II PALOMA-1/TRIO-18 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Finn et al found that the addition of palbociclib to letrozole resulted in significant improvement in progression-free survival as first-line treatment for advanced disease in postmenopausal women with estrogen...
Patients With Prior Cancer Excluded From Most Lung Cancer Trials
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Gerber et al found that patients with prior cancer were excluded from most clinical trials in lung cancer, including nearly all with overall survival as a primary endpoint. The study involved review of data from 51 lung cancer...
Somatic Tumor Neoepitopes as Basis for Response to CTLA-4 Inhibition in Melanoma
The molecular determinants of benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment have not been characterized. In a study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Snyder et al found that benefit of the anti–cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) antibodies ipilimumab (Yervoy) and...
More Than 1.5 Million Cancer Deaths Averted During 2 Decades of Dropping Mortality
The American Cancer Society’s annual cancer statistics report found that a 22% drop in cancer mortality over 2 decades led to the avoidance of more than 1.5 million cancer deaths that would have occurred if peak rates had persisted. And while cancer death rates have declined in every state,...
Exercise Improves Aromatase Inhibitor–Induced Arthralgia in Breast Cancer Survivors
In the HOPE study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Irwin et al found that a program of aerobic exercise and strength training produced significant improvement in aromatase inhibitor–associated arthralgia in breast cancer survivors. Study Details In the study, 121 women with...
Diabetes Increases Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in All Racial/Ethnic Groups
In a study in the Multiethnic Cohort (composed of men and women from California and Hawaii) reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Setiawan et al found that diabetes was associated with increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in all racial/ethnic groups, with risk being...
Abstract ‘Spin’ Affects Interpretation of Trial Outcome
In the SPIIN study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Boutron et al found that spin in the abstract of an article reporting results of a randomized controlled trial in cancer increased clinician rating of the benefit of the experimental treatment in the trial. Study Details In the...
Scientists Discover the Role of Gene Mutations Involved in 75% of Glioblastomas and Melanomas
After initiating several biophysical computational studies, researchers have identified mutations that destabilize a DNA structure that turns a gene “off.” They found that these mutations occur at four specific sites in the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) promoter in over ...
No Overall Survival Difference for Linifanib vs Sorafenib in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
In a phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Cainap et al found that treatment with linifanib, an ATP-competitive inhibitor of VEGF and PDGF receptor tyrosine kinases, did not improve overall survival compared with sorafenib (Nexavar) treatment in patients with advanced...
Postdiagnosis and Pre-/Postdiagnosis Use of Bisphosphonates for Osteoporosis Reduces Risk of Skeletal Metastases in Women With Breast Cancer
In a Canadian study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Kremer et al found that postdiagnosis use only or pre-and postdiagnosis use of bisphosphonates for treatment or prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women with breast cancer was associated with a significant...
Cancer Risk Associated With Lynch Syndrome PMS2 Mutation in European Cohort
The effects of PMS2 germline mutations are less well understood than those of other Lynch syndrome–associated mismatch repair gene mutations. In a European cohort study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, ten Broeke et al found that risks of colorectal cancer and endometrial cancer...
FDA Approves Nivolumab for Advanced Melanoma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today granted accelerated approval to nivolumab (Opdivo) for patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma who no longer respond to other drugs. Nivolumab, a PD-1 inhibitor, is intended for patients who have been previously treated with ipilimumab...
Worse Anxiety/Depression Symptoms in Patients Adopting ‘Helper’ Role in Breast Cancer Internet Support Group
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Lepore et al found that patients assigned a helper role in a breast cancer Internet support group had worse anxiety/depression symptoms after completion of the intervention than those not assigned a helper role. Study Details In the study,...
American Psychosocial Oncology Society Issues Call for 2015 Award Nominations
The American Pyschosocial Oncology Society (APOS) announced today that it is accepting nominations for its 2015 awards. The deadline for submitting nominations is December 31, 2014. These awards will be presented at the World Congress of Psycho-Oncology, to be held July 30 to August 1, 2015. For...
Bisphosphonates May Help Prevent Endometrial Cancer
A new analysis suggests that women who use bisphosphonates have about half the risk of developing endometrial cancer as women who do not use the drugs. The findings by Alford et al, published early online in Cancer, supports other research that has shown an anticancer effect of this type of...
Laparoscopic Surgery for Bladder Cancer Leads to Good Long-Term Cancer Control
Long-term survival rates following laparoscopic surgery for bladder cancer are comparable to those of open surgery, according to a study published in BJU International. The findings, which come from the largest study to date with long-term follow-up after this type of minimally invasive surgery,...
Addition of Hypoxia-Activated Prodrug TH-302 to Gemcitabine Improves Progression-Free Survival in Advanced Pancreas Cancer
TH-302 is a hypoxia-activated prodrug that releases the DNA alkylator bromo-isophosphoramide mustard in hypoxic settings. In a phase II trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Borad et al found that the addition of TH-302 to gemcitabine improved progression-free survival in patients...
No Survival Difference for Adjuvant Capecitabine vs 5-FU With or Without Oxaliplatin in Stage III Colon Cancer
In an analysis reported in The Lancet Oncology, Schmoll et al found no difference in survival outcomes with adjuvant capecitabine vs fluorouracil (5-FU)/leucovorin with or without oxaliplatin in patients with stage III colon cancer and no adverse impact of adjuvant oxaliplatin on post-relapse...
Urinary PCA3 Adds to Predictive Models in Patients Presenting for Initial and Repeat Biopsy for Detection of Prostate Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Wei et al found that use of urinary prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) measurement could improve avoidance of repeat prostate biopsy and detection of prostate cancer in biopsy-naive patients. This National Cancer Institute study involved...
FDA Approves Companion Diagnostic for the Detection of BRCA1/2 Mutations in Ovarian Cancer
Today’s approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of olaparib (Lynparza) occurred concurrently with that of a companion diagnostic, BRACAnalysis CDx. This genetic test is designed to detect the presence of mutations in the BRCA genes in blood samples from patients with ovarian...
