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Showing 30951 - 31000Rate of Cancer Detection at Risk-Reducing Salpingo-Oophorectomy
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Sherman et al found occult cancers in 2.6% of high-risk women undergoing risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy. Study Details The study involved 966 asymptomatic high-risk women age ≥ 30 years who underwent risk-reducing...
New Findings in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia
Three studies reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology provide information on maintenance treatment with the synthetic retinoid tamibarotene in acute promyelocytic leukemia, potential implications of QT interval prolongation related to arsenic trioxide (Trisenox), and potential health-related...
Blinatumomab Receives FDA Priority Review Designation in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has accepted for review Amgen’s Biologics License Application for blinatumomab for the treatment of adults with Philadelphia chromosome–negative relapsed/refractory B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). As part of the acceptance, the ...
FDA Approves Bortezomib Injection for Previously Untreated Patients With Mantle Cell Lymphoma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved bortezomib (Velcade) injection for previously untreated patients with mantle cell lymphoma. This is the first treatment in the United States to be approved for use in previously untreated patients with mantle cell lymphoma. Bortezomib was...
FDA Approves Netupitant and Palonosetron Combination Capsule for Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved a combination of netupitant and palonosetron (Akynzeo) to treat nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy. The new drug, also known as NEPA, is a fixed-combination capsule comprised of two agents: oral palonosetron,...
Study Finds Potential Link Between BRCA1/2 Mutations and Salivary Gland Cancer
The risk of developing cancer in a salivary gland might be higher in people with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations, which are associated with breast and ovarian cancer, according to a new study by researchers at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital...
New Predictive Model for Lung Cancer May Improve Accuracy in Prescreening Lung Nodules Prior to Resection
An investigative predictive model for lung cancer demonstrated more accuracy than the more commonly used Mayo Clinic model in prescreening lung nodules prior to resection, according to the results of a study reported by Deppen et al in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology. The investigators suggested...
Improved Survival With Maintenance Capecitabine/Bevacizumab vs Bevacizumab Alone in HER2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer
Regulatory approval of bevacizumab (Avastin) plus docetaxel in metastatic breast cancer was withdrawn in Europe in February 2011 and in the United States in November 2011. The phase III IMELDA trial comparing maintenance capecitabine/bevacizumab vs bevacizumab after first-line bevacizumab/docetaxel ...
Updated GEM2005 Trial Confirms Benefit of Melphalan/Bortezomib Combination in Elderly Multiple Myeloma Patients
Melphalan in combination with bortezomib (Velcade) should be maintained as one of the standards of care for the treatment of elderly patients with multiple myeloma, concluded Spanish trialists reporting updated results from the GEM2005 study comparing bortezomib/melphalan/prednisone with...
Anti–PD-1 Antibody Pembrolizumab Is Active in Ipilimumab-Refractory Advanced Melanoma
As reported in The Lancet by Robert et al, the anti–programmed-death receptor-1 (PD-1) antibody pembrolizumab (Keytruda) produced durable responses in a phase I trial in patients with ipilimumab (Yervoy)-refractory melanoma. The study provided the basis for the recent accelerated approval of...
Study Identifies Groups at Risk for Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
Researchers at the University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine have, for the first time, clearly defined the epidemiology of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), which occur primarily in the lining of the stomach and small intestine. Of note was the discovery that patients of Asian...
One in Three People With Cancer Has Anxiety or Other Mental Health Challenges
Researchers in Germany report that nearly one-third of more than 2,100 patients with cancer interviewed at inpatient and outpatient care centers experienced a clinically meaningful level of mental or emotional distress that meets the strict diagnostic criteria for mental disorders including...
Overexpression of Threonyl tRNA-Synthetase Demonstrates Potential Value as a Prognostic and Therapeutic Factor in Ovarian Cancer Patients
The molecule threonyl tRNA-synthetase may provide value as a serum diagnostic marker and a potential target of therapy for ovarian cancer, according to the results of a study reported by Wellman et al in BMC Cancer. In addition, the mortality risk was slightly reduced for patients with high...
HPV 16/18 Vaccine Shows Protective Efficacy in Women Aged > 25 Years in 4-Year Interim Follow-up of VIVIANE Study
In the 4-year interim follow-up of the VIVIANE study reported in The Lancet by Skinner et al, the human papillomavirus (HPV) 16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine was found to be protective against 6-month persistent infection or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 or higher (CIN1+) associated with...
Higher Levels of Cholesterol and Triglycerides May Increase the Risk of Prostate Cancer Recurrence
Prostate cancer survivors with higher levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides had an increased risk for disease recurrence, according to a study by Allott et al. The study findings, coupled with evidence that statin use is associated with reduced recurrence risk, suggest that lipid levels...
New Mutations Found in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Lead to Dramatic Response and Acquired Resistance to Everolimus
A study involving a patient with metastatic anaplastic thyroid cancer who achieved a near-complete response to everolimus (Afinitor) that lasted for 18 months, followed by progressive disease, has revealed a previously unknown mutation in the TSC2 gene and in the mTOR protein. The discovery...
Fiber-Based Laxatives Linked to Decreased Risk of Colorectal Cancer
A large, prospective study involving more than 75,000 adults in western Washington has found that frequent use of fiber-based laxatives is associated with a decreased risk of colorectal cancer. The study also found that use of nonfiber laxatives is linked to significantly increased risk of...
After Adjustment for Stage at Diagnosis, No Difference Evident in Melanoma-Specific Mortality Between Amelanotic and Pigmented Melanomas
In a large international population-based study reported in JAMA Dermatology, Thomas et al found that increased risk of melanoma-related mortality for patients with amelanotic vs those with pigmented melanomas was no longer evident after adjustment for tumor stage at diagnosis. The study involved...
Adjuvant Radiotherapy Benefits Survival in Subsets of Patients With Node-Positive Prostate Cancer
In an analysis of outcomes in patients with node-positive prostate cancer reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Abdollah et al found that adjuvant radiotherapy is associated with a survival benefit in patients with low-volume nodal disease in the setting of intermediate- to high-grade...
Abiraterone Acetate/Prednisone in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Final Analysis of Early-Access Protocol Study
Abiraterone acetate (Zytiga) is approved for use in combination with prednisone in the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. As reported by Sternberg et al in The Lancet Oncology, results of an open-label, early-access protocol trial initiated prior to approval indicated no...
FDA Grants Orphan Drug Designation to DNX-2401 for Malignant Glioma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Orphan Drug Designation to DNAtrix’s DNX-2401, a conditionally-replicative oncolytic adenovirus for malignant glioma. Glioma is the most common form of primary brain cancer, the treatment of which remains a significant unmet medical...
2014 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Awarded to John O’Keefe, FRS, May-Britt Moser, PhD, and Edvard I. Moser, PhD
The Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet has awarded the 2014 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine to John O’Keefe, FRS, and to May-Britt Moser, PhD, and Edvard I. Moser, PhD, for their discoveries of cells that constitute a positioning system in the brain. This “inner GPS”...
AR-V7 in Circulating Tumor Cells Associated With Resistance to Enzalutamide and Abiraterone in Prostate Cancer
The androgen receptor isoform encoded by splice variant 7 is constitutively active as a transcription factor, despite lacking the ligand-binding domain that is the target of enzalutamide (Xtandi) and abiraterone (Zytiga). In a study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Antonarakis et al ...
Increased Risk of Fracture After Radical Cystectomy and Urinary Diversion in Older Patients With Bladder Cancer
In a population-based study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Gupta et al found that radical cystectomy with urinary diversion for bladder cancer is associated with increased risk of bone fracture at any site in Medicare patients. Radical cystectomy and urinary diversion may cause...
No Increased Risk of Ovarian Cancer With Perineal Powder Use
Perineal powder use has been associated with increased risk of ovarian cancer in case-control studies and with increased risk of serous invasive ovarian cancer in a cohort study. In a large cohort study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Houghton et al found no significant...
Study Finds Increase in Colonoscopy Rates Has Lead to Overuse
A retrospective study led by researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital has found an overuse of colonoscopies for colorectal cancer screening and surveillance. The study demonstrated that endoscopists commonly recommended shorter follow-up intervals than established guidelines support, and these...
TERT Promoter Mutation Associated With Reduced Survival in Nonacral Cutaneous Melanoma
TERT promoter mutations have been found to occur at high frequency in cutaneous melanoma tumor samples, exhibit a UV-signature, and lead to increased TERT gene expression. In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Griewank et al found that TERT promoter mutation was...
FDA Grants Orphan Drug Designation to Investigational Agent for Pancreatic Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Orphan Drug Designation to pegylated recombinant human hyaluronidase (PEGPH20) for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Halozyme Therapeutics is currently investigating PEGPH20 in a phase II study in combination with gemcitabine and...
Swedish Study Indicates No Increased Risk of Breast Cancer With 5 Years of Continuous Exposure to Calcium Channel Blockers
A recently reported U.S. population-based case-control study in women aged 55 to 74 years indicated that current use of calcium channel blockers for ≥ 10 years was associated with increased risk of ductal breast cancer (odds ratio [OR] = 2.4) and lobular breast cancer. In a Swedish case-control...
Comorbidity Associated With Shorter Overall Survival but Not With Time to Relapse or Toxicity in Older Women on Adjuvant Chemotherapy
In the Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) 70103 study, comorbidity was associated with shorter overall survival among older women with early-stage breast cancer and good functional status receiving adjuvant chemotherapy. “The presence of four or more conditions appeared to be a threshold for ...
FDG-PET Is Less Specific in Diagnosing Lung Cancer in Areas With Endemic Infectious Lung Disease
Although positron-emission tomography (PET) combined with 18F–fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is recommended for the noninvasive diagnosis of pulmonary nodules suspicious for lung cancer, in populations with endemic infectious lung disease, FDG-PET may not accurately identify malignant lesions. An...
Enhanced Benefit Shown With FOLFIRI/Ziv-Aflibercept in Subset of Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
The survival benefit demonstrated in the VELOUR study for FOLFIRI (irinotecan, fluorouracil [5-FU], leucovorin) plus ziv-aflibercept (Zaltrap) vs FOLFIRI plus placebo in metastatic colorectal cancer patients who had disease progression on oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy persisted beyond median...
Researchers Discover Genetic Variant That Can Predict Aggressive Prostate Cancer at Diagnosis
Researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center have identified a biomarker adjacent to the KLK3 gene that can predict which prostate cancer patients with a Gleason score of 7 will have a more aggressive form of cancer. The findings by He et al, published in Clinical Cancer...
FDA Grants Breakthrough Therapy Designation to AP26113 for ALK-Positive NSCLC
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Breakthrough Therapy designation to Ariad Pharmaceutical’s investigational agent AP26113 for patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who are resistant to crizotinib...
PET-CT as Standard for Response Assessment After First-Line Therapy in Follicular Lymphoma
In a pooled analysis reported in The Lancet Haematology, Trotman et al found that 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron-emission tomography/low-dose computed tomography (PET-CT) provides improved prognostic information over conventional contrast-enhanced CT in assessment of response to first-line...
Sex Steroid Hormones May Play a Role in the Development of Aggressive Prostate Cancer
Men with higher estradiol-to-testosterone ratios had a substantially reduced risk of aggressive prostate cancer, whereas men with higher ratios of 2-hydroxyestrone to 16α-hydroxyestrone had an increased risk of such cancer, according to the study findings presented by Black et al in Cancer...
Dutch Study Finds No Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Mortality in 5-Year Survivors of DCIS
In a Dutch study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Boekel et al found no increase in risk of cardiovascular mortality among 5-year survivors of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) compared with the general population. Among DCIS patients, risk of cardiovascular events did not...
Chemoradiotherapy vs Radiotherapy Alone Linked to Increased Risk of Subsequent Malignancies in Long-Term Survivors of Hereditary Retinoblastoma
Increased risk of subsequent malignant neoplasms has been reported in hereditary retinoblastoma survivors after radiotherapy. In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Wong et al found that chemotherapy plus radiotherapy was associated with increased risk of subsequent malignant...
Reduced Local Recurrence With Intensity-Modulated vs External-Beam Radiation Therapy in Primary Soft-Tissue Sarcomas of the Extremity
There are no large-scale direct comparisons of outcomes with intensity-modulated radiation therapy vs conventional external-beam radiation therapy in patients with soft-tissue sarcoma of the extremity. In a single-institution experience reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Folkert et al at ...
ESMO 2014: Abiraterone Plus Prednisone Significantly Improves Overall Survival in Chemotherapy-Naive Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
A final analysis of the phase III COU-AA-302 trial showed that abiraterone acetate (Zytiga) plus prednisone significantly prolonged overall survival compared to an active control of placebo plus prednisone in men with chemotherapy-naive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. The study,...
PSA Bounce After Radiotherapy May Be Associated With Outcomes in Patients With Prostate Cancer
A temporary rise in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) scores after radiotherapy may have an association with outcomes in patients with prostate cancer, according to the study findings presented by Naghavi et al in the International Journal of Clinical Oncology. Experiencing a PSA bounce was...
Proposed Comorbidity-Age Index in Prognostic Model for Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Sorror et al found that a composite comorbidity-age index was better than age alone in predicting nonrelapse mortality and survival in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Study Details The study included data...
ESMO 2014: Everolimus Improves Overall Survival in Patients With Advanced Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
In a phase III trial, treatment with everolimus (Afinitor) resulted in a median overall survival of over 3 and a half years in patients with well-differentiated and progressive pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, representing what the study authors called a "clinically important" although not...
Next-Generation HPV Vaccine May Prevent 90% of Cervical Cancer Cases Worldwide
A study of a nine-valent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine that provides protection against HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58, has found it to be highly safe and efficacious. If vaccination programs with this new-generation vaccine are effectively implemented, approximately 90% of...
Cabozantinib Active in Pretreated Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
In a phase II expansion study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Smith et al found that the multikinase inhibitor cabozantinib (Cometriq) showed activity in previously treated metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Cabozantinib targets include VEGFR2 and MET kinases. Study...
Phase II Study Shows Activity of Hypoxia-Activated Alkylating Prodrug in Combination With Doxorubicin in Advanced Soft-Tissue Sarcoma
In a phase II study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Chawla et al found that the combination of a hypoxia-activated alkylating prodrug (TH-302) and doxorubicin was active in first-line treatment of advanced soft-tissue sarcoma. TH-302 is a prodrug of the cytotoxic alkylating agent...
ESMO 2014: Nivolumab Shows Signs of Superior Response Rate Compared to Standard Chemotherapy in Advanced Melanoma
The monoclonal antibody nivolumab achieved superior response rates and a longer duration of response than standard chemotherapy in patients whose melanoma has progressed after treatment with ipilimumab (Yervoy), according to preliminary data from a phase III trial presented at the ESMO 2014...
ESMO 2014: Lung Cancer Vaccine Fails to Improve Survival in Surgically Resected Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
The MAGRIT trial showed disappointing results for a developmental vaccine called MAGE-3 in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who had undergone surgical resection. This is the largest vaccine trial conducted in lung cancer, and investigators hoped that an immunotherapy approach...
Robert S. Miller, MD, FACP, FASCO, Joins ASCO as Medical Director for Society's Institute for Quality
Robert S. Miller, MD, FACP, FASCO, Assistant Professor of Oncology and Oncology Medical Information Officer at the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, has been named Medical Director of the Institute for Quality (iQ) of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO). ...
ESMO 2014: Phase III Study Confirms Regorafenib’s Survival Benefit in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
The phase III CONCUR trial of regorafenib (Stivarga) monotherapy in Asian patients with previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer confirmed the overall survival benefit seen in the previous CORRECT trial and in an exploratory analysis suggested the benefit is substantial in patients not...
