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Showing 20351 - 20400ASCO 2015: Nivolumab Extends Survival for Patients With Nonsquamous Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Superior overall survival was experienced by patients receiving the anti–PD-1 antibody nivolumab (Opdivo) in a randomized phase III study of patients with nonsquamous non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose disease progressed after a platinum-based doublet chemotherapy. Study...
ASCO 2015: Nivolumab Shows Highly Promising Activity in Advanced Liver Cancer
A phase I/II study testing the safety and antitumor activity of nivolumab (Opdivo) in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma has revealed one of the first signs that immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors will have a role in the treatment of liver cancer. The results and potential implications...
ASCO 2015: Mismatch Repair Deficiency Predicts Response to Pembrolizumab Among Patients With Colorectal and Other Cancers
A phase II study identified the first genomic marker—mismatch repair deficiency—to predict clinical benefit of immune checkpoint blockade with the anti–PD-1 antibody pembrolizumab (Keytruda). Among 50 patients with colorectal cancer, 62% of the 25 patients with mismatch...
Very Overweight Teens May Double Their Risk of Bowel Cancer in Middle Age
Being very overweight in your teens may double the risk of developing bowel cancer by the time you are middle-aged, suggested research published by Kantor et al in the journal Gut. A high level of an indicator of systemic inflammation—erythrocyte sedimentation rate—at this age is...
Blood Thinners Safe for Cancer Patients With Brain Metastases
Cancer patients with brain metastases who develop blood clots may safely receive blood thinners without increased risk of dangerous bleeding, according to a study published by Donato et al in Blood. Cancer increases a patient’s risk of developing blood clots, and an anticoagulant is often...
Two Studies Highlight Benefit of Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy in Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
Two studies from researchers at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center add to preliminary evidence that high-dose radiation treatment, or stereotactic body radiotherapy, appears to be safe and as effective as standard radiation treatment for certain patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer....
ASCO 2015: African Americans Prone to Display Negative Perceptions of Cancer-Related Clinical Trials
African American patients have a disproportionately high rate of cancer and yet are less likely than Caucasian patients to participate in oncologic clinical trials that can significantly improve quality of life. Researchers from Fox Chase Cancer Center and Temple University explored the differences ...
Study Links Paternal Age to Child’s Risk of Developing Blood and Immune System Cancer in Adulthood
A new study links a father's age at birth to the risk that his child will develop blood and immune system cancers as an adult, particularly for only children. The study, published by Teras et al in the American Journal of Epidemiology, found no association between having an older mother and these...
Women With Inherited KRAS-Variant Mutation May Be at Increased Breast Cancer Risk Due to Acute Estrogen Withdrawal
Researchers at UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center have discovered that for women with a relatively common inherited mutation, known as the KRAS-variant, abrupt lowering of estrogen may increase their breast cancer risk and impact breast cancer biology. Scientists also found that women with...
First-in-Class Antibody Mixture Shows Clinical Activity Against Treatment-Resistant, Advanced Colorectal Cancer
Patients with advanced colorectal tumors without mutations in the RAS genes derive substantial benefit from anti-EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) therapies; however, the disease eventually progresses, leaving these patients with few alternative therapeutic options. Over the past decade, some ...
Family History of Breast Cancer Doesn't Mean a Poor Prognosis for Women Who Develop the Disease
A new study finds that women who are diagnosed with breast cancer and have a family history of the disease face no worse a prognosis after treatment than other women with breast cancer. The study, which was published by Eccles et al in the British Journal of Surgery, offers a positive message for...
ASCO Releases Proposal for Payment Reform to Support Higher-Quality, More Affordable Cancer Care
Expanding on the Consolidated Payments for Oncology Care (CPOC) payment model circulated last year to improve the quality and affordability of care for patients with cancer, ASCO’s new Patient-Centered Oncology Payment: Payment Reform to Support Higher Quality, More Affordable Cancer Care...
FDA Fast Track Designation Granted to AG-120 for Treatment of Patients With IDH1-Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration had granted Fast Track designation to AG-120 for the treatment of patients with acute myeloid leukemia who harbor an isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1) mutation. Agios Pharmaceuticals’ AG-120 is a first-in-class, oral, selective, potent inhibitor of the...
Sacituzumab Govitecan Receives Fast Track Designation for Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Therapy
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has granted Fast Track designation to Immunomedics’ lead antibody-drug conjugate sacituzumab govitecan (IMMU-132) for the treatment of patients with relapsed/refractory metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have failed two prior lines of ...
AUA 2015: Studies Evaluate Effectiveness of Active Surveillance in Prostate Cancer Patients
Active surveillance has become a viable option for many men with low-risk prostate cancer who choose not to undergo active treatment such as surgery or radiotherapy. Four studies evaluating effectiveness, trends, and other considerations for active surveillance in managing prostate cancer were...
AUA 2015: New Studies Call for Smarter Approach to Prostate Cancer Screening
Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in American men, yet controversy over the utilization and frequency of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening methods remains, due to the overdiagnosis and overtreatment of men with low-grade, less-aggressive forms of the disease. At the 110th...
AUA 2015: Sperm Banking Rates Increase With Fertility Counseling for Cancer Patients
Fertility counseling for men with cancer, prior to initiating treatment, can increase the rate of sperm preservation, according to a new survey by Rotker et al presented during the 110th Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Urological Association (AUA; Abstract PD52-11). Chemotherapy can...
Urine-Based Test Improves on PSA for Detecting Prostate Cancer
A new urine-based test improved prostate cancer detection—including detecting more aggressive forms of prostate cancer—compared to traditional models based on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. The results were published by Tomlins et al in European Urology. The test, developed at ...
Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy Achieves Better Overall Survival Than Surgery in Stage I NSCLC
Patients with operable stage I non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) could achieve better overall survival rates if treated with stereotactic ablative radiotherapy rather than the invasive surgery, the current standard of care, according to research from a phase III randomized international...
ASCO 2015: Experimental Immunotherapy Shows High Response Rate in Advanced Lung Cancer
An early-phase study testing the anti–PD-L1 agent MPDL3280A in combination with standard chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has provided promising early results, prompting multiple phase III studies in lung cancer. The findings are being...
Study Finds Noninvasive Colon Cancer Screening May Be Promising for African Americans
In a first-of-its-kind clinical trial, physician-scientists at University Hospitals (UH) Case Medical Center, Seidman Cancer Center, and Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine found that a new, noninvasive technology for colon cancer screening is a promising alternative to colonoscopy...
ASCO Provisional Clinical Opinion Update: HBV Screening for Cancer Patients Before Cancer Therapy
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Hwang et al, ASCO has released a provisional clinical opinion update on screening of cancer patients for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection before cancer treatment to reduce the risk of HBV reactivation. The ASCO consensus panel providing the update ...
Nine-Valent HPV Vaccine Protects Against 80% of Cervical Cancers
The new nine-valent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine (Gardasil 9) can potentially prevent 80% of cervical cancers in the United States, if given to all 11- or 12-year-old children before they are exposed to the virus. Additionally, the new vaccine, which includes seven cancer-causing...
Certain Treatments for Childhood Cancer May Increase Obesity Risk Later in Life
Individuals who had cancer as a child may be at increased risk of being obese due to the therapies they received during their youth. The finding comes from a new study published early by Wilson et al in Cancer. The study’s results suggest the need for effective counseling and weight loss...
Androgen-Deprivation Therapy May Lead to Cognitive Impairment in Prostate Cancer Patients
Cognitive impairment can occur in cancer patients who are treated with a variety of therapies, including radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy. This side effect, when occurring with chemotherapy, is commonly referred to as “chemobrain.” Signs of cognitive impairment...
Study Shows Tomosynthesis Detects More Breast Cancers Than Traditional Mammography
One-view digital breast tomosynthesis detects 40% more breast cancers than two-view digital mammography does, according to a major screening study from Lund University in Sweden. The study’s results were published by Lång et al in European Radiology. This is the first large-scale study ...
ASCO 2015: Augmenting Standard Therapies Increases Cure Rates for High-Risk Wilms Tumor
Two phase III Children’s Oncology Group studies found that augmenting therapy with additional drugs improved outcomes for children with a high-risk form of Wilms tumor. These patients have a specific chromosomal abnormality associated with a poorer prognosis. In prior research, such patients...
ASCO 2015: Adding Chemotherapy to Initial Therapy Improves Survival in Patients With Advanced, Hormone-Naive Prostate Cancer
The UK-led STAMPEDE trial found that adding docetaxel chemotherapy to standard hormone therapy markedly improved survival for men with newly diagnosed advanced prostate cancer not previously treated with hormone therapy (hormone-naive). Men who received docetaxel plus standard therapy lived on...
ASCO 2015: Oral Vitamin Reduces Risk of Common Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers in High-Risk Patients
The Australian ONTRAC trial showed that a form of vitamin B3 called nicotinamide significantly reduced the rates of new skin cancers in people at high risk of the disease. Taken as a twice-daily pill, nicotinamide reduced the incidence of new nonmelanoma skin cancers by 23%. These findings were...
ASCO 2015: Adding Elotuzumab Significantly Reduces Risk of Progression for Relapsed Multiple Myeloma
Interim results of a phase III trial suggest an innovative immune-based therapy may offer a new option for patients with relapsed multiple myeloma. The new monoclonal antibody elotuzumab, added to standard lenalidomide (Revlimid) and dexamethasone therapy, extended the duration of remissions by...
Preclinical Study Points to Possible Treatment for Lethal Pediatric Brain Cancer
Using brain tumor samples collected from children in the United States and Europe, an international team of scientists found that the drug panobinostat (Farydak) and similar gene-regulating drugs may be effective at treating diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG), an aggressive and lethal form of...
Frequent Aspirin Use Reduces Risk of Cervical Cancer by Nearly Half
Long-term and frequent use of aspirin is associated with significantly decreased risk of cervical cancer, according to a study led by researchers at Roswell Park Cancer Institute and published by Friel et al in the Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease. Study Findings Aspirin use was associated...
FDA Grants Fast Track Designation to Evofosfamide for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Fast Track designation for the development of evofosfamide (TH-302), administered in combination with gemcitabine, for previously untreated patients with metastatic or locally advanced unresectable pancreatic cancer. Evofosfamide is an...
Cobas KRAS Mutation Test Receives FDA Approval
Roche announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the cobas KRAS Mutation Test for diagnostic use. The real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test is designed to identify KRAS mutations in tumor samples from patients with metastatic colorectal cancer and aid...
At-Risk Patients Often Opt Out of Comprehensive Multiplex Cancer Screening
Some at-risk patients opted out of comprehensive cancer gene screening when presented with the opportunity to be tested for the presence of genes linked to various cancers, according to a recent study led by researchers at the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania and the...
Progress Made in Discovering Link Between Aspirin Use and Colorectal Cancer Prevention
Taking aspirin reduces a person's risk of colorectal cancer, but the molecular mechanisms involved have remained unknown, until a recent discovery by researchers at The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota. These findings were published by Li et al in EBioMedicine. EGFR and COX-2 Association ...
Weak Sunlight Exposure May Be a Risk Factor in Pancreatic Cancer
Researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine recently found that pancreatic cancer rates are highest in countries with the least amount of sunlight. These findings were published by Garland et al in The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. “If...
Two-Week International Diet Swap Shows Potential Effects of Food on Colon Cancer Risk
African Americans and Africans who swapped their typical diets for just 2 weeks similarly exchanged their respective risks of colon cancer, as reflected by alterations of their gut bacteria, according to an international study led by researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of...
ASCO Endorses ASTRO Guideline on External-Beam Radiotherapy for Patients With Locally Advanced NSCLC
ASCO issued an endorsement of the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) evidence-based guideline on external-beam radiotherapy for patients with locally advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The ASCO endorsement was published by Bezjak et al in the Journal of Clinical...
Venetoclax Receives Breakthrough Therapy Designation in Relapsed/Refractory CLL With 17p Deletion
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has granted Breakthrough Therapy designation to AbbVie’s investigational agent venetoclax (ABT-199) for the treatment of relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in patients with the 17p deletion. Venetoclax is an investigational oral...
Population-Based Study Finds Patients With Gastrointestinal Tumors at Higher Risk of Other Cancers
Researchers at the University of California (UC) San Diego School of Medicine conducted the first population-based study that characterizes the association and temporal relationship between gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and other cancers. The results, published by Murphy et al in Cancer,...
Study Recommends Brain Cancer Patients Be Screened for Depression
Depression in brain cancer patients is a common but often overlooked condition, and oncologists should regularly screen tumor patients for depression, according to an article by Pranckeviciene and Bunevicius in CNS Oncology. The authors, both of the Lithuanian University of Health Sciences,...
Multigene Panel Testing Provides Broader Information About Breast Cancer Risk
For women with a family history of breast cancer, new multigene panel testing yields greater information about cancer risk while assessing deleterious BRCA1/2 mutations as accurately as BRCA testing alone, according to a study presented at the American Society of Breast Surgeons Annual Meeting....
Surgical Interventions for Terminal Cancer Patients Remain Prevalent
The number of surgeries performed on terminally ill cancer patients has not dropped in recent years, despite more attention to the importance of less invasive care for these patients to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life. But new research from the University of California, Davis, also...
Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy as Safe as More Radical Procedures for Appropriate Patients
Mastectomies that preserve the nipple and an envelope of breast skin are as safe as more radical breast cancer operations for qualifying patient populations, according to one of the largest meta-analyses of studies involving women treated with this increasingly popular approach. Speaking at the...
Bilateral Prophylactic Mastectomy Rarely More Cost-Effective Than Screening Mammography for High-Risk Women
Annual screening mammography is significantly more cost-effective than bilateral prophylactic mastectomy in managing the care of most women at high risk for breast cancer. Women with a known BRCA gene mutation, which carries an exceptionally high risk, are a notable exception. These were the...
Overnight Fasting May Reduce Breast Cancer Risk in Women
A decrease in the amount of time spent eating and an increase in overnight fasting reduces glucose levels and may reduce the risk of breast cancer among women. Researchers at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine reported these findings in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &...
Childhood Cancer Survivors More Likely to Claim Social Security Support as Adults
Today, more than 80% of childhood cancer patients survive because of advances in treatment and care. However, recent studies have shown that some of these more than 420,000 United States childhood cancer survivors face future health-related challenges as they become adults such as a second cancer...
FDA Accepts Supplemental Biologics License Application for Nivolumab in Patients With Previously Untreated Advanced Melanoma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has accepted for filing and review Bristol-Myers Squibb’s supplemental Biologics License Application (sBLA) for nivolumab (Opdivo) for the treatment of previously untreated patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma. The FDA also granted...
Two Studies Examine the Significant Postoperative Risk of Life-Threatening Blood Clots in Patients With Lung Cancer
New evidence suggests that patients with lung cancer who undergo surgery are at higher risk of developing venous thromboembolism, including deep-vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, than previously thought, with elevated risks of complications or death. When thromboemboli occur, they may be...
