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Showing 201 - 250Lung Cancer Screening Prevalence Among Eligible U.S. Individuals
In a study reported in JAMA Internal Medicine, Bandi et al found that only 18% of eligible individuals in the United States were considered up to date—defined as undergoing screening within the past year—for recommended annual lung cancer screening in 2022. As stated by the investigators, “The U.S. ...
Low-Risk Prostate Cancer: Disease-Free Survival With Hypofractionated vs Conventionally Fractionated Radiotherapy
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by W. Robert Lee, MD, MS, and colleagues, a 12-year analysis of the phase III NRG Oncology RTOG 0415 trial has shown continued noninferiority in terms of disease-free survival with hypofractionated radiotherapy vs conventionally fractionated...
Can Methylphenidate Be Used to Treat Fatigue in Patients With Advanced Cancer?
In a UK trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Stone et al found that the stimulant methylphenidate did not significantly improve fatigue vs placebo in patients with advanced cancers receiving palliative care. Study Details In the double-blind multicenter study, 159 patients with...
First-Line Venetoclax Combinations in Fit Patients With CLL
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Fürstenau et al, 4-year follow-up of the phase III GAIA/CLL13 trial showed improved progression-free survival with venetoclax/obinutuzumab and venetoclax/obinutuzumab/ibrutinib vs both chemoimmunotherapy and venetoclax/rituximab in the first-line treatment of...
Nogapendekin Alfa Inbakicept-pmln for BCG-Unresponsive Non–Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
On April 22, 2024, the interleukin-15 receptor agonist nogapendekin alfa inbakicept-pmln was approved for use with bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) for adults with BCG-unresponsive non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer with carcinoma in situ with or without papillary tumors.1 Supporting Efficacy Data...
Tepotinib for Metastatic NSCLC With MET Exon 14–Skipping Alterations
On February 15, 2024, tepotinib (Tepmetko)-—a kinase inhibitor directed against MET, including variants with exon 14 skipping—was granted regular approval for patients with metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) exon 14–skipping ...
New Risk Stratification Model for Waldenström’s Macroglobulinemia
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Zanwar et al developed a prognostic model for overall survival in patients with Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia based on age, albumin level, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level. Study Details In the study, data from 889 consecutive treatment-naive...
Prostate Cancer: Adjuvant Radiotherapy With 6 Months of ADT vs No ADT
In a component of the phase III RADICALS-HD trial reported in The Lancet, Chris C. Parker, MD, and colleagues found that metastasis-free survival was not significantly improved with 6 months of androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) vs no ADT together with adjuvant radiotherapy in patients with...
Childhood Cancer Survivors: Burden of Cardiovascular Disease and Risk of Major Cardiovascular Events
In an analysis from the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study (SJLIFE) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Hammoud et al found that survivors of childhood cancer had a greater risk of major adverse cardiovascular events vs matched community controls, and that an increasing burden of nonmajor events increased ...
PROs From the HIMALAYA Trial in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Sangro et al, patient-reported outcome (PRO) analysis in the phase III HIMALAYA trial showed that tremelimumab/durvalumab and durvalumab produced better outcomes than sorafenib in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The trial ...
Chemotherapy Administration and Survival in Patients With Very Advanced Solid Tumors
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Canavan et al found no differences in overall survival between oncology practices that were more vs less likely to provide chemotherapy within the last 2 weeks of life to patients with very advanced solid tumors. As stated by the investigators, “ASCO and the...
Aspirin as Adjuvant Therapy for Breast Cancer
As reported in JAMA by Wendy Y. Chen, MD, MPH, and colleagues, interim analysis of the phase III Alliance A011502 trial has shown no invasive disease–free survival benefit with adjuvant aspirin vs placebo in patients with high-risk nonmetastatic breast cancer. The trial was suspended early due to...
IMRT Reirradiation Plus Nivolumab in Recurrent or Second Primary Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
In a phase II study reported in JAMA Oncology, Saba et al found that the addition of nivolumab to intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) reirradiation improved progression-free survival in patients with recurrent or second primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. ...
Adjuvant Radiotherapy With 24 vs 6 Months of ADT in Prostate Cancer
In a component of the phase III RADICALS-HD trial reported in The Lancet, Parker et al found that metastasis-free survival was improved with the addition of 24 months vs 6 months of androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) to adjuvant radiotherapy in prostate cancer. A second component of the trial, not...
Risk Factors and Outcomes Among Women With Interval vs Screen-Detected Breast Cancer
In a Korean study reported in JAMA Network Open, Song et al identified risk factors for interval breast cancer vs screen-detected breast cancer and described mortality outcomes for women in the two categories. Study Details The retrospective cohort study used data from the Korean National Health...
Cancer Incidence, Curative Treatment, and Overall Survival in the English Prison Population
In a study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Lüchtenborg et al found that the incidence of cancer increased in the prison population in England between 1998 and 2017; those with cancer were less likely to receive curative treatment and had poorer overall survival vs patients with cancer in the...
Advanced Ovarian Cancer: Adding Ruxolitinib to Front-Line Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Plus Interval Debulking Surgery
In a phase I/II NRG Oncology Group study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Landen et al found that the addition of ruxolitinib to front-line paclitaxel/carboplatin neoadjuvant chemotherapy and interval debulking surgery improved progression-free survival in patients with stage III to IV ...
Early Breast Cancer: ALND or SLNB for ypN-Positive Disease After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
In an analysis of clinical trials reported in a research letter in JAMA Oncology, Brooks et al found no differences in long-term outcomes with the use of axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) vs sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB)—usually paired with adjuvant radiotherapy—among patients with breast...
Interval Between First Colonoscopy With Negative Findings and Repeat Colonoscopy
In a Swedish cohort study reported in JAMA Oncology, Liang et al found that among individuals with no family history of colorectal cancer and a negative first screening colonoscopy, the interval to repeat colonoscopy could be extended beyond the currently recommended 10 years. Study Details The...
KEYNOTE-564: Adjuvant Pembrolizumab Improves Overall Survival vs Placebo in Renal Cell Carcinoma
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Toni K. Choueiri, MD, FASCO, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, and colleagues, the third prespecified interim analysis of overall survival in the phase III KEYNOTE-564 trial has shown significant benefit with adjuvant...
ALINA Trial: Adjuvant Alectinib Improves Survival vs Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in ALK-Positive NSCLC
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Yi‑Long Wu, MD, of Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, and colleagues, the phase III ALINA trial has shown significantly improved disease-free survival with adjuvant alectinib vs platinum-based chemotherapy...
Noninferiority of Simple vs Radical Hysterectomy for Pelvic Recurrence in Low-Risk Cervical Cancer
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Marie Plante, MD, of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Quebec, and colleagues, the phase III CX.5 SHAPE trial has shown noninferiority of simple vs radical hysterectomy in the frequency of pelvic recurrence in women with low-risk cervical...
Atezolizumab/Cabozantinib vs Docetaxel in Previously Treated Metastatic NSCLC
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Joel Neal, MD, PhD, and colleagues, the phase III CONTACT-01 trial has shown no significant improvement in overall survival with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor atezolizumab (multiple targets, including MET, AXL, VEGFR2, RET, and FLT) plus the...
Use of Topical Diclofenac Gel to Prevent Capecitabine-Associated Hand-Foot Syndrome
In an Indian single-center phase III trial (D-TORCH) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Santhosh et al found that the nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory topical diclofenac gel significantly reduced the risk of capecitabine-associated hand-foot syndrome vs placebo gel in patients with breast ...
Pembrolizumab in High-Risk Non–Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Andrea Necchi, MD, and colleagues, findings in cohort B of the phase II KEYNOTE-057 study indicated that pembrolizumab was active in patients with bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-unresponsive, high-risk non–muscle invasive bladder cancer. As noted by the...
Outcomes for Cancer Drugs Initially FDA-Approved With Immature Overall Survival Data
In a study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Naci et al identified the degree to which initial U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approvals of cancer drugs based on immature overall survival data were subsequently followed by reporting of overall survival results. Study Details The study...
Advanced Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer: Addition of Relatlimab to Immunochemotherapy
In the phase II RELATIVITY-060 study, results of which were reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Susanna Hegewisch-Becker, MD, PhD, and colleagues found that the addition of the LAG-3–blocking antibody relatlimab to first-line nivolumab plus chemotherapy did not improve the objective...
Adding Perioperative Nivolumab to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Resectable NSCLC: CheckMate 77T
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Tina Cascone, MD, PhD, and colleagues, interim analysis in the phase III CheckMate 77T trial has shown that the addition of perioperative nivolumab to neoadjuvant chemotherapy improved event-free survival in patients with resectable non–small...
Nivolumab/Ipilimumab Boost in Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma
In a German-Austrian phase II study (TITAN-TCC) reported in JAMA Oncology, Grimm et al described outcomes with the use of nivolumab plus ipilimumab as an immunotherapeutic boost in metastatic urothelial carcinoma. Study Details In the multicenter trial, 169 patients were enrolled into two cohorts...
Pertuzumab Plus Trastuzumab for Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer With HER2/3 Alterations
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Cannon et al, findings in a cohort of the phase II Targeted Agent and Profiling Utilization Registry (TAPUR) basket study showed that the combination of pertuzumab and trastuzumab was active in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer with...
Multiple Myeloma: Is MRD Status at 1 Year After Treatment Predictive of Survival?
Results from the Prognostic Immunophenotyping in Myeloma Response (PRIMeR) study, reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Marcelo C. Pasquini, MD, MS, and colleagues, found that undetectable measurable residual disease (MRD) status at 1 year after autologous hematopoietic cell...
Definitive Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy for Unresectable Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancer: Comparison of Agents
In a Chinese phase III trial (CRTCOESC) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Jia et al found that neither capecitabine nor XELOX (capecitabine, oxaliplatin) improved 2-year overall survival vs cisplatin/fluorouracil as part of definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with...
Donepezil for the Treatment of Cognitive Impairment in Breast Cancer Survivors After Adjuvant Chemotherapy
In the phase III WF-97116 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Rapp et al found that treatment with the cognitive enhancer donepezil did not improve memory or other cognitive functions vs placebo in breast cancer survivors with cancer-related cognitive impairment 1 to 5 years after...
Previously Untreated Mantle Cell Lymphoma: Ibrutinib, Immunochemotherapy, and ASCT
As reported in The Lancet by Martin Dreyling, MD, PhD, and colleagues, results in the European Mantle Cell Lymphoma Network phase III TRIANGLE trial indicate that the addition of ibrutinib to immunochemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) significantly improved failure-free...
Marker for Distinguishing Renal Cell Carcinoma From Benign Renal Masses
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Xu et al found that higher levels of preoperative plasma kidney injury molecule-1 (pKIM-1) distinguished renal cell carcinoma from benign renal masses. As stated by the investigators, “Both clear cell and papillary renal cell carcinoma...
T-DXd for Advanced Solid Tumors With Activating HER2 Mutations
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Bob T. Li, MD, PhD, MPH, and colleagues, the phase II DESTINY-PanTumor01 trial showed activity of fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan-nxki (T-DXd) in patients with unresectable or metastatic solid tumors that have specific activating HER2 mutations. The antibody-drug...
Childhood Cancer Survivors: Genetic Risk Factors for Treatment-Related Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Im et al found that genetic variants associated with a risk of treatment-related type 2 diabetes mellitus among childhood cancer survivors of African or European ancestry posed a higher risk of diabetes among those of African ancestry. As...
Lymphoid Neoplasms: European National Health Expenditure and Long-Term Survival
In an analysis of the EUROCARE-6 data set reported in The Lancet Oncology, Milena Sant, MD, and colleagues found that patients with lymphoid neoplasms from European countries with greater health expenditure had improved 10-year age-standardized relative survival. Study Details The study involved...
Doublet for Previously Treated Patients With Advanced Leiomyosarcoma
In a phase Ib study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Van Tine et al established the recommended phase II dose of oral unesbulin in combination with dacarbazine for patients with locally recurrent, unresectable or metastatic, relapsed or refractory leiomyosarcoma. Unesbulin is a small...
Pirtobrutinib in Patients With Previously Treated Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia/Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma
On December 1, 2023, pirtobrutinib (Jaypirca), a selective, noncovalent Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor that inhibits both wild-type and C481-mutant BTK with equal low nanomolar potency and is designed to address several of the limitations of covalent BTK inhibitors, was granted...
Pembrolizumab/Chemotherapy for Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer
On October 31, 2023, pembrolizumab (Keytruda) was approved for use with gemcitabine/cisplatin in first-line treatment of patients with locally advanced unresectable or metastatic biliary tract cancer.1 Supporting Efficacy Data Approval was based on the double-blind KEYNOTE-966 trial...
Belzutifan in Previously Treated Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
On December 14, 2023, the hypoxia-inducible factor inhibitor belzutifan (Welireg) was approved for patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma with disease progression on previous treatment with a PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitor and a vascular endothelial...
Enfortumab Vedotin-ejfv Plus Pembrolizumab Improves Survival vs Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in Advanced Urothelial Cancer
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Thomas Powles, MD, Barts Cancer Institute Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, and colleagues, the phase III EV-302 trial has shown that the combination of the antibody–drug conjugate enfortumab vedotin-ejfv, which is...
Cell-Free DNA Blood-Based Test and Next-Generation Multitarget Stool DNA Test in Colorectal Cancer Screening
In two studies reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, investigators found that a cell-free DNA (cfDNA) blood-based test (ECLIPSE study)1 and a next-generation multitarget stool DNA test (BLUE-C study)2 both showed high sensitivity for colorectal cancer and high specificity for advanced...
Whole-Pelvic Radiation Therapy for Unfavorable-Risk Prostate Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Sayan et al, analysis of long-term findings from the phase III Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Trial 05-043 showed that whole-pelvic radiation therapy (WPRT) was associated with favorable survival outcomes vs prostate-only radiation therapy (PORT)...
Head and Neck Cancer: Osteoradionecrosis of the Jaw Classification System
In a single-institution study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Watson et al identified risk factors for osteoradionecrosis of the jaw and developed a classification system for the condition in patients receiving radiation therapy for head and neck cancer. Study Details The study...
Impact of Age on Outcomes in Endometrial Cancer
In an analysis of data from the PORTEC-1, -2, and -3 trials reported in The Lancet Oncology, Wakkerman et al found that older age was associated with more aggressive tumor features and poorer outcomes in patients with endometrial cancer. Study Details The analysis included data from 1,801...
Addition of Durvalumab to Gemcitabine/Cisplatin in Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer: PROs in TOPAZ-1
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Howard A. Burris III, MD, FACP, FASCO, and colleagues, a patient-reported outcome (PRO) analysis from the phase III TOPAZ-1 trial showed no “detrimental effect” with the addition of durvalumab to gemcitabine/cisplatin in patients with advanced biliary tract...
Omission of Axillary Dissection After Nodal Downstaging With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer
In a retrospective cohort study reported in JAMA Oncology, Montagna et al found that patients with breast cancer with nodal downstaging after neoadjuvant chemotherapy had a low rate of axillary recurrence, with no difference observed for staging with targeted axillary dissection vs sentinel lymph...
Local Recurrence of Endometrial Cancer: Radiotherapy With or Without Cisplatin
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Ann H. Klopp, MD, PhD, and colleagues, results from an NRG Oncology/GOG trial showed “excellent” progression-free survival outcomes with radiation therapy alone for local recurrences of endometrial cancer, with the addition of cisplatin in...
