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Showing 1551 - 1600Combining Two FDA-Approved Diagnostic Tests Increased Detection of High-Grade Cervicovaginal Lesions
Cytopathology researchers at Houston Methodist Hospital recently found that combining two diagnostic tests—the Papanicolau (Pap) and high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV)—dramatically decreased the chance of missing tumors and high-grade lesions by sevenfold. Zhou et al published...
The Parker Foundation Launches the Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy With a $250 Million Grant
On April 13, The Parker Foundation announced a $250 million grant to launch the Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, a collaboration between scientists, clinicians, and industry partners to lead an unprecedented cancer immunotherapy research effort. The gift is the largest single contribution ...
AUA 2016: BRCA Gene Mutations Associated With Increased Prostate Cancer Risk
Though predominantly known for their increased associations with breast cancer risk, germline mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are also associated with an increased susceptibility to other diseases, including prostate cancer. New data being presented during the 111th Annual Scientific Meeting ...
Breaking Down Dogma With the Outgoing President of SGO
At the 2016 Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer, The ASCO Post sat down with the SGO’s outgoing President, Robert L. Coleman, MD, and discussed the revolutionary potential of blood biomarkers, why enhanced recovery after surgery protocols is a significant...
Study Finds Cancer Mortality Risks From Long-Term Exposure to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter
Long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter, a mixture of environmental pollutants, was associated with increased risk of mortality for many types of cancer in an elderly Hong Kong population, according to a study published by Wong et al in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &...
PTK2/FAK as Driver of Radioresistance in HPV-Negative Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
As reported in Clinical Cancer Research, Skinner and colleagues used proteomic profiling to identify PTK2/FAK as a driver of radioresistance in human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Using proteomic and transcriptomic analysis of targetable markers, the...
Radiation: Myths, Facts, Dangers and Benefits
For many, the word “radiation” conjures up images of mushroom clouds and the nightmarish nuclear disaster at Chernobyl. It also brings to mind those pesky dental x-rays and lifesaving cancer treatments. However, to most people, radiation is a mysterious invisible power to be feared and embraced...
AACR 2016: Genomic Variants May Influence Risk for Breast Cancer After Chest Radiotherapy to Treat Childhood Cancer
Among females who received radiotherapy to the chest as part of treatment for a childhood cancer, those who had either of two specific genetic variants were at significantly higher risk of developing breast cancer later in life, according to research presented by Morton et al at the 2016 AACR...
AACR 2016: Cologuard Detected Colorectal Cancer in Previously Unscreened Patients
A noninvasive colorectal cancer-screening test detected the disease in patients who had previously avoided more invasive screening measures, according to research presented by Prince et al at the 2016 AACR Annual Meeting (Abstract LB-296). The study of nearly 400 patients revealed four patients...
Transcription Factor CDX2 May Be a Prognostic Biomarker in Stage II and III Colon Cancer
In a study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Piero Dalerba, MD, of Columbia University, and colleagues found that absence of the transcription factor CDX2 was prognostic for poor outcome in patients with stage II and III colon cancer vs cancers with CDX2 expression.1 However,...
Expert Point of View: Douglas A. Levine, MD
In the discussion session, Douglas A. Levine, MD, Head of Gynecology Research Laboratory at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, said that while advanced genomics can help to predict outcomes, stratify treatment, and understand biology, one of the problems of precision medicine is that...
Liquid Biopsies Predict Treatment Response and Survival in Gynecologic Cancers
A new study has demonstrated for the first time that personalized circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) biomarkers in gynecologic cancers can detect the presence of residual tumor earlier than currently used serum and imaging studies.1,2 According to the data, undetectable levels of ctDNA at the completion ...
Genetic Testing in Women With Ovarian Cancer Helps to Determine Prognosis
A new study suggests that homologous recombination deficiency may have significant prognostic implications for patients with ovarian cancer, highlighting the importance of genetic testing in this population.1 According to the data, patients with ovarian cancer who have mutations in genes affecting...
Novel Strategies Emerging for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Compelling hypotheses are emerging about the mechanisms driving triple-negative breast cancer, and they are driving drug development in this area, according to Joyce O’Shaughnessy, MD, Celebrating Women Chair of Breast Cancer Research at Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center. She is also Medical...
ELCC 2016: Studies Confirm Benefit of Plasma Genotyping to Predict Treatment Benefit in Patients With Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
The benefit of plasma genotyping to predict treatment benefit in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was confirmed in three studies presented April 15 at the European Lung Cancer Conference (ELCC) 2016 in Geneva. However, researchers warned that plasma tests are unlikely to fully ...
The Parker Foundation Launches the Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy With a $250 Million Grant
On April 13, The Parker Foundation announced a $250 million grant to launch the Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, a collaboration between scientists, clinicians, and industry partners to lead an unprecedented cancer immunotherapy research effort. The gift is the largest single contribution ...
David B. Roth, MD, PhD, Named Director of New Penn Center for Precision Medicine
David B. Roth, MD, PhD, has been appointed Director of the new Penn Center for Precision Medicine. In his new role, he will lead efforts to accelerate the implementation of precision medicine into clinical care. Dr. Roth is an expert in DNA repair and mechanisms of programmed gene rearrangements...
Phase Ib/II Study Reports High Response Rates Seen With Addition of Cisplatin to Regimen for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
The oncology research team at HonorHealth Research Institute in Scottsdale, Arizona, is spearheading a phase Ib/II trial that is demonstrating promising results with a novel regimen in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. “The patients we are treating have advanced adenocarcinoma of the...
Samuel Waxman Cancer Research Foundation Appoints Robert Hromas, MD, to Its Scientific Advisory Board
The Samuel Waxman Cancer Research Foundation (SWCRF) announced the addition of cancer researcher Robert Hromas, MD, Chair of Medicine at University of Florida Health, to its scientific advisory board (SAB). Dr. Hromas, who continues his position at the University of Florida Health, will join his...
Breast Cancer Vaccines Moving Forward at a Fast Clip
Vaccines for both secondary and primary prevention of breast cancer are showing potential in clinical trials, according to Elizabeth A. Mittendorf, MD, PhD, who is leading much of the vaccine research at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston. Vaccine platforms being explored...
Trabectedin Improves Progression-Free Survival in Uterine Leiomyosarcoma
In women with uterine leiomyosarcoma, trabectedin (Yondelis), a novel cytotoxic agent, significantly improved progression-free survival, compared with dacarbazine (4.2 vs 1.5 months, hazard ratio [HR] = 0.55, P < .001). According to the study’s authors, a lack of cumulative toxicity allows...
PET Probe [18F]CFA Detects Deoxycytidine Kinase Activity, May Lead to New Ways to Improve Response to Treatment
A promising new discovery by University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) scientists could lead to a new method of identifying cancer patients whose disease expresses high levels of an enzyme and who are more likely to respond to particular treatments. Their findings were published by Kim et al in...
Study Explores Genomic and Transcriptomic Features of Anti–PD-1 Resistance in Advanced Melanoma
Immunotherapy using anti–programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) antibodies has revolutionized the treatment of advanced melanoma and a growing list of other cancers. But 60% to 70% of melanoma tumors are resistant to anti–PD-1 antibodies, and there is an urgent need to understand how to...
‘Know Your Tumor’ Program Aids Patients With Pancreatic Cancer
Patients with pancreatic cancer can obtain molecular tumor profiling through the Pancreatic Cancer Action Network’s Know Your TumorSM precision medicine initiative, a partnership with Perthera, a personalized medicine service company that facilitates the multi-omic profiling and generates the...
Studies Evaluate Bevacizumab-Containing Regimens in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Two trials reported at the 2016 Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium evaluated bevacizumab (Avastin)-containing regimens in the first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer and supported some, but not all, previous findings. The STEAM trial found some numerical differences but no...
Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer: PARP Inhibitors and Defects in DNA Repair
New data on molecular biomarkers in advanced prostate cancer are accumulating at a fast pace. The studies in this area can now be broadly grouped in two distinct areas—those that broadly relate to androgen signaling and those that relate to DNA-repair pathways. The Androgen-Signaling Pathway With...
PARP Inhibitor Olaparib Produces High Response Rate in Metastatic Prostate Cancer With DNA-Repair Defects
In the TOPARP-A phase II trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Joaquin Mateo, MD, of the Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden in London, and colleagues, found that the PARP inhibitor olaparib (Lynparza) produced a high response rate in patients with previously treated ...
2016 Pre–Annual Meeting Educational Programs Feature Important Topics for Modern Cancer Care Providers
For oncology professionals looking to maximize their learning and networking opportunities, ASCO will be offering two types of Pre–Annual Meeting Educational Programs ahead of its 2016 Annual Meeting in Chicago this summer. Offered since 2012, Pre–Annual Meeting Seminars are a series of in-depth...
Mutational Profile May Impact Treatment Decisions for Smokers With Human Papillomavirus–Positive Oropharyngeal Cancer
Smokers whose oropharyngeal tumors are positive for the human papillomavirus (HPV) might need more aggressive treatment for their disease, according to research presented by Jose Zevallos, MD, at the 2016 Multidisciplinary Head and Neck Cancer Symposium in Scottsdale, Arizona.1 Over time,...
Surgeons—Yes, Surgeons—Have a Role in Translational Cancer Research
Surgeons are clearly more comfortable in the operating room than the laboratory, but there is a place for them in translational cancer research as well, according to one surgeon who has led cutting-edge research in pancreatic cancer. “Translational studies require access to patients, to tissue, and ...
SGO 2016: Advanced Ovarian Cancer Caused by Genetic Mutations Linked to Better PFS and OS Following Treatment Including Bevacizumab
Women with advanced ovarian cancer caused by genetic mutations—including in BRCA1 and BRCA2—lived significantly longer than those who did not have a mutation following treatment with a chemotherapy regimen that included bevacizumab (Avastin). According to a study, those with BRCA1 and a ...
Specific Form of CYP3A7 Gene Associated With Poor Outcomes for Patients With Several Cancer Types
Among patients with breast cancer, lung cancer, or chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), those who had a specific form of the CYP3A7 gene (CYP3A7*1C) had worse outcomes compared with those who did not have CYP3A7*1C. This may be related to how the patients metabolize the therapeutics used to treat...
Study Evaluates Patient/Oncologist Perceptions of Whole-Exome Sequencing in Advanced Cancer
A majority of people with advanced cancer want to hear findings from DNA sequencing and to learn how those results may affect their health and treatment options, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute scientists report. Their findings were reported by Gray et al in Genetics in Medicine. The discovery...
Adding Palbociclib to Fulvestrant Prolongs Progression-Free Survival in Hormone Receptor–Positive, HER2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Cristofanilli et al, the final results of the phase III PALOMA-3 trial show that the addition of the CDK4/CDK6 inhibitor palbociclib (Ibrance) to fulvestrant (Faslodex) improved progression-free survival in women with hormone receptor–positive,...
Combination Therapy May Be Better Than Radiotherapy Alone to Treat Aggressive Brain Cancer, According to Early Study
Radiotherapy effectively damages brain tumors, but the cancer cells can repair themselves in order to live on. Now, researchers at Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Thomas Jefferson University have tested a strategy that combines radiotherapy with a drug that shuts down the ability of tumor to mend...
Researchers Find Possible Association Between Oral Bacteria and Esophageal Cancer
University of Louisville School of Dentistry researchers have found that a bacterial species responsible for gum disease, Porphyromonas gingivalis, is present in 61% of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The findings, published by Gao et al in Infectious Agents and Cancer, only...
‘Red-Flag’ Symptoms That Could Signal Colorectal Cancer in Patients Under 50 Years Old Should Be Taken Seriously
In clinical practice, Samantha Hendren, MD, MPH, has been “shocked by what a large proportion of patients we are seeing who are under 50 and presenting with colorectal cancer,” often with advanced disease due to delayed diagnosis. “And that is because patients and physicians don’t even think of...
Comprehensive Genomic Analysis Reveals New Genetic Insights Into Malignant Mesothelioma
Malignant mesothelioma is a rare but deadly form of cancer; the 5-year survival rate for patients diagnosed with the disease is between 5% and 10%. Although aggressive surgery can help some patients with early-stage mesothelioma, current treatments for patients with more advanced mesothelioma are...
Conquer Cancer Foundation–Funded Research Published in High-Impact Journals
The Conquer Cancer Foundation of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (CCF) encourages grantees to share the results of their research to help advance progress against cancer. Publication in peer-reviewed journals is one of the most important ways for scientists to achieve recognition. That...
Study Links Normal Stem Cells to Aggressive Prostate Cancer
A study that revealed new findings about prostate cells may point to future strategies for treating aggressive and therapy-resistant forms of prostate cancer. The study proved that the prostate basal cell layer contains adult stem cells, which possess a unique gene-expression profile resembling the ...
2016 Head and Neck Cancer Symposium: Study Maps Distinct Molecular Signatures of HPV-Positive Throat Cancer by Smoking Status
Patients with throat cancer exposed to both human papillomavirus (HPV) and tobacco smoke demonstrate a pattern of mutations along several key cancer genes, according to research presented by Zevallos et al at the 2016 Multidisciplinary Head and Neck Cancer Symposium (Abstract 1). These distinct...
Updated Guidelines Recommend That Patients With Colorectal Cancer Undergo Colonoscopy After Cancer Resection
According to new recommendations from the U.S. Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer published by Kahi et al in Gastroenterology, postoperative colonoscopy is associated with improved overall survival for colorectal cancer patients. Therefore, it is critically important that colorectal...
The Sohn Conference Foundation Unveils The Sohn Precision Medicine Program at Columbia University Medical Center
The Sohn Conference Foundation unveiled The Sohn Precision Medicine Program at Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC) on January 14, 2016. Funded by a $1.5 million grant provided by The Sohn Conference Foundation over approximately a 3-year period, the Program will provide high-risk pediatric...
How Cancer and Its Treatments Affect Cognitive Function
Although chemotherapy is often cited as the main culprit for diminishing cognitive function in patients with cancer, ushering the term “chemobrain” into the vernacular, research by Tim A. Ahles, PhD, and his colleagues is showing that multiple factors may contribute to the condition.1 Using breast...
Transcription Factor CDX2 May Be Prognostic Biomarker in Stage II and III Colon Cancer
In a study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Dalerba et al found that absence of the transcription factor CDX2, although prognostic for poor outcome in stage II and III colon cancer vs cancers with CDX2 expression, identified a subgroup of high-risk patients who appeared to benefit...
New Assay Detects Persistent Disease in Leukemia Patients Thought to Be in Remission
The outcomes of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) have dramatically improved as the result of tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment. Use of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor regimen can lower the blood CML biomarker to levels imperceptible by current detection methods. For patients in “molecular...
Abnormal Fused Gene Is a Triple Threat in Driving Pediatric Brain Tumors
Oncology researchers have discovered that an abnormal fused gene that drives pediatric brain tumors poses a triple threat, operating simultaneously through three distinct biologic mechanisms—the first such example in cancer biology. The study was published by Bandopadhayay et al in Nature...
Andrew James Martin, PhD, and Anthony J. Olszanski, RPh, MD, on Oral Nicotinamide to Reduce Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers
Andrew James Martin, PhD, of NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, and Anthony J. Olszanski, RPh, MD, of Fox Chase Cancer Center, discuss a form of vitamin B3 that reduced the incidence of new nonmelanoma skin cancers in high-risk patients (Abstract 9000).
Andrew James Martin, PhD, on Oral Nicotinamide for Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer
Andrew James Martin, PhD, of NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, discusses a form of vitamin B3 that reduced the incidence of new nonmelanoma skin cancers in high-risk patients (Abstract 9000).
Pasi A. Jänne, MD, PhD, on Integration of Next Generation Data Into the Clinic
Pasi A. Jänne, MD, PhD, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, summarizes a workshop he conducted on the state of the art in next-generation sequencing of lung cancer (Abstract WS 01.07).
