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Showing 14301 - 14350Addition of Bevacizumab to Standard Chemotherapy Does Not Improve Overall Survival in Newly Diagnosed Ovarian Cancer
Final overall survival results of the phase III ICON7 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology by Oza et al indicate no significant increase with the addition of bevacizumab (Avastin) to standard chemotherapy in women with newly diagnosed ovarian cancer. However, overall survival benefit of...
DNA Shed From Head and Neck Tumors Detected in Blood and Saliva
On the hunt for better cancer screening tests, Johns Hopkins scientists led a proof-of-principle study that successfully identified tumor DNA shed in the blood and saliva of 93 patients with head and neck cancer. A report on the findings was published by Wang et al in Science Translational...
Pembrolizumab Increases Progression-Free Survival vs Chemotherapy in Ipilimumab-Refractory Advanced Melanoma
In the randomized phase II KEYNOTE-002 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Ribas et al found that treatment with the anti–PD-1 antibody pembrolizumab (Keytruda) prolonged progression-free survival vs investigator-choice chemotherapy in patients with advanced melanoma progressing on...
Study Finds More Selective Ordering of Breast Biomarker Tests Could Save Millions in Health-Care Dollars
A review of medical records for almost 200 patients with breast cancer suggests that more selective use of biomarker testing for such patients has the potential to save millions of dollars in health-care spending without compromising care, according to Johns Hopkins researchers. Specifically,...
ASCO Endorses ASTRO Guideline on Radiation Therapy After Surgery for Endometrial Cancer
The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) issued an endorsement of the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) clinical practice guideline on postoperative radiation therapy for women with endometrial (uterine) cancer. The endorsement was published by Meyer et al in the Journal of...
Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors for Erectile Dysfunction Associated With Risk of Melanoma
In a study in Swedish men reported in JAMA, Loeb et al found a statistically significant increase in risk of malignant melanoma in those using oral phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors for erectile dysfunction. However, risk was not significantly elevated in men filling multiple PDE5...
Community-Based Trial Suggests No Benefit of Adding Thalidomide or Melphalan to Bortezomib-Based First-Line Treatment of Myeloma
In the U.S. community-based phase IIIB UPFRONT trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Niesvizky et al found no benefit of adding thalidomide (Thalomid) or melphalan to first-line bortezomib (Velcade)-based treatment in transplant-ineligible myeloma patients. Study Details In the...
Study Identifies Geographic Hot Spots With the Highest Colorectal Cancer Death Rates
Gains have been made in the overall reduction in the death rates of colorectal cancer in the United States. A new study by Siegel et al has identified three distinct geographic hot spots where colorectal cancer death rates remain elevated over other parts of the country. These hot spots were found...
ESMO World GI 2015: Studies Confirm Regorafenib Benefit in Pretreated Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
The phase IIIb CONSIGN trial has confirmed the benefit of regorafenib (Stivarga) in patients with previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer, researchers announced July 3 at the European Society for Medical Oncology World Congress on Gastrointestinal Cancer in Barcelona, Spain (Abstract...
Molecular Classification of Glioma Based on IDH Mutation, 1p/19q Codeletion, and TERT Promoter Mutation Status
In a study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Eckel-Passow et al identified a molecular classification scheme for gliomas based on IDH mutation, codeletion of chromosome arms 1p and 19q (1p/19q codeletion), and TERT promoter mutation status. Molecular Classification The study...
Chinese Study Finds Serum MicroRNA Classifier Better Than Alpha-Fetoprotein for Early Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
In a study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Lin et al developed a serum microRNA classifier that was more accurate than alpha-fetoprotein in detecting preclinical hepatocellular carcinoma. Study Details The study involved healthy controls, inactive hepatitis B surface antigen carriers,...
MASCC/ISOO 2015: Phase III Study of Single-Dose Fosaprepitant Dimeglumine in Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting
Researchers from Merck presented results from a phase III study investigating the safety and efficacy of single-dose fosaprepitant dimeglumine (Emend) for injection, a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist, in combination with other antivomiting medicines, for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced...
Better Outcome With Paclitaxel vs Nab-Paclitaxel or Ixabepilone Plus Bevacizumab in First-Line Treatment of Advanced Breast Cancer
In the phase III CALGB 40502/NCCTG N063H/Alliance trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Rugo et al found that outcomes in first-line treatment for advanced breast cancer were better with weekly paclitaxel plus bevacizumab (Avastin) compared with weekly nanoparticle albumin-bound...
Dutch Study Indicates No Survival Benefit of Adding Metformin to Gemcitabine-Erlotinib in Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
In a Dutch phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Kordes et al found that adding metformin to gemcitabine-erlotinib (Tarceva) did not improve overall survival in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Study Details In the double-blind study, 121 patients from four centers in the...
Phase II Trial Shows Activity of mTOR Inhibitor Ridaforolimus in Advanced Endometrial Carcinoma
In a randomized phase II trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Oza et al found that the mTOR inhibitor ridaforolimus was active in previously treated advanced endometrial carcinoma. Study Details In the open-label study, 130 patients with progressive disease after one or two lines...
Survival Benefit of Surgery Lower for Low-Grade vs Higher-Grade Ductal Carcinoma in Situ
In a population-based cohort study reported in JAMA Surgery, Sagara et al found that the breast cancer–specific survival benefit associated with surgery for low-grade ductal carcinoma in situ is lower than that associated with surgery for intermediate- or high-grade ductal carcinoma in situ. ...
Low Axillary Recurrence/Mortality Among Older Women With Node-Negative Breast Cancer Undergoing Breast-Conserving Surgery Without Sentinel Node Biopsy
In a single institution study reported in JAMA Surgery, Chung et al found a low axillary recurrence rate and low mortality among women with clinical T1–2N0 breast cancer aged ≥ 70 years who underwent breast-conserving surgery without sentinel node biopsy. Study Details The study involved ...
Four-Gene Model Predicts Response to Aromatase Inhibitor Therapy for Breast Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Turnbull et al identified a four-gene predictive model of response to aromatase inhibitor therapy that was highly predictive of response on the basis of pretreatment and 2-week on-treatment measurements. The classifier was a significant predictor of...
Phase II Trial Indicates No Benefit of Sorafenib, Temsirolimus, or Bevacizumab Doublets vs Bevacizumab Alone in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
In a randomized phase II trial (BEST; ECOG-ACRIN E2804) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Flaherty et al found that adding the VEGFR inhibitor sorafenib (Nexavar) or the mTOR inhibitor temsirolimus (Torisel) to the VEGF inhibitor bevacizumab (Avastin) or using sorafenib-temsirolimus in...
Phase II Study Shows Activity of Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor Alisertib in Relapsed/Refractory Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma
In a phase II Intergroup trial (SWOG 1108) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Barr et al found that the aurora A kinase inhibitor alisertib produced responses in patients with relapsed/refractory peripheral T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Aurora A kinase is upregulated in highly...
Adding Everolimus to First-Line Trastuzumab-Paclitaxel Does Not Increase Progression-Free Survival in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
In the phase III BOLERO-1 trial, reported in The Lancet Oncology, Hurvitz et al found that the addition of the mTOR inhibitor everolimus (Afinitor) to trastuzumab (Herceptin)-paclitaxel did not significantly increase progression-free survival among patients with HER2-positive advanced breast...
No Significant Overall Survival Benefit With Second-Line Ramucirumab After Sorafenib in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
In the phase III REACH trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Zhu et al found that the anti-VEGFR2 monoclonal antibody ramucirumab (Cyramza) did not significantly improve overall survival vs placebo in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma who had received first-line treatment with the...
Long-Term Follow-Up of E1199 Trial Shows Maintained Benefit of Adjuvant Weekly Paclitaxel in Breast Cancer, Particularly Triple-Negative Disease
In long-term follow-up of the phase III E1199 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Sparano et al, adjuvant weekly paclitaxel and every-3-week docetaxel were associated with significantly longer disease-free survival and numerically longer overall survival vs every-3-week paclitaxel ...
Transient Adverse Quality-of-Life Impact of Radiotherapy Added to Androgen-Deprivation Therapy in Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Brundage et al found that the addition of radiotherapy to androgen-deprivation therapy in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer in the NCIC CTG PR3/MRC PR07 trial had a transient negative impact on health-related quality of life over ...
Dabrafenib Plus Trametinib Improves Overall Survival vs Dabrafenib in BRAF V600–Mutant Melanoma
Overall survival results of a phase III COMBI-d trial reported in The Lancet by Long et al showed that the combination of the BRAF inhibitor dabrafenib (Tafinlar) with the MEK inhibitor trametinib (Mekinist) resulted in significantly prolonged overall survival vs dabrafenib alone in patients with...
Abdominal Blood Clots May Indicate Undiagnosed Cancer
New research published by Søgaard et al in Blood found that blood clots in the abdominal veins might be an indicator of undiagnosed cancer. The study also suggests that these clots predict poorer survival in patients with liver and pancreatic cancer. Clotting and Cancer Risk Compared to...
Whole-Exome Sequencing Identifies Biologically Informative Alterations in the Majority of Metastatic Cancers
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Beltran et al found that whole-exome sequencing of metastatic and treatment-resistant cancers revealed biologically informative alterations in the majority of cases. Although treatment recommendations could be made in the majority of cases, treatment was guided ...
ASCO 2015: Gene Therapy Paired With Traditional Surgical Resection Benefits Patients With Glioblastoma
Houston Methodist Neurological Institute neurosurgeon David Baskin, MD, presented preliminary data from a phase II clinical trial that suggests gene therapy (AdV-Tk therapy), which uses a mediated herpes simplex virus, combined with a traditional treatment—surgical resection—could ...
National Cancer Database Analysis Identifies Characteristics of 10-Year Survivors of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
In an analysis reported in JAMA Surgery, Paniccia et al identified patient and treatment characteristics that were associated with survival of at least 10 years after diagnosis of invasive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, including lower positive lymph node ratio, receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy, ...
Single Dose of HPV-16/18 Vaccine May Prevent Cervical Cancer
A single dose of the recombinant human papillomavirus (HPV) bivalent (types 16 and 18) vaccine (Cervarix) appears to be as effective in preventing certain HPV infections as three doses, the currently recommended course of vaccination, concluded a study published by Kreimer et al in The Lancet...
Pooled Analysis Shows Similar Efficacy of Nivolumab in BRAF V600–Mutant and BRAF Wild-Type Advanced Melanoma
A pooled analysis of four clinical trials of nivolumab (Opdivo) in advanced melanoma, reported by Larkin et al in JAMA Oncology, suggested similar response rates in patients with BRAF V600–mutant and BRAF wild-type disease. Study Details The retrospective analysis included data from adult...
Long-Term Follow-Up Suggests No Detrimental Survival Effect of Dexrazoxane in Pediatric Patients With Leukemia or Lymphoma
In an analysis of Children’s Oncology Group (COG) trials reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Chow et al found that dexrazoxane use did not appear to be associated with poorer survival among pediatric patients with leukemia or lymphoma in long-term follow-up. Study Details The...
Addition of Interferon Alfa-2b to MAP Does Not Meet Event-Free Survival Objective in Osteosarcoma With Good Response to Preoperative MAP
In the phase III EURAMOS-1 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Bielack et al found that the addition of postoperative pegylated interferon alfa-2b (Pegintron, Sylatron) to MAP (methotrexate, doxorubicin, and cisplatin) in patients with osteosarcoma showing good histologic response...
ASCO 2015: IMGN853 Demonstrates Single-Agent Activity for Patients With Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer
In a phase I trial, the investigational agent mirvetuximab soravtansine (IMGN853) was found to be active in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. ImmunoGen, Inc, announced the first clinical findings of this folate-receptor alpha (FRα)-targeting antibody-drug conjugate at the...
HPV Serum Antibodies May Predict Survival and Disease Progression in Patients With HPV-Positive Oropharyngeal Cancer
A study by Dahlstrom et al investigating the usefulness of serum antibodies to human papillomavirus (HPV)-16 DNA antigens as predictors of survival for patients with oropharyngeal carcinoma has found that E1, NE2, and E6 antibody positivity were all strongly associated with improved overall and...
French Trial Shows Addition of Docetaxel and Estramustine to ADT Improves Relapse-Free Survival in High-Risk Localized Prostate Cancer
In a French phase III trial (GETUG 12) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Fizazi et al found that the addition of docetaxel and estramustine (Emcyt) to androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) improved relapse-free survival among patients with high-risk localized prostate cancer. Study Details In the...
New Molecular Diagnostic Test Predicts Progression of Barrett's Esophagus to Esophageal Cancer
Interpace Diagnostics, a subsidiary of PDI, Inc, announced new data demonstrating the clinical value of BarreGen, a molecular diagnostic test that predicts the risk of progression from Barrett’s esophagus to esophageal cancer approximately 3 to 4 years before the cancer develops. These...
Palbociclib Improves Progression-Free Survival in Advanced Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer
In a phase III PALOMA 3 trial reported at the 2015 ASCO Annual Meeting and published in The New England Journal of Medicine, Turner et al found that the cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitor palbociclib (Ibrance) significantly improved progression-free survival in women with advanced hormone...
Pooled Analysis Shows Activity of Afatinib Differs in NSCLC According to Uncommon EGFR Mutations
In a pooled analysis of the LUX-Lung 2, 3, and 6 trials reported in The Lancet Oncology, Yang et al found that the activity of afatinib (Gilotrif) differed according to uncommon EGFR mutations in advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Most patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC have deletion...
Addition of Elotuzumab to Lenalidomide-Dexamethasone Improves Progression-Free Survival in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma
In an interim analysis of the phase III ELOQUENT-2 trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Lonial et al found that the addition of the investigational agent elotuzumab to lenalidomide (Revlimid)-dexamethasone significantly increased progression-free survival in patients with relapsed ...
Latest RTOG 0537 Data Indicate Electrical Nerve Stimulation May Provide Relief for Radiation-Induced Dry Mouth
Phase III results of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 0537 indicate that acupuncture-like, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (ALTENS) may be equally effective as the prescription medication pilocarpine, the current standard of care, to treat radiation-induced xerostomia (dry...
Addition of Necitumumab to First-Line Gemcitabine-Cisplatin Improves Overall Survival in Stage IV Squamous NSCLC
In the phase III SQUIRE trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Thatcher et al found that the addition of the second-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody necitumumab to first-line gemcitabine-cisplatin improved overall survival among patients with stage IV squamous...
Bronchial Gene-Expression Classifier Improves Bronchoscopy Performance in Diagnosing Lung Cancer
In a study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Silvestri et al of the AEGIS study team found that use of a bronchial airway gene-expression classifier improved the diagnostic performance of bronchoscopy in patients being evaluated for suspected lung cancer. Study Details The study...
ASCO 2015: New Targeted Treatment IMMU-130 Shows Activity in Patients With Metastatic Colon Cancer
Although various drugs have improved outcomes for metastatic colon cancer patients, researchers continually strive to find new agents to improve treatment. Antibody-drug conjugates are a promising option, due to the fact that they can deliver chemotherapy directly into a targeted cell, destroy...
Higher Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Level Associated With Better Outcomes in HER2-Positive Early Breast Cancer Independent of Neoadjuvant Treatment
In an analysis of the NeoALTTO trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Salgado et al found that a higher level of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes was associated with improved pathologic compete response rate and event-free survival independent of neoadjuvant treatment received in patients with...
Phase III Trial Confirms Benefit of Adding Bevacizumab to Chemotherapy in Chinese Patients With Advanced NSCLC
In a phase III BEYOND trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Zhou et al found that the addition of bevacizumab to carboplatin-paclitaxel improved progression-free and overall survival in Chinese patients with locally advanced, metastatic, or recurrent advanced nonsquamous...
ASCO 2015: Novel Targeted Drug Palbociclib Slows Progression of Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer
Results from the phase III registration study PALOMA-3 show that adding the investigational targeted agent palbociclib (Ibrance) to the standard hormonal therapy fulvestrant (Faslodex) more than doubled the duration of disease control, delaying disease progression by roughly 5 months in women with...
ASCO 2015: Anastrozole Offers Higher Breast Cancer–Free Interval Rates Than Tamoxifen Following Lumpectomy and Radiation for DCIS
A phase III trial comparing 5 years of tamoxifen vs 5 years of the aromatase inhibitor anastrozole for postmenopausal women treated for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) found 10-year breast cancer–free interval rates were higher in the anastrozole group than in the tamoxifen group (93.5% vs...
ASCO 2015: Entolimod May Be a Promising Treatment Option for Many Solid Tumors
A collaborative team of researchers led by Alex A. Adjei, MD, PhD, FACP, of Roswell Park Cancer Institute, shared results from the first clinical study of the anticancer effects of the novel agent entolimod on May 30 at the 2015 ASCO Annual Meeting in Chicago (Abstract 3063). Their findings confirm ...
ASCO 2015: Economic Costs a Burden for Cancer Survivors
A new study conducted by the American Cancer Society found that the economic burden of cancer extends beyond diagnosis and treatment, with cancer survivors facing thousands of dollars of excess medical expenses every year, as well as excess employment disability and loss of production at work. The...
