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Showing 12851 - 12900Stereo X-Ray of Stomach Cancer
A few months after William Roentgen’s first publications, x-rays were being produced as stereoroentgenograms. Doctors Emil Beck, James MacKenzie, Charles Leonard, Hildebrand, Walsham, and others used stereoroentgenography during the first decade of the 20th century to study the lungs, heart, and...
A Concerned Physician Reflects on Today’s Doctor-Patient Relationship
Doctoring isn’t what it used to be. Like many other professions, it has gone through a multitude of changes ostensibly to improve efficiencies and lower costs. The digital age has reshaped clinical practice from the front office to the exam room. And with the advent of electronic health records...
Greatest Benefit of Adjuvant Exemestane in Premenopausal Women at Higher Risk of Breast Cancer Recurrence
In an analysis of the SOFT and TEXT trials reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Meredith M. Regan, ScD, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and colleagues found that the greatest benefit of adjuvant exemestane in reducing breast cancer recurrence was among women with the greatest risk of...
Routine Prophylactic vs Deferred Radiotherapy for Procedure-Tract Metastases in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
Prophylactic radiotherapy after surgery and large-bore pleural procedures did not result in significant reduction in the incidence of procedure-tract metastases in malignant pleural mesothelioma, according to the UK phase III SMART trial reported by Clive et al in The Lancet Oncology. Study...
Higher Prediagnostic Plasma Vitamin D Levels May Be Associated With Prolonged Survival in Pancreatic Cancer
In a study reported by Yuan et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, higher prediagnostic plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels were found to be associated with prolonged overall survival in patients with pancreatic cancer. Study Details The study involved data from 493 patients from 5...
Comparison of Chemotherapy Regimens After Negative Interim PET-CT in Advanced Hodgkin Lymphoma
In a phase III trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Johnson et al found similar efficacy with continued ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine) chemotherapy vs omission of bleomycin (AVD) after negative interim PET-CT (positron-emission tomography–computed...
Regarding Beau
Like most pediatric hematologists/oncologists, my career has been a journey, hoping to discover ways to improve the outcomes for children and adolescents with cancer. I have been blessed to work with outstanding colleagues in the United States and throughout the world. And of equal importance, I...
What’s Driving the Rising Rates of Colorectal Cancer in Young Adults?
The study statistics are alarming—and perplexing. According to an analysis of data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) colorectal cancer registry, colon cancer incidence among young adults aged 20 to 34 is expected to increase 90% by 2030, and the incidence of rectosigmoid...
Expert Point of View: Charles Ryan, MD
“These are important data. It is safe to envision a future where atezolizumab [Tecentriq] can be used first-line. These were cisplatin-ineligible patients, and many patients fall into this category, especially the elderly. Platinum-ineligibility is a big problem due to comorbidities,” explained...
Atezolizumab Promising in Cisplatin-Ineligible Metastatic Bladder Cancer
Atezolizumab (Tecentriq), an anti–programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor, achieved durable responses as first-line treatment in cisplatin-ineligible patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma in a primary analysis of a phase II trial. These data represent an unmet need, because...
New Standard of Care Emerges for Anaplastic Glioma Without 1p/19q Codeletion
Adjuvant temozolomide, after radiotherapy, improves overall survival in patients with grade 3 anaplastic glioma without 1p/19q codeletion, according to a phase III EORTC (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer) study presented at the 2016 ASCO Annual Meeting.1 “We were...
Expert Point of View: Steven M. Devine, MD
Formal discussant of these trials Steven M. Devine, MD, of The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, was not able to attend the ASCO Meeting, but his slides were presented to the audience. “CAR T-cell therapy was first thought of in the 1980s, but it is only recently that we ...
CAR T-Cell Dose Refinement May Reduce Cytokine-Release Syndrome in Patients With Advanced Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has been effective in adults and children with advanced acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), but along with efficacy, the treatment can stimulate cytokine-release syndrome, which can be deadly if it goes unrecognized and untreated. Adjusting the dose...
Expert Point of View: Elizabeth Mittendorf, MD, PhD
The discussant of these studies was Elizabeth Mittendorf, MD, PhD, Associate Professor of Breast Surgical Oncology at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston. Dr. Mittendorf noted that approximately 3% of U.S. breast cancer patients present with de novo stage IV disease. For...
Mixed Results With Resection of Primary Tumor in Stage IV Breast Cancer
For de novo stage IV breast cancer, does resection of the primary tumor improve outcomes? Two studies presented at the 2016 ASCO Annual Meeting reached different conclusions. A prospective randomized study conducted in Turkey concluded there is a survival benefit at 5 years,1 whereas a U.S....
Expert Point of View: Stephen K.L. Chia, MD
Stephen K.L. Chia, MD, of the British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, discussed two of these neoadjuvant breast cancer studies at the ASCO Annual Meeting. In the current landscape for neoadjuvant therapy in HER2-positive disease, said Dr. Chia, the NeoSphere, TRYPHAENA, KRISTINE, and I-SPY 2...
Pertuzumab-Containing Regimens Compared for Neoadjuvant Treatment in Early Breast Cancer
In patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer, pathologic complete response rates after neoadjuvant therapy were higher with docetaxel plus carboplatin plus trastuzumab (Herceptin) plus pertuzumab (Perjeta), or TCH+P, than with ado-trastuzumab emtansine (Kadcyla) plus pertuzumab, or T-DM1+P,...
EBCTCG Analysis Identifies Recurrence Risk by Tumor Subgroup in Estrogen Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer
The risk of recurrence in estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer is known to continue after 5 years, but just how much is that risk once endocrine therapy is stopped? The Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group (EBCTCG) has concluded it is “appreciable,” with distant recurrences...
The Age of the Atomic Hematologists/Oncologists
Every longstanding culture has ages: The Minoans were followed by the Mycenaeans and, later, the Hellenistic peoples. And so it is with hematology/oncology. A descriptive age dominated predominately by histopathologists was followed by an age of experimentalists. Development of the atomic bombs...
Study Finds Regorafenib Increases Progression-Free Survival in Advanced Gastric Cancer
The multikinase inhibitor regorafenib (Stivarga) prolonged progression-free survival vs placebo in patients with previously treated advanced gastric carcinoma, in a phase II trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Pavlakis et al. A regional difference in treatment effect was observed. ...
Expert Point of View: David R. Spigel, MD
“These are outstanding results,” commented formal discussant of this trial David R. Spigel, MD, of the Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, Tennessee. In melanoma, the combination of nivolumab (Opdivo) plus ipilimumab (Yervoy) vs nivolumab alone vs ipilimumab alone found superior...
Combination of Nivolumab and Ipilimumab Moves Forward in NSCLC
How best to combine new immunotherapies is a burning question in oncology. A new study in the CheckMate series suggests that nivolumab (Opdivo) and ipilimumab (Yervoy) can be safely and effectively combined as first-line treatment of advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC),1 but further study...
Approximately 20% of Older Women With Early Breast Cancer Experience Some Form of Functional Decline After Treatment
In a study of older women with newly diagnosed stage I to III breast cancer, approximately 1 in 5 lost the ability to complete some of the basic tasks necessary for independent living within 1 year of initiating treatment. The study also found that a simple survey can help identify which women are...
Primary Care Visits Result in More Colorectal Cancer Screening, Better Follow-up
People who visit their primary care physicians are more likely to get potentially life-saving colon cancer screenings and follow-up on abnormal stool blood test results—even in health systems that heavily promote mail-in home stool blood tests that don’t require a doctor visit, a study...
Tasquinimod Improves Radiographic PFS but Not OS in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
In a phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Sternberg et al found that tasquinimod, an oral therapy targeting components of the tumor microenvironment, increased radiographic progression-free survival but not overall survival vs placebo in men with chemotherapy-naive...
Study Finds Adding Olaratumab to Doxorubicin Improves Survival in Advanced Soft-Tissue Sarcoma
The addition of olaratumab, an anti–platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (anti–PDGFRα) antibody, to doxorubicin resulted in prolonged progression-free and overall survival in the phase II evaluation of patients with advanced soft-tissue sarcoma, according to findings...
French Phase III Trial Shows No Benefit of Adding Zoledronate to Chemotherapy and Surgery in Osteosarcoma
In the French phase III OS2006 trial reported by Piperno-Neumann et al in The Lancet Oncology, the addition of zoledronate to chemotherapy and surgery provided no event-free survival benefit in the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed high-grade osteosarcoma. Study Details In the open-label ...
Adding Obinutuzumab to Bendamustine Improves Progression-Free Survival in Rituximab-Refractory NHL
In the phase III GADOLIN trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Sehn et al found that adding the anti-CD20 antibody obinutuzumab (Gazyva) to bendamustine (Bendeka, Treanda) increased progression-free survival in patients with rituximab-refractory indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Outcomes in...
Women With High-Grade Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Have Long-Term Increased Risk for HPV-Related Anal, Vulvar, and Vaginal Cancers
Although high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is essential for developing high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2 and CIN3) and has also been associated with noncervical anogenital cancers, little is known about the long-term risk for anal, vulvar, and vaginal cancer following a...
FDA Approves Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir for Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection
On June 28, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved a fixed-dose combination of sofosbuvir, 400 mg, plus velpatasvir, 100 mg (Epclusa) to treat adult patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) either with or without cirrhosis. For patients with moderate to severe cirrhosis...
Study Finds Addition of High-Dose Cytarabine to Immunochemotherapy Before Transplant Improves Outcomes in Younger Patients With MCL
The phase III European MCL Younger trial has shown that adding high-dose cytarabine to immunochemotherapy prior to autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) increased the time to treatment failure among patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) aged ≤ 65 years. The results were reported by...
Ipilimumab Combined With Antigen-Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes May Be of Benefit in Metastatic Melanoma
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Chapuis et al, concurrent use of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) antigen-4 (CTLA-4) blockade with ipilimumab (Yervoy) and adoptively transferred antigen-specific CTLs produced enduring responses in patients with stage IV melanoma. Study...
Influence of Microbiota of Breast Tissue on the Development of Cancers
Bacteria that have the potential to abet breast cancer are present in the breasts of cancer patients, while beneficial bacteria are more abundant in healthy breasts, where they may actually be protecting women from cancer, according to Gregor Reid, PhD, of the Lawson Health Research Institute, and...
Reduced-Intensity Transplantation With Haploidentical Related Donors vs HLA-Matched Sibling Donors in Patients With Lymphoma
In an analysis of the observational data base of the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Ghosh et al found that lymphoma patients undergoing reduced-intensity conditioning had similar outcomes with related-donor haploidentical...
Is Nivolumab Active in Recurrent Small Cell Lung Cancer?
In the phase I/II CheckMate 032 study, nivolumab (Opdivo) alone and with ipilimumab (Yervoy) demonstrated activity in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) progressing after at least one previous platinum regimen, as reported in The Lancet Oncology by Antonia et al. Study Details In the...
I Was Not Shown Compassion by My Medical Team
At my last screening mammogram in 2015, nothing seemed out of the ordinary. The technician took the usual four x-rays of my breasts, and I was told I could leave. So it was especially shocking to get a phone call from the radiologist a week later telling me that I had to come back for an additional ...
Increased Risk of Gallbladder Cancer May Be Associated With Consuming Large Amounts of Sweetened Beverages
A large prospective Swedish study reported by Susanna C. Larsson, PhD, of the Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology at the Institute of Environmental Medicine at Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm, Sweden, and colleagues found a 2.2-fold increased risk of gallbladder cancer in people who consumed two or ...
Adding Adjuvant Oxaliplatin to Fluoropyrimidine May Be of Benefit in Deficient Mismatch Repair Colon Cancer
In a French retrospective study reported by David Tougeron, MD, PhD, of Poitiers University Hospital, Poitiers, France, and colleagues in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, the addition of adjuvant oxaliplatin to fluoropyrimidine treatment improved disease-free survival in patients with...
Retroviral Replicating Vector That Delivers Cytosine Deaminase to Cancer Cells Active in Recurrent Glioblastoma
A phase I study by Timothy F. Cloughesy, MD, Director of the Neuro-Oncology Program at the UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, and colleagues published in Science Translational Medicine investigated the effectiveness of vocimagene amiretrorepvec (Toca 511), an experimental nonlytic,...
Something Happened
Over the years, my patients have been my most important teachers. I’ve learned so much from them about human nature and the resilience of the human spirit. When my time came to pass through the fire and confront the same challenges they and their families face so bravely and with such compassion, ...
Inside Knowledge From a Cancer Survivor
Curtis Pesmen is a well-regarded writer who has authored six books of nonfiction as well as numerous articles for publications such as Esquire and The New York Times. He also has served as founding editor of LIVESTRONG Quarterly and often speaks and writes on patient advocacy. Shortly after...
A Journalist’s Cancer Saga
Readers of the recently published memoir A Series of Catastrophes & Miracles: A True Story of Love, Science, and Cancer find out that the book has a happy ending on the cover page of chapter 1. Spoiler: I lived, writes the author, Mary Elizabeth Williams, an acclaimed journalist with a list...
An Exotic Journey Into Immunotherapy
In his new book, Sharks Get Cancer, Mole Rats Don’t: How Animals Could Hold the Key to Unlocking Cancer Immunity in Humans, James S. Welsh, MD, examines a wide array of animal and human biologic phenomena, searching for clues that might help us unlock the full power of the human immune system....
Moonshot Program for … Compassion
A 65-year-old patient with widely metastatic pancreatic cancer was emergently transferred to our facility in the early hours of the morning with free air suggestive of a perforated viscus. The patient is from a small town several hundred miles away from our academic center, which can be quite...
Meet Thomas G. Roberts, Jr, MD
Thomas G. Roberts, Jr, MD, is Managing Member at Farallon Capital Management, LLC and Chair of the Conquer Cancer Foundation of ASCO Board of Directors and Executive Committee. What led you to oncology prior to your career in finance? TGR: As an intern at Massachusetts General Hospital, I was...
Geriatric Patients With Cancer and the Problem of Polypharmacy
Older patients with cancer generally have multiple comorbidities, with each often requiring separate medications. Studies have shown that polypharmacy and inappropriate drug use are prevalent among older cancer patients, leading to an enormous amount of preventable adverse events, many requiring...
Anti–PD-1 Treatment With Pembrolizumab in Gastric/Gastroesophageal Junction Cancers: Who Is Likely to Respond?
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have emerged as one of the most promising new areas of drug development in oncology. Broad activity has been observed for these agents across a spectrum of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. As reviewed in this issue of The ASCO Post, Muro and colleagues now...
Nivolumab or Ipilimumab Treatment May Increase Risk of Developing Autoimmune Joint and Tissue Disease
Case reports on 13 patients with cancer suggest that patients taking the immunotherapeutics ipilimumab (Yervoy) and nivolumab (Opdivo) may be at higher-than-normal risk of developing autoimmune joint and tissue diseases, including inflammatory arthritis, according to a preliminary study by Johns...
Hypofractionated Radiation Found Equivalent to Conventionally Fractionated Regimen in Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Early-stage breast cancer patients receiving a shorter course of whole-breast irradiation with higher radiation doses per fraction reported equivalent cosmetic, functional, and pain outcomes over time as those receiving a longer, lower-dose per fraction course of treatment, according to researchers ...
Pembrolizumab Active in PD-L1–Positive Advanced Gastric Cancer and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
The KEYNOTE-012 phase Ib trial assessed single-agent pembrolizumab (Keytruda) in patients with advanced programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1)–positive gastric cancer, triple-negative breast cancer, urothelial cancer, and head and neck cancer. The activity of pembrolizumab in study patients with...
