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Showing 1201 - 1250Cancer Doesn’t Frighten Me
In the fall of 2009, I suddenly went from being a healthy, physically active 47-year-old to a patient with stage IV non–small lung cancer (NSCLC), with a 5-year survival rate of less than 5%. A never-smoker, I had attributed a persistent cough I’d been having to the change in the season. And why...
Lasker Foundation Announces 2018 Awards in Basic and Clinical Medical Research
THE ALBERT and Mary Lasker Foundation has announced the winners of its 2018 Lasker Awards: C. David Allis, PhD, of Rockefeller University, and Michael Grunstein, PhD, of the University of California, Los Angeles, will receive the Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award; John B. Glen, BVMS, PhD,...
Outcomes Associated With Mutation Persistence After HSCT for Myelodysplastic Syndrome
In a single-institution study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Duncavage et al found that mutation clearance after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) was associated with better outcomes in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome. Study Details The study...
Are E-Cigarettes a Dangerous Alternative to Traditional Cigarettes?
Several studies published earlier this year present preliminary but compelling evidence that electronic cigarettes, also known as e-cigarettes, which deliver nicotine through aerosols without burning tobacco, may pose serious health consequences to users, including cardiovascular disease and...
Addition of Bevacizumab to Neoadjuvant Therapy in BRCA1/2-Mutant Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
In an analysis from the GeparQuinto trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Peter A. Fasching, MD, of Erlangen University Hospital, Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN, and colleagues found that the addition of bevacizumab (Avastin) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy increased the...
Mismatch Repair Mutations and Immunotherapy in Prostate Cancer
A group of men with especially aggressive prostate cancer may respond unusually well to immunotherapy, according to a study published by Rodrigues et al in the Journal of Clinical Investigation. The research offers the possibility of effective treatment, with clinical trials already underway. An...
PMS2-Associated Lynch Syndrome and Cancer Risks
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, ten Broeke et al found that patients with Lynch syndrome associated with PMS2 mutation are at increased risk of colorectal and endometrial cancers but not other cancers associated with the syndrome. As noted by the investigators, Lynch...
Lasker Foundation Announces 2018 Lasker Awards for Basic and Clinical Medical Research and Special Achievement
The Albert and Mary Lasker Foundation today announced the winners of its 2018 Lasker Awards: C. David Allis, PhD, of Rockefeller University and Michael Grunstein, PhD, of the University of California, Los Angeles, will receive the Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research...
Somatic Mutations in ER-Positive Breast Cancer and Prognosis
Recent research and genomic studies have revealed a number of genes that accumulate somatic mutations and alterations in estrogen receptor (ER)–positive breast cancer. However, while a few alterations are quite common and relatively well-understood, many genes are mutated in less than 5% of...
Clarifying the Complexity of Genomic Testing in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
AS MORE is learned about the genomic landscape in non-Hodgkin lymphoma, clinicians are grappling with how to apply this information in the clinic. At the 2018 Pan Pacific Lymphoma Conference, Andrew D. Zelenetz, MD, PhD, helped them understand this emerging area.1 Dr. Zelenetz is Professor of...
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients With HIV-Associated Kaposi Sarcoma
Widespread use of antiretroviral therapy in the treatment of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has led to a decline in the incidence of HIV-related Kaposi sarcoma, an incurable malignancy associated with HIV. Nevertheless, about 15% of these patients will go on to...
Prostate Cancer Foundation and Movember Foundation Announce 2018 Winners of Challenge Awards
The Prostate Cancer Foundation (PCF) and the Movember Foundation recently announced four new Movember Foundation–PCF Challenge Award teams at some of the world’s leading academic research institutions will receive a total of $3.5 million to support cross-disciplinary pioneering research toward the...
Genetic Forecasting May Predict Response to Cetuximab in Colorectal Cancer
Blood tests could predict how long it takes until colorectal cancer becomes resistant to treatment based on the same principle used in forecasting the weather, a new study by Khan et al in Cancer Discovery has found. The liquid biopsies could also predict patients that are unlikely to initially...
Coriolus versicolor
The ASCO Post’s Integrative Oncology series is intended to facilitate the availability of evidence-based information on integrative and complementary therapies sometimes used by patients with cancer. Ting Bao, MD, DABMA, MS, and Jyothirmai Gubili, MS, present information on the potential...
Ipilimumab in Combination With Nivolumab for MSI-H or dMMR Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
On July 10, 2018, ipilimumab (Yervoy) was granted accelerated approval for use in combination with nivolumab (Opdivo) for the treatment of patients at least 12 years of age with microsatellite instability–high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair–deficient (dMMR) metastatic colorectal cancer progressing...
Study Examines Link Between Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa
Many patients with the rare skin disease recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB)—commonly called butterfly syndrome—also develop squamous cell carcinoma early in life. Now an international team of scientists led by researchers at the Sidney Kimmel Cancer...
Sequential Liquid Biopsy Sampling May Be a Predictive Tool for Early Disease Progression in Patients With Colorectal Cancer
According to the American Cancer Society, excluding skin cancers, colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer among men and women in the United States, with over 97,000 new cases expected this year, and is the third leading cause of cancer-related death, with over 50,000 deaths predicted in...
Tumor Mutation Burden and Prognosis in Resected NSCLC
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Devarakonda et al found that high nonsynonymous tumor mutation burden was associated with improved outcomes in patients undergoing resection for non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Study Details The study (Lung Adjuvant Cisplatin...
ctDNA and Treatment Outcome in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Kurtz et al found that baseline circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and molecular response to treatment were independent predictors of treatment outcome in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Study Details The association of ctDNA with treatment...
FDA Grants Fast Track Designation to AVB-S6-500 for Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Fast Track designation to AVB-S6-500 as a potential treatment for platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer. About AVB-S6-500 AVB-S6-500 is a novel high-affinity, soluble Fc-fusion protein designed to block the activation of the GAS6-AXL...
ERBB2/ERBB3-Mutant Colorectal Cancer
A study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute by Loree and colleagues found that ERBB2/ERBB3 mutations in colorectal cancer are associated with microsatellite instability and PIK3CA mutation. Kanwal Raghav, MD, MBBS, of the Division of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The...
New ESMO Tumor DNA Scale Helps Match Patients to Optimal Targeted Treatments
A new scale for tumor DNA mutations called ESCAT (European Society for Medical Oncology [ESMO] Scale for Clinical Actionability of Molecular Targets) is aiming to simplify and standardize choices for targeted cancer treatment. Information about the development and use of the scale in practice was...
Obesity and Cancer: Complex Interplay of Multiple Factors
The evolving concept that dietary fat plays an important role in the etiology of human cancer emerged more than 50 years ago. Ernst Wynder, MD, whose seminal epidemiologic work led to identifying smoking as a contributory cause of lung cancer, presented a paper in 1967 showing a decided correlation ...
Enzalutamide in Nonmetastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms of action, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs. On July 13, 2018, enzalutamide (Xtandi) was approved for...
Basal Cell Carcinoma and Risk for Development of Other Cancers
Patients who develop frequent cases of basal cell carcinoma appear to be at significantly increased risk for the development of other cancers, according to a study published by Cho et al in JCI Insight. Methods Researchers studied 61 people treated at Stanford Health Care for frequent...
FDA Grants Breakthrough Device Designation for Cancer Detection Liquid Biopsy
PapGene, Inc, has announced their cancer detection test has received Breakthrough Device designation from the Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH) of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The PapGene test is a multianalyte test that uses a combination of circulating tumor DNA...
FDA Approves HPV Test for First-Line Cervical Cancer Screening
ON JULY 30, 2018, Roche announced approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of its cobas HPV Test in first-line screening for cervical cancer in women 25 years and older using cervical specimens collected in SurePath preservative fluid. The FDA first approved the cobas HPV test...
Is Some DNA Worthless?
BOOKMARK Title: Junk DNA: A Journey Through the Dark Matter of the GenomeAuthor: Nessa CareyPublisher: Columbia University PressOriginal publication date: April 2015Price: $22.95, paperback, 360 pages When biologists first delved into the human wonder of genes in the 1970s, they eventually...
NIH and Prostate Cancer Foundation Launch Large Study on Aggressive Prostate Cancer in African American Men
The largest coordinated research effort to study biologic and nonbiologic factors associated with aggressive prostate cancer in African American men has begun. The $26.5 million study is called RESPOND, or Research on Prostate Cancer in Men of African Ancestry: Defining the Roles of Genetics, Tumor ...
Osimertinib Resistance Mechanisms in EGFR T790M–Positive NSCLC
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Oxnard et al found early resistance and a number of competing resistance mechanisms in acquired osimertinib (Tagrisso) resistance associated with loss of the T790M mutation conferring resistance to prior EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment in...
Researchers at Baylor Awarded Multiple Grants to Study Treatment Resistance in Breast Cancer
To better understand the causes of resistance to treatment in estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer, the Department of Defense has awarded researchers at Baylor College of Medicine multiple grants to study gene anomalies in estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer that are associated with...
More Antibody-Drug Conjugates Expected to Impact Treatment of Lymphoma
FOR THE TREATMENT of lymphoma, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are becoming an important class of drugs, as described at the 2018 Pan Pacific Lymphoma Conference by Brad Kahl, MD, Professor of Medicine at Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis.1 “We have one ADC—brentuximab vedotin...
careHPV Test Receives WHO Prequalification Status for Cervical Cancer Screening
The careHPV Test, a molecular diagnostic for high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) designed to screen women in low-resource settings, has been added to the World Health Organization (WHO) list of prequalified in vitro diagnostics (IVDs). HPV is the primary cause of cervical cancer, so ...
SPOP-Mutant Prostate Cancer Subtype, High PSA, and Prognosis
Conventional wisdom suggests that a high level of the protein prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in men with prostate cancer means a poor prognosis. However, this may not always be the case in men with a particular subtype of prostate cancer, according to a new study from Weill Cornell Medicine and...
NIMHD Selects Recipients of the Minority Health and Health Disparities Research Innovation Award
THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), has selected recipients of the 2018 William G. Coleman, Jr, PhD, Minority Health and Health Disparities Research Innovation Award. Now in its second year, this competitive...
Olaparib for Germline BRCA-Mutated Metastatic Breast Cancer
EARLY IN 2018, olaparib tablets (Lynparza) were granted regular approval for treatment of patients with deleterious or suspected deleterious germline BRCA-mutated, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer who have been treated with chemotherapy in the neoadjuvant, adjuvant, or metastatic setting.1,2...
MSI-High Status and Lynch Syndrome Found in Surprising Variety of Cancers
In a study that many consider to be practice-changing, Lynch syndrome, a hereditary cancer predisposition syndrome, was found in many persons who would not ordinarily be suspected of having it.1 The study, which was presented at the 2018 ASCO Annual Meeting, has implications for broader testing...
Early Study Shows Elasticity of Cancer Cells May Determine Where Pancreatic Cancer Metastases Form
Pancreatic cancer often metastasizes to the liver or lungs. The prognosis is better for patients with metastases in the lungs. However, the organ that is more likely to be affected depends on the cancer cells’ ability to alter their characteristics and shape—as a research team at the...
Germline Mutations in Cancer Susceptibility Genes in Patients With Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Carlo et al found a high prevalence of germline mutations in cancer susceptibility genes in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Study Details In this cohort study, conducted between October 2015 and July 2017, 254 of 267 patients with advanced...
Somatic Driver Alterations and Distant Recurrence in Postmenopausal Early Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Endocrine Therapy
In an analysis from the BIG 1-98 trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Luen et al found that 11q13and 8p11 amplifications were associated with an increased risk of distant recurrence among patients with postmenopausal hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative breast cancer receiving adjuvant...
ESHRE 2018: Early-Stage Research Shows Potential of Artificial Ovary for Fertility Preservation Without the Risk of Reintroducing Malignancy
Important steps in the development of an artificial ovary have been successfully completed. Researchers from the Rigshospitalet in Copenhagen, Denmark, reported that they have—for the first time—isolated and grown human follicles to a point of biofunctionality on a bioengineered ovarian ...
Study Finds Inherited Gene Variants in 10% of Patients With Pancreatic Cancer
A large study of pancreatic cancer patients found that almost 10% harbored inherited genetic variations or mutations that may have increased their susceptibility to the disease. At the same time, some of these mutations were associated with more favorable responses to certain chemotherapy agents,...
Excerpt From the 2018 ASCO Presidential Address: ‘Delivering Discoveries: Expanding the Reach of Precision Medicine’
In my area of research, lung cancer, precision medicine is indeed transforming the treatment of this disease and has important implications for other cancers and for the future of our patients with cancer. Today’s achievement of being able to systematically identify genomic changes that can be...
Early Data Suggest TLR9 Agonist May Combat PD-1 Resistance in Advanced Melanoma
COMBINING CMP-001, a Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonist, plus pembrolizumab (Keytruda) appears to overcome resistance to anti–programmed cell death protein 1 (anti–PD-1) therapy, according to a preliminary phase Ib study.1 Adding CMP-001 to pembrolizumab was well tolerated, with antitumor efficacy ...
Genome Sequencing of Blood Samples May Lead to Detection of Early- Stage Lung Cancer
IF THE INITIAL promise of research presented at the 2018 ASCO Annual Meeting bears fruit, we may one day have a simple blood test to screen for early-stage lung cancer and possibly other cancers. Although it is still very early days for this test, an initial report from the ongoing Circulating...
Apalutamide in Nonmetastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms of action, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs. Earlier this year, apalutamide (Erleada) was approved for ...
Outcomes of Tisagenlecleucel Therapy in Children and Young Adults With B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Shannon L. Maude, MD, PhD, of Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, and colleagues, the phase II ELIANA trial has shown that the anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy tisagenlecleucel (Kymriah) ...
Addition of Veliparib to Temozolomide in Recurrent Small Cell Lung Cancer
In a phase II trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Pietanza et al found no benefit of adding the PARP inhibitor veliparib to temozolomide (Temodar) in recurrent platinum-sensitive or platinum-refractory small cell lung cancer. Benefit was observed with the combination in the subgroup ...
IASLC Issues Statement Paper on Liquid Biopsy for Lung Cancer
The lungs can be a difficult organ to biopsy with a needle, so the promise of identifying lung cancer through a blood-based biopsy has lung cancer experts and patients optimistic. Knowing how and when to use a liquid biopsy is critically important and led global experts at the International...
FDA Accepts Supplementary PMA for Review of BRACAnalysis CDx as a Companion Diagnostic to Talazoparib in Metastatic Breast Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently accepted a supplementary premarket approval (PMA) application for BRACAnalysis CDx to be used as a companion diagnostic with the poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor talazoparib. The new drug application (NDA) for...
