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Showing 9651 - 9700Cutting Radiation Exposure by 50% Appears Safe and Effective in HPV-Positive Head and Neck Cancer
AGGRESSIVE REDUCTION in radiation therapy appears to be a potential win-win situation for patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, according to the results of a phase II trial presented at the 2017 Annual Meeting of the American Society for...
Immunotherapy Plus Radiation Appears Active in Patients With Solid Tumors and Lung or Liver Metastases
THE NOVEL COMBINATION of immunotherapy with ipilimumab (Yervoy) plus radiation achieved a clinical benefit in up to 57% of patients with solid tumors and metastases to the lungs or liver, according to evidence from a phase II trial presented at the 2017 Annual Meeting of the American Society for...
Consolidative Radiation Therapy: New Paradigm for Limited Metastatic NSCLC?
ADDING CONSOLIDATIVE RADIATION therapy to maintenance chemotherapy had a robust effect on preventing disease progression compared with maintenance chemotherapy alone in patients with limited metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), according to a late-breaking study presented at the 2017...
Could the Rising Rates of Colorectal Cancer in AYAs Be Linked to HPV Infection?
TWO STUDIES published this year examining the incidence of colorectal cancer in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) show an undeniable and sobering trend: Colorectal cancer rates are increasing in this age group, and younger people are dying of the cancer at slightly higher rates than in previous...
Smashing the Glass Ceiling in Medicine
IT IS A SAD TRUTH that academic medicine, like many other professions, has a glass ceiling that hampers its ambitions. In medicine, this glass ceiling blocks women and minority faculty from reaching the highest ranks of leadership. Even if the root cause is not yet known, we want to eliminate...
Second-Line Pembrolizumab Extends Survival in Urothelial Cancer
PEMBROLIZUMAB (KEYTRUDA) extended survival by about 3 months in patients with advanced urothelial cancer whose disease progressed on platinum-based chemotherapy vs investigator’s choice of therapy, according to the mature results of the KEYNOTE-045 trial presented at the European Society for...
Sperm Banking for Adolescent Males With Newly Diagnosed Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Klosky et al identified factors associated with sperm banking among adolescent males with newly diagnosed cancer who were at increased risk for treatment-related fertility loss. The study included 146 adolescents aged 13 to 22 years (mean...
IASLC 2017: First-Line Pembrolizumab Increases Overall Survival vs Chemotherapy in Metastatic NSCLC With High Levels of PD-L1
Updated overall survival findings from the phase III KEYNOTE-024 trial evaluating pembrolizumab (Keytruda) as a first-line monotherapy in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors express high levels of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) were presented at the...
Melatonin
The ASCO Post’s Integrative Oncology series is intended to facilitate the availability of evidence-based information on integrative and complementary therapies commonly used by patients with cancer. In this installment, Ting Bao, MD, DABMA, MS, and Jyothirmai Gubili, MS, present information on...
Stand Up To Cancer Catalyst Launches 10 Clinical Trial Projects
Stand Up To Cancer has awarded 10 Stand Up To Cancer Catalyst clinical trial projects in which researchers from more than 30 institutions collaborate across academic and corporate borders on clinical trials studying correlated translational research. The inaugural Stand Up To Cancer Catalyst...
Immunotherapy for Advanced Soft-Tissue and Bone Sarcoma
The phase II SARC028 trial has shown activity of pembrolizumab (Keytruda) in some subtypes of advanced sarcoma. These findings were reported by Tawbi et al in The Lancet Oncology. Study Details In the study, 84 patients with advanced soft-tissue sarcoma aged ≥ 18 years (n = 42) or bone sarcoma ...
Combination Therapy for Patients With Advanced Unresectable Melanoma
A phase II study has shown that the addition of the oncolytic viral agent talimogene laherparepvec (Imlygic) to ipilimumab (Yervoy) significantly increased the response rate in patients with advanced unresectable melanoma. These findings were reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Chesney...
PI3K Inhibition in Relapsed or Refractory Indolent Lymphoma
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Dreyling et al, the phase II CHRONOS-1 trial has shown a high response rate and durable responses with the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor copanlisib (Aliqopa) in adults with relapsed or refractory indolent lymphoma who had received...
Immunotherapy for Previously Treated Advanced Gastric Cancer
In an Asian phase III trial (ONO-4538-12, ATTRACTION-2) reported in The Lancet, Kang et al found that nivolumab (Opdivo) produced an improvement in overall survival vs placebo in patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer who had disease refractory to or who were intolerant...
IASLC 2017: Lorlatinib in ALK-Positive and ROS1-Positive Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
At the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) 18th World Conference on Lung Cancer in Yokohama, Japan, Pfizer announced full results from the phase II clinical trial of the investigational, next-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor lorlatinib. The agent exhibited clinically...
IASLC 2017: CheckMate-032: Nivolumab Alone or With Ipilimumab in Recurrent SCLC With High Tumor Mutation Burden
At the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) 18th World Conference on Lung Cancer in Yokohama, Japan, Bristol-Myers Squibb announced data evaluating nivolumab (Opdivo) and nivolumab plus ipilimumab (Yervoy) in previously treated small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients whose...
IASLC 2017: Brigatinib in ALK-Positive Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Data from the phase II ALTA clinical trial evaluating brigatinib (Alunbrig) in patients with locally advanced or metastatic anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have disease progression on crizotinib were presented at the International...
Single-Center Study of Adjuvant Beta-Blocker Therapy for Cutaneous Melanoma
An Italian single-center prospective cohort study suggests that adjuvant treatment with the beta-blocker propranolol significantly reduces the risk of melanoma recurrence in patients with stage IB to IIIA cutaneous disease. The findings were reported in JAMA Oncology by De Giorgi et al. Preclinical ...
Maintenance Therapy After ASCT in Younger Patients With Mantle Cell Lymphoma
In a French phase III trial, maintenance rituximab (Rituxan) improved event-free survival vs observation after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in younger patints with mantle cell lymphoma. These findings were reported by Le Gouill et al in The New England Journal of Medicine. Study...
FDA Grants Priority Review for Abemaciclib as Initial Treatment of Advanced Breast Cancer
On October 12, Eli Lilly and Company announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted Priority Review designation to its New Drug Application (NDA) for abemaciclib (Verzenio), a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitor. MONARCH 3 The NDA was based upon the positive interim...
sNDA Submitted for Rucaparib as Maintenace Treatment for Patients With Platinum-Sensitive Recurrent Ovarian Cancer
On October 9, Clovis Oncology announced that the company submitted a supplemental New Drug Application (sNDA) to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for rucaparib (Rubraca) as maintenance treatment of patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer...
First-Line Immunotherapy for Cisplatin-Ineligible Patients With Advanced Urothelial Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Balar et al, first-line pembrolizumab (Keytruda) produced durable responses in cisplatin-ineligible patients with locally advanced and unresectable or metastatic urothelial cancer in the phase II KEYNOTE-052 trial. The trial supported the accelerated approval...
Osimertinib Granted Breakthrough Therapy Designation for First-Line Treatment of EGFR Mutation–Positive NSCLC
On October 9, AstraZeneca announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted Breakthrough Therapy designation for osimertinib (Tagrisso) for the first-line treatment of patients with metastatic epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation–positive non–small cell lung ...
Adjuvant Chemotherapy vs Observation After Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy and Resection in Gastroesophageal Cancer
In a propensity score–matched analysis reported in JAMA Oncology, Mokdad et al found that adjuvant chemotherapy had a survival benefit vs observation after preoperative chemoradiotherapy and resection in patients with locally advanced gastroesophageal cancer. Study Details The study...
Initial Treatment With CDK4/6 Inhibitor and Aromatase Inhibitor for Advanced Breast Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Goetz et al, an interim analysis in the phase III MONARCH 3 trial has shown a significant progression-free survival benefit with the addition of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitor abemaciclib (Verzenio) to a nonsteroidal aromatase...
Potential Biomarkers to Identify Patients at Risk for Neurotoxicity From CAR T-Cell Therapy
Although lymphodepletion chemotherapy followed by an infusion of CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells has produced high response rates in phase I studies of patients with refractory CD19-positive B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia...
Comorbidity and Prostate Cancer–Specific and Other-Cause Mortality
A Swedish population-based observational study has shown that comorbidity is a significant factor in other-cause but not prostate cancer–specific mortality after adjustment for patient, tumor, and treatment factors among men with prostate cancer. The findings were reported in the Journal of...
Immune-Related Adverse Events and Outcomes With Immunotherapy for NSCLC
In a Japanese analysis reported in JAMA Oncology, Haratani et al found that development of immune-related adverse events was associated with improved survival among patients receiving nivolumab (Opdivo) for advanced or recurrent non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Study Details The study...
Cancers Associated With Overweight and Obesity Make Up 40% of Cancers Diagnosed in the United States
Overweight and obesity are associated with increased risk of 13 types of cancer—and these cancers account for about 40% of all cancers diagnosed in the United States in 2014—according to the latest Vital Signs report by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Overall, the...
Nivolumab in MSI-H or dMMR Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
ON JULY 31, 2017, nivolumab (Opdivo) was granted accelerated approval for treatment of patients 12 years and older with DNA mismatch repair–deficient (dMMR) and microsatellite instability– high (MSI-H) metastatic colorectal cancer progressing following treatment with a fluoropyrimidine,...
Immunotherapy for Metastatic Mismatch Repair–Deficient Colorectal Cancer: Game-Changer for Small Group of Patients
PATIENTS WITH DNA mismatch repair–deficient (dMMR) metastatic colorectal cancer display a high level of microsatellite instability (MSI-H)1 and demonstrate poor chemosensitivity and shorter overall survival than patients with mismatch repair–proficient (pMMR) metastatic metastatic colorectal...
Nivolumab in Advanced DNA Mismatch Repair–Deficient or Microsatellite Instability–High Colorectal Cancer
THE PHASE II CHECKMATE 142 TRIAL has shown that nivolumab (Opdivo) produces durable responses in previously treated recurrent or metastatic DNA mismatch repair–deficient (dMMR)/ microsatellite instability–high (MSI-H) colorectal cancer. These study findings were reported in The Lancet Oncology...
FDA Grants Accelerated Approval to Nivolumab for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Previously Treated With Sorafenib
ON SEPTEMBER 22, 2017, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval to nivolumab (Opdivo) for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients who have been previously treated with sorafenib (Nexavar). CheckMate 040 APPROVAL WAS BASED on a 154-patient subgroup of ...
Cord Blood Transplantation Proves Beneficial in High-Risk Patients With Leukemia
Studies show that only about one-third of patients with acute myeloid leukemia who have detectable amounts of cancer cells in their blood at the time of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation will be alive 3 years later, compared with nearly three-quarters of those patients without minimal...
Overview of the Phase III MSLT-II Trial
THE PHASE III MSLT- II TRIAL showed that completion dissection was not associated with improved melanoma-specific overall survival vs observation in patients with sentinel-node metastasis, although a benefit was observed in regional disease control. The findings were reported in The New England...
Expert Point of View: Nadia Harbeck, MD, PhD, and Sibylle Loibl, MD
NADIA HARBECK, MD, PhD, of the Breast Center at the University of Munich, Germany, said the findings of LORELEI are among a growing list of indications that “the future is bright for endocrine-based therapy.” Although the results were hypothesis-generating and not yet practice-changing, she...
Selective PI3K Inhibitor Boosts Effect of Letrozole in Neoadjuvant Setting
FOR THE first time, an inhibitor of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway (taselisib) used in combination with endocrine therapy in the neoadjuvant setting improved response rates over endocrine therapy alone—with good tolerability—in women with early breast cancer, according to the phase...
Strong Showing for Rucaparib Maintenance Therapy for Platinum-Sensitive Ovarian Cancer
EVIDENCE CONTINUES to mount for the benefits of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition in ovarian cancer. Rucaparib (Rubraca) maintenance therapy after response to platinum-containing therapy significantly improved progression-free survival in patients with recurrent ovarian cancer compared ...
Journal of Clinical Oncology Literature Update
STAYING UP-TO-DATE in the fast-paced world of oncology literature is a daunting task at best. To assist with that task, The ASCO Post has assembled an assortment of studies recently published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. Sorafenib Dosing and Outcomes in Hepatocellular Cancer IN A...
Relapsed Mesothelioma Controlled by Checkpoint Inhibition
IN PATIENTS with malignant pleural mesothelioma, combination immunotherapy with two checkpoint inhibitors in the second or third line of treatment extended survival to at least 15 months in the MAPS2 trial,1 sponsored by the Intergroupe Francophone de Cancérologie Thoracique (IFCT) and reported at ...
‘Clinically Meaningful’ Results With First-Line Osimertinib in EGFR–Positive NSCLC
OSIMERTINIB (TAGRISSO) showed encouraging results as first-line therapy for patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)–mutated non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the phase III FLAURA trial, according to results presented at the 2017 European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO)...
‘Clinically Meaningful’ Results With First-Line Osimertinib in EGFR–Positive NSCLC
OSIMERTINIB (TAGRISSO) showed encouraging results as first-line therapy for patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)–mutated non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the phase III FLAURA trial, according to results presented at the 2017 European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO)...
Momelotinib vs Ruxolitinib in Janus Kinase Inhibitor–Naive Myelofibrosis
In the phase III SIMPLIFY-1 noninferiority trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Mesa et al found that the selective Janus kinase (JAK) 1 and 2 inhibitor momelotinib was noninferior to ruxolitinib (Jakafi) in spleen response, but not symptom response, in JAK inhibitor–naive...
Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab vs Sunitinib Alone as First-Line Therapy for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
A CHANGE IN PARADIGM may be on the horizon for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma. According to the results of CheckMate 214, the combination of ipilimumab (Yervoy) plus nivolumab (Opdivo) outperformed the standard of care—sunitinib (Sutent)—for first-line treatment, with improved...
MSLT-II Completion Lymph Node Dissection Trial: Practice Changing but Not Likely Practice Abandoning
PROBABLY THE MOST IMPORTANT advance in the treatment of newly diagnosed primary melanoma has been the incorporation of sentinel lymph node biopsy as part of initial surgical management. The routine use of sentinel lymph node biopsy, often termed “sentinel lymphadenectomy,” in appropriately...
Expert Point of View: Nicholas Turner, MD
NICHOLAS TURNER, MD, of The Royal Marsden and the Institute of Cancer Research in the UK, called the findings of MONARCH 3 “practice-changing.” The cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors have answered the need for agents that target the biology of estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer, ...
Abemaciclib Plus Endocrine Therapy Extends Progression-Free Survival in First-Line Therapy for Advanced Breast Cancer
THE VALUE OF cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors in advanced breast cancer became ever more certain with the announcement of interim data from MONARCH 3, which evaluated abemaciclib in combination with endocrine therapy as first-line therapy for hormone receptor–positive/HER2-negative...
Can We Have a Successful Vaccine Against Cancer?
EARLY IN our careers, few of us imagined that a vaccine could one day prevent cancer. Now, there is a vaccine that keeps the risks from human papillomavirus (HPV) at bay, and yet universal adoption of the HPV vaccine has been incomplete. As a result of misinformation about the vaccine—and its...
European Commission Approves Obinutuzumab for Previously Untreated Advanced Follicular Lymphoma
On September 22, Roche announced that the European Commission has approved obinutuzumab (Gazyvaro in Europe; available in the United States as Gazyva) in combination with chemotherapy, followed by obinutuzumab maintenance in patients achieving a response, as a new treatment for previously untreated ...
Comparison of First-Line Treatments for EGFR-Mutant NSCLC
The phase III ARCHER 1050 trial has shown superior progression-free survival with the second-generation irreversible epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor dacomitinib vs gefitinib (Iressa) in the first-line treatment of advanced EGFR-mutant non–small cell lung...
