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Showing 7751 - 7800Integrated Collaborative Care Program Highly Successful in Treating Major Depression in Patients With Cancer
In a Scottish study (SMaRT Oncology-2) reported in The Lancet, Sharpe, Walker et al found that an integrated collaborative treatment program for depression (‘depression care for people with cancer’) was associated with significantly higher depression response and remission rates...
Improved Survival with Adjuvant FOLFOX vs Fluorouracil/Leucovorin After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
In a Korean phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Hong et al found that adjuvant FOLFOX (oxaliplatin, fluorouracil [5-FU], leucovorin) prolonged progression-free survival and overall survival vs 5-FU/leucovorin in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who had received neoadjuvant...
Little Molecular Difference and No Prognostic Effect of Clinical HER2 Status in Context of Intrinsic Breast Cancer Subtypes
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Prat et al found that there was little difference in downstream gene or protein expression according to intrinsic breast cancer subtypes among clinical HER2-positive vs -negative breast cancers and that clinical HER2 status did...
AACR’s 2014 Cancer Progress Report Stresses Research Advances and More Federal Funding
The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) released its 2014 Cancer Progress Report today, which highlights the quickening pace of drug development and approval, especially in molecularly targeted agents that are leading to increased numbers of cancer survivors. However, the report also...
ASTRO: Radiation Therapy Alone vs Chemoradiotherapy for Reducing Dysphagia in Advanced Esophageal Cancer
Radiation therapy alone is as effective in decreasing swallowing complications experienced by advanced esophageal cancer patients as radiation therapy combined with chemotherapy, thus allowing patients to forgo chemotherapy, according to research presented at the American Society for Radiation...
Increased Risk of Melanoma in Flight-Based Occupations
Airline pilots and cabin crew are occupationally exposed to higher levels of cosmic and ultraviolet radiation. In a meta-analysis reported in JAMA Dermatology, Sanlorenzo et al found that these people have a more than twofold greater risk of melanoma compared with the general population. Increased ...
Olaparib Tablet Found Safe and Effective in Heavily Pretreated Patients With Ovarian Cancer
A phase Ib clinical trial of the tablet form of olaparib, a PARP inhibitor, in combination with paclitaxel and carboplatin chemotherapy in heavily pretreated patients with advanced-stage ovarian cancer finds the drug to be safe and effective, especially in those women with BRCA gene mutations. The...
ASCO Issues New Guideline on Chemotherapy and Targeted Therapy in Advanced HER2-Negative or Unknown HER2 Status Breast Cancer
The American Society of Clinical Oncology has released a new clinical practice guideline on chemotherapy and targeted therapy for women with advanced HER2-negative or unknown HER2 status breast cancer. The guideline is published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. In formulating the consensus...
No Benefit of Adding Cilengitide in Glioblastoma With Methylated MGMT Promoter
In the phase III CENTRIC EORTC 26071-22072 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Stupp et al found that adding the selective αvβ3 and αvβ5 integrin inhibitor cilengitide to standard temozolomide chemoradiotherapy produced no survival benefit in newly diagnosed glioblastoma...
Small but Statistically Significant Improvement in Overall Survival With Second-Line Addition of Ramucirumab to Docetaxel in Stage IV NSCLC
In the phase III REVEL trial reported in The Lancet, Garon et al found that the addition of the antiangiogenic VEGFR-2 inhibitor ramucirumab (Cyramza) to docetaxel produced a statistically significant improvement in overall survival as second-line treatment in patients with non–small...
Promising Activity of Ibrutinib Plus Rituximab in High-Risk CLL
In a phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Burger et al found that the combination of ibrutinib (Imbruvica) and rituximab (Rituxan) showed promising activity and an encouraging safety profile in patients with previously treated or untreated high-risk chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)....
Increasing Incidence of Merkel Cell Carcinoma in Queensland, Australia
In a study reported in JAMA Dermatology, Youlden et al found that the incidence of Merkel cell carcinoma in Queensland, Australia, a known high-risk area, increased by 2.6% annually between 1993 and 2010. Five-year relative survival was 41%, with significantly better survival found in patients aged ...
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Reduces Postoperative Morbidity in Women With Breast Cancer Undergoing Mastectomy
In a study reported in JAMA Surgery, Abt et al found that neoadjuvant chemotherapy is safe in women with breast cancer undergoing mastectomy with or without immediate breast reconstruction. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was an independent predictor of reduced 30-day postoperative morbidity in women...
More Than 50% of Older, Sick Adults Receive Cancer Screenings Unlikely to Provide Benefit
Despite updates on cancer screening guidelines from several medical societies—including ASCO, the American Cancer Society, the American Urological Association, the American College of Physicians, as well as the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force—which use life expectancy and/or age as...
Oncologists Respond Rapidly to Clinical Trial Evidence on Use of EGFR Inhibitors
Use of panitumumab (Vectibix) and cetuximab (Erbitux) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer decreased significantly after the publication of clinical trial evidence that anti-EGFR antibodies should be restricted to wild-type KRAS tumors, subsequent ASCO guidelines recommending testing for...
NeoALTTO Trial Shows No Benefit of Lapatinib Plus Trastuzumab in Secondary Survival Endpoints in HER2-Positive Early Breast Cancer
The phase III NeoALTTO trial showed a significantly improved pathologic complete response rate with lapatinib (Tykerb) plus trastuzumab (Herceptin) vs either alone in women with HER2-positive early breast cancer. As reported in The Lancet Oncology by de Azambuja et al, the combination was not...
Enzalutamide Increases Time to First Skeletal-Related Event and Improves Quality-of-Life Outcomes in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
In the phase III international AFFIRM trial, enzalutamide (Xtandi) was shown to improve overall survival vs placebo in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer after progression on docetaxel. In an analysis of secondary endpoints reported in The Lancet Oncology, Fizazi et al found...
Phase II Trial Shows Activity of Pemetrexed Plus Cisplatin in Treatment of Advanced, Persistent, or Recurrent Cervical Carcinoma
In a phase II Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Miller et al found that the combination of pemetrexed (Alimta) and cisplatin produced responses in the treatment of advanced, persistent, or recurrent cervical cancer. In the study, 54 patients from...
Growth-Driving Cancer Cells May Be Better Targets for Therapy Than Cells That Proliferate the Fastest, Study Suggests
Of the many subgroups of cells vying for control within a cancerous tumor, the most dangerous may not be those that can proliferate the fastest, researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute reported in a study published in Nature. The findings have important implications for the treatment of cancer...
Results of Genomic Analysis Suggest Strategy for Overcoming Ibrutinib Resistance in Mantle Cell Lymphoma
Although the Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor ibrutinib (Imbruvica) has shown unprecedented clinical activity in mantle cell lymphoma, about 32% of patients do not respond to the drug and majority of responders eventually relapse. Genomic sequencing of tumor and healthy tissue from patients...
Adults With Exclusively Pulmonary Metastases From Ewing Sarcoma May Benefit From Whole-Lung Irradiation
Nearly half of adult patients with lung-only metastases from Ewing sarcoma who received whole-lung irradiation were free of pulmonary relapse at 3 years, according to the results of a retrospective study in the International Journal of Radiation Oncology • Biology • Physics. With few...
Promising Phase Ib Findings With Combined BRAF and MEK Inhibition With Vemurafenib and Cobimetinib in Advanced BRAF V600–Mutant Melanoma
In a phase Ib study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Ribas et al found that the combination of the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib (Zelboraf) and the MEK inhibitor cobimetinib was safe and active in the treatment of advanced BRAF V600–mutant melanoma. Preclinical studies have shown that the...
Phase II Trial Supports Use of First-Line Sunitinib vs Everolimus in Sequential Therapy in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
As reported by Motzer et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, the randomized phase II RECORD-3 trial showed that first-line use of everolimus did not achieve noninferiority in progression-free survival vs sunitinib (Sutent) in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma receiving sequential...
Adding Induction Chemotherapy to Chemoradiotherapy Does Not Improve Survival in Patients With N2 or N3 Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer
In a phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Cohen et al found that induction chemotherapy before chemoradiotherapy did not improve overall survival vs chemoradiotherapy alone in patients with N2 or N3 locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. The study...
Adaptive Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy Strategy May Ensure Adequate Target Coverage in Patients With Cervical Cancer
A novel, dosimetry-triggered, adaptive intensity-modulated radiation therapy strategy for patients with cervical cancer may minimize the risk of target underdosing in the setting of very small margins and substantial interfractional motion, according to a study by Lim et al in the International...
Anti–PD-1 Antibody Pembrolizumab Shows Activity and Good Tolerability in Ipilimumab-Refractory Advanced Melanoma
As reported in The Lancet by Robert et al, the anti–programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) antibody pembrolizumab produced responses and was well tolerated at two dose levels in an expansion cohort of a phase I trial in patients with ipilimumab (Yervoy)-refractory advanced melanoma. In this...
No Disease-Free Survival Benefit of Adjuvant Zoledronic Acid in High-Risk Patients With Early Breast Cancer
In the open-label phase III AZURE trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Coleman et al found that adjuvant zoledronic acid treatment in patients with high-risk early-stage breast cancer provided no overall disease-free survival benefit. A reduction in bone metastases was observed, and women who...
Integrated Safety Analysis Shows Favorable Safety Profile of Single-Agent Trastuzumab Emtansine in HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer
The antibody-drug conjugate ado-trastuzumab emtansine (Kadcyla) is currently indicated in the United States for treatment of patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer who previously received trastuzumab (Herceptin) and a taxane and who have either received prior therapy for metastatic...
No Clinical Outcome Benefit With Aerobic Training Program in Cancer Patients With Heart Failure
In a retrospective analysis in the HF-ACTION trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Jones et al found that a program of aerobic training did not reduce the rate of all-cause mortality or hospitalization in cancer patients with heart failure. Some evidence suggested that patients who...
New Androgen Receptor Inhibitor Shows Activity in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
ODM-201 is a novel androgen receptor inhibitor—structurally distinct from enzalutamide (Xtandi)—that acts via high-affinity binding to the androgen receptor and inhibition of receptor nuclear translocation. In the phase I/II ARADES trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Fizazi et al...
Multidimensional Analysis Provides More Accurate Prognostic Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer
Using a multidimensional platform that combined nanofluidic technology for quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis and quantitative fluorescent immunohistochemistry for protein analysis, researchers at the Danbury Hospital Biomedical Research Institute were able to accurately predict...
French Phase III Trial Shows No Benefit of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation in Stage I and II Esophageal Cancer
The effect of neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy in early-stage esophageal cancer is not clear. In the phase III FFCD 9901 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Mariette et al found that neoadjuvant chemoradiation including fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin did not improve R0...
No Survival Benefit With Everolimus After Failure of Sorafenib in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
The multikinase inhibitor sorafenib (Nexavar) is the only effective systemic treatment available in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. In the phase III EVOLVE-1 trial reported in JAMA, Zhu et al found no survival benefit from treatment with the mTOR inhibitor everolimus (Afinitor) after sorafenib...
Adjuvant Paclitaxel Not Equivalent to Doxorubicin/Cyclophosphamide in Breast Cancer With 0 to 3 Positive Axillary Nodes
In the phase III Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) 40101/Alliance trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Shulman et al found that noninferiority of adjuvant single-agent paclitaxel was not established vs doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide for relapse-free survival in women with operable...
Adding Oxaliplatin to Leucovorin/Fluorouracil Increases Survival in Second-Line Treatment of Gemcitabine-Refractory Pancreatic Cancer
In the German phase III CONKO-003 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Oettle et al found that second-line oxaliplatin, leucovorin, and fluorouracil (5-FU) significantly increased overall survival and time to progression vs leucovorin/5-FU in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer...
No Increased Risk for Cancer in Patients Receiving Tumor Necrosis Factor–Alpha Antagonists for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Some data indicate an increased risk for cancer in patients receiving tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha antagonists (eg, infliximab [Remicade], adalimumab [Humira], certolizumab pegol [Cimzia]) for rheumatoid arthritis. Studies with follow-up of ≤ 1 year have not found increased risk in patients ...
Adding Rilotumumab to First-Line Chemotherapy May Benefit Patients With Advanced Gastric or Esophagogastric Junction Adenocarcinoma
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor MET have been found to promote the proliferation, migration, and survival of tumor cells and to play a role in gastric cancer. In a phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Iveson et al found evidence of benefit from adding the anti-HGF...
Excess Risk of Chronic Late Effects of Treatment in Children With Standard-Risk ALL
Given the changes in treatment of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the risk of late effects in those treated with current protocols may be different from that in children treated decades ago. In a study of survivors of childhood standard-risk ALL reported in The Lancet Oncology,...
Surgical Treatment for Metastatic Melanoma of the Liver Increases Overall Survival in Select Group of Patients
Surgical resection markedly improved survival among metastatic melanoma patients whose disease is isolated to a few areas in the liver, according to new study findings published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons. These results mark a departure for melanoma, which is most often...
American College of Physicians Issues Guideline Recommending Against Routine Pelvic Exams for Asymptomatic Women
A new evidence-based clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians (ACP) is recommending that physicians should not offer routine pelvic examinations to asymptomatic, average-risk, nonpregnant women. The recommendation stems from a review of 52 published articles from 1946...
Phase II Trial Shows Improved Progression-Free Survival but Greater Toxicity With Selumetinib vs Chemotherapy in Metastatic Uveal Melanoma
Oncogenic mutations in GNAQ and GNA11, resulting in MAPK pathway activation, are observed in > 80% of uveal melanomas. In a phase II trial reported in JAMA, Carvajal et al found that treatment with the MEK1/MEK2 inhibitor selumetinib significantly prolonged progression-free survival vs...
Adding Novel Agent to Standard Therapy Improves Survival in Patients With Pancreatic Cancer After Prior Gemcitabine-Based Therapy
The addition of the novel agent MM-398 to standard treatment improved overall survival in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer who have already received gemcitabine, according to a phase III trial reported at the ESMO 16th World Congress on Gastrointestinal Cancer in Barcelona (Abstract...
Event-Free Survival Benefit, Greater Toxicity of Augmented Postremission Therapy for Children/Young Adults With High-Risk Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
In a UK phase III trial (UKALL 2003) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Vora et al found that augmented postremission therapy provided an event-free survival benefit at the cost of increased toxicity in children and young adults with clinical standard- or intermediate-risk but minimal residual...
No Overall Survival Improvement but Some Palliative Benefit With Gefitinib vs Placebo in Esophageal Cancer Progressing After Chemotherapy
In what may be the first randomized trial of systemic therapy in this setting, Dutton and colleagues evaluated gefitinib (Iressa) vs placebo in patients with esophageal cancer progressing after chemotherapy. As reported in The Lancet Oncology, the COG trial showed no survival benefit with gefitinib ...
Adding Antiangiopoietin Agent Trebananib to Paclitaxel Improves Progression-Free Survival in Recurrent Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Trebananib inhibits angiogenesis by blocking the binding of angiopoietins 1 and 2 to the Tie2 receptor expressed on endothelial cells, a mechanism that differs from VEGF inhibitors and that involves a different signaling pathway. In the phase III TRINOVA-1 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology,...
HERA Trial 8-Year Follow-up Shows Low Rate of Trastuzumab-Associated Cardiac Dysfunction
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Azambuja et al found low rates of trastuzumab (Herceptin)-related cardiac dysfunction over a median of 8 years of follow-up in the HERceptin Adjuvant (HERA) trial. The majority of patients with cardiac dysfunction achieved acute recovery. Study...
Development of Orteronel for Prostate Cancer Voluntarily Discontinued by Takeda
Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited announced today that it has voluntarily decided to end the development program for orteronel (TAK-700), an investigational oral, nonsteroidal, selective inhibitor of 17,20-lyase, for prostate cancer. The decision follows the results of two phase III...
Surgical Treatment Delay May Not Result in Worse Outcomes in Patients With Colon Cancer
A “reasonable” delay prior to surgery for colon cancer may not result in worse outcomes, according to the results of a retrospective study presented by Amri et al in the Annals of Surgical Oncology. Flexibility in scheduling surgery may lead to an improvement in the quality and safety...
Combined Index Predicts Early Multiple Myeloma Progression-Related Death in Patients Receiving Front-Line Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation
In a European study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Moreau et al developed and validated a combined index for prognosis in patients with multiple myeloma treated with front-line autologous stem cell transplantation. The index, consisting of high lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level,...
Study Finds Changes in Brain Activity in Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy
A small study of 18 patients with breast cancer treated with chemotherapy has found a significant increase in cognitive complaints and significant correlations between these increases and decreases in multitasking-related brain activation. The study by Deprez et al is published in the Journal of...
