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Showing 6651 - 6700Reduced Use of Radiotherapy for Unresectable Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma in the United States
In a study reported in a research letter in JAMA Surgery, Shapiro et al found that use of radiotherapy in unresectable pancreas cancer has decreased over time and that disparities in use can be identified. Decreasing Use The study involved Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data...
Overall Survival Analysis of LUX-Lung 3 and LUX-Lung 6 Indicates Improvement With Afatinib in Subgroup of EGFR-Mutant Lung Cancer
In an analysis of overall survival in the phase III LUX-Lung 3 and LUX-Lung 6 trials reported in The Lancet Oncology, Yang et al found no significant difference between afatinib (Gilotrif) vs pemetrexed (Alimta)-cisplatin (LUX-Lung 3) or vs gemcitabine-cisplatin (LUX-Lung 6) in previously...
Interval Cancers Are More Aggressive in Nondense Breasts vs Screen-Detected Cancers
In a Swedish study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Holm et al found that interval cancers in women with low mammographic density breasts were more aggressive vs screen-detected cancers in these women and vs interval cancers in women with dense breasts. Use of hormone replacement...
No Reduction in Quality of Life With Addition of Bevacizumab to Chemotherapy in GOG 240 Trial in Advanced Cervical Cancer
The phase III Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) 240 trial showed that the addition of bevacizumab (Avastin) to chemotherapy prolonged survival in patients with advanced cervical cancer. An analysis reported in The Lancet Oncology by Penson et al showed no reduction in quality of life among patients...
Omitting Radiotherapy Ups Local Recurrence Risk in Older Women With Low-Risk Breast Cancer After Breast-Conserving Surgery and Endocrine Therapy
In a phase III trial to assess whether whole-breast irradiation could be omitted in women aged ≥ 65 years with early-stage breast cancer undergoing breast-conserving surgery and receiving adjuvant endocrine treatment, Kunkler et al found increased risk of local recurrence in women not receiving...
Phase II Study Shows Activity of Everolimus and Letrozole in Recurrent Endometrial Carcinoma
Interaction of the estrogen receptor and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways and the finding of resistance to hormonal therapy mediated by PI3K activation suggest a benefit of adding an mTOR inhibitor to hormonal treatment in endometrial carcinoma. In a phase II study reported in the Journal of Clinical...
No Benefit of Panitumumab Plus Radiotherapy vs Cisplatin-Based Chemoradiation in Locally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
In the phase II CONCERT-2 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Giralt et al found that treatment with the EGFR inhibitor panitumumab (Vectibix) plus concurrent radiotherapy was associated with poorer local-regional control vs cisplatin chemoradiation in previously untreated patients with...
No Benefit of Adding Panitumumab to Chemoradiation in Locally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
In the phase II CONCERT-1 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Mesía et al found that adding the EGFR inhibitor panitumumab (Vectibix) to standard cisplatin chemoradiation provided no benefit in previously untreated patients with unresected stage III to IVB head and neck squamous cell...
Vitiligo Predicts Improved Survival in Patients Receiving Immunotherapy for Stage III or IV Melanoma
In a systematic review and meta-analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Teulings et al found that development of vitiligo in patients receiving immunotherapy for stage III or IV melanoma was a significant predictor of improved progression-free and overall survival. The study...
Immune Gene Profile Strongly Associated With Benefit of Adjuvant Trastuzumab in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Perez et al found that an immune function gene profile was associated with significantly improved relapse-free survival among patients with early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer who had trastuzumab (Herceptin) added to adjuvant chemotherapy ...
Evidence of Recurrence-Free, Disease-Free, and Overall Survival Benefit of Aspirin and COX-2 Inhibitors in Stage III Colon Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Ng et al found consistent trends suggesting benefit of aspirin use and COX-2 inhibitor use on recurrence-free, disease-free, and overall survival in patients with stage III colon cancer. Study Details This prospective...
ASCO Clinical Practice Guideline Update 2014: No Change to 2013 Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis and Treatment Guideline
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Lyman et al, an ASCO update committee recommended no changes to the 2013 clinical practice guideline for venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis and treatment after review of 53 new publications in the area that became available between...
Crizotinib Produces Systemic and Intracranial Disease Control in Patients With Advanced ALK-Rearranged NSCLC and Brain Metastases
In a retrospective analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Costa et al found that crizotinib (Xalkori) treatment resulted in high systemic and intracranial disease control rates in patients with ALK-rearranged non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who had asymptomatic brain...
Readmission After Major Cancer Surgery Associated With Discharge Destination and Length of Index Stay
As reported by Stitzenberg et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, a study examining the effect of travel distance on inpatient readmission and outcome after major cancer surgery found that predictors of readmission included discharge to somewhere other than home, longer length of stay,...
Ruxolitinib Better Than Standard Therapy in Polycythemia Vera Patients With Inadequate Response to or Intolerance of Hydroxyurea
In a phase III trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Vannucchi et al found that the JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor ruxolitinib (Jakafi) produced significantly better hematocrit control and reduction in spleen volume than standard treatment in patients with polycythemia vera with inadequate...
European Trial Indicates That Neither Dacarbazine Nor Bleomycin Should Be Omitted From ABVD Regimen for Early-Stage Favorable Hodgkin Lymphoma
In a European open-label noninferiority trial (German Hodgkin Study Group [GHSG)] HD13) reported in The Lancet, Behringer et al found poorer outcomes with omission of dacarbazine or bleomycin from treatment with ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine) in patients with...
Prospective Cohort Study Indicates No Association Between Migraine and Breast Cancer Risk
Some data suggest that migraine is associated with reduced risk of breast cancer. In a prospective cohort study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Winter et al found no association between migraine and breast cancer risk or endogenous sex hormone levels. A meta-analysis...
Ibrutinib Active in Previously Untreated and Relapsed/Refractory CLL With TP53 Aberrations
In a phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Farooqui et al found that single-agent ibrutinib (Imbruvica) had good activity in patients with previously untreated or relapse/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) with TP53 aberrations. Study Details In this single-arm trial, 51...
Retrospective Study Indicates Improved Disease-Free Survival for Complete Mesocolic Excision vs Conventional Surgery for Colon Cancer
In a Danish retrospective population-based study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Bertelsen et al found that complete mesocolic excision resulted in better disease-free survival compared with conventional colon resection in patients with stage I to III colon cancer. Study Details The study...
No Benefit of High- vs Standard-Dose Radiotherapy or for Addition of Cetuximab to Chemoradiation in Stage IIIA or IIIB NSCLC
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Bradley and colleagues, the phase III Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 0617 trial showed no survival benefit of high- vs standard-dose radiotherapy or for addition of cetuximab (Erbitux) to concurrent paclitaxel-carboplatin chemoradiation in patients with...
Final Survival Analysis in COU-AA-302 Shows Benefit of Adding Abiraterone to Prednisone in Chemotherapy-Naive Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
In the final analysis of overall survival in the COU-AA-302 trial, reported in The Lancet Oncology by Ryan et al, the addition of abiraterone acetate (Zytiga) to prednisone significantly prolonged survival in chemotherapy-naive patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer. Abiraterone had...
Pre- and Postdiagnosis Physical Activity and TV Viewing Affect Overall Survival in Colorectal Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Arem et al found that increased leisure-time physical activity prior to and increased activity after colorectal cancer diagnosis were associated with improved overall survival, as was less television watching prior to diagnosis. Study ...
Age-Related Clonal Hematopoiesis Associated With Increased Risk of All-Cause Mortality, Heart Disease, and Stroke, as Well as Blood Cancer
In a study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Jaiswal et al found somatic mutations associated with hematologic cancers at increasing frequency with increasing age, with presence of the mutations being associated with increased risk of hematologic cancers, all-cause mortality,...
RTOG 9804 Trial Shows Reduced Local Failure With Radiotherapy After Breast-Conserving Surgery in Patients With Good-Risk DCIS
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by McCormick et al, the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 9804 trial showed that radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery reduced local failure vs observation in women with good-risk ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). The study was designed...
Clonal Hematopoiesis With Somatic Mutations Increases With Age and Increases Risk of Hematologic Cancer and Mortality
In a study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Genovese et al found that clonal hematopoiesis with somatic mutations is increasingly common with greater age and is associated with increased risk of hematologic cancer. The presence of such clonal hematopoiesis in apparently healthy...
Sorafenib Plus Everolimus Shows Some Activity in Progressive Unresectable High-Grade Osteosarcoma
In an Italian Sarcoma Group phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Grignani et al found that the combination of sorafenib (Nexavar) and everolimus (Afinitor) was active in unresectable high-grade osteosarcoma progressing after standard treatment, but did not produce the study goal of ≥...
RTOG 9910 Trial Shows No Benefit of Longer Androgen Suppression Before Radiotherapy for Localized Prostate Cancer
As reported by Pisansky et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 9910 trial showed no benefit of extending the duration of pre–radiation therapy androgen suppression on survival or disease control among patients with localized prostate cancer....
No Utility of AJCC Stage IA vs Stage IB Designation in Breast Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Mittendorf et al found no differences in recurrence-free, disease-specific, or overall survival between patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage IA breast cancer and those with stage IB disease. Estrogen receptor status...
Genetic Diagnosis by Exome Sequencing Feasible for Familial Colorectal Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Chubb et al found that genetic diagnosis of high-penetrance susceptibility to colorectal cancer can be achieved in a sizeable proportion of familial colorectal cancer cases via exome sequencing for germline mutations. Study Details The...
Entecavir Reduces HBV-Related Hepatitis and HBV Reactivation vs Lamivudine in Lymphoma Patients Receiving R-CHOP
In a Chinese study reported in JAMA, Huang et al found that treatment with entecavir (guanosine analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor) reduced hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatitis and HBV reactivation compared with lamivudine (cytidine analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor) in HBV-positive...
No Survival Benefit of Adding Erlotinib to Sorafenib in Advanced Hepatocelluar Carcinoma
In the phase III SEARCH trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Zhu et al found no overall survival benefit of adding erlotinib (Tarceva) to sorafenib (Nexavar) in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Study Details In this double-blind trial conducted in 26 countries in...
Poor Health Status More Common Among Childhood Cancer Survivors vs Siblings, With Age‑Related Increase in Prevalence
In a study in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Cohort reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Hudson et al found that poor health status was more common in survivors than in siblings, with an age-related increase in prevalence particularly evident in female survivors. In the study, 22,568...
Prime-Boost Vaccine Increases Survival in Metastatic Pancreas Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Le et al found that adding Listeria monocytogenes–expressing mesothelin (CRS-207) boost to GVAX pancreas vaccine priming resulted in improved overall survival in patients with previously treated metastatic pancreas adenocarcinoma....
Poor Geographic Accessibility of Advanced Cancer Clinical Trial Sites
It is estimated that approximately 2% to 7% of U.S. adult patients with cancer participate in clinical trials, and poor geographic accessibility of clinical trial sites contributes to this low participation. In a study reported in JAMA Internal Medicine, Galsky et al found that approximately 40% to ...
Addition of Linifanib to Carboplatin-Paclitaxel Increases Progression-Free Survival and Toxicity in Advanced Nonsquamous NSCLC
In a phase II trial reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Ramalingam et al found that the addition of the VEGFR and PDGFR inhibitor linifanib to carboplatin-paclitaxel increased progression-free survival in patients with advanced nonsquamous non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The...
Low Sentinel Node Biopsy False-Negative Rate With Immunohistochemistry After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Biopsy-Proven Node-Positive Breast Cancer
In the phase II SN FNAC (Sentinel Node Biopsy Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy) trial, reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Boileau et al found a sentinel node biopsy false-negative rate of 8.4% with mandatory use of immunohistochemistry and a sentinel node biopsy identification rate of...
Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation Prolongs Recurrence-Free Survival in NPM1-Mutant AML
In an analysis of the Study Alliance Leukemia (SAL) AML 2003 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Röllig et al found that allogeneic stem cell transplantation significantly prolonged recurrence-free survival in patients with NPM1-mutant acute myeloid leukemia (AML). NPM1...
Phase II Study Shows Activity of Paclitaxel Added to Trastuzumab/Pertuzumab in HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer
In a phase II trial reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Dang et al found that the addition of weekly paclitaxel to trastuzumab (Herceptin)/pertuzumab (Perjeta) produced good activity in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. Paclitaxel may be a less toxic alternative to...
Anamorelin Increases Lean Body Mass in Patients With Cancer Cachexia
In an integrated analysis of two phase II trials reported in The Lancet Oncology, Garcia et al found that treatment with anamorelin, an oral ghrelin-receptor agonist with appetite-enhancing and anabolic activity, produced a gain in lean body mass in patients with cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome. ...
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Improves Insomnia After Cancer Treatment With No Difference in Combination With Placebo or Armodafinil
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Roscoe et al found that cognitive behavioral therapy combined with placebo or the wakefulness-promoting agent armodafinil (Nuvigil) had similar beneficial effects on insomnia and sleep quality in cancer survivors. Study Details In the study, 96 ...
Revised Risk Classification for Pediatric Extracranial Germ Cell Tumors
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Frazier et al used data from U.S. and UK clinical trials to identify a high-risk group of patients with pediatric extracranial germ cell tumors. Study Details The study involved data from seven germ cell tumor trials conducted by the...
Thoracic Radiotherapy Benefits Patients With Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer Who Responded to Chemotherapy
In a phase III trial reported in The Lancet, Slotman et al found that while thoracic radiotherapy vs no thoracic radiotherapy was not associated with a significant improvement in 1-year overall survival, the primary endpoint of the study, it significantly improved 2-year overall survival and...
ASCO Endorses ESMO Guideline on Hereditary Colorectal Cancer Syndromes
Approximately 5% to 6% of cases of colorectal cancer are associated with germline mutations conferring an inherited predisposition for disease. As reported by Stoffel et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, ASCO has endorsed, with qualifying statements, the European Society for Medical Oncology...
Asian Cancer Survivors Report Poorer Care Communication and Care Quality
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Palmer et al found that Asian cancer survivors reported poorer care communication and care quality compared with white patients. Study Details The study involved 1,196 survivors of breast, prostate, colorectal, ovarian, and endometrial...
No Benefit of COX-2 Inhibitor Apricoxib in Combination With Docetaxel or Pemetrexed in Second-line Treatment of Patients With Biomarker-Selected NSCLC
In a phase II study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Edelman et al found no benefit of adding the daily COX-2 inhibitor apricoxib to second-line docetaxel or pemetrexed (Alimta) in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who exhibited suppressed levels of the urinary...
Low Prostate Cancer Mortality in Long-Term Follow-up of Canadian Active Surveillance Cohort
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Klotz et al found that 1.5% of prostate cancer patients in a Canadian active surveillance cohort died from the disease during up to 16 years of follow-up. Study Details The study involved 993 men with favorable-risk prostate cancer who were ...
No Association of Aromatase Inhibitor–Related Musculoskeletal and Vasomotor Symptoms With Relapse-Free Survival in NCIC CTG MA.27 Analysis
Retrospective analyses of the ATAC, TEAM, and BIG 1-98 adjuvant endocrine therapy trials in breast cancer have suggested that treatment-emergent endocrine symptoms may be associated with superior survival outcomes. In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Stearns et al found no...
Increased Mastectomy Use in Patients With Early-Stage Breast Cancer
In a national retrospective cohort study reported in JAMA Surgery, Kummerow et al found that an increased proportion of women with breast cancer eligible for breast-conserving surgery have undergone mastectomy during recent years. The study involved data from > 1.2 million women with...
Management of Cancer Pain Has Improved but Remains Inadequate
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Greco et al updated a 2008 systematic review on cancer pain management. Improvements were seen between 2008 and 2013, but approximately one-third of patients still do not receive pain medication adequate for reported pain intensity. Changes...
Institutional Experience Significantly Affects Overall Survival in Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Wuthrick et al found that patients with stage III or IV head and neck cancer in the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 0129 trial who were treated at historically high-accruing centers in RTOG clinical trials had significantly better...
