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Showing 6651 - 6700LAMC2 Increases the Metastatic Potential of Lung Adenocarcinoma
Mechanisms of lung cancer metastasis remain largely undefined. In a study reported in Cell Death & Differentiation that used genome-wide transcriptional analysis in a metastasis model, Moon and colleagues found that the epithelial basement membrane protein laminin γ2 (LAMC2) was significantly...
PEDF Improves Lung Cancer Response to Radiation via Vasculature Normalization
In a study reported in Cancer Gene Therapy, Xu and colleagues found that the addition of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) to radiation improved tumor response in a mouse model of lung cancer. Lewis lung cancer allografts in nude mice were treated with radiation, PEDF, and PEDF plus...
'Bipolar' Androgen Therapy in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Resistance to castrating therapy and androgen deprivation therapy in prostate cancer is due in part to adaptive upregulation of androgen receptor levels by castration-resistant prostate cancer cells in the setting of prolonged exposure to a low-testosterone environment. In a study reported in...
Expert Point of View: Matthew J. Ellis, MB, BChir, PhD
Matthew J. Ellis, MB, BChir, PhD, Director of the Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, commented on endocrine resistance and the potential of the four-gene panel for assessing resistance for The ASCO Post. Endocrine response and resistance is a research focus...
Ramucirumab in Metastatic Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs. In December 12, 2014, ramucirumab (Cyramza) was approved for use in ...
Five Organizations Awarded 2015 International Innovation Grants to Improve Cancer Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
The Conquer Cancer Foundation of ASCO has announced the five recipients of the 2015 International Innovation Grant. This grant supports novel and innovative projects that may improve diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of cancer in low- and middle-income countries. For 2015, the 1-year grants of...
Novel Genomic Signature Predicts Postcystectomy Recurrence in High-Risk Bladder Cancer
As reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Anirban P. Mitra, MD, PhD, of the University of Southern California, and colleagues identified a novel genome-based signature that improves prediction of postcystectomy recurrence in patients with high-risk bladder cancer.1 Use of the...
Ruxolitinib for Polycythemia Vera
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs. On December 4, 2014, ruxolitinib (Jakafi) was approved for the...
Dr. Howard Fine Named Founding Director of the Brain Tumor Center at NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center
Howard A. Fine, MD, has been appointed to lead the newly established neuro-oncology program at NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, effective February 2. He will serve as Director of the Brain Tumor Center and Associate Director for Translational Research in the Sandra and...
No Benefit of Adding Iniparib to Gemcitabine/Carboplatin in Metastatic Triple‑Negative Breast Cancer
In a phase III trial reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Joyce O’Shaughnessy, MD, of Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Dallas, and colleagues found that the addition of iniparib to gemcitabine and carboplatin did not improve overall survival or progression-free survival in patients...
New Product May Help to Reduce Non-Compliance
A novel product created to help reduce medication non-adherence was recently recognized by the 2014 Pharma Choice Awards as the top innovative branded technology. The product, called “remind-a-cap” is a customizable and patented pill bottle cap with an ergonomic dial to set for next dosing. The cap ...
ASCO Endorses ESMO Guideline on Hereditary Colorectal Cancer Syndromes
Approximately 5% to 6% of cases of colorectal cancer are associated with germline mutations conferring an inherited predisposition for disease. As reported by Stoffel and colleagues in the Journal of Clinical Oncology,1 ASCO has endorsed, with qualifying statements, the European Society for Medical ...
Surgery Plus Immunotherapy Improves Survival in Melanoma Patients With Gastrointestinal Metastases
When melanoma patients develop metastases to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract or pancreas, resection of these lesions may improve survival, according to two single-institution studies presented at the 2015 Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium. In a study that earned a Merit Award, researchers reported ...
Palbociclib as Initial Endocrine-Based Therapy in Postmenopausal Women With Metastatic Breast Cancer
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs. On February 3, 2015, palbociclib (Ibrance) was granted...
PD-1 Blockade With Nivolumab Produces High Response Rate in Relapsed/Refractory Hodgkin Lymphoma
Anti–PD-1 antibodies have been shown to be effective in solid tumors. There is evidence that the malignant Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin lymphomas use the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) pathway to evade immune detection, with alterations in chromosome 9p24.1 increasing levels of the PD-1...
Combination Treatment Every 2 Weeks May Benefit Some Women With High-Risk Early-Stage Breast Cancer
In a phase III trial (SWOG S0221) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, George T. Budd, MD, of Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, and colleagues found no difference in disease-free survival among four different combinations of continuous or every-other-week...
Clonal Hematopoiesis With Somatic Mutations Increases Risk of Hematologic Cancer, Mortality, and Cardiovascular Disease
In two studies recently reported in The New England Journal of Medicine,1,2 whole-exome sequencing of DNA from peripheral blood cells of individuals unselected for hematologic phenotype showed that clonal hematopoiesis with somatic mutations is increasingly common with increasing age and is...
First-Line Crizotinib Improves Progression-Free Survival vs Chemotherapy in ALK-Positive NSCLC
In a phase III trial (PROFILE 1014) reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Benjamin J. Solomon, MB, BS, PhD, of Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, and colleagues found that the ALK inhibitor crizotinib (Xalkori) improved progression-free survival vs standard chemotherapy in...
Lenvatinib in Advanced Radioiodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs. On February 13, 2015, lenvatinib (Lenvima) was approved for the...
Nivolumab Shows Activity in Previously Treated Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
In a randomized phase II trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Robert J. Motzer, MD, of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, and colleagues found that the programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibitor antibody nivolumab (Opdivo) was associated with...
Panobinostat in Combination With Bortezomib‑Dexamethasone in Previously Treated Multiple Myeloma
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs. On February 23, 2015, panobinostat (Farydak) was granted...
Lenalidomide in Combination With Dexamethasone in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs. On February 18, 2015, the indication for lenalidomide (Revlimid)...
Adjuvant Ovarian Suppression May Benefit Women With Premenopausal Breast Cancer Who Received Prior Chemotherapy
In a phase III trial (SOFT) reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Prudence A. Francis, MD, of Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia, Meredith M. Regan, ScD, of IBCSG Statistical Centre at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, and colleagues found that the addition of...
Hypofractionated Whole-Breast Irradiation After Breast-Conserving Surgery Used in Up to One-Third of Eligible Patients
In a study reported in JAMA, Justin E. Bekelman, MD, of the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, and colleagues found that approximately two-thirds of patients with early-stage breast cancer for whom hypofractionated whole-breast irradiation (for 3–5 weeks) was endorsed received...
Expert Point of View: Matthew I. Milowsky, MD
Commenting on the study presented by Galsky et al at the Genitourinary Cancers Symposium, Matthew I. Milowsky, MD, Section Chief, Genitourinary Cancer, at the Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, agreed with Dr. Galsky that it is unlikely that we will...
Adjuvant Chemotherapy Favored in Locally Advanced Bladder Cancer Not Treated With Neoadjuvant Therapy
A large observational study presented at the 2015 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium in Orlando, Florida, found that adjuvant chemotherapy extended the likelihood of survival in locally advanced bladder cancer compared with observation alone.1 Using three different approaches to propensity scores...
Antiangiogenesis Plus Chemotherapy Pursued in Advanced Bladder Cancer
Two separate phase II studies lend support to the concept of antiangiogenesis in advanced bladder cancer. The combination of an antiangiogenic agent and chemotherapy may fulfill an unmet need in this disease, the studies suggest. Both studies were presented at the 2015 Genitourinary Cancers...
Adding Cetuximab to First-Line FOLFIRI Does Not Benefit Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients With RAS Mutations
The phase III CRYSTAL trial showed that the addition of cetuximab (Erbitux) to first-line FOLFIRI (fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan) significantly improved overall survival, progression-free survival, and objective response rates in patients with KRAS codon 12/13 (exon 2) wild-type...
Nivolumab in Metastatic Squamous Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer After Platinum Therapy
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs. On March 4, 2015, the anti–programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) ...
Increased Progression-Free Survival With Addition of Carfilzomib to Lenalidomide/Dexamethasone in Relapsed Multiple Myeloma
In a planned interim analysis of the phase III ASPIRE trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, A. Keith Stewart, MB, ChB, of the Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, and colleagues found that the addition of the proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib (Kyprolis) to lenalidomide...
Researchers and Scientists Honored for Improving Cancer Prevention, Treatment, and Patient Care
The ASCO Special Awards recognize the dedication and significant contributions of researchers, patient advocates, and leaders of the global oncology community to enhancing cancer prevention, treatment, and patient care. Among this year’s awardees are an international leader in geriatric oncology...
No Overall Survival Difference for Immediate vs Deferred Chemotherapy After Radical Cystectomy in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
In the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) 30994 trial, a phase III intergroup study reported in The Lancet Oncology,1 Cora N. Sternberg, MD, FACP, Chief of Medical Oncology at San Camillo and Forlanini Hospitals, Rome, and colleagues found no overall survival...
Biosimilar Filgrastim-sndz in Filgrastim Indications
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs. On March 6, 2015, the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor...
Calculating H-Score
Immunohistochemistry results can be further evaluated by a semiquantitative approach used to assign an H-score (or “histo” score) to tumor samples.1,2 First, membrane staining intensity (0, 1+, 2+, or 3+) is determined for each cell in a fixed field. The H-score may simply be based on a predominant ...
No Benefit of High- vs Standard-Dose Radiotherapy or Addition of Cetuximab to Chemoradiation in Stage IIIA/IIIB NSCLC
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Jeffrey D. Bradley, MD, of Washington University, and colleagues, the phase III Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 0617 trial showed no survival benefit of high- vs standard-dose radiotherapy or addition of cetuximab (Erbitux) to concurrent...
Dinutuximab in Pediatric High-Risk Neuroblastoma
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs. On March 10, 2015, the chimeric monoclonal antibody dinutuximab...
Cabozantinib Fails to Improve Survival in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Final results of the phase III, randomized double-blind, controlled COMET-1 trial were disappointing. Although the oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor cabozantinib (Cometriq) improved several secondary endpoints compared with prednisone, including bone scan response and progression-free survival, the...
Immune Gene Profile Strongly Associated With Benefit of Adjuvant Trastuzumab in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Edith A. Perez, MD, of the Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, and colleagues found that an immune function gene profile was associated with significantly improved relapse-free survival among patients with early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer who...
Persistence of HER2-Specific CAR T Cells in HER2-Positive Sarcoma
In a phase I/II study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology,1 Nabil Ahmed, MD, MSc, of Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, and colleagues, found that infusion of T cells expressing HER2-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) with a CD28.ζ signaling domain (HER2-CAR T cells) could produce...
Evidence of Recurrence-Free, Disease-Free, and Overall Survival Benefit of Aspirin and COX‑2 Inhibitor Use in Stage III Colon Cancer
In an analysis from the Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) 89803 adjuvant trial reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Kimmie Ng, MD, MPH, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, and colleagues found consistent trends suggesting benefit of aspirin use and cyclo-oxygenase-2...
Complete Regression of Metastatic Cervical Cancer Is Observed After Treatment With HPV-Targeted Tumor-Infiltrating T Cells
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology,1 researchers at the National Cancer Institute observed complete regression of metastatic cervical tumors in two patients following a single infusion of human papillomavirus (HPV)-targeted tumor-infiltrating T cells. In the protocol, nine patients...
Analysis Shows No Link Between Aromatase Inhibitor–Related Musculoskeletal/Vasomotor Symptoms and Relapse-Free Survival
Retrospective analyses of the ATAC, TEAM, and BIG 1-98 adjuvant endocrine therapy trials in breast cancer have suggested that treatment-emergent endocrine symptoms may be associated with superior survival outcomes. In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vered Stearns, MD,...
Radiotherapy or Not in Older Women Receiving Breast-Conserving Surgery and Endocrine Treatment?
In the phase III PRIME II trial, designed to assess whether whole-breast irradiation could be omitted in women aged ≥ 65 years with early-stage breast cancer undergoing breast-conserving surgery and receiving adjuvant endocrine treatment, Ian H. Kunkler, MB BChir, FRCR, of Western General Hospital, ...
Impact of Informed Decision-Making on Breast Cancer Screening
In a study reported in Lancet, Jolyn Hersch, MApplSc, of the University of Sydney, and colleagues found that use of a decision aid containing information on overdetection in breast cancer screening was associated with an increased rate of informed choice regarding screening, a reduced rate of...
Improved Progression-Free Survival With Brentuximab Vedotin After Transplantation in Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients
In the phase III AETHERA trial reported in The Lancet, Craig H. Moskowitz, MD, of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and colleagues found that brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris) consolidation therapy after autologous stem cell transplantation prolonged progression-free survival by 18 months vs...
EGFR Amplification/Overexpression Associated With Improved Response of Glioblastoma to Metronomic Temozolomide
In a study reported in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Cominelli and colleagues found that EGFR amplification/overexpression was associated with improved response of glioblastoma to adjuvant metronomic (every day of a 28 day cycle at a dosing of 50-75 mg/m2) but not standard (5...
IGF2 May Be Target in Colorectal Cancer With Stable Disease As Response to Anti-EGFR Therapy
In a study exploring the mechanisms of stabilized disease vs tumor regression with targeted anti–epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy in colorectal cancer reported in Science Translational Medicine, Zanella and colleagues found that stable disease as response was characterized by...
Bispecific Antibody Recruitment to Increase Antitumor Activity of Adoptive T-Cell Transfer
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Kobold and colleagues assessed whether combining tumor-specific T cells modified with a marker antigen and a bispecific antibody that selectively recognizes transduced T cells and tumor cells could improve T-cell recruitment to...
CLEOPATRA Overall Survival Analysis: Significant Benefit for Pertuzumab Plus Trastuzumab/Docetaxel in HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Sandra M. Swain, MD, of Washington Cancer Institute, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, and colleagues, the final prespecified overall survival analysis in the phase III CLEOPATRA study showed a significant 15.7-month increase in median overall ...
Ramucirumab With FOLFIRI in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs. On April 24, the monoclonal antibody ramucirumab (Cyramza) was...
