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Showing 5201 - 5250Good Outcome Reported With Unrelated-Donor Cord Blood Transplantation in Patients With Minimal Residual Disease
Survival with hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) from unrelated cord-blood donors was at least as good as that with HLA-matched unrelated donors and better than that with HLA-mismatched unrelated donors in patients with acute leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome who had pretransplantation...
Overall Survival With Everolimus in Advanced Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors in the RADIANT-3 Trial
As reported by Yao et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, the final overall survival analysis from the phase III RADIANT-3 trial showed a median survival of 44.0 months among patients with advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors initially randomized to receive everolimus (Afinitor, Zortress)...
Joint Presence of Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity Seems to Be Associated With Poorer Survival in Early-Stage Colorectal Cancer
In a study in Kaiser Permanante patients reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Cespedes Feliciano et al found that the joint presence of obesity and metabolic syndrome in those with early-stage colorectal cancer was associated with poorer overall and colorectal cancer–specific...
Study Suggests Role of Bilateral Oophorectomy in Preventing Premenopausal Breast Cancer in BRCA2- but Not BRCA1-Mutation Carriers
Bilateral oophorectomy was associated with prevention of premenopausal breast cancer in BRCA2- but not BRCA1-mutation carriers, according to a study reported by Kotsopoulos et al in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. The study included 3,722 women with BRCA mutations in a prospective...
Everolimus Plus Bevacizumab Shows Activity in Advanced Non–Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
The combination of everolimus (Afinitor, Zortress) and bevacizumab (Avastin) was associated with clinical benefit in advanced non–clear cell renal cell carcinoma with a major papillary component, according to a single-center phase II trial reported by Voss et al in the Journal of Clinical...
Similar 10-Year Survival Reported With Active Monitoring, Surgery, or Radiotherapy for PSA-Detected Localized Prostate Cancer
In a UK trial (ProtecT) reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Hamdy et al found no significant differences in prostate cancer–specific or overall mortality among men with localized prostate cancer detected by prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing who underwent active monitoring,...
PSA Failure Seems to Be Linked to Poorer Survival in Men With Unfavorable-Risk Prostate Cancer and No/Minimal Comorbidity
In an analysis of a clinical trial population reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Giacalone et al found that prostate-specific antigen (PSA) failure was associated with an increased risk of mortality among men with unfavorable-risk prostate cancer who had no or minimal comorbidity burden. ...
NCI Colorectal Cancer Risk Assessment Tool Estimates Current Risk of Advanced Neoplasia
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Imperiale et al found that the National Cancer Institute (NCI) colorectal cancer risk assessment tool was able to estimate the current risk for advanced colorectal neoplasia. Study Details The study involved 4,457 persons aged...
Shorter Survival Reported With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy vs Primary Reductive Surgery in Stage IIIC Ovarian Cancer
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with shorter survival vs primary cytoreductive surgery in patients with stage IIIC ovarian cancer, according to a multi-institute observational study reported by Meyer et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. The study involved 1,538 women with stage IIIC...
Improved Quality of Life Reported With Carfilzomib, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone in Relapsed Multiple Myeloma
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Stewart et al found that treatment with carfilzomib (Kyprolis), lenalidomide (Revlimid), and dexamethasone (KRd) was associated with improved health-related quality of life vs lenalidomide/dexamethasone (Rd) in relapsed multiple myeloma in the phase...
Autopsy Data Suggest No Increase in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Over Past Few Decades
The prevalence of incidental differentiated thyroid cancer has remained fairly stable since the 1970s, according to a meta-analysis of autopsy data reported by Furuya-Kanamori et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. This finding does not support the reports of manyfold increases in...
Durable Responses Reported With Avelumab in Chemotherapy-Refractory Metastatic Merkel Cell Carcinoma
In a phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Kaufman et al found that the anti–PD-L1 (programmed cell death ligand 1) monoclonal antibody avelumab produced durable responses in patients with stage IV Merkel cell carcinoma progressing after cytotoxic chemotherapy. Study Details In...
Little Benefit Reported With WBRT in NSCLC Patients With Brain Metastases Unsuitable for Resection or Stereotactic Radiotherapy
In a UK-based phase III noninferiority trial (QUARTZ) reported in The Lancet, Mulvenna et al found that use of whole-brain radiotherapy in addition to optimal supportive care including dexamethasone was associated with little additional benefit in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients...
Study Finds HIV Infection Linked to Reduced Survival Among Women With Cervical Cancer in Botswana
Despite access to and use of antiretroviral therapy, HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection was associated with reduced survival in women with cervical cancer in Botswana, according to a study reported by Dryden-Peterson et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. Study Details The study...
Early FDG-PET and Volumetric Analysis May Be Best Predictors of Benefit in Ewing Sarcoma
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Koshkin et al found that among anatomic and functional imaging modalities, volumetric analysis and outcome with early 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)–positron-emission tomography (PET) were the best predictors of benefit in patients with...
Is Weekly Vinblastine Active in Chemotherapy-Naive Children With Progressive Low-Grade Glioma?
In a phase II Canadian Pediatric Brain Tumor Consortium Study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Lassaletta et al found that vinblastine monotherapy was associated with response or stable disease in most children with chemotherapy-naive low-grade glioma. Vinblastine monotherapy has shown ...
ASCO and AACI Collaborate on Initiative to Reduce Administrative and Regulatory Burden in Cancer Clinical Trials
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vose et al have provided a summary of the groundwork of an initiative by ASCO and the Association of American Cancer Institutes (AACI) to identify and reduce administrative and regulatory burdens in the conduct of cancer clinical trials. The...
Study Suggests Benefit of Adjuvant Radiation Therapy but Not Chemotherapy in Some Patients With Merkel Cell Carcinoma
In an analysis of National Cancer Data Base data reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Bhatia et al found that adjuvant radiotherapy was associated with a survival benefit in patients with stage I and II but not stage III Merkel cell carcinoma, with no benefit of adjuvant...
New SSO, ASTRO, ASCO Joint Ductal Carcinoma in Situ Consensus Guideline Could Curb Unnecessary Breast Surgery and Reduce Health-System Costs
Three leading national cancer organizations have issued a consensus guideline for physicians treating women who have ductal carcinoma in situ treated with breast-conserving surgery with whole-breast irradiation. The new guideline has the potential to save many women from unnecessary surgeries,...
Venetoclax Produces High Response Rate in Relapsed or Refractory CLL With 17p Deletion
In a pivotal phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Stephan Stilgenbauer, MD, of Ulm University, Germany, and colleagues found that the BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax (ABT-199) produced a high response rate in patients with relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) with the 17p ...
Is Extramedullary Disease at Diagnosis Prognostic in Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia?
The presence of extramedullary disease at acute myeloid leukemia (AML) diagnosis was not an independent prognostic factor for worse survival, based on an analysis of data from the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group–American College of Radiology Imaging Network (ECOG-ACRIN) reported by Ganzel...
DNA Methylation Assay May Improve Diagnosis of Cancer of an Unknown Primary
As reported in The Lancet Oncology, Moran et al developed a classifier of cancer type based on microarray DNA methylation signatures (EPICUP assay), which has showed promise in diagnosing cancers of an unknown primary. Study Details The tumor type classifier was developed in a training set of...
Nivolumab Achieves Response in Most Patients With Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma After ASCT and Brentuximab Vedotin
In a phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology by Anas Younes, MD, of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and colleagues, treatment with the anti–PD-1 (programmed cell death protein 1) immune checkpoint inhibitor nivolumab (Opdivo) produced response in two-thirds of patients with...
Use of Pembrolizumab in Recurrent/Metastatic Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma After Platinum-Containing Therapy
On August 5, 2016, pembrolizumab (Keytruda) was granted accelerated approval for treatment of patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and disease progression on or after platinum-containing chemotherapy.1,2 As a condition of the accelerated approval, Merck is...
Global Curriculum in Surgical Oncology Outlined by Society of Surgical Oncology and European Society of Surgical Oncology
As reported by Chandrakanth Are, MBBS, MBA, FRCS, FACS, of the University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, and colleagues at the Society of Surgical Oncology (SSO) and European Society of Surgical Oncology (ESSO), the rising global burden of cancer and inequalities in surgical oncology education ...
Continued ABVD vs Omission of Bleomycin (AVD) After Negative Imaging Findings in Advanced Hodgkin Lymphoma
In a phase III trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Peter Johnson, MD, of the Cancer Research UK Centre, University of Southampton, and colleagues found similar efficacy with continued ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine) vs omission of bleomycin (AVD) after...
Study Finds Minimal Residual Disease Assessment Improves Prediction of Outcome in CLL Responders
Assessment of minimal residual disease was associated with improved prediction of outcome in responders, as well as complete responders, in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who respond to treatment. Kovacs et al reported these findings, which are based on an analysis of two phase...
Does Intensified Postoperative Chemotherapy for High-Grade Osteosarcoma Benefit Poor Responders to Preoperative Therapy?
In a phase III trial (EURAMOS-1) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Marina et al found no improvement in event-free survival by adding postoperative ifosfamide/etoposide to cisplatin, doxorubicin, and methotrexate in patients with newly diagnosed high-grade osteosarcoma who responded poorly to...
Continuation of Docetaxel May Improve Survival in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
The number of docetaxel cycles completed was associated with improved overall survival among men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer receiving docetaxel, prednisone, and lenalidomide (Revlimid; DPL) or docetaxel/prednisone (DP), in the phase III Mainsail trial. de Morrée et...
Discrepancies Between Current ASCO-CAP Guidelines on HER2 Amplification Testing and Designations in BCIRG Trials
In an analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Press et al found notable discrepancies between recent ASCO–College of American Pathologists (ASCO-CAP) changes in the recommendations for evaluation of HER2 amplification by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and FISH scores...
Early-Stage Prostate Cancer Incidence Rates Decline, Distant-Stage Disease Rates Unchanged in 2013
Jemal et al described findings indicating a continued decline in the incidence of localized/regional-stage prostate cancer at 2 years after the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation against routine prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening in men aged ≥ 50 years in 2011, in a letter ...
Better Overall Survival Reported With FOLFIRI Plus Cetuximab vs Plus Bevacizumab in RAS Wild-Type Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
In a post hoc analysis of the German phase III FIRE-3 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Stintzing et al found that first-line FOLFIRI (fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan) plus cetuximab (Erbitux) was associated with improved overall survival vs FOLFIRI plus bevacizumab (Avastin) in an...
Study Finds Gemcitabine/Cisplatin Improved Outcome vs Fluorouracil/Cisplatin in Recurrent or Metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
In a Chinese phase III trial reported in The Lancet, Zhang et al found that gemcitabine/cisplatin improved progression-free survival vs fluorouracil/cisplatin in patients with recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Study Details In the open-label trial, 362 patients from 22 sites in...
European Studies Compare Conventional vs Hypofractionated Radiotherapy for Localized Prostate Cancer
Two recent European phase III trials with different study designs focused on hypofractionated vs conventional radiotherapy in localized prostate cancer. Investigators in the CHHiP trial1 showed that the hypofractionated approach is noninferior to standard fractionation, with no increase in side...
HSD3B1 Allele May Be Associated With Resistance to Androgen-Deprivation Therapy and Poorer Outcome in Prostate Cancer
In a retrospective multicohort study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Hearn et al found that the inherited HSD3B1 (1245C) allele was significantly associated with resistance to androgen-deprivation therapy and poorer outcome in men with prostate cancer. HSD3B1 (1245A>C) has been linked to...
Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Crohn’s-Like Lymphoid Reaction May Be Prognostic Indicators for Colorectal Cancer
Intratumoral tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte level and prominent peritumoral Crohn’s-like lymphoid reaction appear to be independent prognostic factors for survival in colorectal cancer, according to a study reported by Rozek et al in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. The findings...
Higher Baseline Metabolic Tumor Volume May Predict Poorer Outcome in Patients With High Tumor Burden Follicular Lymphoma
In a pooled analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Meignan et al found that higher baseline total metabolic tumor volume measured by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron-emission tomography–computed tomography (FDG PET-CT) was associated with poorer outcome in patients...
Predicted Burden of Cervical Cancer With vs Without Effective Screening in Baltic, Central, and Eastern European Countries
Vaccarella et al estimated changes in the incidence of cervical cancer through 2040 in six Baltic, central, and eastern European (BCEE) countries on the hypotheses of continued absence of effective screening programs vs progressive implementation of such programs. Their findings were reported in...
Incidence of PD-1 Inhibitor–Related Pneumonitis in Advanced NSCLC, Renal Cell Carcinoma, and Melanoma
In a systematic review and meta-analysis reported in JAMA Oncology, Nishino et al identified the rates of PD-1 (programmed cell death protein 1) inhibitor–related pneumonitis in patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), renal cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Rates were...
Psychosocial Adjustment, Breast Cancer–Specific Distress in Adolescent Girls From BRCA1/2-Positive and Breast Cancer Families
Adolescent girls from BRCA1/2-positive and breast cancer families appear to have higher self-esteem and similar psychosocial adjustment compared with their peers but experience greater breast cancer–specific distress and perceived risk of breast cancer. Bradbury et al reported these findings...
Adding Daratumumab to Bortezomib/Dexamethasone Improves Progression-Free Survival in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma
In the phase III CASTOR trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Palumbo et al found that adding the anti-CD38 antibody daratumumab (Darzalex) to bortezomib (Velcade) and dexamethasone markedly improved progression-free survival among patients with relapsed or relapsed and refractory...
Epigenetic Dysregulation of MicroRNA-34A Identified in TP53-Related Cancer Risk
In a genome-wide DNA-methylation analysis to identify genes implicated in Li-Fraumeni syndrome, Samuel et al found a significant association of loss-of-function <em>TP53</em> mutations with differential methylation at the locus encoding microRNA-34A (miR-34A). The study was reported in...
Study Finds Chemotherapy May Be Avoidable in Women With Early Breast Cancer at High Clinical but Low Genomic Risk on 70-Gene Signature Assay
In a phase III trial (MINDACT) reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Cardoso et al found that adjuvant chemotherapy may be avoidable in women with early-stage breast cancer who are at high clinical risk but low genomic risk as determined by the 70-gene signature assay (MammaPrint)....
Study Finds Genetic Risk Variants in Half of Patients With Sarcoma
In an international genetic study (International Sarcoma Kindred Study) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Ballinger et al found that approximately half of all patients with sarcoma harbored potentially pathogenic monogenic and polygenic variation in known and novel cancer genes. Study Details The...
Extended Active Surveillance Prior to Systemic Therapy May Be Safe in Some Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
In a phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Rini et al found that some patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma can safely undergo active surveillance for an extended duration prior to initiation of systemic therapy. Indolent growth of metastases is known to occur in some patients...
Hypofractionated Radiotherapy Not Inferior to Conventional Radiotherapy in Low-Risk Prostate Cancer
In a phase III noninferiority trial (NRG Oncology RTOG 0415) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, W. Robert Lee, MD, MS, Med, of Duke University Medical Center, and colleagues found that hypofractionated radiotherapy was not inferior to conventional radiotherapy in disease-free survival...
Study Finds More Nodes Should Be Examined to Rule Out Node-Negative Disease in Papillary Thyroid Cancer
The proportion of patients with papillary thyroid cancer identified as having node-negative disease decreased substantially with an increased number of lymph nodes examined, according to an analysis of data from the National Cancer Database. Robinson and colleagues, of Duke University, reported...
Meta-analysis Identifies New Genetic Variants for Barrett’s Esophagus and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
As reported in The Lancet Oncology, Gharahkhani et al identified several new genetic risk variants for the development of Barrett’s esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma through a large-scale meta-analysis of genome-wide studies. Study Details The study involved a meta-analysis of four...
Overall Survival With Bevacizumab/Capecitabine Noninferior vs Bevacizumab/Paclitaxel in HER2-Negative Breast Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Zielinski et al, the final results of the phase III TURANDOT trial showed that overall survival with first-line bevacizumab (Avastin)/capecitabine was noninferior vs bevacizumab/paclitaxel in per-protocol analysis among patients with advanced HER2-negative...
Inotuzumab Ozogamicin Improves Outcomes vs Standard Therapy in Relapsed/Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
In a phase III trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Hagop M. Kantarjian, MD, of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, and colleagues found that treatment with the antibody-drug conjugate inotuzumab ozogamicin resulted in a greater complete remission rate and improved ...
