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Showing 34401 - 34450L1CAM Predicts Recurrence and Poor Outcome in Early-stage Type I Endometrial Cancer
Although patients with early-stage type I endometrial cancer have very good prognosis, a substantial proportion experience recurrence and die from the disease. In a study published in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Alain G. Zeimet, MD, PhD, of Innsbruck Medical University, Austria, and...
Increasing Incidence of Papillary Thyroid Cancer Linked to Overdiagnosis
The rapid increase in papillary thyroid cancer in the United States may not be linked to increase in occurrence, but instead may be linked to an increase in the diagnosis of precancerous conditions and to a person's insurance status, according to a study published online in Thyroid. "This [study]...
Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Safe and Effective for Patients with Stage I Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
According to a recently published analysis in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is safe and effective for patients with stage I non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a multicenter environment. In addition, radiotherapy dosage was identified as a major...
Intercalated Chemotherapy plus Erlotinib Improves Survival in Asian Patients with Advanced NSCLC and Known or Unknown EGFR Mutation Status
In a phase III trial (FASTACT-2) conducted in 28 centers in seven Asian countries, Yi-Long Wu, MD, of the Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences and colleagues found that the intercalated combination of erlotinib (Tarceva) and chemotherapy improved progression-free survival vs chemotherapy alone as...
WHO Tobacco Control Policies Estimated to Prevent 7.4 Million Premature Deaths by 2050
Tobacco control measures put in place in 41 countries between 2007 and 2010 are predicted to prevent an estimated 7.4 million premature deaths by 2050, according to a study published in the July issue of the Bulletin of the World Health Organization. The study is one of the first to ...
Biomarker Predicts Risk of Breast Cancer Recurrence after Tamoxifen Treatment
A biomarker reflecting expression levels of two genes in tumor tissue may be able to predict which women treated for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer should receive a second estrogen-blocking medication after completing tamoxifen treatment. In a report published online in the Journal...
Oral Apixaban Lowers Rates of Major Bleeding in Patients with Acute Venous Thromboembolism
Single-agent apixaban (Eliquis) may simplify the treatment of patients with acute venous thromboembolism, according to a new study published online in The New England Journal of Medicine. In the phase III AMPLIFY trial, the oral factor Xa inhibitor anticoagulant was found to be as effective as ...
Acupuncture May Reduce Arm Lymphedema in Patients with Breast Cancer
Arm lymphedema affects approximately 30% of breast cancer survivors, with rates increasing with longer follow-up and cases presenting well beyond the active treatment period. Lymphedema is observed even with use of less-invasive surgical techniques for staging, and risk is further increased by such ...
Progression of Renal Cell Carcinoma Linked to Shifts in Tumor Metabolism
Investigators in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Research Network have uncovered a connection between how tumor cells use energy from metabolic processes and the aggressiveness of the most common form of kidney cancer, clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Their findings demonstrate that normal...
Scientists Develop Mathematical Model to Predict Cancer Cells’ Resistance to Therapy
New research using mathematical models of different types of cancer—including melanoma, pancreatic, and colorectal—to determine the evolutionary dynamics of lesions in response to treatment is revealing why and how cancer cells resist targeted therapies. The study by Ivana Bozic, PhD,...
Surgeons Report Melanoma Recurs after 10 Years in More than 6% of Patients
Recurrence of melanoma skin cancer 10 or more years after initial treatment is more common than previously thought, occurring in more than 1 in 20 patients. However, according to a new study, these patients tend to live longer after their cancer returns than patients whose melanoma recurs in the...
Crizotinib Improves Progression-free Survival vs Pemetrexed or Docetaxel in Advanced ALK-positive NSCLC
In a phase III trial reported by Alice T. Shaw, MD, PhD, of Massachusetts General Hospital, and colleagues in The New England Journal of Medicine, crizotinib (Xalkori) improved progression-free survival compared with standard chemotherapy in previously treated patients with advanced...
Novel Research Method May Lead to Tailored Treatments for Late-stage Prostate Cancer
A study using a novel “co-clinical” approach that integrates data from hundreds of genetically engineered mouse models with clinical data from tissue samples of hundreds of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer, has identified several molecular pathways underlying...
Active Surveillance May Miss Aggressive Prostate Cancers in African American Men
A study of more than 1,800 men aged 52 to 62 suggests that African Americans diagnosed with very low-risk prostate cancers are much more likely than white men to actually have aggressive disease that goes unrecognized with current diagnostic approaches. Although prior studies have found it safe to...
Survival Rates for Patients with Burkitt’s Lymphoma Improve, Especially among Young Adults
Although Burkitt’s lymphoma remains one of the most highly aggressive forms of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma and is associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, a recent study published in Blood has found a marked improvement in patient survival over the past decade, especially ...
Study Sets Guidelines for Stem Cell Transplants in Older Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes
A new study by an international team of scientists provides the first statistically based guidelines for determining whether a stem cell transplant is appropriate for older patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), the most common blood disorders in people over 60 years of age, and frequently...
Among White Adolescents and Young Adults with Melanoma, Males Have Higher Mortality Than Females
Melanoma is the third most common cancer among adolescents and young adults, but few studies have explored the survival differences by sex in this population. A new study published in JAMA Dermatology sought to determine whether long-term survival varied between white male and female...
Lugano 2013: BCL2 Overexpression and Non–Germinal Center B-cell–like Subtype Predict Poorer Survival in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma
In studies to identify prognostic factors in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, Thierry J. Molina, MD, PhD, of Paris Descartes University, and colleagues assessed expression of MYC, BCL2, MYC/BCL2, IgM, and germinal center B-cell–like and non–germinal center B-cell–like subtypes in a ...
Majority of Patients with Incurable Lung Cancer Have Inaccurate Expectations about Goals of Radiation Therapy
Aileen B. Chen, MD, MPP, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and colleagues in the Cancer Care Outcomes Research and Surveillance (CanCORS) Consortium recently assessed patient expectations regarding goals of radiation therapy (RT) for incurable lung cancer. They ...
Study Reveals Abstracts with Financial Conflicts of Interest Have Higher Meeting Prominence, Better Peer Review Score
Beverly Moy, MD, Clinical Director of the Breast Oncology Program at Massachusetts General Hospital, and colleagues recently analyzed the relationship between declaration of financial conflicts of interest and "research prominence" for abstracts presented at American Society of Clinical Oncology...
Lugano 2013: Vitamin D Deficiency Associated with Worse Outcome in Elderly Patients with Aggressive B-cell Lymphoma Receiving R-CHOP or CHOP
Vitamin D deficiency recently was shown to be associated with worse outcome in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. To determine whether such an association exists in patients with aggressive B-cell lymphoma, Jörg T. Bittenbring, of Saarland University Medical School, Germany, and colleagues in ...
Lugano 2013: Chlorambucil plus Rituximab Produces Better Event-free and Progression-free Survival in Extranodal Marginal Zone B-cell Lymphoma
The International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group (IELSG)-19 trial is the largest randomized trial in extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma conducted to date. As reported by Emanuele Zucca, MD, of the Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, and colleagues, preliminary final results of the...
Study Shows Isoflavone Exposure Has Little Effect on Breast Cancer Risk or Recurrence
According to a review of studies examining the impact of isoflavones in soyfoods on breast cancer risk, clinical evidence indicates that exposure to isoflavones, which are classified as both phytoestrogens and selective estrogen receptor modulators, has little effect on the markers of breast cancer ...
BRAF Mutation Status May Have Effect on Benefit of Aspirin Use for Patients with Colorectal Cancer
In two large studies, the association between aspirin use and risk of colorectal cancer was affected by BRAF mutation status, with regular aspirin use associated with a lower risk of BRAF wild-type colorectal cancer but not with risk of BRAF-mutated cancer. The findings, published today in JAMA,...
Use of Advanced Treatment Technologies Increases among Men at Low Risk of Dying from Prostate Cancer
Use of advanced treatment technologies for prostate cancer, such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and robotic prostatectomy, has increased among men with low-risk disease, high risk of noncancer mortality, or both, a population of patients who are unlikely to benefit from these...
Lugano 2013: PET-guided Radiation Therapy Improves Survival in Patients with Advanced Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma
Residual masses are often detected on post-therapy computed tomography (CT) scans in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and the potential role of consolidative radiation therapy in such cases remains undefined. An analysis of the use of PET-guided radiation therapy presented by Laurie H....
Lugano 2013: Ibrutinib Highly Active in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia with 17p Deletion
The 17p deletion in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is associated with worse outcome in patients receiving standard chemotherapy. The Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor ibrutinib has shown durable antitumor activity in high-risk CLL. Adrian Wiestner, MD, PhD, of the National...
New Study Finds AICR Recommendations Cut Breast Cancer Risk
Postmenopausal women who follow at least five Recommendations for Cancer Prevention from the American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) cut their risk of developing breast cancer by more than half, compared to those who meet none, suggests a new study that adds to previous research showing...
Chemotherapy-induced Neuropathy Has Long-term Effect on Colorectal Cancer Survivors
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Floortje Mols, PhD, of the Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic Diseases, Tilburg University, and colleagues assessed the prevalence and severity of chemotherapy-induced neuropathy and its affect on health-related quality of life in...
BTK Inhibitor Ibrutinib Produces High Response Rate in Relapsed/Refractory Mantle Cell Lymphoma
Ibrutinib is a first-in-class oral covalent inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK), a mediator of the B-cell receptor signaling pathway implicated in the pathogenesis of B-cell cancers. As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Michael L. Wang, MD, of The University...
Two Bills before Congress Aim to Fight Breast Cancer and End Disparities in Care
Members of Congress are considering two bills that could advance cures for breast cancer and provide better education for women grappling with decisions about their treatment options. Accelerating the End of Breast Cancer Act Accelerating the End of Breast Cancer Act of 2013 (S. 865/H.R. 1830)...
High Rate of Durable Remissions with BTK Inhibitor Ibrutinib in Patients with Relapsed Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Durable remissions are uncommon with current treatments for relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) is an essential component of B-cell receptor signaling that mediates interactions with the tumor microenvironment and promotes survival and proliferation of...
Researchers Identify and Map Signaling Pathway from EGFR to MCM7 Protein
Researchers have discovered and mapped the signaling network between two previously unconnected proteins, exposing a link that, if broken, could cut off cancer cell growth at its starting point. A team led by scientists at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center reported the tie between...
Investigators Identify Promising Biomarker for Predicting HPV-related Oropharyngeal Cancer
Researchers have found that antibodies against the human papillomavirus (HPV) may help identify individuals who are at greatly increased risk of HPV-related cancer of the oropharynx, In their study, at least one in three individuals with oropharyngeal cancer had antibodies to HPV, compared to...
Deep Sequencing Accurately Predicts Prolonged Survival in Multiple Myeloma Patients
A study by the Spanish Myeloma Group comparing the prognostic value of traditional response criteria and minimal residual disease measurement in patients with multiple myeloma found that a sequencing-based method called LymphoSIGHT and multiparameter flow cytometry analysis both accurately...
Follicular Lymphoma Cells Induce Changes in T-cell Gene Expression and Function, Show Prognostic Significance for Survival
It has been shown that CD4 and CD8 tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in follicular lymphoma have impaired function and suppressed recruitment of critical signaling proteins to the immunologic synapse, and a number of studies have indicated the prognostic importance of the immune microenvironment in...
Study Shows HPV Vaccine Reduced Rate of Infection in Teenage Girls by 56%
A new government study investigating the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections in females aged 14 to 59 before and after the introduction in 2006 of the HPV vaccine found that the rate of the HPV infection dropped by 56%, decreasing from 11.5% in 2006 to 5.1% in 2010 among female...
Virus Combination Effective Against Temozolomide-resistant Glioblastoma Multiforme
A combination of the myxoma virus and the immune suppressant rapamycin can kill glioblastoma multiforme, the most common and deadliest malignant brain tumor, according to new research published in Neuro-Oncology. Study lead author Peter A. Forsyth, MD, Chair of the Neuro-oncology Program at Moffitt ...
First-line Carboplatin plus Pemetrexed Improves Survival vs Pemetrexed Alone in Patients with Advanced NSCLC and Poor Performance Status
A significant proportion of patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have poor performance status, and optimal clinical management of these patients has not been established. In an attempt to help define optimal chemotherapy in such patients, Mauro Zukin, MD, of Instituto...
Screening Colonoscopy Associated with Increased Survival Duration and Rates for Patients with Colon Cancer
Patients with colon cancer identified on screening colonoscopy appear to have lower-stage disease on presentation and better outcomes independent of their staging, according to a report published online today in JAMA Surgery. Since their introduction in 2000, National Institutes of Health...
Mortality Appears to be Higher for Patients with Thicker Single Primary Melanomas than for Thicker Multiple Primary Melanomas
Although overall mortality rates due to single primary melanomas and multiple primary melanomas appear to be similar, relative mortality for thicker single primary melanomas appears to be greater than that for thicker multiple primary melanomas, according to a study by Anne Kricker, PhD, of the...
Observation Is Safe, Cost-saving Option for Patients with Low-risk Prostate Cancer
Many men with low-risk, localized prostate cancers can safely choose active surveillance or watchful waiting instead of undergoing immediate treatment and have better quality of life while reducing health-care costs, according to a study by researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and...
Investigational New Drug Application Filed for CFI-400945
Investigators from Princess Margaret Cancer Centre in Toronto and the University of California, Los Angeles, have submitted an Investigational New Drug (IND) application for CFI-400945, a novel drug candidate targeting the enzyme PLK4, which plays a crucial role in cell division. The news was...
Imatinib Active in Melanomas with KIT Mutation but Not KIT Amplification Alone
Mutations and amplifications in the KIT oncogene have been identified in mucosal and acral melanomas and in melanomas arising on chronically sun-damaged skin. In a multicenter phase II study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, F. Stephen Hodi, MD, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and...
Novel Selective ALK Inhibitor Demonstrates Good Activity in Advanced NSCLC
Crizotinib (Xalkori), a multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is the only agent currently available for treating ALK-rearranged non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). CH5424802 is a novel selective oral ALK inhibitor with activity in tumor cell lines harboring ALK alterations,...
Global Alliance Is Formed to Share Genomic Data
This month, an international group of over 70 research and health-care organizations, academic centers, and medical societies, including ASCO, signed a letter of intent to form a global alliance to make medicine more effective by consolidating the world’s databases of genomic information. The ...
PHARE Trial Fails to Establish Noninferiority of 6 vs 12 Months of Adjuvant Trastuzumab in Early HER2-positive Breast Cancer
The phase III open-label PHARE trial, conducted in 156 centers in France, examined whether 6 months of adjuvant trastuzumab (Herceptin) was noninferior to 12 months of treatment in women with early HER2-positive breast cancer. As reported by Xavier Pivot, MD, of University Hospital Jean-Minjoz,...
Impact of Age on Efficacy of Newer Adjuvant Therapies in Patients with Stage II/III Colon Cancer
Available data suggest that patients with stage II/III colon cancer receive similar benefit from intravenous fluorouracil (5-FU) adjuvant therapy regardless of age. Combination regimens and oral fluoropyrimidine therapy are now standard treatments in this setting. Nadine J. McCleary, MD, MPH, and...
Acetyl-L-carnitine Ineffective for Taxane-related Peripheral Neuropathy
Various studies have suggested that acetyl-L-carnitine, a natural compound involved in neuronal protection, may be effective in preventing and treating sensory neuropathy. Dawn L. Hershman, MD, MS, of Columbia University Medical Center, and colleagues recently assessed whether daily...
Accountable Care Organizations May Be at Risk for New Medical Liabilities
The promotion of accountable care organizations, a crucial element in the Affordable Care Act, may result in liability risks, asserted authors H. Benjamin Harvey, MD, JD, a radiologist in the Department of Radiology at Massachusetts General Hospital, and I. Glenn Cohen, JD, Assistant Professor of...
