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Showing 31751 - 31800Clinical Trials Investigate Treatment Options for Precursor Diseases to Multiple Myeloma
The availability of newer agents that have transformed treatment outcomes in multiple myeloma has naturally led to interest in studying these drugs earlier in precursor states, such as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and smoldering myeloma. Recent evidence suggests that this may...
Pazopanib Maintenance Improves Progression-Free Survival in Ovarian Cancer, but Benefit Limited to Non–East Asian Patients
In a phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, du Bois et al found that maintenance therapy with the VEGFR and PDGFR inhibitor pazopanib (Votrient) significantly prolonged progression-free survival vs placebo in women with ovarian cancer without progression after first-line...
Patient Exhibits Involution of Eruptive Melanocytic Nevi on Combination BRAF and MEK Inhibitor Therapy
Eruptive melanocytic nevi are observed in patients receiving the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib (Nexavar) and the selective BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib (Zelboraf). In a case reported in JAMA Dermatology, Shen et al found that the addition of the MEK inhibitor cobimetinib to vemurafenib in a woman...
Pilot Study Evaluates Concurrent Use of Sunitinib and Radiation Therapy in Recurrent High-Grade Glioma
The combination of continuous daily-dosed sunitinib (Sutent) and hypofractionated stereotactic radiation therapy produced acceptable toxicity and “encouraging” 6-month progression-free survival in previously irradiated patients with recurrent high-grade glioma, according to the results...
Preclinical Study Identifies Potential Drug Combination for Mantle Cell Lymphoma and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Combining the molecular targeted drug ibrutinib (Imbruvica) with the investigational anticancer agent ABT-199 may improve outcomes for patients with mantle cell lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), according to preclinical data presented at the American Association for Cancer Research...
Adding Pan-Deacetylase Inhibitor Panobinostat to Bortezomib and Dexamethasone Improves Progression-Free Survival in Relapsed Myeloma
In the phase III PANORAMA1 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, San-Miguel and colleagues found that adding the pan-deacetylase inhibitor panobinostat to bortezomib (Velcade) and dexamethasone improved progression-free survival in patients with relapsed or relapsed and refractory multiple...
Preclinical Study Looks at RNA Polymerase I Inhibitor in Refractory AML and Multiple Myeloma
A laboratory study of the investigational drug CX-5461, which blocks the inhibition of RNA polymerase I transcription, has found that it prolonged survival in mouse models of highly aggressive acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and multiple myeloma refractory to standard therapy. In addition, the...
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors May Improve Treatment Outcomes in Children With Philadelphia Chromosome–Like ALL
Using genomic profiling and next-generation sequencing of patients with BCR-ABL1-like B-progenitor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-cell ALL) and Philadelphia chromosome–like ALL, researchers recently identified alterations targeting 18 kinase or cytokine receptor genes. They then determined...
Search for Effective Regimens in Elderly Patients With Hodgkin Lymphoma
As the U.S. population continues to age, oncologists will be faced with a growing number of elderly patients with Hodgkin lymphoma, but there is currently no consensus on how to treat this population. Regimens used to treat younger patients have too much toxicity for most older patients, and thus...
Major Depression Is Undertreated in Patients With Cancer
In a Scottish study reported in The Lancet Psychiatry, Walker et al assessed the prevalence and adequacy of treatment of major depression in patients with cancer of different primary sites. The prevalence of major depression ranged from 5.6% in patients with genitourinary cancers to 13.1% in those...
SMaRT Oncology-3 Trial Reports Collaborative Care Program Reduces Major Depression in Patients With Lung Cancer
In the SMaRT Oncology-3 study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Walker et al found that an integrated collaborative treatment program for depression (‘depression care for people with cancer’) was associated with significantly reduced severity of depression compared with usual care in...
Integrated Collaborative Care Program Highly Successful in Treating Major Depression in Patients With Cancer
In a Scottish study (SMaRT Oncology-2) reported in The Lancet, Sharpe, Walker et al found that an integrated collaborative treatment program for depression (‘depression care for people with cancer’) was associated with significantly higher depression response and remission rates...
Second-Line Ramucirumab Plus Paclitaxel Improves Overall Survival in Patients With Advanced Gastric Cancer
The addition of the monoclonal antibody VEGFR-2 antagonist ramucirumab (Cyramza) to paclitaxel led to a statistically significant improvement in median overall survival in patients with advanced gastric cancer or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma in a phase III trial, reported Wilke et al in ...
Para-Aortic Lymph Node Radiation Increases Risk of Diabetes in Hodgkin Lymphoma Survivors
Abdominal irradiation for childhood cancer has been associated with increased risk of diabetes. In a Dutch study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, van Nimwegen and colleagues assessed the relationship between infradiaphragm radiotherapy and risk of diabetes in long-term survivors of...
PIK3CA Mutations Associated With Lower Rate of Pathologic Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Anti-HER2 Therapy in Breast Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Loibl et al found that PIK3CA mutation was associated with lower pathologic complete response rate in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer receiving trastuzumab (Herceptin), lapatinib (Tykerb), or both in addition to neoadjuvant...
Male Pattern Baldness at Age 45 May Be Associated With Aggressive Prostate Cancer
In a prospective cohort study in the population of the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial, Zhou et al found that frontal plus moderate vertex baldness at age 45 is associated with increased risk of aggressive prostate cancer. The findings were reported in the...
Lymphatic Mapping Agent Receives Orphan Drug Designation for Head and Neck Cancers
Navidea Biopharmaceuticals, Inc, recently announced that technetium 99m tilmanocept (Lymphoseek Injection) has been granted Orphan Drug Designation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in sentinel lymph node detection in patients with cancer of the head and neck. The designation...
Primary Site of Neuroblastoma Tied to Differences in Biologic, Clinical Characteristics, Including Survival
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vo et al in the International Neuroblastoma Risk Group Project found significant differences in clinical and biologic features of neuroblastoma according to primary tumor site, including poorer survival for adrenal sites of primary disease and...
mTOR Inhibitor Ridaforolimus Shows Activity in Advanced Endometrial Cancer
The oral mTOR inhibitor ridaforolimus was modestly active and reasonably tolerated in women with recurrent or metastatic endometrial cancer, according to the results of a phase II study reported in Gynecologic Oncology. Tsoref et al suggested that it may prove to be an effective therapeutic...
Improved Outcomes in Myeloma With High-Dose Melphalan Plus Autologous Transplant and Lenalidomide Maintenance
In a phase III trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Palumbo et al found that consolidation therapy with high-dose melphalan plus autologous stem cell transplantation improved progression-free survival and overall survival compared with melphalan/prednisone/lenalidomide (Revlimid)...
Improved Survival with Adjuvant FOLFOX vs Fluorouracil/Leucovorin After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
In a Korean phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Hong et al found that adjuvant FOLFOX (oxaliplatin, fluorouracil [5-FU], leucovorin) prolonged progression-free survival and overall survival vs 5-FU/leucovorin in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who had received neoadjuvant...
Long-Term Colorectal Cancer Mortality After Removal of Adenomas
There are few data available on long-term risk of colorectal cancer mortality after adenoma removal. In a Norwegian study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Løberg et al found that patients who had low-risk adenomas removed had lower colorectal cancer mortality risk and those...
ASTRO: Analysis Finds Select Group of Stage IV Lung Cancer Patient Population Achieves Long-Term Survival After Aggressive Treatment
A large, international analysis of patients with stage IV non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) indicates that a patient’s overall survival rate can be related to factors including the timing of when metastases develop and lymph node involvement, and that aggressive treatment for low-risk...
ASTRO: Good Primary Tumor Control, Positive 5-Year Survival Rates for Lung Cancer Patients Who Receive Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy
Patients with inoperable, early-stage lung cancer who receive stereotactic body radiation therapy have a 5-year survival rate of 40%, according to long-term results presented at the American Society for Radiation Oncology’s (ASTRO) 56th Annual Meeting (Abstract 56). Such a positive survival...
ASTRO: Long-Term Androgen-Deprivation Therapy Plus High-Dose Radiation Therapy Improves Biochemical Control and Survival Rates in Prostate Cancer
Prostate cancer patients who receive high-dose radiation therapy followed by a longer period of androgen-deprivation therapy have higher 5-year biochemical disease–free survival and overall survival rates compared to patients who receive high-dose radiation therapy and a shorter duration of...
Adding Cediranib to Olaparib Improves Progression-Free Survival and Increases Toxicity in Recurrent Platinum-Sensitive Ovarian Cancer
In a randomized phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Liu et al found a significant improvement in progression-free survival and an increase in toxicity with the addition of the antiangiogenic agent cediranib (VEGFR-1,-2,-3 inhibitor) to the PARP inhibitor olaparib in women with recurrent ...
Baseline Results of the UK Phase III ProtecT Trial of Active Monitoring, Radical Prostatectomy, or Radiotherapy for Localized Prostate Cancer
The UK phase III ProtecT trial is comparing the effectiveness of active monitoring, radical prostatectomy, and radiotherapy in men with localized prostate cancer. Lane et al have provided baseline results of the trial in an article in The Lancet Oncology. Study Details In the trial, men aged 50...
Study Identifies Two Novel ALK Mutations Causing Lung Cancer Resistance to ALK Inhibitors
In a recent study investigating alectinib resistance in ALK-positive lung cancers, researchers identified two novel ALK mutations that are sensitive to ceritinib (Zykadia), a next-generation ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved by the FDA earlier this year for advanced non–small cell lung...
Anti-CD19 CAR T-Cell Treatment Effective in Chemotherapy-Refractory B-Cell Malignancies
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Kochenderfer et al found that single infusions of autologous T cells expressing an anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) produced responses in nearly all patients with chemotherapy-refractory CD19-positive B-cell malignancies, including...
Little Molecular Difference and No Prognostic Effect of Clinical HER2 Status in Context of Intrinsic Breast Cancer Subtypes
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Prat et al found that there was little difference in downstream gene or protein expression according to intrinsic breast cancer subtypes among clinical HER2-positive vs -negative breast cancers and that clinical HER2 status did...
ASTRO: Radiation Therapy Does Not Increase Risk of Lymphedema in Node-Negative Breast Cancer
A secondary analysis of the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project B-32 trial indicates that radiation therapy does not increase the incidence of lymphedema in patients with node-negative breast cancer, according to research presented at the American Society for Radiation...
AACR’s 2014 Cancer Progress Report Stresses Research Advances and More Federal Funding
The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) released its 2014 Cancer Progress Report today, which highlights the quickening pace of drug development and approval, especially in molecularly targeted agents that are leading to increased numbers of cancer survivors. However, the report also...
ASTRO: Pretreatment Serum Levels of VEGF-A and TGF-β1 Predictive of Outcomes in Esophageal Cancer
Serum levels of VEGF-A and TGF-β1 may be helpful in tailoring neoadjuvant treatment regimens for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, according to research presented at the American Society for Radiation Oncology’s (ASTRO) 56th Annual Meeting (Abstract 10). Results of...
ASTRO: Radiation Therapy Alone vs Chemoradiotherapy for Reducing Dysphagia in Advanced Esophageal Cancer
Radiation therapy alone is as effective in decreasing swallowing complications experienced by advanced esophageal cancer patients as radiation therapy combined with chemotherapy, thus allowing patients to forgo chemotherapy, according to research presented at the American Society for Radiation...
ASTRO: Shorter Course of Androgen-Deprivation Therapy Yields Improved Quality of Life for High-Risk Prostate Cancer Patients
Patients with high-risk prostate cancer who received radiation therapy and an 18-month course of androgen-deprivation therapy recovered a normal testosterone level in a shorter amount of time compared to those who received a 36-month course of androgen-deprivation therapy. The shorter course of...
ASTRO: Radiation Therapy Improves Survival in Patients With Early-Stage Hodgkin Lymphoma
Patients with stage I and II Hodgkin lymphoma who received consolidated radiation experienced improved 10-year survival rates, according to research presented at the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) 56th Annual Meeting (Abstract CT-08). The 10-year survival rate for patients who...
Genomic Analysis Reveals That a High-Risk Leukemia Subtype Becomes More Common With Age
More than one-quarter of young adults with the most common form of acute lymphoblastic leukemia have a high-risk subtype with a poor prognosis and may benefit from drugs widely used to treat other types of leukemia that are more common in adults, according to multi-institutional research led by St. ...
No Significant Progression-Free Survival Benefit of Adding Ramucirumab to First-Line Docetaxel in Advanced HER2-Negative Breast Cancer
In the phase III ROSE/TRIO-12 trial, reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Mackey et al found no significant improvement in investigator-assessed progression-free survival by adding the antiangiogenic VEGFR-2 inhibitor ramucirumab (Cyramza) to first-line docetaxel in women with...
Increased Risk of Melanoma in Flight-Based Occupations
Airline pilots and cabin crew are occupationally exposed to higher levels of cosmic and ultraviolet radiation. In a meta-analysis reported in JAMA Dermatology, Sanlorenzo et al found that these people have a more than twofold greater risk of melanoma compared with the general population. Increased ...
Modeling Study Critical of Intensive Colonoscopy Screening in Medicare Population
A modeling study reported in JAMA Internal Medicine by van Hees and colleagues showed that colonoscopy screening at intervals shorter than 10 years or continuing past 75 years of age in the Medicare population is associated with a reduced net health benefit from a societal perspective. Study ...
Partial Nephrectomy and Percutaneous Ablation for cT1 Renal Masses Produce Similar Rates of Local Tumor Recurrence
Recurrence-free survival rates were similar for patients with cT1 renal masses who underwent partial nephrectomy or percutaneous cryoablation, according to the results of a retrospective trial reported by Thompson et al in European Urology. However, metastases-free survival was superior for...
FDA Approves New Indication for Enzalutamide in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved a new indication for the use of enzalutamide (Xtandi) capsules to treat patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. The new indication is for men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who have not received...
Modeling Study Indicates Little Survival Difference With Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomy in Breast Cancer Without BRCA Mutation
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Portschy et al found an absolute 20-year overall survival difference of < 1% with contralateral prophylactic mastectomy in women with stage I or II breast cancer without BRCA mutation. The authors had hypothesized that the...
Racial/Ethnic Barriers to Breast Reconstruction After Mastectomy for Breast Cancer
In a study reported in JAMA Surgery, Morrow et al found that breast reconstruction after mastectomy for breast cancer largely reflects patient demand, with the majority of women being satisfied with the decision-making process. However, black women were significantly less likely to have...
Baseline Vitamin D Not Associated With Survival in Patients With Advanced Pancreatic Cancer in CALGB 80303/Alliance Trial
Preclinical data indicate a role of vitamin D metabolism in pancreatic tumor development. In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Van Loon et al found that baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels were not associated with progression-free survival or overall...
ALK Rearrangements Are Associated With Improved Outcomes in Patients With Non‒Small Cell Lung Cancer and Brain Metastases
Compared with mutations in EGFR, KRAS, or with patients with no known mutations, ALK rearrangements were independently associated with improved survival outcomes in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received radiotherapy for brain metastases, according to the results of a...
No Benefit of Adding Cetuximab to Cisplatin and Accelerated Radiotherapy in Stage III or IV Head and Neck Carcinoma
Use of cisplatin or cetuximab (Erbitux) with radiotherapy improves overall survival in stage III or IV head and neck carcinoma, and adding cetuximab to platinum therapy improves overall survival in metastatic disease. In the phase III Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 0522 trial reported in...
Radiation Therapy With Concurrent Chemotherapy After Surgery Is an Effective Treatment for High-Risk Endometrial Cancer
Radiation therapy with concurrent paclitaxel chemotherapy following surgery is an effective treatment for high-risk endometrial cancer, according to a study reported by Cho et al in the International Journal of Radiation Oncology • Biology • Physics Endometrial...
ASCO and Cancer Care Ontario Release Clinical Practice Guideline for Systemic Therapy in Men With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
The ASCO Clinical Practice Guidelines Committee and the Cancer Care Ontario (CCO) program in evidence-based care have released a clinical practice guideline on systemic therapy in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. The guideline is reported by Basch et al in the Journal of...
Phase II Trial Shows Overall Survival Benefit With VT-122 Plus Sorafenib in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
The investigational agent VT-122 appeared to benefit survival when combined with sorafenib (Nexavar) in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, according to data presented at the 8th Annual International Liver Cancer Association Conference in Kyoto, Japan. Researchers reported an 11-month...
