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Showing 3151 - 3200Improved Prognosis Seen in Older Women With Mammography-Detected Breast Cancer
Mammography-detected breast cancer is associated with a shift to earlier stage diagnosis in older women, subsequently reducing the rate of more advanced, difficult-to-treat cases, according to a new study by Malmgren et al published in the journal Radiology. The findings lend support to regular...
Synthetic Triterpenoids Show Promise in Preventing Colitis-Associated Colon Cancer in Preclinical Study
Researchers from Case Western Reserve and Dartmouth have shown that a class of small antioxidant molecules carries promise for suppressing colon cancer associated with colitis. These preclinical findings, published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, offer hope that physicians ultimately will ...
Diversity of Intestinal Tract Bacteria Associated With Mortality Outcomes After Stem Cell Transplant, Study Shows
New research published online in Blood suggests that the diversity of bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of patients receiving stem cell transplants may be an important predictor of their post-transplant survival. Potential Connections Previous studies have shown that the intensive treatment...
Barbara L. McAneny, MD, To Serve as Chair of the AMA Board of Trustees
Barbara L. McAneny, MD, a practicing oncologist from Albuquerque, New Mexico, has been re-elected to the Board of Trustees of the American Medical Association (AMA) and will assume the position of Board Chair when the trustees gather for their first postelection meeting. Dr. McAneny, who has...
ASCO 2014: Adding Lapatinib to Adjuvant Trastuzumab Does Not Improve Outcomes in Early-Stage HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
A large phase III study, ALTTO (Adjuvant Lapatinib and/or Trastuzumab Treatment Optimisation), found no statistically significant differences in 4-year disease-free survival among women with early HER2-positive breast cancer who received adjuvant treatment that combined the HER2-targeted drugs...
ASCO 2014: Chemotherapy Plus Either Bevacizumab or Cetuximab Results in Similar Survival Benefits in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Bevacizumab (Avastin) plus chemotherapy and cetuximab (Erbitux) plus chemotherapy produced equal survival benefits for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer and no KRAS mutations, according to results from a large federally funded phase III study presented at the 2014 ASCO Annual Meeting...
Analysis Shows Advertising by Cancer Centers Frequently Evokes Hope and Fear, but Provides Little Information
In a recent study in Annals of Internal Medicine, Vater et al analyzed the content of 409 unique clinical advertisements on television and in magazines placed by 102 cancer centers in 2012. The researchers assessed each ad for types of clinical services promoted, information provided about...
Study Suggests Less Frequent Cardiac Screening May Be Preferable for Survivors of Childhood Cancer
One of the first studies to analyze the effectiveness of screening survivors of childhood cancer for early signs of impending congestive heart failure found improved health outcomes but suggested that less frequent screening than currently recommended may yield similar clinical benefit. Researchers ...
Low Use of Chemotherapy in Last 14 Days of Life at MD Anderson Cancer Canter
A proposed metric of quality of cancer care is whether chemotherapy is administered in the last 14 days of life. In a retrospective study of patients at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center reported in JAMA Internal Medicine, Rodriguez et al found an overall rate of chemotherapy use in ...
Immunotherapy May Be Effective in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma
A new study by researchers at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute (OSUCCC–James) provides evidence that genetically modifying immune cells might effectively treat multiple myeloma. The findings by ...
Dual Method to Remove Precancerous Colon Polyps May Substantially Reduce Health-Care Costs
A surgical method combining two techniques for removing precancerous polyps during colonoscopies can substantially reduce the recovery time and the length of hospital stays, which may translate into significant cost savings, according to research presented this week at Digestive Disease Week in...
Study Examines Protein Expression Biomarkers in HPV-Negative Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Head and Neck
A quartet of proteins that play critical roles in cell replication, cell death, and DNA repair could lead to better targets for therapy against treatment-resistant head and neck squamous cell cancers. In a study presented this week at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual...
Prognosis of HPV-Positive Head and Neck Cancer Varies According to Tumor Site
Patients with cancer of the throat and who are positive for the human papillomavirus (HPV) have a good prognosis, but until now the effect of being HPV-positive on the prognosis of tumors located elsewhere in the head and neck was unknown. A new study presented at the 33rd Conference of the...
Phase I Trial of New Antibody-Drug Conjugate Shows Promise Against All Forms of Melanoma
A small clinical study of a new investigational antibody-drug conjugate called DEDN6526A in patients with metastatic or unresectable cutaneous, mucosal, or ocular melanoma has found the drug to be safe and tolerable and demonstrated early evidence of antitumor activity. The findings were presented...
Experts Call for More Awareness of Sexual Dysfunction in Lung Cancer Patients
Many lung cancer patients suffer difficulties with sexual expression and intimacy, yet for too long the topic has been ignored by doctors and researchers, experts said at the 4th European Lung Cancer Conference (ELCC) in Geneva, Switzerland. Researchers have estimated that sexual dysfunction...
Investigational Cancer Vaccine Shows Renewed Potential in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Researchers at UC Davis have found that the investigational cancer vaccine tecemotide, when administered with the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin, boosted immune response and reduced the number of tumors in mice with lung cancer. The study also found that radiation treatments did not...
Circulating Tumor Cell Count and Early Change in Count Are Prognostic for Survival in First-Line Docetaxel Treatment of Prostate Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Goldkorn et al assessed the prognostic value of circulating tumor cell counts in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer receiving standard first-line docetaxel plus prednisone with or without atrasentan in the SWOG S0421 trial. ...
Common Cancers Evade Detection by Silencing Parts of Immune System Cells, Study Finds
Immunotherapy for ovarian, breast, and colorectal cancer has so far had limited success, primarily because the immune system often can’t destroy the cancer cells. According to a report published in Oncotarget, researchers at Johns Hopkins have identified genes that have been repressed through ...
BPA Exposure May Be Linked to Prostate Cancer, Study Shows
A new study suggests that levels of bisphenola A (BPA) in men’s urine may be a marker of prostate cancer and that low levels of BPA exposure can cause cellular changes in both nonmalignant and malignant prostate cells. The research, published in PLOS ONE, provides the first evidence that...
CAR T-Cell Therapy Yields Promising Complete Response Rates in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory B-Cell ALL
In a recent study published in Science Translational Medicine, Davila et al found that 88% of patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who were treated with genetically modified versions of their own immune cells achieved overall complete response. Most...
Hyaluronan Synthase 3 Variant Associated With Increased Risk of Anthracycline-Related Cardiomyopathy
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Wang et al in the Children’s Oncology Group identified a common single nucleotide polymorphism, rs2232228, in the hyaluronan synthase 3 (HAS3) gene that is associated with anthracycline dose–related risk of cardiomyopathy in...
Optimized Radiation Treatment Schedule for Glioblastoma May Extend Survival
An altered radiation treatment schedule for glioblastoma, the most common and lethal form of brain cancer, extended the survival period of mice with the disease, according to a new study published in Cell. Because the research involved mice, the study does not recommend a specific new schedule for...
New Society Launched for Advanced Practitioners in Hematology and Oncology
The Advanced Practitioner Society for Hematology and Oncology (APSHO) announced its launch as a new organization focused on meeting the unique educational and professional needs of the advanced practitioner in hematology and oncology. The formation of the Society was made public January 26, 2014,...
New Findings Contradict Current Understanding of How to Manage Breast Biopsy Abnormalities
A long-term follow-up study by Hartmann et al of patients with two types of breast tissue abnormalities—atypical ductal hyperplasia and atypical lobular hyperplasia—suggests that both abnormalities have the same potential to advance to breast cancer. The findings could help improve...
Enzalutamide Improves Survival in Chemotherapy-Naive Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Enzalutamide (Xtandi) improved survival by 29% in men with chemotherapy-naive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and reduced the risk of radiographic progression by 81%, according to complete results of the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multinational, phase III PREVAIL...
High Prevalence of Platinum-Related Hearing Loss in Children With High-Risk Neuroblastoma, With Differences According to Audiometry Scales
The reported prevalence of platinum-associated ototoxicity in children with high-risk neuroblastoma varies widely due to small patient samples and use of disparate grading scales. In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Landier et al in the Children’s Oncology Group assessed...
Increased Cardiovascular Risk Despite Healthier Lifestyle Characteristics in Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Survivors
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Chow et al compared cardiovascular risk and risk factors in hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients with those in a matched general population sample. Hematopoietic cell transplantation survivors were at greater risk for cardiomyopathy, ...
Benefit of Breast Cancer Screening More Consistent Across Studies Than Previously Understood
Re-examination of data from four large studies of the benefits and harms of mammography screening shows that the benefits are more consistent across these studies than previously understood and that all the studies indicate a substantial reduction in breast cancer mortality with screening,...
Reduced-Intensity Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Spares Cognition
The intensity of transplant-related chemotherapy and radiation has effects on cognition, according to a study presented at the 55th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting and Exposition (Abstract 913). Full-intensity hematopoietic stem cell transplant was associated with cognitive...
Timing and Choice of Treatment May Affect the Quality of Life of Young Breast Cancer Survivors
The choice and timing of therapeutic interventions may significantly affect the quality of life of young breast cancer survivors in the short term, although other quality-of-life domains such as family relationships may not be negatively impacted after treatment. These findings were reported by...
One Dose of HPV 16/18 Vaccine Produces Durable Response Against New Infections
Results from the Costa Rica HPV16/18 Vaccine Trial (CVT) has found that 4-year efficacy against 12-month HPV16/18 persistent infection was similarly high among women who received one, two, or the recommended three doses of the bivalent HPV16/18 L1 virus-like particle vaccine (Cervarix). The...
Multiple Myeloma Defined by Light Chain Amyloidosis With Plasma Cell or CRAB Criteria
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Taxiarchis V. Kourelis, MD, and colleagues from the Mayo Clinic attempted to define a threshold of bone marrow plasma cell number that could serve to define light chain amyloidosis as light chain amyloidosis with multiple myeloma. They found that ...
Bone Marrow Transplant Linked to Negative Sexual Side Effects in Both Men and Women
New research ties preparative procedures and complications associated with blood or bone marrow transplant with diminished sexual health in both men and women who have undergone the procedure. Study data, published today in Blood, confirm chronic graft-vs-host disease as a potential source of...
Investigational Antibody-Drug Conjugate May Provide New Treatment Option for Pancreatic Cancer Patients
Patients with pancreatic cancer may benefit from an investigational member of an emerging class of anticancer drugs called antibody-drug conjugates, according to preclinical results presented at the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference on Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics, held October...
New Nanopharmaceutical May Be Able to Overcome Resistance to Antiangiogenic Treatment
The nanopharmaceutical CRLX101, a novel inhibitor of topoisomerase-1 and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 alpha, may be capable of overcoming resistance of tumors to antiangiogenic agents, according to preclinical and early clinical studies that have evaluated CRLX101 in combination with...
Ramucirumab Prolongs Survival in Advanced Gastric Cancer
An investigational targeted drug that reduces blood flow to tumors prolonged the survival of patients with advanced stomach cancer after standard treatments failed, according to results of large multicenter clinical trial reported by Charles S. Fuchs, MD, MPH, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and...
ASTRO: Protecting Hippocampus During Whole-Brain Radiation Substantially Reduces Rate of Memory Loss in Cancer Patients
Protecting the stem cells that reside in and around the hippocampus substantially reduces the rate of cancer patients' memory loss during whole-brain radiotherapy without a significant risk of recurrence in that area of the brain, a new study shows. Results of the phase II clinical trial of...
Swallowing Exercises Preserve Function in Patients Receiving Radiation for Head and Neck Cancer
A study from UCLA's Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center (JCCC) has found that patients with head and neck cancer receiving radiation as part of their treatment were less likely to suffer unwanted side effects such as worsening of diet, need for a feeding tube, or narrowing of the throat passage if...
Study Suggests Low-Grade Prostate Cancers May Not Progress Over Time
Data analyzed from a large cohort study of men diagnosed with prostate cancer found that prostate cancer aggressiveness may be established when the tumor is formed and not change over time. The researchers of the study, Kathryn L. Penney, ScD, Instructor in the Department of Medicine at Harvard...
Study Suggests Neural Stem Cells May Regenerate After Radiation Therapy
Scientists have long believed that healthy brain cells, once damaged by radiation designed to kill brain tumors, cannot regenerate. But new research in mice suggests that neural stem cells, the body's source of new brain cells, are resistant to radiation, and can be roused from a hibernation-like...
Whole-Genome Sequencing Reveals Mutation Signature in Aristolochic Acid–Associated Upper Urinary Tract Cancer
Genomic sequencing experts at Johns Hopkins partnered with pharmacologists at Stony Brook University to reveal a striking mutational signature of upper urinary tract cancers caused by aristolochic acid, a plant compound contained in herbal remedies used for thousands of years to treat a variety of...
Researchers Identify Origin of Inflammation-Driven Pancreatic Cancer
Researchers at Mayo Clinic in Florida have revealed the process by which pancreatitis—chronic inflammation of the pancreas—morphs into pancreatic cancer. They say their findings point to ways to identify pancreatitis patients at risk of pancreatic cancer and to potential drug therapies...
Higher Incidence of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Found in Regions with Close Proximity to Benzene Release Sites
The incidence of a non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is significantly higher in regions near facilities that release the chemical benzene into the environment, according to a new study published early online in Cancer. This and other studies like it will be critical to identifying and enacting public...
Intratumoral IL-12 Injections Shrink Melanoma and Merkel Cell Tumors
Intratumoral injections of plasmid DNA encoding interleukin-12 (IL-12), facilitated in its delivery by electroporation, results in tumor regression in patients with both metastatic melanoma and Merkel cell carcinoma, according to findings reported at the 2013 World Cutaneous Malignancies Congress...
New Biomarker for Colorectal Cancer Could Help Predict Whether Disease Will Spread
Scientists have identified a protein that could play a crucial role in recognizing whether patients with colorectal cancer are candidates for chemotherapy due to a high risk of their cancer spreading, according to a new study published in the British Journal of Cancer. Scientists at the University...
Study Suggests Proteins Involved in Immunity May Be Responsible for Cancer-causing Mutations
A set of proteins involved in the body’s natural defenses produces a large number of mutations in human DNA, according to a study led by researchers at the National Institutes of Health. The findings, published in Nature Genetics, suggest that these naturally produced mutations are just as...
Most Commonly Used Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines Do Not Resemble Ovarian Cancer
Researchers from Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center recently discovered that the most frequently used cancer cell lines in ovarian cancer research are not suitable models of ovarian cancer. Their findings are the result of a detailed review of genomic data that recently became publicly...
Virus Combination Effective Against Temozolomide-resistant Glioblastoma Multiforme
A combination of the myxoma virus and the immune suppressant rapamycin can kill glioblastoma multiforme, the most common and deadliest malignant brain tumor, according to new research published in Neuro-Oncology. Study lead author Peter A. Forsyth, MD, Chair of the Neuro-oncology Program at Moffitt ...
ASCO 2013: Top Five Things Oncologists Need to Know about Cancer in Older Adults
A workforce shortage of geriatricians and other health professionals trained and certified in caring for older patients with cancer is colliding with the aging of the population and the increasing number of older Americans with cancer. After describing factors contributing to these dual challenges, ...
FDA Clears Multicenter Trial of Treatment for Chemotherapy-related Hair Loss
The FDA has approved initiation of a multicenter trial of the DigniCap System, a scalp-cooling device for chemotherapy-related hair loss. The trial is the second and final phase of study for the DigniCap System. A pilot study previously conducted by researchers at the University of California San...
