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Showing 20151 - 20200FDA Grants Orphan Drug Designation to Anti‑Tropomyosin Drug for Neuroblastoma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Orphan Drug designation to Novogen Limited’s chemotherapy candidate drug Anisina for neuroblastoma. Anisina is a small molecule belonging to a family of compounds called anti-tropomyosins. It has been designed to inhibit Tpm3.1, a...
DNA Repair Kinase Identified as Key Driver of Metastasis in Prostate Cancer
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University reported finding a single molecule that appears to be the central regulator driving metastasis in prostate cancer. The study, published by Goodwin et al in Cancer Cell, offers a target for the development of a drug that could prevent metastasis in prostate ...
Smoking Cessation Near Time of Lung Cancer Diagnosis May Improve Survival
Tobacco cessation provided a significant survival benefit for patients with lung cancer who quit smoking shortly before or after diagnosis, despite the severity of the disease. Results of this Roswell Park Cancer Institute–led study were published by Dobson Amato et al in the Journal of...
Extended-Field Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy for Cervical and Endometrial Cancers Does Not Increase Risk of Duodenal Toxicity
Women with cervical or endometrial cancer who require treatment to the para-aortic lymph nodes can safely receive extended-field intensity-modulated radiation therapy without increased risk of duodenal toxicity, according to a study by Xu et al in Practical Radiation Oncology. Extended-Field...
Two-Thirds of Patients With Locally Advanced Laryngeal Cancer Not Receiving Recommended Treatment
Despite findings of previous studies and published guidelines, nearly two-thirds of patients with T4a laryngeal cancer are not receiving a total laryngectomy—the recommended form of treatment—and, as a result, have significantly worse survival rates vs those treated with a total...
FDA Approves Gefitinib for EGFR-Mutated Metastatic Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved gefitinib (Iressa) for the treatment of patients with metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose tumors have epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 19 deletions or exon 21 (L858R) substitution mutations as detected by an...
Treatment With PI3K Inhibitors May Cause Cancers to Become More Aggressive and Metastatic
The enzyme phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) appears to be exploited in almost every type of human cancer, making it the focus of considerable interest as a therapeutic target, with many PI3K-inhibiting drugs currently in various stages of clinical development. However, PI3K inhibitors have only ...
Similar Long-Term Outcomes With Robotic vs Traditional Surgery in Patients With Bladder Cancer
In the largest multi-institutional study to date, patients diagnosed with bladder cancer and treated with robot-assisted surgery experienced similar results to those who underwent a traditional open operation, according to research led by scientists at Roswell Park Cancer Institute (RPCI). The ...
Diagnosis of Additional Small Breast Cancers Suggests Screening Mammography May Lead to Overdiagnosis
A study of screening mammography across U.S. counties found that “the clearest result of mammography screening is the diagnosis of additional small cancers” but without a “concomitant decline in the detection of larger cancers, which might explain the absence of any significant...
Early Study Suggests Which Glioblastoma Patients May Benefit From Dasatinib
Clinicians testing the drug dasatinib (Sprycel), approved for several blood cancers, had hoped it would slow the aggressive growth of the deadly brain cancer glioblastoma; however, clinical trials to date have not found any benefit. Researchers at Mayo Clinic, who conducted one of those clinical...
DNA Shed From Head and Neck Tumors Detected in Blood and Saliva
On the hunt for better cancer screening tests, Johns Hopkins scientists led a proof-of-principle study that successfully identified tumor DNA shed in the blood and saliva of 93 patients with head and neck cancer. A report on the findings was published by Wang et al in Science Translational...
Protein-Enriched Exosome Useful for Early Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer
A protein encoded by the gene glypican-1 (GPC1) present on cancer exosomes may be used as part of a potential noninvasive diagnostic and screening tool to detect early pancreatic cancer, potentially at a stage amenable to surgical treatment, according to a study completed by University of Texas MD...
Study Finds More Selective Ordering of Breast Biomarker Tests Could Save Millions in Health-Care Dollars
A review of medical records for almost 200 patients with breast cancer suggests that more selective use of biomarker testing for such patients has the potential to save millions of dollars in health-care spending without compromising care, according to Johns Hopkins researchers. Specifically,...
ASCO Endorses ASTRO Guideline on Radiation Therapy After Surgery for Endometrial Cancer
The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) issued an endorsement of the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) clinical practice guideline on postoperative radiation therapy for women with endometrial (uterine) cancer. The endorsement was published by Meyer et al in the Journal of...
Daratumumab Expanded Access Program Open to Eligible U.S. Patients With Heavily Pretreated Multiple Myeloma
Janssen Biotech, Inc, announced the opening of a daratumumab expanded access program for eligible U.S. patients. Daratumumab is an investigational human anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody being evaluated in clinical trials as a treatment for patients with multiple myeloma. The multicenter, open-label...
Mapping Genetic Mutations in Cutaneous Melanoma
Researchers have a significantly better understanding of the genetic alterations found in cutaneous melanoma as part of a multi-institution, international effort of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The study, published in Cell, refined and revealed new molecular subgroups of patients who could...
ESMO World GI 2015: Second-Line Cetuximab Active Beyond Progression in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Patients with metastatic colorectal cancer that are free of mutations in the KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, and PIK3CA genes showed a significant benefit from continuing antiepidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy beyond progression following first-line chemotherapy and an anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody. ...
ESMO World GI 2015: Studies Confirm Regorafenib Benefit in Pretreated Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
The phase IIIb CONSIGN trial has confirmed the benefit of regorafenib (Stivarga) in patients with previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer, researchers announced July 3 at the European Society for Medical Oncology World Congress on Gastrointestinal Cancer in Barcelona, Spain (Abstract...
MASCC/ISOO 2015: Phase III Study of Single-Dose Fosaprepitant Dimeglumine in Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting
Researchers from Merck presented results from a phase III study investigating the safety and efficacy of single-dose fosaprepitant dimeglumine (Emend) for injection, a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist, in combination with other antivomiting medicines, for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced...
MASCC/ISOO 2015: Data Show Disconnect Between Clinician and Patient Perceptions of Treatment-Induced Nausea and Vomiting
Researchers from Norgine B.V. presented new data highlighting a perceptual gap between health-care professionals and patients in terms of the incidence and impact on patients’ daily life of chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV/RINV) at the joint Multinational...
ESMO World GI 2015: SENRI Trial Evaluates NK1 Antagonists for Emesis Prevention in Oxaliplatin-Based Chemotherapy
The SENRI trial has opened the window to evaluate neurokinin 1 (NK1) antagonists for emesis prevention in patients taking oxaliplatin chemotherapy, said European Society for Medical Oncology World Congress on Gastrointestinal Cancer (ESMO) spokesperson and antiemetics expert Fausto Roila, MD....
ESMO World GI 2015: Low Body Mass Index Associated With Poorer Survival in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Although being overweight with a high body mass index (BMI) has long been associated with a higher risk for colorectal cancer, thinner patients might not fare as well as previously expected after treatment for advanced cancer, according to a new study from Duke Medicine. The study, which was...
Development of New Blood Vessels Not Essential to Growth of Lymph Node Metastases
While the use of antiangiogenesis drugs that block the growth of new blood vessels can improve the treatment of some cancers, clinical trials of their ability to prevent the development of new metastases have failed. Now a study from the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center may have...
New Biomarkers Might Help Personalize Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Treatment
Metastatic colorectal cancer patients have improved survival rates when they respond to the first line of chemotherapy their doctors recommend. To better predict how patients will respond to chemotherapeutic agents before they begin treatment, researchers at University of California (UC) San Diego...
Boosted Radiation Dose May Make Some Pancreatic Cancers Resectable
Because of their location, cancers on the pancreas often invade and wrap around nearby veins and arteries in the abdomen. When these vessels become involved, surgery to remove the cancer, which is typically the standard treatment, becomes significantly more difficult—sometimes impossible....
Immune Signaling Protein May Have Opposing Roles in Breast Cancer Development
Researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center have discovered that inhibiting the immune receptor protein TLR4 may not be a wise treatment strategy in all cancers, as research now shows TLR4 can either promote or inhibit breast cancer cell growth depending on mutations in...
Study Finds Current Prices of Hematologic Cancer Drugs Are Not Justified
The costs associated with cancer drug prices have risen dramatically over the past 15 years, a trend concerning to many oncologists. In a new analysis, researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center concluded that the majority of existing treatments for hematologic cancers are...
Study Finds Significant Drop in New Prostate Cancer Diagnoses
A new study led by Vanderbilt University Medical Center investigators found new diagnoses of prostate cancer in the United States declined 28% in the year following the draft recommendation from the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) against routine prostate-specific antigen (PSA)...
Cardio-Oncology Services May Improve Patient Care if More Widely Available
The impact of cancer treatments on cardiovascular health is an important consideration when treating cancer patients. However, many hospital training programs have no formal training or services in cardio-oncology, and a lack of national guidelines and a lack of funding are frequent barriers to...
ETV6 Mutation May Trigger Lymphoblastic Leukemia
The results of a nearly 10-year investigation that identified a key gene mutation that can trigger acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and several other types of cancer were recently published by Noetzli et al in Nature Genetics. The findings have, for the first time, pinpointed a mutation that...
Importance of Establishing Definitions to Increase Survival After Blood/Marrow Transplant
Blood and marrow transplantation is a potentially curative treatment for patients with leukemia or other life-threating blood diseases. With a goal of increasing survival rates, a research team led by Roswell Park Cancer Institute (RPCI) investigators verified patient outcome data submitted by more ...
Early Menarche May Play a Role in Development of Aggressive Breast Cancer in African American Women
Early age at menarche could play a role in the disproportionate incidence of estrogen receptor–negative breast cancers diagnosed among African American women, according to a study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. The study is a result of a multicenter collaborative...
ASCO Publishes Conceptual Framework to Assess the Value of New Cancer Treatment Options
In a press conference today, ASCO detailed the contents of the initial version of a conceptual framework for assessing the value of new cancer treatment options based on the treatment’s clinical benefit, side effects, and cost. Other important measures, such as quality of life and...
Abdominal Blood Clots May Indicate Undiagnosed Cancer
New research published by Søgaard et al in Blood found that blood clots in the abdominal veins might be an indicator of undiagnosed cancer. The study also suggests that these clots predict poorer survival in patients with liver and pancreatic cancer. Clotting and Cancer Risk Compared to...
Chemotherapy May Be Preferred Option for Some With Advanced Prostate Cancer
In a small clinical trial, scientists at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center and James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute found that men with advanced prostate cancer and detection of androgen receptor splice variant-7 (AR-V7) respond to chemotherapy just as well as men who lack the variant. The...
Prenatal DDT Exposure Tied to Nearly Fourfold Increase in Breast Cancer Risk
Women who were exposed to higher levels of the pesticide DDT in utero were nearly four times more likely to be diagnosed with breast cancer as adults than women who were exposed to lower levels before birth, according to a study published by Cohn et al in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & ...
ASCO 2015: Gene Therapy Paired With Traditional Surgical Resection Benefits Patients With Glioblastoma
Houston Methodist Neurological Institute neurosurgeon David Baskin, MD, presented preliminary data from a phase II clinical trial that suggests gene therapy (AdV-Tk therapy), which uses a mediated herpes simplex virus, combined with a traditional treatment—surgical resection—could ...
Lymph Nodes Signal More Aggressive Thyroid Cancer, Even in Young Patients
Patients older than age 45 with thyroid cancer that has spread to neck lymph nodes have long been considered at higher risk of dying, but the same has not been true for younger patients. Now researchers at the Duke Cancer Institute and the Duke Clinical Research Institute have found that...
Single Dose of HPV-16/18 Vaccine May Prevent Cervical Cancer
A single dose of the recombinant human papillomavirus (HPV) bivalent (types 16 and 18) vaccine (Cervarix) appears to be as effective in preventing certain HPV infections as three doses, the currently recommended course of vaccination, concluded a study published by Kreimer et al in The Lancet...
Multicenter Study Redefines Brain Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment
Scientists at multiple institutions have found a new way of classifying brain cancers that could very well change how the illness is diagnosed and treated. The study, a project of The Cancer Genome Atlas, found striking molecular differences between various forms of gliomas by looking at the makeup ...
Latina Patients With Breast Cancer Need More Culturally Relevant, Language-Specific Stress Management Tools
It is estimated that one of every three Latina women will be diagnosed with cancer during her lifetime. Moffitt Cancer Center researchers, along with collaborators at the University of South Florida, recently published a study about the attitudes and cultural perspectives of Latinas undergoing...
ASCO 2015: IMGN853 Demonstrates Single-Agent Activity for Patients With Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer
In a phase I trial, the investigational agent mirvetuximab soravtansine (IMGN853) was found to be active in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. ImmunoGen, Inc, announced the first clinical findings of this folate-receptor alpha (FRα)-targeting antibody-drug conjugate at the...
Study Supports Early Intervention for Prostate Cancer Patients Who Experience Significant Emotional Distress
A study led by the University at Buffalo (UB) and Roswell Park Cancer Institute (RPCI) has identified beliefs and personality traits associated with higher levels of distress in patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer. The findings support the value of emotional and informational support for...
Colorectal Cancer Screening Increase May Reflect Affordable Care Act Provision
Screening for colorectal cancer increased in individuals with a lower socioeconomic status after 2008, perhaps reflecting the Affordable Care Act’s removal of financial barriers to screening, according to a new analysis. The study, by American Cancer Society investigators, was published by...
Study Shows Nearly 15 Million Women Live Prohibitively Far From Access to Gynecologic Cancer Care
More than one-third of counties in the United States are located more than 50 miles from the nearest gynecologic oncologist, making access to specialty care for ovarian and other gynecologic cancers difficult for nearly 15 million women. Although most of these “low-access” counties are...
Analysis Shows Advantage for Picture-Based vs Text-Based Warnings on Cigarette Packs
Pictures illustrating the dangers of cigarette smoking were more effective at strengthening people’s intentions to quit smoking than text warnings, a University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill analysis of multiple research studies has found. These findings were published by Noar et al in...
ASCO 2015: Glioblastoma Poliovirus Therapy Works Best at a Low Dosage
A modified poliovirus therapy that is showing activity in patients with glioblastoma works best at a low dosage, according to the research team at Duke’s Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center. The dosage findings for the first 20 patients in the phase 1 trial were presented June 1 at the...
Livers Donated After Cardiac Death Are Safe to Use in Liver Cancer Patients
In the largest study of its kind, transplant physicians at Mayo Clinic in Florida have found that liver cancer patients have similar beneficial outcomes whether using organs donated by patients after cardiac death or brain death. The study was recently published by Croome et al in the American...
New Molecular Diagnostic Test Predicts Progression of Barrett's Esophagus to Esophageal Cancer
Interpace Diagnostics, a subsidiary of PDI, Inc, announced new data demonstrating the clinical value of BarreGen, a molecular diagnostic test that predicts the risk of progression from Barrett’s esophagus to esophageal cancer approximately 3 to 4 years before the cancer develops. These...
Palbociclib Improves Progression-Free Survival in Advanced Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer
In a phase III PALOMA 3 trial reported at the 2015 ASCO Annual Meeting and published in The New England Journal of Medicine, Turner et al found that the cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitor palbociclib (Ibrance) significantly improved progression-free survival in women with advanced hormone...
