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Showing 16601 - 16650BMI Is an Independent Prognostic Factor in Patients With Node-Positive Breast Cancer Receiving Optimally Dosed Chemotherapy
In an analysis reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Ligibel et al found that body mass index (BMI) at diagnosis was independently prognostic for recurrence-free and overall survival in women with early-stage node-positive breast cancer who received doxorubicin,...
Unilateral Mastectomy Is a More Cost-Effective Treatment for Sporadic Cancer in One Breast Than Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomy
For younger women with early-stage, noninherited breast cancer on one side, a unilateral mastectomy leads to a slightly higher quality of life and lower costs over the next 20 years compared with contralateral prophylactic mastectomy, according to new study results presented at the 2015 Annual...
No Difference in Outcomes With Short-Course vs Longer-Course Radiotherapy in Elderly or Frail Patients With Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma
In a noninferiority phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Roa et al found no difference in overall survival, progression-free survival, or quality of life between short-course and longer-course radiotherapy in elderly or frail patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma...
Comparison of Adjuvant Regimens in Early-Stage Breast Cancer
In a systematic review and network meta-analysis reported in JAMA Oncology, Fujii et al found that sequential anthracycline-cyclophosphamide and taxane (AC-T) appears to be the most effective adjuvant regimen in early-stage breast cancer in terms of association with overall survival and toxicity....
Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Treatment Produces Response in Patient With Refractory Multiple Myeloma
As reported by Garfall et al in The New England Journal of Medicine, a patient with refractory multiple myeloma who had undergone prior autologous stem cell transplantation and multiple lines of therapy exhibited a complete response to a second autologous transplantation followed by infusion of...
Cardiovascular Prevention Trial Shows Reduction in Invasive Breast Cancer Risk With Mediterranean Diet Supplemented by Extra-Virgin Olive Oil
As reported in JAMA Internal Medicine by Toledo et al, a large Spanish primary prevention nutrition intervention trial in patients at high cardiovascular risk (PREDIMED) showed a large reduction in risk for invasive breast cancer among women 60 to 80 years of age who were randomly assigned to the...
FDA Approves Expanded Indication for Medical Device to Treat Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma Multiforme
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved an expanded indication for the Optune tumor treating fields device to treat patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme. It is given along with the chemotherapy drug temozolomide following standard treatments that include...
Disparities in Outcomes for Children With Retinoblastoma May Suggest Unequal Access to Primary Care
Disparities in outcomes for children with retinoblastoma suggest unequal access to primary care, researchers from Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center reported in a study published by Truong et al in JAMA Pediatrics. Although virtually all the children in the study...
Palliative Care 2015: Study Finds the Answer to One Question Can Help Identify Patients Nearing the End of Life
Determining the answer to a simple question, “Would you be surprised if this patient died within the next year?” can be an important tool to help predict which patients with cancer may be in their final year of life, according to the findings from a study by Vick et al. The tool, known...
Telomerase Inhibitor Imetelstat Shows Activity in Myelofibrosis
In a pilot study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Tefferi et al found that imetelstat, which targets the RNA template of telomerase reverse transcriptase, produced responses in patients with myelofibrosis. Treatment was associated with myelosuppression in some patients. Current...
Phase IIb Trial Shows Improved Progression-Free Survival With First-Line Aldoxorubicin vs Doxorubicin in Advanced Soft-Tissue Sarcoma
In a randomized phase IIb trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Chawla et al found that aldoxorubicin—a novel albumin-binding prodrug of doxorubicin—produced longer progression-free survival than doxorubicin as first-line treatment for metastatic or locally advanced unresectable soft-tissue...
Palliative Radiotherapy May Be Overused in Late-Stage Lung Cancer
Almost half of patients with advanced lung cancer receive more than the recommended number of radiation treatments to reduce their pain, according to a new study published by Koshy et al in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Radiation therapy that is palliative can reduce the pain from...
Bariatric Surgery May Resolve Precancerous Uterine Lining Changes in Obese Women
A study evaluating the effects of bariatric surgery on obese women most at risk for cancer has found that the weight-loss surgery slashed participants' weight by one-third and eliminated precancerous uterine growths in those who had them. Other effects included improving patients' physical quality...
FDA Grants Accelerated Approval to Pembrolizumab for Advanced NSCLC
On October 2, 2015, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval for pembrolizumab (Keytruda) to treat patients with metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose disease has progressed after other treatments and with tumors that express programmed cell...
ECC 2015: Combination of Dabrafenib and Trametinib Superior to Vemurafenib Alone in Advanced Melanoma: Results of the COMBI-v Trial
The latest results from a trial of a combination of two targeted therapies (dabrafenib [Tafinlar] and trametinib [Mekinist]) to treat advanced melanoma have shown that patients are living significantly longer on the combined therapy than patients treated with vemurafenib (Zelboraf) alone. Caroline...
Breast Tumor Genomic Characteristics Suggest More Aggressive Biology in African American vs White Women
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Keenan et al found that African American women with breast cancer had greater intratumor genetic heterogeneity, a higher frequency of TP53 mutation, and higher risk for basal tumors compared with white women, with the characteristics...
Nonmyeloablative Transplantation With High-Dose Cyclophosphamide May Improve Outcomes in Older Patients With Hematologic Malignancy
In a recent report of single-institution experience in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Kasamon et al found that nonmyeloablative-related HLA-haploidentical blood or marrow transplantation (BMT) followed by high-dose cyclophosphamide produced good outcomes in patients aged 50 to 75 years...
Postprostatectomy Radiation Therapy Yields Low Toxicity and Favorable Patient-Reported Quality of Life
A prospective study of guideline-based, postoperative, image-guided intensity-modulated radiation therapy in patients with prostate cancer found low toxicity profiles and favorable patient-reported quality of life following treatment, with researchers concluding that toxicity and health-related...
ECC 2015: Pembrolizumab in Patients With Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Results of the KEYNOTE-028 Trial
Pembrolizumab (Keytruda), an anti–PD-1 therapy, may be effective as monotherapy in patients with advanced unresectable nasopharyngeal carcinoma whose tumors express programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). Data from a phase Ib study, KEYNOTE-028, showed an overall response rate of 22.2% in 27...
ECC 2015: Atezolizumab in Locally Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma: Results of the IMvigor 210 Study
At the 2015 European Cancer Congress in Vienna, Austria, early results were announced (Abstract 21LBA) from a pivotal phase II study, IMvigor 210, of the investigational cancer immunotherapy atezolizumab (anti–PD-L1; MPDL3280A) in people with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial...
FDA Grants Accelerated Approval to Nivolumab in Combination With Ipilimumab in BRAF V600 Wild-Type, Unresectable, or Metastatic Melanoma
On September 30, 2015, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval to nivolumab (Opdivo) in combination with ipilimumab (Yervoy) for the treatment of patients with BRAF V600 wild-type, unresectable, or metastatic melanoma. The FDA is scheduled to make a decision on ...
Co-infection With High-Risk and Low-Risk HPV Reduces Risk of Squamous Cervical Cancer vs High-Risk HPV Alone
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Sundström et al found that women co-infected with high-risk and low-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) had reduced risk of squamous cervical cancer (SCC), but not cancer in situ (CIS) compared with women with high-risk HPV...
Biomarker miR-506 Helps Predict Survival Time in Gastric Cancer Patients
Gastric cancer is typically associated with late-stage diagnosis, as well as high mortality. A study by Li et al in The American Journal of Pathology points to a pivotal role played by the biomarker microRNA (miR)-506 in gastric cancer. Patients whose primary gastric cancer lesions express high...
ECC 2015: Lung and Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors and Results From the RADIANT-4 Trial
An international team of researchers has shown that the use of the mTOR inhibitor everolimus can delay tumor growth among both gastrointestinal and lung neuroendocrine tumors. This is particularly important for patients with lung tumors, the researchers say, because there is currently no approved...
ECC 2015: Advanced Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors and Results From the NETTER-1 Trial
Results from a multicenter randomized international trial of an innovative treatment show a marked improvement in the length of time patients with midgut neuroendocrine tumors experience progression-free survival, researchers reported at the 2015 European Cancer Congressin Vienna, Austria, on...
Tailored Education Improves Awareness of Risk for Therapy-Related Complications Among Childhood Cancer Survivors
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Landier et al found that education tailored to personal risk for therapy-related complications improved risk awareness in survivors of childhood cancer. The level of awareness appeared to reach a maximum after several educational sessions....
ECC 2015: First Targeted Treatment for Small Cell Lung Cancer Shows Promise
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive disease that is difficult to treat and is frequently diagnosed only when it has metastasized. Five-year survival rates in SCLC, which accounts for about 14% of all lung cancers, are very low, at only 6%. Researchers presented novel findings (Abstract...
ECC 2015: Children Exposed to Prenatal Cancer Treatment Show Normal Mental Processes and Heart Function
In a special session on cancer in pregnancy at the 2015 European Cancer Congress (Abstract 3205), Frédéric Amant, MD, PhD, said that new results from a study of 129 children, aged 1–3, born after prenatal exposure to cancer treatment, showed normal development of their...
ECC 2015: Living Conditions and Gender Appear to Affect Incidence of Hodgkin Lymphoma
Living in overcrowded conditions appears to protect children and young adults against developing a particular type of Hodgkin lymphoma. This protective effect seems to suggest that infections earlier in life may stimulate the immune system to deal with future infections and cancerous cells more...
ECC 2015: Genetic Screening of Brain Metastases Could Reveal New Targets for Treatment
Unraveling the genetic sequences of cancer that has spread to the brain could offer unexpected targets for effective treatment, according to new research (Abstract 2905) presented at the 2015 European Cancer Congress in Vienna, Austria, and published simultaneously by Brastianos et al in...
ECC 2015: Hormone Therapy May Prevent Ovarian Failure and Preserve Fertility in Women With Breast Cancer
Young women undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer may be more likely to remain fertile if they also receive hormonal treatment, according to new research (Abstract 1957) presented at the 2015 European Cancer Congress in Vienna, Austria, and published simultaneously by Lambertini et al in Annals ...
ECC 2015: Use of Aspirin Linked to Improved Survival in Gastrointestinal Cancers
Aspirin improved survival in patients with tumors situated throughout the gastrointestinal tract, results from a large study in the Netherlands showed. This is the first time that survival data from patients with tumors in different gastrointestinal locations have been analyzed at the same time;...
ECC 2015: Association Between Primary Surgery and Survival Benefit in Patients With Advanced Throat Cancers
Patients with cancers of the mid and lower throat may have higher survival rates if their initial treatment includes surgery, according to new research (Abstract 2804) presented at the 2015 European Cancer Congress in Vienna, Austria. Researchers explained that a nationwide study in Taiwan found...
ECC 2015: Nivolumab Improves Overall Survival in Patients With Advanced Kidney Cancer
The targeted drug nivolumab (Opdivo) significantly prolonged survival in patients with advanced kidney cancer whose disease had progressed after their first treatment, according to the results (Abstract 3LBA) presented at the 2015 European Cancer Congress (ECC) in Vienna, Austria, and published...
ECC 2015: EUROCARE Results Show Large Variations in Survival Among European Countries
Comparisons of cancer patients’ survival and care in Europe up to 2007 showed that although more patients are surviving for at least 5 years after diagnosis, there are large variations among countries, which are particularly significant in cancers of the blood. Milena Sant, MD, from the...
ECC 2015: Cabozantinib Improves Survival in Patients With Advanced Kidney Cancer
Patients with advanced kidney cancer lived for nearly twice as long without their disease progressing if they were treated with cabozantinib (Cometriq), a drug that inhibits the action of tyrosine kinases. Toni Choueiri, MD, presented the research (Abstract 4LBA) at the Presidential Session of the...
Activity of Combined BRAF and MEK Inhibition in BRAF V600–Mutant Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
In a phase I/II study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Corcoran et al found that the combination of the BRAF inhibitor dabrafenib (Tafinlar) and the MEK inhibitor trametinib (Mekinist) produced responses in some patients with BRAF V600–mutant metastatic colorectal cancer. MAPK...
ECC 2015: Nivolumab Is More Effective Than Docetaxel in Extending Overall Survival in Advanced Nonsquamous NSCLC
A randomized phase III study by Borghaei et al evaluating the efficacy and safety of nivolumab (Opdivo) vs docetaxel in patients with advanced nonsquamous non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after failure of platinum-based chemotherapy has found that nivolumab improved overall survival, 12.2...
Ruxolitinib-Capecitabine May Benefit Patients With Gemcitabine-Pretreated Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer With Systemic Inflammation
In a randomized phase II trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Hurwitz et al found no significant survival benefit of adding the JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor ruxolitinib (Jakafi) to capecitabine in patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma who had treatment failure with gemcitabine....
Phase II Study Suggests Survival Benefit With First-Line Fulvestrant vs Anastrozole in Advanced Breast Cancer
Overall survival data from a phase II study, reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Ellis et al, suggest a benefit of first-line fulvestrant (Faslodex) vs anastrozole in postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor–positive advanced breast cancer. The study protocol was amended to...
Study Finds Improving Cervical Cancer Screening Practice May Generate Health Gains With Nominal Increases in Cost
Cytology-based screening has led to substantial declines in cervical cancer incidence and mortality since it was introduced in the 1940s. A population-based, cost-effective analysis investigating the benefits, costs, and cost-effectiveness of current cervical cancer screening practice, however, has ...
Adding Lenalidomide to Melphalan/Prednisone Yields Better Quality of Life Than Thalidomide in Elderly Patients With Multiple Myeloma
A phase III Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) trial (E1A060) comparing melphalan, prednisone, and thalidomide (Thalomid) (MPT-T) with melphalan, prednisone, and lenalidomide (Revlimid) (mPR-R) in elderly patients with untreated multiple myeloma found that at the end of the induction period, ...
Patient Characteristics in Trials of Targeted Therapies for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Differ From Those in Real-World Population
Patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in real-world clinical practice tend to be older and sicker than the patients enrolled in pivotal clinical trials of tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Conversely, patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated...
Active Surveillance Program Improves Intermediate/Longer-Term Outcomes in Favorable-Risk Prostate Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Tosoian et al, a prospective active surveillance program resulted in good intermediate/longer-term outcomes in men with favorable-risk prostate cancer. Study Details The program included 1,298 men with very-low-risk or low-risk disease enrolled...
Ofatumumab Maintenance Improves Progression-Free Survival in Responders to Second- or Third-Line CLL Treatment
In an interim analysis of the phase III PROLONG trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, van Oers et al found that maintenance therapy with ofatumumab (Arzerra) prolonged progression-free survival vs observation in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia in complete or partial remission after...
Unprecedented Number of Mutations Identified in Rare Melanoma
A rare form of skin cancer known as desmoplasmic melanoma may possess the highest burden of gene mutations of any cancer, suggesting that immunotherapy may be a promising approach for treatment, according to an international team led by University of California San Francisco (UCSF) scientists. One...
Adding Bevacizumab to Treatment of Patients With NSCLC May Lead to More Toxicity but Less Risk for Hospitalization
A study among patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with carboplatin-paclitaxel or carboplatin-paclitaxel-bevacizumab (Avastin) found that those receiving the bevacizumab combination were more likely to experience a toxicity event but were less likely to be...
Improved Progression-Free Survival With Trabectedin vs Dacarbazine After Conventional Chemotherapy in Advanced Liposarcoma or Leiomyosarcoma
In a phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Demetri et al found that treatment with trabectedin significantly improved progression-free survival vs dacarbazine in patients with advanced liposarcoma or leiomyosarcoma after prior conventional chemotherapy. Interim analysis of...
Breast Cancer Symposium: Adjuvant Radiation After Lumpectomy May Benefit Some Elderly Women With Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Adjuvant radiation therapy may be omitted for elderly women with estrogen receptor–positive, early-stage breast cancer who receive hormone therapy. Limited data exist to guide treatment decision-making for elderly women with triple-negative breast cancer. As some findings thus far have shown...
Breast Cancer Symposium: Recurrence Rates for Ductal Carcinoma in Situ Treated Between 1978–2010
A new retrospective analysis explored local recurrence rates for women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) treated between 1978 and 2010. In the research (Abstract 32) by Van Zee et al, to be presented September 25 at the 2015 Breast Cancer Symposium, in San Francisco, investigators evaluated a...
