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Showing 15301 - 15350Metabolic Enzyme Stops Growth of Most Common Type of Kidney Cancer
In an analysis of metabolites in human kidney tissue, a research team from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania identified an enzyme key to applying the brakes on tumor growth. The new study, published in Nature by Simon et al, demonstrated that an enzyme called FBP1,...
Corticosteroids Improve Fatigue, Appetite Loss, and Patient Satisfaction but Not Pain in Opioid-Treated Advanced Cancer Patients, Small Study Shows
In a small Norwegian study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Paulsen et al found that methylprednisolone treatment improved fatigue, appetite loss, and patient satisfaction but not pain in patients with advanced cancer receiving opioid treatment for pain. Study Details In the study,...
Two Common Gene Variants Associated With Longer Telomere Length May Increase the Risk of Glioma
Two common gene variants that lead to longer telomere length may increase the risk of glioma, according to the results of a study presented by Walsh et al in Nature Genetics. This finding suggests that telomere length may prove to be a promising epidemiologic risk factor for cancer. It is well...
Cutaneous Embolization of Doxorubicin Drug-Eluting Beads in Patient With Liver Metastases From Breast Cancer
In a case report in JAMA Dermatology, Grieshaber et al describe finding cutaneous embolization of doxorubicin-eluting microspheres following transarterial chemoembolization in a woman with unresectable liver metastasis from breast cancer. Presentation The patient presented with painful pruritic...
Blocking Tumor-Derived Protein Halts Cachexia in Preclinical Study
New research raises the prospect of more effective treatments for cachexia, a profound wasting of fat and muscle occurring in about half of all cancer patients, raising their risk of death, according to scientists from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute. In a study reported in Nature, Spiegelman et al...
Study Compares Tamoxifen Gel Applied to the Breast With Oral Tamoxifen in Women With DCIS
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II trial comparing the antiproliferative effect of transdermal 4-hydroxytamoxifen gel (4-OHT), a potent antiestrogenic metabolite of tamoxifen, applied to the breast and oral tamoxifen in women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), has found the...
Testicular Cancer Rates Are on the Rise in Young Hispanic Americans
A new analysis has found that rates of testicular cancer have been rising dramatically in recent years among young Hispanic American men, but not among their non-Hispanic counterparts. Published early online in Cancer, the findings indicate that greater awareness is needed concerning the increasing ...
Variations in Key Gene Predict Prostate Cancer Patients’ Risk for Radiation-Induced Toxicity
Key genetic variants may affect how cancer patients respond to radiation treatments, according to a study recently published in Nature Genetics. The research team, which included researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, found that variations in the TANC1 gene are associated with...
Study Identifies Novel Genomic Changes in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Researchers from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, and other centers have identified novel mutations in a well-known cancer-causing pathway in lung adenocarcinoma, the most common subtype of lung cancer. Knowledge of these mutations could potentially identify a...
Brain Tumor Invasion Along Blood Vessels May Lead to New Cancer Treatments, Preclinical Study Suggests
Invading glioblastoma cells may hijack cerebral blood vessels during early stages of disease progression and damage the brain’s protective barrier, preclinical study published in Nature Communications indicated. The finding by Watkins et al could ultimately lead to new ways to bring about the ...
Fox Chase Cancer Center Researchers Recommend Updating the Staging Criteria for Breast Cancers With Skin Involvement
Invasive breast cancers with skin involvement, regardless of size or lymph node involvement, are automatically classified as stage III locally advanced tumors, which suggests that they are a relatively serious form of cancer with poor survival. In a study published in the Journal of the American...
Frailty Predicts Noninitiation but Not Discontinuation of Adjuvant Hormonal Therapy in Older Women With Breast Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Sheppard et al found that frailty was a significant predictor of not starting adjuvant hormonal therapy in breast cancer patients aged ≥ 65 years, but was not predictive of discontinuation of treatment. Study Details The study was...
Researchers Identify Events Causing Bone Marrow Inflammation Leading to Blood Disorders
According to a new study, a cascade of molecular events in the bone marrow produces high levels of inflammation that disrupt normal blood formation and lead to potentially deadly disorders including leukemia. The discovery, published by the journal Cell Stem Cell, points the way to potential...
Multifaceted Intervention Improves Adherence to Annual Colorectal Cancer Screening in Primarily Latino Community Health Centers
Colorectal cancer screening rates are low among Latinos and people living in poverty. In a study reported in JAMA Internal Medicine, Baker et al found that a multifaceted intervention more than doubled adherence to screening with fecal occult blood testing in a largely Latino and uninsured...
Excess Risk of Chronic Late Effects of Treatment in Children With Standard-Risk ALL
Given the changes in treatment of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the risk of late effects in those treated with current protocols may be different from that in children treated decades ago. In a study of survivors of childhood standard-risk ALL reported in The Lancet Oncology,...
Surgical Treatment for Metastatic Melanoma of the Liver Increases Overall Survival in Select Group of Patients
Surgical resection markedly improved survival among metastatic melanoma patients whose disease is isolated to a few areas in the liver, according to new study findings published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons. These results mark a departure for melanoma, which is most often...
Phase III Trial Shows Improved Survival With TAS-102 in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Refractory to Standard Therapies
The new combination agent TAS-102 can improve overall survival compared to placebo in patients whose metastatic colorectal cancer is refractory to standard therapies, researchers reported at the ESMO 16th World Congress on Gastrointestinal Cancer in Barcelona (Abstract O-0022). “Around 50%...
American College of Physicians Issues Guideline Recommending Against Routine Pelvic Exams for Asymptomatic Women
A new evidence-based clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians (ACP) is recommending that physicians should not offer routine pelvic examinations to asymptomatic, average-risk, nonpregnant women. The recommendation stems from a review of 52 published articles from 1946...
Study of Over 450,000 Women Finds 3D Mammography Detects More Invasive Cancers and Reduces Recall Rates
Researchers found that three-dimensional (3D) mammography (also known as digital breast tomosynthesis) detected significantly more invasive cancers than a traditional mammogram alone and reduced call-backs for additional imaging. Published in JAMA, this is the largest study reported to...
St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital Appoints James R. Downing, MD, as CEO
St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital announced the appointment of James R. Downing, MD, as its new CEO, effective July 15, 2014. Dr. Downing most recently has served as the Deputy Director, Executive Vice President and Scientific Director of the hospital. He succeeds William E. Evans,...
Synthetic Triterpenoids Show Promise in Preventing Colitis-Associated Colon Cancer in Preclinical Study
Researchers from Case Western Reserve and Dartmouth have shown that a class of small antioxidant molecules carries promise for suppressing colon cancer associated with colitis. These preclinical findings, published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, offer hope that physicians ultimately will ...
BPA Stimulates Growth of Breast Cancer Cells, Diminishes Effect of Treatment
Bisphenol A (BPA), a chemical commonly used in plastics, appears to increase the proliferation of breast cancer cells, according to Duke Medicine researchers presenting at ICE/ENDO 2014, the annual joint meeting of the International Society of Endocrinology and the Endocrine Society in Chicago. The ...
New Tool Predicts Financial Pain for Cancer Patients
In an online report in the journal Cancer, a team of University of Chicago cancer specialists have described the first tool—11 questions, assembled and refined from conversations with more than 150 patients with advanced cancer—to measure a patient’s risk for, and ability to...
No Improvement in Long-Term Outcomes With Extended Colectomy for Sporadic Colorectal Cancer in Patients Younger Than Age 50
Extended colectomy in patients with sporadic colorectal cancer who were younger than age 50, in comparison with segmental resection, did not improve the risk of tumor recurrence or disease-free survival, according to the results of a retrospective study presented by Klos et al in the Journal of...
Development of Orteronel for Prostate Cancer Voluntarily Discontinued by Takeda
Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited announced today that it has voluntarily decided to end the development program for orteronel (TAK-700), an investigational oral, nonsteroidal, selective inhibitor of 17,20-lyase, for prostate cancer. The decision follows the results of two phase III...
Racial Disparities in Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Women With Breast Cancer
A study by Black et al from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, found that the use of sentinel lymph node biopsy to stage early breast cancer increased in both black and white women from 2002 to 2007, but the rates remained lower in black than white patients, a disparity...
Diversity of Intestinal Tract Bacteria Associated With Mortality Outcomes After Stem Cell Transplant, Study Shows
New research published online in Blood suggests that the diversity of bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of patients receiving stem cell transplants may be an important predictor of their post-transplant survival. Potential Connections Previous studies have shown that the intensive treatment...
Surgical Treatment Delay May Not Result in Worse Outcomes in Patients With Colon Cancer
A “reasonable” delay prior to surgery for colon cancer may not result in worse outcomes, according to the results of a retrospective study presented by Amri et al in the Annals of Surgical Oncology. Flexibility in scheduling surgery may lead to an improvement in the quality and safety...
Survey Finds Booming E-Cigarette Online Market
Researchers at the University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine have completed the first comprehensive survey of e-cigarettes for sale online, and the results, they believe, underscore the complexity in regulating the rapidly growing market for the electronic nicotine delivery devices....
Priming Pancreatic Cancer Cells With a Vaccine May Allow Them to Respond to Immunotherapy
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is considered a “nonimmunogenic” neoplasm and does not typically respond to immunotherapy, in part due to a complex tumor microenvironment that provides a formidable barrier to immune infiltration and function. A new study by Lutz et al has found that by ...
Study Identifies Two Proteins as Markers of Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Ovarian Cancer
A study by researchers from Danbury Hospital Biomedical Research Institute in Connecticut has found that patients with ovarian cancer who relapse shortly after neoadjuvant chemotherapy to shrink their tumor prior to surgery have high levels of expression of HGF and c-Met proteins. The...
Stage Migration and Dilution of Higher Stages With PET in Head and Neck Cancer in a Managed Care Setting
A study reported in JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery by VanderWalde and colleagues suggests that increasing use of positron emission tomography (PET) for diagnosis and staging of head and neck cancer has resulted in considerable stage migration characterized by dilution of higher stages...
Lung-MAP Launches: First Precision Medicine Trial From National Clinical Trials Network
A unique public-private collaboration among the National Cancer Institute (NCI), SWOG Cancer Research, Friends of Cancer Research, the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH), five pharmaceutical companies (Amgen, Genentech, Pfizer, AstraZeneca, and AstraZeneca’s global...
Phase III Trial of Adding Figitumumab to Chemotherapy in Advanced Nonadenocarcinoma NSCLC Stopped Early for Futility and Increased Harm
In the first phase III trial assessing the combination of an insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) inhibitor with chemotherapy as first-line treatment for advanced nonadenocarcinoma non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the addition of the fully human immunoglobulin G2 monoclonal...
FDA Approves Magnetic Resonance Contrast Agent for Evaluation of Breast Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved a new indication for gadobutrol (Gadavist) injection for intravenous use with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the breast to assess the presence and extent of malignant breast disease. The approval is based on priority review of two multicenter...
Survivors of Childhood Cancers Experience Frequent Hospitalizations Years After Cancer Treatment
Childhood and adolescent cancer survivors often face ongoing health problems that require frequent and long hospital stays many years after their cancer diagnosis and treatment, according to a new study by Kirchhoff et al published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. Survivors of...
Mammography Has Led to Fewer Late-Stage Breast Cancers, Study Finds
In the past 30 years, since mammography was introduced, late-stage breast cancer incidence has decreased by 37%, a new study published in Cancer has found. The analysis by Helvie et al took into account an observed underlying trend of increased breast cancer incidence present since the 1940s....
Study Identifies Genetic Variant Associated With Increased Risk of Invasive Lobular Breast Cancer
There may be significant genomic differences between patients with invasive lobular breast cancer and those with invasive ductal breast cancer, according to the results of a study presented by Sawyer et al in PLOS Genetics. This finding may lead to further insights into the biology of lobular...
ASCO 2014: Stopping Statins Is Safe and Can Improve Quality of Life for Patients With Cancer Near the End of Life
Stopping statin therapy is safe for patients with cancer who have a life expectancy of less than 1 year, according to a randomized study reported at the 2014 ASCO Annual Meeting in Chicago (Abstract LBA9514). Discontinuing statins did not shorten survival and provided a number of important...
ASCO 2014: Goserelin Helps Preserve Fertility Among Women Receiving Chemotherapy for Hormone Receptor–Negative Breast Cancer
Adding goserelin (Zoladex) to standard chemotherapy may be an effective method of preserving fertility among women with early-stage hormone receptor–negative breast cancer, according to findings from a federally funded phase III clinical trial. In the S0230/POEMS study, reported at the 2014...
ASCO 2014: Starting Palliative Care Support for Family Caregivers at the Time of Cancer Diagnosis Improves Quality of Life
Introducing a palliative care support program for caregivers of patients with advanced cancer at or near the time patients are diagnosed provides greater benefits than delayed palliative care services, according to results of the ENABLE III study reported at the 2014 ASCO Annual Meeting in Chicago...
Initial Treatment of Ductal Carcinoma in Situ May Affect Subsequent Treatment of Tumor Recurrences After Surgery
The use of radiotherapy for the index ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) may affect subsequent treatment of tumor recurrences and complications after breast-conserving surgery, reported Greenberg et al in the Annals of Surgical Oncology. Based on the results of this retrospective cohort study, the...
ASCO 2014: Women With Breast Cancer and Bone Metastasis Can Safely Scale Back Frequency of Zoledronic Acid Dosing
Findings from a phase III randomized study suggest that women with breast cancer and bone metastasis who have received at least nine doses of zoledronic acid over the previous year can safely scale back dosing from every 4 weeks to every 12 weeks without compromising the effectiveness of the...
ASCO 2014: Lower-Dose Radiation May Reduce Long-Term Side Effects Without Compromising Survival in Certain HPV-Positive Head and Neck Cancers
According to a phase II study, customizing radiation doses based on response to induction chemotherapy and other prognostic factors may allow lower doses of radiation therapy to be administered to some patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal cancer without compromising...
ASCO 2014: Ipilimumab/Nivolumab Combination Achieves Long-Term Survival for Patients With Advanced Melanoma
Concurrent treatment with ipilimumab (Yervoy) and nivolumab resulted in a 2-year survival rate of 79% for patients with advanced melanoma. “While this is a small trial, that is very impressive 2-year survival data,” noted Mario Sznol, MD, at a press briefing on progress in immunotherapy ...
ASCO 2014: Adjuvant Ipilimumab Significantly Improves Recurrence-Free Survival in Patients With High-Risk Stage III Melanoma
Adjuvant therapy with ipilimumab (Yervoy) for patients with high-risk stage III melanoma significantly improved recurrence-free survival, the primary endpoint of the phase III EORTC 18071/CA 184-029 study. Patients randomly assigned to receive ipilimumab had a 9-month absolute improvement in...
Smokers With BRCA2 Mutation Have Increased Risk of Developing Lung Cancer
Around a quarter of smokers who carry a mutation in the BRCA2 gene will develop lung cancer at some point in their lifetime, a large-scale, international study reveals. Scientists described a previously unknown link between lung cancer and a particular BRCA2 mutation, which occurs in around 2% of...
Adjuvant! Online Performs Poorly in Older Patients With Breast Cancer in Dutch Study
In a Dutch population-based study reported in The Lancet Oncology, de Glas et al found that the Adjuvant! Online prediction tool performed poorly in older patients with early-stage breast cancer, significantly overestimating or underestimating overall survival depending on comorbidity...
Ibrutinib Resistance Mutations Identified in CLL Patients
Ibrutinib is an irreversible inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase that was recently approved for treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients who have received at least one prior therapy. A small proportion of CLL patients have been observed to relapse during ibrutinib treatment, ...
ASCO 2014: Cediranib Plus Olaparib Significantly Increases Progression-Free Survival in Women With Recurrent Ovarian Cancer
The combination of two investigational oral drugs, the PARP inhibitor olaparib and the antiangiogenic drug cediranib, significantly extended progression-free survival and increased the overall response rate compared to olaparib alone in a phase II study among women with recurrent,...
