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Showing 15051 - 15100Modified Pancreatic Cancer Regimen Maintains Effectiveness While Reducing Side Effects and Cost
A simple change to a two-drug therapy for metastatic pancreatic cancer provides similar cancer control while significantly improving quality of life and reducing the cost of care, according to data reported by researchers at the The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur...
Almost Half of Women Taking Tamoxifen for Primary Prevention of Breast Cancer Discontinue Use Before 5 Years
After 4.5 years of taking tamoxifen for primary prevention of breast cancer, 46% of women discontinued use, according to research conducted within the Sister Study, a prospective cohort of women who had a sister who had been diagnosed with breast cancer but did not have breast cancer themselves....
Breast Cancer Diagnoses and Survival Outcomes Vary by Race/Ethnicity
Among nearly 375,000 U.S. women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer, the likelihood of diagnosis at an early stage, and survival after stage I diagnosis, varied by race and ethnicity, with much of the difference accounted for by biologic differences, according to a study reported by Iqbal et al...
Study Identifies Signaling Pathway Responsible for Generating Slowly Proliferating, Chemoresistant Cancer Cells
Although scientists know that all cancers contain a mixture of both rapidly and slowly proliferating cancer cells, which complicates the detection and treatment of patients with cancer and may cause disease relapse long after apparently curative treatment, the circumstances and molecular details of ...
Combining Newer, More Intensive First-Line Chemotherapy With Bevacizumab Improves Long-Term Outcome in Advanced Colorectal Cancer
Updated results from TRIBE, an Italian phase III study of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, indicate that FOLFOXIRI (leucovorin, fluorouracil [5-FU], oxaliplatin, irinotecan) chemotherapy in combination with bevacizumab (Avastin) is superior to the standard FOLFIRI (leucovorin, 5-FU,...
Use of Minimally Invasive Colorectal Cancer Surgery Increases at NCCN Centers, but Wide Variation Exists
A recent study on the use of minimally invasive surgery for colorectal cancer at National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) centers has found that although laparoscopic colectomy results in equivalent oncologic outcomes compared to open colectomy, its adoption nationally has been slow. An...
Second-Line Ramucirumab Added to Standard Chemotherapy Improves Survival in Patients With Advanced Colorectal Cancer
New findings from an international phase III study of 1,072 patients with advanced colorectal cancer whose disease progressed on or after initial therapy indicate that a combination of the targeted drug ramucirumab (Cyramza) and FOLFIRI (irinotecan, fluorouracil, leucovorin) chemotherapy provides a ...
Higher Vitamin D Levels Associated With Markedly Improved Survival in Patients With Advanced Colorectal Cancer
A prospective analysis of data from a phase III study of patients newly diagnosed with metastatic colorectal cancer indicates that patients with higher vitamin D levels have better outcomes after treatment with chemotherapy and targeted therapy. The median overall survival for patients with the...
Many Cancer Survivors Have Unmet Physical and Mental Needs Related to Their Disease and Its Treatment
Even decades after being cured, many cancer survivors face physical and mental challenges resulting from their disease and its treatment, according to a new study reported by Burg et al in Cancer. The findings could help clinicians and other experts develop interventions that are tailored to the...
Long-Term Follow-up Shows Favorable Overall Survival Rates With Concurrent Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Regimens in Rectal Cancer
Patients with locally advanced rectal cancer who receive neoadjuvant radiation therapy with either irinotecan plus capecitabine or oxaliplatin plus capecitabine have a 4-year overall survival rate of 85% and 75%, respectively, according to a study reported by Wong et al in the International Journal ...
Thoracic Radiotherapy Benefits Patients With Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer Who Responded to Chemotherapy
In a phase III trial reported in The Lancet, Slotman et al found that while thoracic radiotherapy vs no thoracic radiotherapy was not associated with a significant improvement in 1-year overall survival, the primary endpoint of the study, it significantly improved 2-year overall survival and...
ASCO Endorses ESMO Guideline on Hereditary Colorectal Cancer Syndromes
Approximately 5% to 6% of cases of colorectal cancer are associated with germline mutations conferring an inherited predisposition for disease. As reported by Stoffel et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, ASCO has endorsed, with qualifying statements, the European Society for Medical Oncology...
Oral Human Papillomavirus Infection More Likely to Persist in Older Men
Oral infection with human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16), which is the type of HPV most frequently linked to HPV-driven head and neck cancers, was more likely to persist 12 or more months in men older than 45 than in those younger than 45, according to a study reported by Pierce Campbell et al in...
New Cancer Diagnoses Associated With Increased Risk of Stroke
Patients with new cases of cancer face a heightened risk of stroke in the months immediately following their diagnoses, with that risk escalating with the aggressiveness of their disease, according to a new study from researchers at Weill Cornell Medical College and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer...
No Association of Aromatase Inhibitor–Related Musculoskeletal and Vasomotor Symptoms With Relapse-Free Survival in NCIC CTG MA.27 Analysis
Retrospective analyses of the ATAC, TEAM, and BIG 1-98 adjuvant endocrine therapy trials in breast cancer have suggested that treatment-emergent endocrine symptoms may be associated with superior survival outcomes. In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Stearns et al found no...
Management of Cancer Pain Has Improved but Remains Inadequate
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Greco et al updated a 2008 systematic review on cancer pain management. Improvements were seen between 2008 and 2013, but approximately one-third of patients still do not receive pain medication adequate for reported pain intensity. Changes...
Low-Level Laser Therapy May Reduce Limb Volume and Pain in Patients With Breast Cancer–Related Lymphedema
In a meta-analysis of patients with breast cancer–related lymphedema, low-level laser therapy was associated with reduced limb volume and pain levels, according to a report by Smoot et al in the Journal of Cancer Survivorship. However, the investigators noted that regarding pain management,...
More Than 1.5 Million Cancer Deaths Averted During 2 Decades of Dropping Mortality
The American Cancer Society’s annual cancer statistics report found that a 22% drop in cancer mortality over 2 decades led to the avoidance of more than 1.5 million cancer deaths that would have occurred if peak rates had persisted. And while cancer death rates have declined in every state,...
Diabetes Increases Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in All Racial/Ethnic Groups
In a study in the Multiethnic Cohort (composed of men and women from California and Hawaii) reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Setiawan et al found that diabetes was associated with increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in all racial/ethnic groups, with risk being...
Abstract ‘Spin’ Affects Interpretation of Trial Outcome
In the SPIIN study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Boutron et al found that spin in the abstract of an article reporting results of a randomized controlled trial in cancer increased clinician rating of the benefit of the experimental treatment in the trial. Study Details In the...
Scientists Discover the Role of Gene Mutations Involved in 75% of Glioblastomas and Melanomas
After initiating several biophysical computational studies, researchers have identified mutations that destabilize a DNA structure that turns a gene “off.” They found that these mutations occur at four specific sites in the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) promoter in over ...
Cancer Risk Associated With Lynch Syndrome PMS2 Mutation in European Cohort
The effects of PMS2 germline mutations are less well understood than those of other Lynch syndrome–associated mismatch repair gene mutations. In a European cohort study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, ten Broeke et al found that risks of colorectal cancer and endometrial cancer...
American Psychosocial Oncology Society Issues Call for 2015 Award Nominations
The American Pyschosocial Oncology Society (APOS) announced today that it is accepting nominations for its 2015 awards. The deadline for submitting nominations is December 31, 2014. These awards will be presented at the World Congress of Psycho-Oncology, to be held July 30 to August 1, 2015. For...
Bisphosphonates May Help Prevent Endometrial Cancer
A new analysis suggests that women who use bisphosphonates have about half the risk of developing endometrial cancer as women who do not use the drugs. The findings by Alford et al, published early online in Cancer, supports other research that has shown an anticancer effect of this type of...
FDA Approves Companion Diagnostic for the Detection of BRCA1/2 Mutations in Ovarian Cancer
Today’s approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of olaparib (Lynparza) occurred concurrently with that of a companion diagnostic, BRACAnalysis CDx. This genetic test is designed to detect the presence of mutations in the BRCA genes in blood samples from patients with ovarian...
Study Identifies Mechanism Behind Genetic Abnormality That Accelerates Growth of Ewing Sarcoma
The genetic abnormality that drives the bone cancer Ewing sarcoma operates through two distinct processes, both activating genes that stimulate tumor growth and suppressing those that should keep cancer from developing. The findings by Riggi et al, published in Cancer Cell, may lead to new...
Induction Chemoradiotherapy Followed by Resection May Benefit Some Patients With NSCLC of the Superior Sulcus
In a retrospective study of patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) of the superior sulcus, induction chemoradiotherapy followed by resection provided complete or partial response in over 50% of subjects, according to a report by Truntzer et al in Radiation Therapy. However, the...
Long Noncoding RNAs Are a Novel Prognostic Marker in Older Patients With Acute Leukemia
A new study led by researchers at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute (OSUCCC – James) describes a novel marker that might help doctors choose the least toxic, most effective treatment for many...
Higher Levels of Physical Activity Improve Survival Among Men With Prostate Cancer
Men with localized prostate cancer who walked or cycled for 20 minutes or more a day had a 30% decreased overall mortality and a 39% decreased prostate cancer–specific mortality compared with men who spent less time engaging in those activities, a large Swedish study has found. The study...
No Overall Survival Difference for Immediate vs Deferred Chemotherapy After Radical Cystectomy in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
In the phase III EORTC 30994 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Sternberg et al found no overall survival difference between immediate and delayed adjuvant chemotherapy after radical cystectomy in patients with muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Immediate treatment was...
SABCS 2014: BOLERO-3: Everolimus Plus Trastuzumab/Paclitaxel Misses the Mark in First-Line HER2 Advanced Breast Cancer
The addition of everolimus to weekly trastuzumab (Herceptin) plus paclitaxel did not improve outcomes in the phase III BOLERO-1/TRIO-019, but did provide a “signal” in the hormone receptor–negative subset. The study was reported at the 2014 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium by...
SABCS 2014: Fulvestrant Improves Survival Over Anastrozole for Patients With Advanced Breast Cancer
Among patients with advanced, hormone receptor–positive breast cancer who had not been treated previously for advanced disease, those who took fulvestrant (Faslodex) lived longer than those who took anastrozole, according to data from the phase II FIRST trial presented at the 2014 San Antonio ...
SABCS 2014: Oncotype DX DCIS Score Reliably Predicts Breast Cancer Recurrence in Patients With DCIS
Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), which accounts for 30% of all newly diagnosed breast cancer, is actually a precancerous lesion. A proportion of patients will have progression to invasive breast cancer, but up until recently, it has not been possible to identify which patients require further...
SABCS 2014: Lowering Dietary Fat Intake Reduces Death Rates in Some Women With Breast Cancer
Among early-stage breast cancer patients who reduced their dietary fat intake for 5 years following a diagnosis, after over 15 years follow-up, death rates from all causes were significantly reduced in those who had hormone-unrelated breast cancer, according to data from the Women’s...
SABCS 2014: IBIS-I Trial Finds Tamoxifen Lowered Breast Cancer Rates Among High-Risk Women
After a median of 16 years of following women at high risk for breast cancer, the International Breast Cancer Intervention Study-I (IBIS-I) trial found that tamoxifen significantly decreased the incidence of all breast cancers, according to data presented at the 2014 San Antonio Breast Cancer...
SABCS 2014: Adding Carboplatin to Neoadjuvant Therapy Increases Pathologic Complete Response Rates Across Subtypes in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Among women with triple-negative breast cancer, both basal-like and non–basal-like tumors were equally likely to demonstrate a pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, but they responded differently to exposure to carboplatin and bevacizumab (Avastin), in an analysis of the...
SABCS 2014: Breast Cancer in Men and Women Has Different Biologic Characteristics and Outcomes
Results from the largest series of male breast cancer cases ever studied showed that there was significant improvement in overall survival for male breast cancer patients over the duration of the study, but the improvement was not as good as has been seen for female breast cancer patients,...
FDA Approves Nine-Valent HPV Vaccine for Prevention of Certain Cancers Caused by Five Additional Types of HPV
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved recombinant nine-valent human papillomavirus vaccine (Gardasil 9) for the prevention of certain diseases caused by nine types of HPV. The nine-valent vaccine covers five more HPV types than the previously approved quadrivalent vaccine...
SABCS 2014: Pembrolizumab Holds Promise in Breast Cancer, Early Studies Suggest
Single-agent treatment with the immunotherapy drug pembrolizumab (Keytruda) produced a “signal of activity” and led to some durable response, in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer, Rita Nanda, MD, of the University of Chicago, reported at the 2014 San Antonio Breast...
SABCS 2014: PI3K Inhibition With Pictilisib in Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer Not Ready for Prime Time
Interest is high in studying the PI3K pathway in hormone receptor–positive breast cancer, but it is not clear which of the PI3K inhibitors under development—if any—will be a “home run.” Adding the pan-class I selective PI3K inhibitor pictilisib to fulvestrant...
ASH 2014: Common Genetic Variations May Contribute to Treatment-Related Cognitive Problems in Children With Leukemia
Common variations in four genes related to brain inflammation or cells′ response to damage from oxidation may contribute to the problems with memory, learning, and other cognitive functions seen in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), according to a study presented at the...
ASH 2014: High Hopes for AG-221 in Advanced Leukemia
Although the data are preliminary, single-agent AG-221 therapy targeted to the IDH2 mutation holds great promise as a nonchemotherapy approach for the treatment of advanced hematologic malignancies, including relapsed/refractory acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and untreated AML. The findings were...
ASH 2014: Pediatric Leukemia Treatment Regimens Lead to Improved Outcomes in Adolescents, Young Adults
Results from a large prospective study suggest that children and young adults with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) may respond better to a chemotherapy regimen pioneered in pediatric patients. The findings were presented at the 56th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting and...
ASH 2014: Blinatumomab Achieves Complete Molecular Responses in Majority of B-Cell Leukemia Patients
Results from the international phase II BLAST study show that one cycle of blinatumomab (Blincyto) immunotherapy achieved complete minimal residual disease response in 78% of patients with precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Complete minimal residual disease response was...
ASH 2014: HIV-Related Lymphoma Can Be Safely Treated With Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplant
Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related relapsed/refractory lymphoma can safely undergo autologous hematopoietic cell transplant, according to results of a phase II multicenter trial. At many centers, patients with HIV-related lymphoma are currently excluded from this potentially...
ASH 2014: Strong Showing for Anti-CD38 Monoclonal Antibodies in Myeloma
An investigational new class of drugs, the anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies, could be the next blockbuster agents in multiple myeloma, experts in this malignancy predicted at the 56th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting and Exposition. Anti-CD38 antibodies target multiple myeloma...
‘Wound Response’ of Cancer Stem Cells May Explain Chemoresistance in Bladder Cancer
A novel mechanism—similar to how normal tissue stem cells respond to wounding—might explain why bladder cancer stem cells actively contribute to chemoresistance after multiple cycles of chemotherapy drug treatment. Targeting this “wound response” of cancer stem cells can...
Approximately 4% of New Cancers Worldwide Attributed to High BMI
In a population-based study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Arnold et al estimated that 3.6% of all new cancers worldwide in 2012 were attributable to high body mass index (BMI). The proportions of such cases were greater in women than in men and in highly developed vs less-developed countries....
FDA Approves Ruxolitinib to Treat Patients With Polycythemia Vera
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved a new use for ruxolitinib (Jakafi) to treat patients with polycythemia vera, a chronic type of bone marrow disease. Ruxolitinib, a JAK inhibitor, is the first drug approved by the FDA for this condition. Polycythemia vera occurs when too...
Ixazomib Receives Breakthrough Therapy Designation for Relapsed or Refractory Systemic Light-Chain Amyloidosis
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Breakthrough Therapy status to Takeda Pharmaceuticals’ investigational, oral proteasome inhibitor, ixazomib (MLN9708), for the treatment of relapsed or refractory systemic light-chain amyloidosis. This is the first proteasome inhibitor...
