Search Results
Your search for 3 matches 15507 pages
Showing 14951 - 15000Abbreviated Screening MRI Protocol Is Highly Accurate in Breast Cancer Detection in Women at Increased Risk
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Kuhl et al assessed whether an abbreviated breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol, consisting of one pre- and one postcontrast acquisition and derived images—first postcontrast–subtracted (FAST) and maximum-intensity...
Multifaceted Intervention Improves Adherence to Annual Colorectal Cancer Screening in Primarily Latino Community Health Centers
Colorectal cancer screening rates are low among Latinos and people living in poverty. In a study reported in JAMA Internal Medicine, Baker et al found that a multifaceted intervention more than doubled adherence to screening with fecal occult blood testing in a largely Latino and uninsured...
Adding Rilotumumab to First-Line Chemotherapy May Benefit Patients With Advanced Gastric or Esophagogastric Junction Adenocarcinoma
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor MET have been found to promote the proliferation, migration, and survival of tumor cells and to play a role in gastric cancer. In a phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Iveson et al found evidence of benefit from adding the anti-HGF...
Excess Risk of Chronic Late Effects of Treatment in Children With Standard-Risk ALL
Given the changes in treatment of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the risk of late effects in those treated with current protocols may be different from that in children treated decades ago. In a study of survivors of childhood standard-risk ALL reported in The Lancet Oncology,...
Phase III Trial Shows Improved Survival With TAS-102 in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Refractory to Standard Therapies
The new combination agent TAS-102 can improve overall survival compared to placebo in patients whose metastatic colorectal cancer is refractory to standard therapies, researchers reported at the ESMO 16th World Congress on Gastrointestinal Cancer in Barcelona (Abstract O-0022). “Around 50%...
Telephone-Based Intervention Produces Weight Loss in Postmenopausal Women With Breast Cancer Receiving Letrozole
Obesity is associated with poorer outcome in women with operable breast cancer. In the LISA study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Goodwin et al found that a 24-month telephone-based intervention was effective in reducing body weight in postmenopausal breast cancer patients receiving...
Phase II Trial Shows Improved Progression-Free Survival but Greater Toxicity With Selumetinib vs Chemotherapy in Metastatic Uveal Melanoma
Oncogenic mutations in GNAQ and GNA11, resulting in MAPK pathway activation, are observed in > 80% of uveal melanomas. In a phase II trial reported in JAMA, Carvajal et al found that treatment with the MEK1/MEK2 inhibitor selumetinib significantly prolonged progression-free survival vs...
No Benefit of Adding Telomerase Peptide Vaccine to Chemotherapy in Patients With Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
In a UK phase III TeloVac trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Middleton et al found that the sequential or concurrent addition of the telomerase peptide vaccine GV1001 to gemcitabine/capecitabine did not improve survival in patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer. GV1001...
FDA Advisory Committee Votes Against Accelerated Approval for Olaparib in Ovarian Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Oncologic Drugs Advisory Committee (ODAC) voted 11 to 2 that current evidence from clinical studies does not support an accelerated approval for use of olaparib as a maintenance treatment for women with platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer who have...
No Disease-Free Survival Benefit of Adding Cetuximab to FOLFOX4 in KRAS Exon 2 Wild-Type Resected Stage III Colon Cancer
In an interim analysis of the European phase III PETACC-8 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Taieb et al found no disease-free survival or overall survival benefit with the addition of cetuximab (Erbitux) to standard adjuvant FOLFOX4 (oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, leucovorin) therapy in patients...
Event-Free Survival Benefit, Greater Toxicity of Augmented Postremission Therapy for Children/Young Adults With High-Risk Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
In a UK phase III trial (UKALL 2003) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Vora et al found that augmented postremission therapy provided an event-free survival benefit at the cost of increased toxicity in children and young adults with clinical standard- or intermediate-risk but minimal residual...
Phase III Trial Indicates That S-1 Monotherapy Should Remain Standard Treatment of Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer in Japan
The oral fluoropyrimidine S-1 is standard treatment for locally advanced gastric cancer in Japan. In a Japanese phase III trial (SAMIT) in locally advanced disease reported in The Lancet Oncology, Tsuburaya et al found that sequential paclitaxel plus tegafur and uracil or S-1 did not improve...
Daily Low-Dose Aspirin Use May Reduce Risk of Developing Pancreatic Cancer
Men and women who took low-dose aspirin regularly had a 48% reduction in their risk of developing pancreatic cancer, according to a new study. In addition, the longer a person started taking low-dose aspirin, the greater the benefit, ranging from 48% reduction in people who started 3 years before...
No Overall Survival Improvement but Some Palliative Benefit With Gefitinib vs Placebo in Esophageal Cancer Progressing After Chemotherapy
In what may be the first randomized trial of systemic therapy in this setting, Dutton and colleagues evaluated gefitinib (Iressa) vs placebo in patients with esophageal cancer progressing after chemotherapy. As reported in The Lancet Oncology, the COG trial showed no survival benefit with gefitinib ...
Adding Antiangiopoietin Agent Trebananib to Paclitaxel Improves Progression-Free Survival in Recurrent Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Trebananib inhibits angiogenesis by blocking the binding of angiopoietins 1 and 2 to the Tie2 receptor expressed on endothelial cells, a mechanism that differs from VEGF inhibitors and that involves a different signaling pathway. In the phase III TRINOVA-1 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology,...
Early Evidence Suggests Proton Therapy May Offer Safe, Long-Term Treatment for Hodgkin Lymphoma
Despite some success in treating patients with Hodgkin lymphoma, many patients may experience late effects of radiation therapy and chemotherapy treatment, including the possible onset of breast cancer or heart disease. A study by Hoppe et al from the University of Florida Proton Therapy Institute...
Racial Disparities in Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Women With Breast Cancer
A study by Black et al from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, found that the use of sentinel lymph node biopsy to stage early breast cancer increased in both black and white women from 2002 to 2007, but the rates remained lower in black than white patients, a disparity...
Diversity of Intestinal Tract Bacteria Associated With Mortality Outcomes After Stem Cell Transplant, Study Shows
New research published online in Blood suggests that the diversity of bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of patients receiving stem cell transplants may be an important predictor of their post-transplant survival. Potential Connections Previous studies have shown that the intensive treatment...
Glioma-Associated Antigen Peptide Vaccination Produces Antigen-Specific T-Cell Response and Clinical Activity in Children With High-Grade Gliomas
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Pollack et al found antigen-specific immune responses and evidence of clinical activity with glioma-associated antigen (GAA) peptide vaccination in children with newly diagnosed malignant brainstem and nonbrainstem gliomas. Study Details In ...
Combined Index Predicts Early Multiple Myeloma Progression-Related Death in Patients Receiving Front-Line Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation
In a European study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Moreau et al developed and validated a combined index for prognosis in patients with multiple myeloma treated with front-line autologous stem cell transplantation. The index, consisting of high lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level,...
Study Reveals Long-Term Benefits With Prone Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy and a Concurrent Boost in Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Prone accelerated intensity-modulated radiation therapy with a concomitant boost produced excellent local tumor control and cosmesis while sparing normal tissues in women with early-stage breast cancer, according to the 5-year study results reported by Osa et al in the International Journal of...
Priming Pancreatic Cancer Cells With a Vaccine May Allow Them to Respond to Immunotherapy
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is considered a “nonimmunogenic” neoplasm and does not typically respond to immunotherapy, in part due to a complex tumor microenvironment that provides a formidable barrier to immune infiltration and function. A new study by Lutz et al has found that by ...
Study Finds Anorectal Melanoma Is Diagnosed at Later Stages and Is Often Misdiagnosed
Anorectal melanoma is a rare malignant neoplasm that has a variable natural history and nonspecific presentation. A review by Hicks et al of 18 patients treated at Johns Hopkins Hospital between October 1991 and August 2012, finds that the cancer tends to be diagnosed at stage II or later and is...
Needle Biopsy Underused in the United States, Adversely Affecting Breast Cancer Treatment
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Eberth et al found that needle biopsy is underused in diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer, with a number of surgeon factors contributing to underuse. The study involved Medicare data from 89,712 patients with breast cancer seen between...
Phase III Trial of Adding Figitumumab to Chemotherapy in Advanced Nonadenocarcinoma NSCLC Stopped Early for Futility and Increased Harm
In the first phase III trial assessing the combination of an insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) inhibitor with chemotherapy as first-line treatment for advanced nonadenocarcinoma non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the addition of the fully human immunoglobulin G2 monoclonal...
Palliative Resection of Primary Tumor May Improve Survival in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Palliative resection of the primary tumor was associated with a statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in overall survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, according to the results of a study reported in the Annals of Surgical Oncology. Gresham et al noted...
NLST Analysis: Lung Screening–Detected Abnormalities Other Than Cancer Result in Smoking Cessation
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Tammemägi et al assessed smoking cessation rates among participants undergoing chest x-ray or computed tomography (CT) screening for lung cancer in the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST). Among patients without a subsequent ...
Mammography Has Led to Fewer Late-Stage Breast Cancers, Study Finds
In the past 30 years, since mammography was introduced, late-stage breast cancer incidence has decreased by 37%, a new study published in Cancer has found. The analysis by Helvie et al took into account an observed underlying trend of increased breast cancer incidence present since the 1940s....
Adding Lapatinib to Paclitaxel Does Not Improve Survival as Second-Line Therapy in Asian Patients With HER2-Positive Advanced Gastric Cancer
Weekly paclitaxel is used as second-line treatment in advanced gastric cancer, including HER2-positive disease, in Asian countries. In the phase III TyTAN trial in Asian patients reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Satoh et al assessed the addition of the anti-HER2 agent lapatinib...
Modeling Shows Digital vs Film Mammography Screening for Breast Cancer Produces Small Benefit at Increased Cost
A study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute by Stout et al suggests that the switch from film to digital mammography screening in the United States has produced a small health benefit at increased cost and with an increased false-positive rate. Biennial digital screening...
ASCO 2014: Stopping Statins Is Safe and Can Improve Quality of Life for Patients With Cancer Near the End of Life
Stopping statin therapy is safe for patients with cancer who have a life expectancy of less than 1 year, according to a randomized study reported at the 2014 ASCO Annual Meeting in Chicago (Abstract LBA9514). Discontinuing statins did not shorten survival and provided a number of important...
ASCO 2014: Enzalutamide Before Chemotherapy Prolongs Progression-Free and Overall Survival in Metastatic Prostate Cancer
The androgen receptor inhibitor enzalutamide (Xtandi) has been shown to prolong survival in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with progressive disease after chemotherapy. In the phase III PREVAIL trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Beer et al found that...
ASCO 2014: Women With Breast Cancer and Bone Metastasis Can Safely Scale Back Frequency of Zoledronic Acid Dosing
Findings from a phase III randomized study suggest that women with breast cancer and bone metastasis who have received at least nine doses of zoledronic acid over the previous year can safely scale back dosing from every 4 weeks to every 12 weeks without compromising the effectiveness of the...
ASCO 2014: Lower-Dose Radiation May Reduce Long-Term Side Effects Without Compromising Survival in Certain HPV-Positive Head and Neck Cancers
According to a phase II study, customizing radiation doses based on response to induction chemotherapy and other prognostic factors may allow lower doses of radiation therapy to be administered to some patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal cancer without compromising...
Greater Progression-Free Survival Benefit of Maintenance Olaparib in BRCA-Mutant Platinum-Sensitive Recurrent Serous Ovarian Cancer
A recently reported phase II trial indicated that maintenance therapy with the PARP inhibitor olaparib significantly improved progression-free survival vs placebo in patients with platinum-sensitive serous ovarian cancer. As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Ledermann et al, a preplanned...
First-Line Lenalidomide Plus Rituximab Is Safe and Effective in Older and Younger CLL Patients, Phase II Study Shows
The combination of lenalidomide (Revlimid) and rituximab (Rituxan) has shown synergistic activity in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) preclinical models. In a CLL Research Consortium phase II study of the combination in treatment-naive patients reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, James...
ASCO 2014: Ipilimumab/Nivolumab Combination Achieves Long-Term Survival for Patients With Advanced Melanoma
Concurrent treatment with ipilimumab (Yervoy) and nivolumab resulted in a 2-year survival rate of 79% for patients with advanced melanoma. “While this is a small trial, that is very impressive 2-year survival data,” noted Mario Sznol, MD, at a press briefing on progress in immunotherapy ...
Early Change in Chemotherapy Based on Elevated Circulating Tumor Cells Does Not Improve Outcome in Metastatic Breast Cancer
Elevated circulating tumor cells are associated with poor prognosis in metastatic breast cancer. In the phase III Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) S0500 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Smerage et al assessed whether changing chemotherapy after one cycle of first-line treatment in ...
ASCO 2014: Adjuvant Ipilimumab Significantly Improves Recurrence-Free Survival in Patients With High-Risk Stage III Melanoma
Adjuvant therapy with ipilimumab (Yervoy) for patients with high-risk stage III melanoma significantly improved recurrence-free survival, the primary endpoint of the phase III EORTC 18071/CA 184-029 study. Patients randomly assigned to receive ipilimumab had a 9-month absolute improvement in...
ASCO 2014: Cediranib Plus Olaparib Significantly Increases Progression-Free Survival in Women With Recurrent Ovarian Cancer
The combination of two investigational oral drugs, the PARP inhibitor olaparib and the antiangiogenic drug cediranib, significantly extended progression-free survival and increased the overall response rate compared to olaparib alone in a phase II study among women with recurrent,...
ASCO 2014: Lenvatinib Yields High Response Rates, Delays Progression in Patients With Radioiodine-Resistant Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
A phase III, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled study found that the oral targeted drug lenvatinib is highly effective among patients with differentiated thyroid cancer resistant to standard radioiodine therapy. “The main result is an extraordinary improvement in progression-free...
ASCO 2014: Adding Docetaxel to Androgen-Deprivation Therapy Significantly Improves Survival in Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer
The addition of docetaxel to androgen-deprivation therapy extended survival for men with newly diagnosed hormone-sensitive prostate cancer by more than 13 months in the National Cancer Institute–led phase III E3805 study. The survival benefit was even greater for men with high-volume disease. ...
ASCO 2014: Adjuvant Exemestane With Ovarian Function Suppression Better at Preventing Breast Cancer Recurrence Than Tamoxifen
A joint analysis of two phase III trials demonstrated that the aromatase inhibitor exemestane more effectively prevents breast cancer recurrences than tamoxifen when either was given with ovarian function suppression to premenopausal women with hormone-sensitive cancers. Exemestane plus ovarian...
ASCO 2014: Second-Line Treatment With Ramucirumab Plus Standard Docetaxel Extends Overall Survival in Advanced Lung Cancer
Patients with stage IV non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who relapsed after initial platinum-based therapy experienced extended overall survival with a combination of the antiangiogenic agent ramucirumab (Cyramza) and standard chemotherapy with docetaxel, compared to patients receiving...
ASCO 2014: Bortezomib Combination Significantly Improves Progression-Free Survival in Newly Diagnosed Mantle Cell Lymphoma
An international, randomized phase III study found that replacing vincristine with bortezomib (Velcade) in R-CHOP (rituximab [Rituxan] plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) significantly improved outcomes in newly diagnosed patients with mantle cell lymphoma who were...
Study Identifies Risk of Chemotherapy-Related Hospitalization for Early-Stage Breast Cancer Patients
Oncologists now have a new understanding of the toxicity levels of specific chemotherapy regimens used for women with early-stage breast cancer, according to research from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. The retrospective study, reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by...
Central Pancreatectomy for Low-Grade Neoplasms Results in 'Excellent' Pancreatic Function but Substantial Morbidity
The availability of cross-sectional imaging has resulted in increased diagnosis of low-grade pancreatic neoplasms and use of central pancreatectomy as an alternative to standard resection for such lesions. In a French single-center experience reported in JAMA Surgery, Goudard et al found that...
No Differences in Surgical Outcomes With Four Different Chemotherapy Regimens Plus Preoperative Radiotherapy in Rectal Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by O’Connell et al, the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) Trial R-04 is assessing four chemotherapy regimens given concurrently with preoperative radiotherapy in order to help identify optimal treatment in patients with ...
Korean Trial Shows Similar Disease-Free Survival With Laparoscopic vs Open Surgery in Mid- or Low-Rectal Cancer After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy
In the noninferiority COREAN trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Jeong et al found that laparoscopic surgery was associated with disease-free survival similar to that with open surgery for mid- or low-rectal cancer. Study Details In this open-label trial, 340 patients with cT3N0–2M0...
Physicians and Patients/Caregivers Frequently Disagree on Medicare Resource Allocations for Patients With Advanced Head and Neck Cancer
In a study reported in JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Rocke et al compared hypothetical resource allocation by otolaryngology–head and neck surgery physicians and patients with that by advanced cancer patients or their caregivers. They found significant differences in...
