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Showing 14551 - 14600Nilotinib Inferior to Imatinib in First-Line Treatment of Unresectable or Metastatic GIST
In the phase III ENESTg1 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Blay et al found that nilotinib (Tasigna) was associated with poorer progression-free survival vs imatinib (Gleevec) as first-line treatment in patients with unresectable or metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST). Trial...
Maintenance Capecitabine-Bevacizumab Prolongs Time to Second Progression in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer in Dutch Trial
In the phase III CAIRO3 trial reported in The Lancet, Simkens et al of the Dutch Colorectal Cancer Group found that maintenance capecitabine-bevacizumab (Avastin) prolonged the time to second progression vs observation in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. In this open-label trial, 558...
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Nivolumab Active in Heavily Pretreated Advanced NSCLC
In a phase I cohort expansion trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Gettinger et al found that monotherapy with the anti–programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) checkpoint inhibitor antibody nivolumab (Opdivo) produced durable responses and promising survival rates in patients...
UK Trial of PET-Directed Therapy Suggests That No Radiotherapy May Be an Option in PET-Negative Early-Stage Hodgkin Lymphoma
In a UK phase III RAPID trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Radford et al compared no further treatment vs involved-field radiotherapy in patients with early-stage Hodgkin lymphoma who had negative positron emission tomography (PET) findings after 3 cycles of doxorubicin,...
Anti–PD-1 Antibody Pembrolizumab Improves Progression-Free and Overall Survival vs Ipilimumab in Advanced Melanoma
In the phase III KEYNOTE-006 trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Robert et al found that the anti–PD-1 antibody pembrolizumab (Keytruda) increased progression-free and overall survival compared with ipilimumab in patients with advanced melanoma. Study Details In this...
Surgical Interventions for Terminal Cancer Patients Remain Prevalent
The number of surgeries performed on terminally ill cancer patients has not dropped in recent years, despite more attention to the importance of less invasive care for these patients to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life. But new research from the University of California, Davis, also...
Increased Lifetime Risk of Cardiovascular Disease for Patients Treated for Hodgkin Lymphoma as Adolescents or Adults
Survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma treated as adolescents or adults are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease throughout their lives, according to results of a retrospective cohort study of 2,524 Dutch patients followed for a median of 20 years. “Treating physicians and patients should be...
EGFR Inhibitor Rociletinib Active in EGFR T790M Mutation–Positive NSCLC Previously Treated With EGFR Inhibitors
In a phase I/II study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Sequist et al found that rociletinib—an EGFR inhibitor active in the presence and absence of the EGFR T790M mutation known to mediate resistance to available EGFR inhibitors—produced a high response rate in patients...
Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy as Safe as More Radical Procedures for Appropriate Patients
Mastectomies that preserve the nipple and an envelope of breast skin are as safe as more radical breast cancer operations for qualifying patient populations, according to one of the largest meta-analyses of studies involving women treated with this increasingly popular approach. Speaking at the...
Overnight Fasting May Reduce Breast Cancer Risk in Women
A decrease in the amount of time spent eating and an increase in overnight fasting reduces glucose levels and may reduce the risk of breast cancer among women. Researchers at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine reported these findings in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &...
Safety of Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation Without Hematopoietic Support in Jehovah’s Witnesses With Hematologic Malignancies
In a single-center study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Ford et al found that autologous stem cell transplantation can be safely performed without hematopoietic support in Jehovah’s Witnesses with hematologic malignancies. Jehovah’s Witnesses traditionally refuse...
American College of Physicians Releases Best Practice Advice for Cervical Cancer Screening in Average-Risk Women
The American College of Physicians (ACP) released its clinical advice for cervical cancer screening in asymptomatic, average-risk women 21 years or older. Women at average risk are defined as those with no history of a precancerous lesion (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or a more severe ...
Addition of Nivolumab to Ipilimumab Improves Response Rate and Progression-Free Survival in Previously Untreated Advanced Melanoma
In a phase II study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Postow et al found that dual checkpoint inhibitor therapy with the anti–CTLA-4 antibody ipilimumab (Yervoy) and the anti–PD-1 monoclonal antibody nivolumab (Opdivo) produced greater response rates and prolonged...
FDA Accepts Supplemental Biologics License Application for Nivolumab in Patients With Previously Untreated Advanced Melanoma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has accepted for filing and review Bristol-Myers Squibb’s supplemental Biologics License Application (sBLA) for nivolumab (Opdivo) for the treatment of previously untreated patients with unresectable or metastatic melanoma. The FDA also granted...
Subgroup of Elderly Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia May Benefit From Initial Intensive Induction Chemotherapy
Initial intensive induction chemotherapy may be of benefit in a subgroup of newly diagnosed elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), according to a study by Ross et al in Oncology Research. However, relapse rates remained high. Elderly patients with AML generally experience worse...
Conditional Survival Estimates After Resection for Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
In a study reported in JAMA Surgery, Spolverato et al derived 3-year conditional survival estimates for patients in a multi-institutional database who underwent liver resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Among all patients, actuarial overall survival was 16% at 8 years, whereas 3-year...
Phase II Study Shows Addition of Pazopanib to Paclitaxel Improves Progression-Free Survival in Platinum-Resistant/Refractory Advanced Ovarian Cancer
In an Italian randomized phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Pignata et al found that the addition of the antiangiogenic multikinase inhibitor pazopanib (Votrient) to weekly paclitaxel significantly improved progression-free survival in patients with platinum-resistant/refractory...
Addition of Ofatumumab to Chlorambucil Increases Progression-Free Survival in Previously Untreated CLL Patients Who Are Not Candidates for Fludarabine
In the phase III COMPLEMENT 1 trial reported in The Lancet, Hillmen et al found that the addition of the anti-CD20 antibody ofatumumab (Arzerra) to chlorambucil (Leukeran) increased progression-free survival among patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who were not considered candidates...
No Improvement in Undetectable PSA Rate With Cixutumumab Plus Androgen-Deprivation Therapy in Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer
In a randomized phase II trial (SWOG S0925) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Yu et al found that the addition of cixutumumab to androgen-deprivation therapy did not significantly increase the rate of undetectable prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in patients with newly diagnosed...
Addition of Ramucirumab to Second-Line FOLFIRI Improves Overall Survival in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
In the phase III RAISE trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Tabernero et al found that the addition of the antiangiogenic anti-VEGFR2 antibody ramucirumab (Cyramza) to second-line FOLFIRI (leucovorin, fluorouracil, irinotecan) improved overall survival in patients with metastatic colorectal...
Eligible for Breast-Conserving Therapy, Many Still Choose Mastectomy
No approved targeted therapies exist to treat triple-negative breast cancer, but new chemotherapeutic treatment strategies are helping shrink tumors so that less breast tissue needs to be removed during surgery. New research led by Brigham and Women's Hospital finds that breast-conserving therapy...
Afatinib Improves Progression-Free Survival vs Methotrexate in Platinum-Treated Recurrent or Metastatic Head and Neck Cancer
In the phase III LUX-Head & Neck 1 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Machiels et al found that afatinib (Gilotrif) improved progression-free survival vs methotrexate in patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck progressing after first-line platinum...
AACR 2015: Olaparib and Investigational PI3K Inhibitor BKM120 Combination Active Against Ovarian and Breast Cancer Subtypes
Combination treatment with the poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor olaparib (Lynparza) and the investigational phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor BKM120 was safe and yielded evidence of clinical benefit for women with triple-negative breast cancer and for those with high-grade...
AACR 2015: Combining Two Investigational Immunotherapy Drugs Safe, With Early Signs of Effectiveness
Combining the immunostimulatory anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody CP-870,893 with the immune checkpoint inhibitor tremelimumab was found to be safe, with clinical evidence of response in patients with advanced melanoma, according to phase I clinical trial data presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2015, ...
AACR 2015: Investigational PD-L1–Targeted Immunotherapy Safe for Patients With Triple-Negative Breast Cancer, Effective in Some
The investigational immunotherapy MPDL3280A was safe, tolerable, and showed early signs of durable clinical activity in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer, according to data from a first-in-human phase I clinical trial presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2015, held April 18 to...
Excessive All-Cause and Second Primary Malignancy-Related Mortality and Frequent Late Morbidity in Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients Treated During Adulthood
In a single-institution study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Matasar et al found that Hodgkin lymphoma patients treated during adulthood were at increased risk of all-cause and second primary malignancy mortality compared with SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and...
AACR 2015: Pembrolizumab Shows Promise in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
The immunotherapy pembrolizumab (Keytruda) was found to be safe and yielded durable responses in patients with advanced, non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Those with high levels of the protein PD-L1 in their tumors had better clinical outcomes, according to phase I KEYNOTE-001 clinical...
AACR 2015: Pembrolizumab Is Better Than Ipilimumab for Advanced Melanoma in Phase III Trial
In the first randomized trial to compare two U.S. Food and Drug Administration–approved immune checkpoint inhibitors as first-line therapy for patients with advanced melanoma, pembrolizumab (Keytruda) yielded significantly better treatment outcomes than ipilimumab (Yervoy) for all endpoints...
AACR 2015: New T Cell–Based Immunotherapy Shows Promise for Lethal Stem Cell Transplant Complication
More than 60% of patients with Epstein-Barr virus–associated lymphoproliferative disorder (EBV-LPD) that was nonresponsive to standard rituximab (Rituxan) treatment responded to a new type of immunotherapy called Epstein-Barr virus–specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (EBV-CTL) therapy....
Glembatumumab Vedotin Appears Active in Heavily Treated Advanced Glycoprotein NMB–Overexpressing Breast Cancer and Triple-Negative Disease
In the randomized phase II EMERGE study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Yardley et al found that the anti–glycoprotein NMB (gpNMB) antibody-drug conjugate glembatumumab vedotin may improve response rate over alternative chemotherapy in patients with advanced refractory breast...
Physical Activity Helps Cancer Survivors Fend Off Side Effects
Three or more hours of walking per week can boost the vitality and health of prostate cancer survivors. Men and women who have survived colorectal cancer and are regular walkers also reported lower sensations of burning, numbness, tingling, or loss of reflexes that many often experience after...
Ibrutinib Is Highly Active in Previously Treated Waldenström’s Macroglobulinemia
In a study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Treon et al found that ibrutinib (Imbruvica) was highly active and produced durable responses in patients with previously treated Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia. Response rates were highest in patients with MYD88 mutation and...
Similar Outcomes With Laparoscopic vs Open Resection in Rectal Cancer
In the COLOR II study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Bonjer et al found similar rates of locoregional recurrence and disease-free and overall survival with laparoscopic vs open resection of rectal cancer. Study Details In the trial, 1,044 patients from 30 sites in 8 countries in ...
No Survival Benefit of Vorinostat in Progressive Advanced Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
In the phase III VANTAGE-014 study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Krug et al found that treatment with the histone deacetylase inhibitor vorinostat (Zolinza) did not improve overall survival vs placebo in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma who had progressed on previous chemotherapy....
Patients With Relapsed or Refractory CLL Who Discontinue Ibrutinib Early Have Poor Outcomes
Most patients with relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who discontinued ibrutinib (Imbruvica) early “were difficult to treat and had poor outcomes,” according to a study of patients enrolled in four different clinical trials of ibrutinib, with or without rituximab...
Study Finds Link Between Muscle-Building Supplements and Testicular Cancer
Men who reported taking muscle-building supplements, such as pills and powders with creatine or androstenedione, reported a significantly higher likelihood of having developed testicular cancer than men who did not use such supplements, according to a study by Li et al in the British Journal of...
Platinum Monotherapy Particularly Active in BRCA1/2-Mutant Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
In the phase II TBCRC009 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Isakoff et al found that platinum monotherapy was active in treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer, particularly in cases with BRCA1/2 mutation, and that an assay of genomic instability characteristic of...
Increasing Number of Boys Vaccinated Against HPV Could Protect More People at the Same Price
Public health programs that devote a portion of their funding to encourage more boys to be vaccinated against human papillomavirus (HPV)—rather than merely attempting to raise coverage among girls—may ultimately protect more people for the same price, a study from Duke University...
Complete Regression of Metastatic Cervical Cancer Is Observed After Treatment With HPV-Targeted Tumor-Infiltrating T Cells
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Stevanovíc et al observed complete regression of metastatic cervical tumors in two patients following a single infusion of human papillomavirus (HPV)-targeted tumor-infiltrating T cells. In the protocol, nine patients with metastatic cervical ...
Durable Responses With Nivolumab in Previously Treated Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
In a phase I cohort-expansion study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, McDermott et al found that nivolumab (Opdivo) produced durable responses in patients with previously treated advanced renal cell carcinoma. Responses continued after nivolumab discontinuation in some patients. Study...
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy Plus Cetuximab Appears Safe, Effective in Previously Irradiated Recurrent Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
In patients with previously irradiated recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, the combination of stereotactic body radiation therapy plus cetuximab (Erbitux) appears to be safe and effective, according to a study by Vargo et al in the International Journal of Radiation Oncology...
Worse Outcomes With Lapatinib vs Trastuzumab Plus Taxane in Advanced HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
In the phase III National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group (NCIC CTG) MA.31 trial, first-line treatment with lapatinib (Tykerb) vs trastuzumab (Herceptin) combined with a taxane was associated with poorer progression-free survival and greater toxicity in patients with advanced...
One in Five Medicare Patients With Melanoma Experience Surgical Delays
A large retrospective cohort study of more than 32,000 Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed with melanoma has found that one in five patients experience a delay of surgery that is longer than 1.5 months. Those patients undergoing biopsy and surgery by dermatologists had the lowest risk for delay, which ...
Adjuvant Ipilimumab Increases Recurrence-Free Survival vs Placebo After Complete Resection of High-Risk Stage III Melanoma
In the phase III EORTC 18071 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Eggermont et al found that adjuvant ipilimumab (Yervoy) significantly improved recurrence-free survival vs placebo in patients with completely resected stage III melanoma at high risk of disease recurrence. Ipilimumab was...
FDA Grants Breakthrough Therapy Designation to Rucaparib in Advanced Ovarian Cancer With BRCA Mutations
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Breakthrough Therapy designation to Clovis Oncology’s investigational agent rucaparib as monotherapy treatment of advanced ovarian cancer in patients who have received at least two lines of prior platinum-containing therapy, with...
Persistence of HER2-Specific CAR T Cells in HER2‑Positive Sarcoma
In a phase I/II study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Ahmed et al found that infusion of T cells expressing HER2-specific chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) with a CD28.ζ signaling domain (HER2-CAR T cells) could produce persistent CAR T cell levels for ≥ 6 weeks in patients with...
Five-Year Analysis Indicates Potential for Long‑Term Survival With Ipilimumab Plus Dacarbazine in Advanced Melanoma
In an analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Maio et al found a 5-year survival rate of 18% among treatment-naive patients receiving ipilimumab (Yervoy) plus dacarbazine in a phase III trial. The findings support other data indicating long-term survival in some patients receiving...
Erythropoietin Plus Radiation Therapy Does Not Improve Local-Regional Control in Anemic Patients With Head and Neck Cancer
Long-term analysis of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 9903 demonstrates that the addition of erythropoietin did not improve local-regional control for anemic patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma who receive radiation therapy or chemoradiation, according to a study published...
Improved Progression-Free Survival With Brentuximab Vedotin Consolidation After Transplantation in Hodgkin Lymphoma
In the phase III AETHERA trial reported in The Lancet, Moskowitz et al found that brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris) consolidation therapy after autologous stem cell transplantation prolonged progression-free survival by 18 months vs placebo in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma at risk for relapse or...
Nocturnal Cortisol Levels May Provide a Noninvasive Biomarker of Ovarian Cancer Severity
Elevated nocturnal cortisol levels prior to surgery in patients with ovarian cancer were associated with shorter survival time, according to a study by Schrepf et al in Psychoneuroendocrinology. Thus, night-time cortisol levels may prove to be a noninvasive biomarker of ovarian cancer disease...
