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prostate cancer

Addition of Ipatasertib to Abiraterone Plus Prednisolone Improves Radiographic Progression–Free Survival in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer With PTEN Loss

In a phase III trial (IPATential150) reported in The Lancet, Christopher Sweeney, MD, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and colleagues, found that the addition of the AKT inhibitor ipatasertib to abiraterone and prednisolone produced a significant improvement in radiographic progression-free...

prostate cancer

Maintained Benefit of Apalutamide Plus Androgen-Deprivation Therapy Shown in Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer

As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Kim N. Chi, MD, of BC Cancer and Vancouver Prostate Centre, and colleagues, the final overall survival analysis of the phase III TITAN trial showed significant benefit of apalutamide plus androgen-deprivation therapy vs placebo plus...

prostate cancer

Factors Contributing to Racial Disparities in the Use of Prostate MRI in Older Patients With Prostate Cancer

In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Michael S. Leapman, MD, and colleagues found that sociodemographic factors (like geographic area of residence) as well as manifestations of structural racism (like poverty and racial segregation) accounted for the majority of differences in the use of magnetic...

issues in oncology

Importing Oncology Trials From China, or Other Single Foreign Countries, for Consideration of U.S. Regulatory Approvals

In a commentary published recently in The Lancet Oncology,1 Harpreet Singh, MD, and Richard Pazdur, MD, both of the Oncology Center of Excellence at the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), warned against the increasing number of oncology drug development programs based wholly or predominantly...

Expert Point of View: Matthew J. Ellis, MB, BChir, PhD, FACP

The final results of the phase III PALLAS trial1 are “deeply disappointing,” said session moderator Matthew J. Ellis, MB, BChir, PhD, FACP, Professor of Medicine and Director of the Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center at Baylor College of Medicine. The results of the final primary analysis of...

leukemia

First-Line Blinatumomab and POMP Maintenance in Older Patients With Philadelphia Chromosome–Negative B-Cell ALL

In the phase II SWOG 1318 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Advani et al found that blinatumomab induction and consolidation followed by maintenance with POMP (prednisone, vincristine, mercaptopurine, and methotrexate) produced good outcomes in patients aged ≥ 65 years with newly...

gynecologic cancers
symptom management

Web-Based Intervention to Manage Symptoms and Quality of Life in Women With Recurrent Ovarian Cancer

In an NRG Oncology/GOG study (GOG-0259) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Donovan et al found that both nurse-led (Nurse-WRITE) and self-directed (SD-WRITE) Web-based symptom self-management interventions (WRITE Symptoms) improved symptom control vs enhanced usual care alone in women...

gynecologic cancers
immunotherapy

Cemiplimab-rwlc vs Single-Agent Chemotherapy in Recurrent Cervical Cancer After First-Line Platinum-Based Chemotherapy

As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Krishnansu S. Tewari, MD, and colleagues, the phase III EMPOWER-Cervical1/GOG-3016/ENGOT-cx9 trial has shown improved overall survival with cemiplimab-rwlc vs investigator’s choice of single-agent chemotherapy in patients with cervical cancer...

issues in oncology
lung cancer

Importing Oncology Trials From China, or Other Single Foreign Countries, for Consideration of U.S. Regulatory Approvals

In a commentary published in The Lancet Oncology, Harpreet Singh, MD, and Richard Pazdur, MD, both of the Oncology Center of Excellence at the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), warned against the increasing number of oncology drug development programs based wholly or predominantly on data...

breast cancer

PALLAS Trial: No Invasive Disease–Free Survival Benefit With Addition of Adjuvant Palbociclib to Endocrine Therapy in Early Breast Cancer

As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Michael Gnant, MD, of the Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, and colleagues, the final analysis of the phase III PALLAS trial has shown no invasive disease–free survival benefit with the addition of adjuvant palbociclib to...

breast cancer
immunotherapy

Use of Autologous Metastasis Mutation–Reactive TILs in Metastatic Breast Cancer

In a National Institutes of Health study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Zacharakis et al found that treatment with autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) reactive to mutations in metastatic lesions produced responses in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Study Details...

leukemia

Matthew S. Davids, MD, on Younger Patients With CLL: Ibrutinib Plus Fludarabine, Cyclophosphamide, and Rituximab as Initial Therapy

Matthew S. Davids, MD, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, discusses phase II results from a multicenter study that showed the efficacy of ibrutinib plus fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab in younger, fit patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia who desire the possibility of a functional...

skin cancer
immunotherapy

Metastatic Melanoma: Improved Overall Survival Reported With Immunotherapy Infusions Given Earlier in the Day

In a single-institution study reported in The Lancet Oncology, David C. Qian, MD, PhD, and Zachary S. Buchwald, MD, PhD, of Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, and colleagues found that patients with metastatic melanoma who received at least 20% of immune checkpoint inhibitor...

colorectal cancer

Addition of Diet and Lifestyle Factors to Recurrence and Mortality Prediction Models for Patients With Stage III Colon Cancer

In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Cheng et al found that the addition of patient-reported diet and lifestyle factors to prediction models based on clinical and pathologic characteristics improved predictions of disease recurrence and mortality among patients with stage III...

gastroesophageal cancer
gastrointestinal cancer
immunotherapy

Addition of Nivolumab to Oxaliplatin-Based Chemotherapy for HER2-Negative, Unresectable, Advanced or Recurrent Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer

In an Asian phase II/III trial (ATTRACTION-4) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Yoon-Koo Kang, MD, and colleagues found that the addition of nivolumab to oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy improved progression-free survival—but not overall survival—as first-line treatment of HER2-negative, unresectable, ...

breast cancer

Expert Point of View: Matthew J. Ellis, MB, BChir, PhD, FACP

The final results of the phase III PALLAS trial1 are “deeply disappointing,” said session moderator Matthew J. Ellis, MB, BChir, PhD, FACP, Professor of Medicine and Director of the Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center at Baylor College of Medicine. The results of the final primary analysis of PALLAS ...

lung cancer

Addition of First-Line Veliparib to Chemotherapy in Advanced Squamous Cell NSCLC: No Survival Benefit in Current Smokers, but Potential Benefit Among Biomarker-Selected Patients

In a phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Suresh S. Ramalingam, MD, of Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, and colleagues found that the addition of the PARP inhibitor veliparib to platinum-based chemotherapy did not improve overall survival in...

leukemia

Ibrutinib Plus Fludarabine, Cyclophosphamide, and Rituximab for Younger Patients With CLL

A study presented by Matthew S. Davids, MD, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and colleagues at the 2021 American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting & Exposition (Abstract 640) suggests that a 2.5-year regimen involving ibrutinib and chemoimmunotherapy may provide deep and lasting...

integrative oncology

Society for Integrative Oncology Focuses on the Science of Living Well With Cancer

Guest Editor’s Note: With the easing of some COVID-19 restrictions, the Society for Integrative Oncology (SIO) held its 2021 international conference in a hybrid format. It focused on the science of living well with cancer, challenges in designing integrative oncology research, and the role of...

skin cancer
immunotherapy

Impact of Time of Day of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Infusion on Overall Survival in Patients With Metastatic Melanoma

In a single-institution study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Qian et al found that the administration of immune checkpoint inhibitors after 4:30 PM was associated with poorer overall survival vs infusion earlier in the day in patients with metastatic melanoma. As stated by the investigators, “The ...

prostate cancer

Addition of Ipatasertib to Abiraterone Plus Prednisolone Improves Radiographic Progression–Free Survival in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer With PTEN Loss

In a phase III trial (IPATential150) reported in The Lancet, Christopher Sweeney, MD, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and colleagues, found that the addition of the AKT inhibitor ipatasertib to abiraterone and prednisolone produced a significant improvement in radiographic progression-free...

solid tumors
immunotherapy

Evorpacept Alone and Combined With Pembrolizumab or Trastuzumab for Advanced Solid Tumors

In the phase I ASPEN-01 study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Nehal Lakhani, MD, and colleagues found evidence of activity of the CD47-blocking protein evorpacept in combination with pembrolizumab or trastuzumab for the treatment of advanced solid tumors. As stated by the investigators, “Both...

prostate cancer

Changes in PSA Screening After 2017 USPSTF Guidance Revision

In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Michael S. Leapman, MD, and colleagues found that prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening for prostate cancer has increased since the 2017 publication of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) draft guidance endorsing individual decision-making for...

covid-19

Immunogenicity of SARS–CoV-2 Vaccines in Patients With Cancer

In a single-institution prospective cohort study (CANVAX Cohort Study) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Naranbhai and colleagues assessed the immunogenicity of SARS–CoV-2 vaccines in patients with cancer. They found that immunogenicity varied among vaccines and that both antibody...

prostate cancer
genomics/genetics

First-Round Results of Prostate Cancer Screening for Men With Pathogenic Variants in Mismatch Repair Genes

As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Bancroft et al, the first round of prostate cancer screening in the IMPACT study of men with pathogenic variants in mismatch repair genes showed an increased risk of prostate cancer in carriers of MSH2 and MSH6 variants compared with noncarrier controls. As...

genomics/genetics

Characteristics of Genomically Targeted Single-Patient Use Requests for Pediatric Cancers

In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Sabnis et al analyzed characteristics of genomically targeted single-patient use requests for investigational agents for the treatment of pediatric cancers. These requests were made from pediatric cancer programs over a 5-year period. As...

thyroid cancer

Cabozantinib Prolongs Progression-Free Survival in Previously Treated Radioiodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Marcia S. Brose, MD, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, and colleagues, the phase III COSMIC-311 trial has shown that cabozantinib produced a numerically higher objective response rate and significantly prolonged progression-free survival vs...

solid tumors
hematologic malignancies
covid-19

Antibody Response to COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients With Hematologic or Solid Cancers

In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Mair et al found that antibody response to COVID-19 vaccination was poorer in patients with hematologic or solid malignancies compared with health-care workers. The investigators also identified factors associated with poorer antibody response among patients....

head and neck cancer
cns cancers

Factors Associated With Risk of Hearing Loss in Pediatric Patients Receiving Radiation and Chemotherapy

In a single-institution cohort study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Keilty et al identified factors associated with an increased risk of hearing loss in pediatric patients receiving radiation therapy and chemotherapy for central nervous system and head and neck tumors. The study...

colorectal cancer
genomics/genetics

Adavosertib for Patients With TP53- and RAS-Mutant Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Seligmann et al, the phase II FOCUS4-C trial has shown activity of the WEE1 kinase inhibitor adavosertib in patients with TP53- and RAS-mutant metastatic colorectal cancer with disease control after first-line chemotherapy. As state by the...

leukemia

First-Line Acalabrutinib, Venetoclax, and Obinutuzumab for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

In a phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Matthew S. Davids, MD, and colleagues found that first-line triple combination therapy with acalabrutinib, venetoclax, and obinutuzumab produced measurable residual disease (MRD)-negative complete remission in a substantial proportion of patients ...

gynecologic cancers
genomics/genetics

High Prevalence of Germline BRCA Mutations in Indian Women With Ovarian Cancer

In a prospective cross-sectional study reported in JCO Global Oncology, Sudeep Gupta, MBBS, MD, DM, of Tata Memorial Centre, and colleagues found that Indian women with ovarian cancer not selected for study based on clinical factors had a high prevalence of germline pathogenic or likely pathogenic...

prostate cancer

Maintained Benefit of Apalutamide Plus Androgen-Deprivation Therapy Shown in Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer

As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Kim N. Chi, MD, of BC Cancer and Vancouver Prostate Centre, and colleagues, the final overall survival analysis of the phase III TITAN trial showed significant benefit of apalutamide plus androgen-deprivation therapy vs placebo plus...

prostate cancer

Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training on Biochemical Progression in Patients With Localized Prostate Cancer Under Active Surveillance

In a Canadian single-institution phase II study (ERASE) reported in JAMA Oncology, Kang et al found that increased exercise in the form of high-intensity interval training was associated with increased cardiorespiratory fitness and reductions in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, PSA velocity,...

cost of care

Pharmacy Strategy to Decrease Patient Copayments for High-Cost Cancer Drugs Through Financial Assistance Applications

In an observational retrospective study reported in JCO Oncology Practice, Seymour et al describe a strategy used by Karmanos Specialty Pharmacy (KSP) to successfully decrease patient copayments for high-cost cancer drugs. Study Details The study involved data from the KSP claims data set, accessed ...

lung cancer

First-Line Veliparib Plus Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in Current Smokers With Advanced Squamous Cell NSCLC

In a phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Suresh S. Ramalingam, MD, and colleagues found that the addition of the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor veliparib to platinum-based chemotherapy did not improve overall survival in current smokers with previously untreated...

prostate cancer
genomics/genetics

Talazoparib in Patients With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer and DNA Repair Gene Alterations

In the phase II TALAPRO-1 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Johann S. de Bono, PhD, and colleagues found that monotherapy with the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor talazoparib produced durable responses in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and DNA...

gastroesophageal cancer

S-1 Chemoradiation vs Radiotherapy Alone in Patients Aged 70 to 85 With Esophageal Cancer

In a Chinese phase III trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Ji et al found that concurrent chemoradiation with S-1 was associated with improved overall survival and acceptable toxicity vs radiotherapy alone in older patients with esophageal cancer.   As stated by the investigators, “Most older patients ...

hepatobiliary cancer
immunotherapy

Tremelimumab, Durvalumab, or Both in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma

In a randomized expansion phase of a phase I/II study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Robin Kate Kelley, MD, and colleagues found that a novel regimen consisting of a single priming dose of tremelimumab in combination with durvalumab was associated with good outcomes in patients with...

issues in oncology

Association of Baseline Fatigue With Survival and Adverse Events in Patients With Advanced Cancer

In an analysis of four SWOG clinical trials of patients with advanced cancer reported in JCO Oncology Practice, Mo et al found that clinically significant fatigue at baseline was associated with poorer survival and increased risk of severe adverse events. Study Details The analysis included data...

gastrointestinal cancer
gastroesophageal cancer

Perioperative or Postoperative Oxaliplatin/S-1 vs Postoperative Oxaliplatin/Capecitabine for Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer

In the Chinese phase III RESOLVE trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Zhang et al found that perioperative S-1/oxaliplatin was superior to—and adjuvant S-1/oxaliplatin was noninferior to—adjuvant capecitabine/oxaliplatin in terms of disease-free survival in patients undergoing D2 gastrectomy for...

palliative care
pain management

Trends in Opioid Prescriptions Among Patients With Cancer Near the End of Life

In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Enzinger et al found that the prescription of opioids for cancer pain dropped markedly in the recent past among patients with poor-prognosis disease near the end of life, with the frequency of pain-related emergency department visits...

gynecologic cancers

Addition of Adavosertib to Gemcitabine Improves Outcomes in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer

In a phase II trial reported in The Lancet, Stephanie Lheureux, MD, of Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, and colleagues, found that the addition of the oral Wee1 inhibitor adavosertib to gemcitabine significantly improved progression-free and overall survival in...

prostate cancer

Addition of AKT Inhibitor Ipatasertib to Abiraterone/Prednisolone in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer With PTEN Loss

In the phase III IPATential150 trial reported in The Lancet, Christopher Sweeney, MD, and colleagues found that the addition of the AKT inhibitor ipatasertib to abiraterone and prednisolone produced a significant improvement in progression-free survival among patients with metastatic...

lung cancer

Does the Presence of Neuronal Autoantibodies Contribute to Cognitive Impairment in Patients With Lung Cancer?

In a German prospective cross-sectional study reported in JAMA Oncology, Bartels et al found that a high proportion of patients with lung cancer had neuronal antibodies that may be associated with increased risk of cognitive impairment. As stated by the investigators, “Paraneoplastic neurological...

thyroid cancer

Cabozantinib in Previously Treated, Radioiodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: COSMIC-311

As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Marcia S. Brose, MD, and colleagues, the phase III COSMIC-311 trial has shown that cabozantinib produced a numerically higher objective response rate and significantly prolonged progression-free survival vs placebo in patients with previously treated,...

hematologic malignancies

Risk of Atrial Fibrillation After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation and Association With Poor Outcomes

In a single-institution study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Ellen K. Chang, MD, of the Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, and colleagues found that atrial fibrillation occurs in a substantial proportion of patients who have undergone allogeneic...

breast cancer
genomics/genetics

Disease Risk Associated With Protein-Truncating and Rare Missense Variants in Breast Cancer Risk Genes

In a study reported in TheNew England Journal of Medicine, Leila Dorling, PhD, of the Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Departments of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom, and colleagues in the international Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC),...

cns cancers

Oncolytic Adenovirus for Malignant Glioma: Feasibility and Safety

In a first-in-human phase I trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Fares et al found that neural stem cell delivery of an oncolytic adenovirus (NSC-CRAd-S-pk7) was safe and feasible in patients with newly diagnosed malignant glioma, with immunologic and histopathologic findings supporting continued ...

gastrointestinal cancer

Addition of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy to Surgery and Adjuvant S-1 in Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer

In the Korean phase III PRODIGY trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Yoon-Koo Kang, MD, and colleagues found that the addition of neoadjuvant docetaxel, oxaliplatin, and S-1 (DOS) to D2 gastrectomy followed by adjuvant S-1 was associated with improved progression-free survival in...

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