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Showing 801 - 850AACR 2025: Use of ctDNA-Based Liquid Biopsy Assay in Resectable Colorectal Cancer
Interim results from the VICTORI study showed that an ultrasensitive circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA)-based liquid biopsy assay was effective in detecting signs of cancer recurrence prior to imaging and provided prognostic value within 1 month after surgery in patients with colorectal cancer. The...
AACR 2025: Nonoperative Management of Mismatch Repair–Deficient Tumors
PD-1 blockade with the PD-1 inhibitor dostarlimab-gxly induced complete tumor clearance and resolved the need for surgery in patients with locally advanced, mismatch repair–deficient (dMMR) cancers, according to preliminary results from a phase II trial presented at the 2025 American Association...
Omission of Endocrine Therapy in Estrogen Receptor–Low, Early-Stage Breast Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Choong et al found that omission of endocrine therapy in patients with estrogen receptor–low (1%–10% on immunohistochemistry), early-stage breast cancer was not associated with improved survival outcomes. The study used National Cancer...
FDA Approves Anti–PD-1 Antibody for Nasopharyngeal Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the humanized IgG1 monoclonal anti–PD-1 antibody penpulimab-kcqx with cisplatin or carboplatin and gemcitabine for the first-line treatment of adults with recurrent or metastatic nonkeratinizing nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The FDA also...
Raising Awareness of Inflammatory Breast Cancer
In late January 2013, while playing with my young son, I noticed my left breast seemed slightly larger than my right breast. Although, at the time, I had no idea this type of swelling is a hallmark of inflammatory breast cancer, a rare and aggressive disease, I immediately made an appointment with...
Combination Immunotherapy Approved for Unresectable or Metastatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma
On April 11, 2025, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved nivolumab (Opdivo) with ipilimumab (Yervoy) for the first-line treatment of adults with unresectable or metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma. (See here for details on approval of this combination immunotherapy for colorectal...
Cabozantinib Approved for Treatment of Neuroendocrine Tumors
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently approved the tyrosine kinase inhibitor cabozantinib (Cabometyx) for adult and pediatric patients aged 12 years and older with previously treated, unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic, well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors...
Use of Investigational Tool to Detect Advanced-Stage Invasive Cervical Cancer
At the 2025 Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer, Kersten Rothnie, MBBS, a gynecologic oncology fellow at Northwell Health in New York City, shared study findings on an investigational tool on behalf of her colleagues.1 These results suggested the presence of...
Managing Dermatologic Reactions to Combination Therapy for Patients With EGFR-Mutated NSCLC
Nicolas Girard, MD, a thoracic oncologist at the Institut Curie, Paris, presented the results of an interim analysis of the open-label phase II COCOON study, at the European Lung Cancer Congress (ELCC) 2025.1 A readily available preventive regimen (the COCOON regimen) reduced moderate-to-severe...
Several Trials Show Clinical Activity With Osimertinib in Advanced EGFR-Mutant Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Updates from several clinical trials of the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor osimertinib across stages and settings of EGFR-mutated non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were presented at the European Lung Cancer Congress (ELCC) 2025. The updated results from the phase III LAURA trial were presented by ...
Polygenic Risk Score for Prostate Cancer Screening
In a U.K. study (BARCODE1) reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, McHugh et al found that screening for prostate cancer with a polygenic risk score was more accurate in diagnosis than screening with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Study Details In...
Benefits of Walnut Consumption: Curbing Inflammation, Colorectal Cancer Risk
Researchers have uncovered that eating walnuts may improve systemic inflammation and reduce the risk for colorectal cancer, according to a recent study published by Moussa et al in Cancer Prevention Research. Background Ellagitannins—plant-derived polyphenol compounds found in walnuts—have been...
Extended Follow-up of Belzutifan Treatment for von Hippel–Lindau Disease–Associated Renal Cell Carcinoma
In extended follow-up of the phase II LITESPARK-004 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Srinivasan et al found that use of the hypoxia-inducible factor-2α inhibitor belzutifan was associated with maintained benefit in patients with von Hippel–Lindau disease–associated renal cell carcinoma. The...
Medicare Claim Denials for Cancer-Related NGS Testing Show Uncertainty of Coverage
More than 20% of cancer-related claims for next-generation sequencing (NGS) from Medicare beneficiaries were denied between 2016 and 2021. Findings from a cohort study published in JAMA Network Open suggested that there is continued uncertainty about the boundaries of coverage for NGS, even with...
Detecting Invasive Nodules Could Be Key to Preventing Unnecessary Pancreatic Cancer Surgery
Some pancreatic cysts may be benign, whereas others have the potential to develop into pancreatic cancer. A recent Japanese study followed 257 patients for an average of 5 years and evaluated the presence or absence of invasive nodules in pancreatic cysts and whether these cysts are benign or...
Insights From Annual Report on Cancer Statistics
Overall deaths from cancer over the past 2 decades have steadily declined in both men and women in the United States, according to the 2024 Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer, published today by Sherman et al in Cancer. The report also found that although the incidence of cancer...
Patient Support Found for AI Use as Second Reader of Mammograms
A survey study has shown cautious patient support for the use of artificial intelligence (AI) as a second reader in screening mammograms, according to results published in Radiology: Imaging Center. The study authors sought to determine the sentiments of patients regarding AI use in mammogram...
Activity of ROS1 TKI in NSCLC
In a pooled analysis of the phase II TRUST-I and TRUST-II trials reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Pérol et al found that the oral, potent, CNS-active, selective, next-generation ROS1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) taletrectinib was highly active in ROS1-positive advanced or metastatic ...
Metabolic Syndrome May Increase Risk of Cancer Recurrence, Subsequent Mortality Among Breast Cancer Survivors
Breast cancer survivors with metabolic syndrome may have an elevated likelihood of breast cancer recurrence and subsequent breast cancer–related mortality, according to new findings to be presented by Harborg et al at the European Congress on Obesity (ECO) 2025, taking place between May 11 and 14...
How Does Medicaid Expansion Affect Access to Care in Patients With NSCLC?
A recent study published by Hooda et al in The Annals of Thoracic Surgery suggests that Medicaid expansion under the Affordable Care Act has significantly improved access to timely treatment and high-volume hospitals for patients with early-stage non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). These findings...
Dual Use of Cigarettes and E-Cigarettes on Par With Sole Cigarette Use in Terms of Toxic Exposure
Individuals who reported exclusive use of combustible cigarettes as well as those who reported dual use of both cigarettes and e-cigarettes showed similarly high toxicant exposure, according to the results of a study published in Nicotine & Tobacco Research. Both groups of smokers showed higher ...
Can ctDNA Monitoring Help to Predict Melanoma Recurrence?
A new study showed that approximately 80% of patients with stage III melanoma who had detectable levels of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) before they started treatment to suppress their tumors went on to experience recurrence. Researchers also found that the disease returned more than four times...
Parasitic Infection and Its Treatment Linked to Cancer-Related Gene Activity in the Cervix
New research has revealed that Schistosoma haematobium, a parasitic infection affecting millions globally, can trigger cancer-related gene activity in the cervical lining, with changes becoming even more pronounced after treatment. Presented at ESCMID Global 2025, this pivotal study sheds new light ...
ADAR1 Gene and Response to Lenalidomide in Patients With Multiple Myeloma
Investigators have identified a key component inhibiting responses to lenalidomide in patients with multiple myeloma, according to the results of a study recently published in Blood. They identified adenosine deaminase acting on RNA1 (ADAR1) as a novel driver of acquired resistance to lenalidomide...
Link Between CT Scans and Future Cancer Incidence?
At current use and radiation dose levels, computed tomography (CT) scans may eventually account for 5% of all cancers annually, according to a recent modeling study published by Smith-Bindman et al in JAMA Internal Medicine. The danger is greatest for infants, followed by children and...
Immunotherapy, Radiosurgery Combination and Risk of Radiation Necrosis in Patients With Cancer Who Have Brain Metastases
Patients with melanoma and lung cancer who have brain metastases may experience severe inflammatory reactions after receipt of immunotherapy drugs combined with radiation therapy, according to a recent study published by Vaios et al in JAMA Network Open. Study Methods and Results In this study,...
Ideal Apixaban Dose for Cancer-Associated VTE
In the API-CAT trial—results of which were reported in The New England Journal of Medicine—Mahé et al found that use of reduced-dose apixaban was noninferior to full-dose apixaban in preventing recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with active cancer. Study Details In the double-blind...
Novel Strategy May Enhance Sensitivity, Accuracy of Monitoring Cancer in Blood Samples
A whole-genome sequencing–based, error-corrected method for detecting cancer from blood samples could be more sensitive and accurate in monitoring disease status posttreatment among patients with cancer compared with prior methods, according to a recent study published by Cheng et al in Nature...
FDA Approves Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab for Unresectable or Metastatic HCC
On April 11, 2025, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved nivolumab (Opdivo) with ipilimumab (Yervoy) for the first-line treatment of adult patients with unresectable or metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Efficacy was evaluated in CheckMate-9DW (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier...
Low-Dose vs Regular-Dose Apixaban for Prevention of VTE Recurrence in Patients With Cancer
Patients with active cancer who developed venous thromboembolism (VTE) and were treated with anticoagulants for at least 6 months, followed by an additional 12 months of low-dose apixaban, experienced similar VTE recurrences and less bleeding as similar patients who received a full dose of the oral ...
Pausing vs Continuing BTK Inhibitors at Time of COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients With CLL
Researchers have found that patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) should continue to receive Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors while being vaccinated against COVID-19 infections, according to a recent study published by Cook et al in The Lancet Haematology. Background CLL is the...
Frailty Following Chemotherapy May Be Linked to Poorer Survival in Older Women With Breast Cancer
The results of a longitudinal cohort study published in JAMA suggest that frailty following adjuvant chemotherapy may be associated with long-term survival among older women with nonmetastatic breast cancer. Women who experienced rapid frailty progression, or nonresilience, following their...
Preclinical Study Finds FGFR2 Inhibition May Prevent Some KRAS-Expressing Pancreatic Cancers
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, the most common type of pancreatic cancer, is also among the most deadly, with an average 5-year survival rate of less than 10%. The malignancy is often preceded by precancerous lesions. Traditional treatments of the cancer, including chemotherapy, surgery, and...
Patient-Reported Outcomes With Mirvetuximab Soravtansine vs Chemotherapy in FRα-Positive, Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer
In an analysis from the phase III MIRASOL trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Van Gorp et al found no significant difference in quality of life between patients receiving mirvetuximab soravtansine vs chemotherapy for folate receptor–alpha (FRα)-positive, platinum-resistant ovarian cancer. In...
Patterns of ICI Use and Survival Outcomes in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
In a U.S. population–based cohort study reported in JAMA Network Open, Bari et al identified patterns of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) use and survival outcomes among patients with metastatic colorectal cancer seen in routine clinical practice. The investigators stated: “…ICIs have been...
NK Cells Complexed With Bispecific Antibody May Be of Benefit to Patients With Lymphoma
A novel cell therapy approach using cord blood–derived natural killer (NK) cells precomplexed with the CD30/CD16A bispecific antibody AFM13 may be safe and generate responses in patients with refractory CD30-positive lymphomas, according to a recent study published by Nieto et al in Nature...
Radiation Therapy: Hypofractionation vs Conventional Fractionation in Patients With Breast Cancer Planning Breast Reconstruction
Postmastectomy radiation therapy may be significantly shortened for many patients planning breast reconstruction, according to data from a large phase III trial (RT CHARM, Alliance A221505).1 Investigators reported that hypofractionated (short-course) radiation therapy was found to be noninferior...
Proton Therapy and Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy for Localized Prostate Cancer
Proton beam therapy and intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) were found to offer equivalent quality-of-life outcomes for patients with localized prostate cancer, according to data from the PARTIQoL trial. This phase III trial showed no measurable differences between the two approaches in...
Is Surgery Necessary to Treat Invasive Breast Cancer?
Surgery may not be necessary for patients with early-stage breast cancer who had a complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and standard radiation treatment, according to new data from researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. Five-year results from the phase II...
Awareness of Alcohol-Related Cancer Risks May Be Growing
An increasing proportion of the U.S. public may be aware of the link between consuming alcohol and the elevated risk of later developing cancer, according to a recent survey conducted by the University of Pennsylvania’s Annenberg Public Policy Center (APPC). Background On January 3, 2025, Vivek...
Smoking Status of the U.S. Cancer Population
In a study reported as a research letter in JAMA Oncology, Caturegli et al attempted to identify smoking status of patients diagnosed with cancer in the United States in 2023. Study Details In the cross-sectional study, the smoking status of patients diagnosed with cancer in 2023 was collected by...
Exploring Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Colorectal Cancer Screening, Diagnosis
Two recent studies have elucidated the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on colorectal cancer screenings and diagnostic colonoscopies in Central Indiana. The findings—reported by Kumar et al in PLOS One and Richter et al in Preventive Medicine Reports—contribute to the compendium of knowledge on...
Machine Learning Program May Enhance Transplantation Risk Assessment in Patients With Myelofibrosis
A novel machine learning model may outperform standard statistical models in identifying and stratifying transplantation risk among patients with myelofibrosis, according to a recent study published by Hernández-Boluda et al in Blood. Background Although there are several therapies available to...
Combination Therapy for Newly Diagnosed, BRCA-Nonmutated, Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
The outcomes from the phase III ENGOT-OV43/GOG-3036/KEYLYNK-001 trial in advanced BRCA-nonmutated ovarian cancer indicate a statistically significant and clinically meaningful benefit for the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab and chemotherapy, followed by pembrolizumab plus maintenance with the PARP...
Breast Shrinkage Following Breast-Conserving Therapy
Breast-conserving therapy, including radiation therapy, could lead to a progressive reduction in breast size over time among women with early-stage breast cancer, according to a recent study published by Becker et al in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Background Breast-conserving...
Accelerated Onset of Aging-Related Diseases in Childhood Cancer Survivors?
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Yeh et al found evidence of accelerated aging in survivors of childhood cancers through the observed increased risk and early onset of age-related diseases. Study Details The study focused on data from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study and national databases...
Low-Dose CT Screening for Lung Cancer in a High-Risk Population
In a UK prospective longitudinal cohort study (SUMMIT) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Bhamani et al found that large-scale, low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening for lung cancer is effective and “can be delivered efficiently” in a diverse high-risk population. As stated by the...
Daily Physical Activity—Even at Light Intensities—May Reduce Cancer Risk
Investigators found that individuals who engaged in light- and moderate-to-vigorous–intensity physical activity daily had a lower risk of developing cancer compared with those who were more sedentary, according to a recent study published by Shreves et al in the British Journal of Sports Medicine....
Could Brain Imaging Plus VR Minimize Cancer-Related Pain?
A novel method involving noninvasive brain imaging technology and a nondrug treatment that incorporates virtual reality (VR) may aid in objectively measuring cancer-related pain and treating it effectively without opioids in patients with cancer, according to a recent study published by Shafiei et...
Presymptomatic Awareness of BRCA1/BRCA2 Status and Outcomes in Ovarian Cancer
In an Israeli retrospective cohort study reported as a research letter in JAMA Network Open, Armon et al found that presymptomatic awareness of BRCA1/BRCA2 pathogenic variant carrier status was associated with better outcomes in several measures in women with ovarian cancer. Study Details The...
