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Showing 7601 - 7650Targeted Massively Parallel Sequencing Study Indicates Similarity of Somatic Driver Mutations in NSCLC for African American vs European Ancestry
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Araujo et al used targeted massively parallel sequencing to produce an in-depth molecular profile of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in African Americans. Comparison with findings in patients of European/white ancestry with NSCLC...
At-Risk Patients Often Opt Out of Comprehensive Multiplex Cancer Screening
Some at-risk patients opted out of comprehensive cancer gene screening when presented with the opportunity to be tested for the presence of genes linked to various cancers, according to a recent study led by researchers at the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania and the...
Donepezil Provides Modest Improvement in Cognitive Function Domains in Irradiated Brain Tumor Survivors
In a phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Rapp et al found that the neurotransmitter modulator donepezil may modestly improve some cognitive function domains in patients undergoing cranial irradiation for brain tumors. Improvements were greater in patients with greater...
Maintenance Capecitabine-Bevacizumab Prolongs Time to Second Progression in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer in Dutch Trial
In the phase III CAIRO3 trial reported in The Lancet, Simkens et al of the Dutch Colorectal Cancer Group found that maintenance capecitabine-bevacizumab (Avastin) prolonged the time to second progression vs observation in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. In this open-label trial, 558...
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Nivolumab Active in Heavily Pretreated Advanced NSCLC
In a phase I cohort expansion trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Gettinger et al found that monotherapy with the anti–programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) checkpoint inhibitor antibody nivolumab (Opdivo) produced durable responses and promising survival rates in patients...
Anti–PD-1 Antibody Pembrolizumab Improves Progression-Free and Overall Survival vs Ipilimumab in Advanced Melanoma
In the phase III KEYNOTE-006 trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Robert et al found that the anti–PD-1 antibody pembrolizumab (Keytruda) increased progression-free and overall survival compared with ipilimumab in patients with advanced melanoma. Study Details In this...
Increased Lifetime Risk of Cardiovascular Disease for Patients Treated for Hodgkin Lymphoma as Adolescents or Adults
Survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma treated as adolescents or adults are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease throughout their lives, according to results of a retrospective cohort study of 2,524 Dutch patients followed for a median of 20 years. “Treating physicians and patients should be...
EGFR Inhibitor Rociletinib Active in EGFR T790M Mutation–Positive NSCLC Previously Treated With EGFR Inhibitors
In a phase I/II study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Sequist et al found that rociletinib—an EGFR inhibitor active in the presence and absence of the EGFR T790M mutation known to mediate resistance to available EGFR inhibitors—produced a high response rate in patients...
Bilateral Prophylactic Mastectomy Rarely More Cost-Effective Than Screening Mammography for High-Risk Women
Annual screening mammography is significantly more cost-effective than bilateral prophylactic mastectomy in managing the care of most women at high risk for breast cancer. Women with a known BRCA gene mutation, which carries an exceptionally high risk, are a notable exception. These were the...
American College of Physicians Releases Best Practice Advice for Cervical Cancer Screening in Average-Risk Women
The American College of Physicians (ACP) released its clinical advice for cervical cancer screening in asymptomatic, average-risk women 21 years or older. Women at average risk are defined as those with no history of a precancerous lesion (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or a more severe ...
Phase II Study Shows Addition of Pazopanib to Paclitaxel Improves Progression-Free Survival in Platinum-Resistant/Refractory Advanced Ovarian Cancer
In an Italian randomized phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Pignata et al found that the addition of the antiangiogenic multikinase inhibitor pazopanib (Votrient) to weekly paclitaxel significantly improved progression-free survival in patients with platinum-resistant/refractory...
Fallopian Tube Removal May Protect Premenopausal Women at High Risk for Ovarian Cancer From Some Surgical Side Effects
A new surgical approach that removes the fallopian tubes—while sparing the ovaries—may provide premenopausal women at high risk for ovarian cancer, particularly those with BRCA1/2 mutations, with a surgical option that minimizes cancer risk while also reducing some of the negative...
AACR 2015: Pembrolizumab Safe, With Signs of Clinical Benefit, for Patients With Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) was safe, tolerable, and yielded robust antitumor responses in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma, according to data from the phase Ib KEYNOTE-028 clinical trial presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2015, held April 18 to 22 in Philadelphia (Abstract CT103)....
AACR 2015: New Immunotherapy Yields Long-Lasting Responses in Some Patients With Advanced Melanoma
A first-in-class immunotherapy called IMCgp100 yielded durable responses in patients with advanced cutaneous melanoma and those with advanced ocular melanoma, according to data from a phase I/IIa clinical trial presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2015, held April 18 to 22 in Philadelphia (Abstract ...
Obesity Significantly Increases Prostate Cancer Risk in African American Men
Obesity in black men substantially increased the risk of low- and high-grade prostate cancer, whereas obesity in white men moderately reduced the risk of low-grade cancer and only slightly increased the risk of high-grade cancer, according to the first large, prospective study to examine how race...
Glembatumumab Vedotin Appears Active in Heavily Treated Advanced Glycoprotein NMB–Overexpressing Breast Cancer and Triple-Negative Disease
In the randomized phase II EMERGE study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Yardley et al found that the anti–glycoprotein NMB (gpNMB) antibody-drug conjugate glembatumumab vedotin may improve response rate over alternative chemotherapy in patients with advanced refractory breast...
Circulating Tumor Cell Count and LDH Level as Patient-Level Surrogate for Survival in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
In an analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Scher et al found that circulating tumor cell count and LDH level served as an individual-level surrogate for survival among patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer receiving abiraterone acetate (Zytiga) plus...
More Extensive Lymph Node Clearance During Surgery for Esophageal Cancer May Not Improve Survival
A population-based cohort study indicates that “more extensive lymph node clearance during surgery for esophageal cancer may not improve survival,” van der Schaaf et al reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. “These results challenge current clinical guidelines,...
Patients With Relapsed or Refractory CLL Who Discontinue Ibrutinib Early Have Poor Outcomes
Most patients with relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who discontinued ibrutinib (Imbruvica) early “were difficult to treat and had poor outcomes,” according to a study of patients enrolled in four different clinical trials of ibrutinib, with or without rituximab...
Increasing Number of Boys Vaccinated Against HPV Could Protect More People at the Same Price
Public health programs that devote a portion of their funding to encourage more boys to be vaccinated against human papillomavirus (HPV)—rather than merely attempting to raise coverage among girls—may ultimately protect more people for the same price, a study from Duke University...
Durable Responses With Nivolumab in Previously Treated Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
In a phase I cohort-expansion study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, McDermott et al found that nivolumab (Opdivo) produced durable responses in patients with previously treated advanced renal cell carcinoma. Responses continued after nivolumab discontinuation in some patients. Study...
Improved Progression-Free Survival With Brentuximab Vedotin Consolidation After Transplantation in Hodgkin Lymphoma
In the phase III AETHERA trial reported in The Lancet, Moskowitz et al found that brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris) consolidation therapy after autologous stem cell transplantation prolonged progression-free survival by 18 months vs placebo in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma at risk for relapse or...
Nivolumab Increases Response Rate vs Chemotherapy in Advanced Melanoma With Progression After Anti–CTLA-4 Treatment
In the phase III CheckMate 037 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Weber et al found that treatment with the PD-1 inhibitor nivolumab (Opdivo) resulted in a significantly greater response rate vs chemotherapy as second- or later-line treatment in patients with advanced melanoma progressing after ...
Overweight Girls Face Increased Risk of Colorectal Cancer Later in Life
Girls who are overweight as young children and teens may face an increased risk for colorectal cancer decades later, regardless of what they weigh as adults, suggests a new study published by Zhang et al in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. “Our study supports the growing...
Study Finds Both the Number of Childhood Cancer Survivors and the Prevalence of Morbidity Are Increasing
Researchers investigating the prevalence of childhood cancer survivors and the population-level burden of morbidity in these survivors have found that although the number of childhood cancer survivors has increased by nearly 60,000 since 2005, the majority of those who have survived 5 or more years ...
Italian Trial Shows Benefit of Dose-Dense Adjuvant Therapy With Sequential Epirubicin-Cyclophosphamide-Paclitaxel in Early Node-Positive Breast Cancer
In an Italian 2×2 phase III trial reported in The Lancet, Del Mastro et al found that dose-dense adjuvant therapy with sequential epirubicin, cyclophosphamide, and paclitaxel (EC-P) with or without fluorouracil (5-FU) increased disease-free survival vs standard-interval therapy in early-stage ...
No Survival Benefit of IGF-1R/Insulin Receptor Inhibitor Linsitinib in Advanced Adrenocortical Carcinoma
In a phase III trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Fassnacht et al found that linsitinib, an insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) and insulin receptor inhibitor, did not improve overall survival vs placebo in patients with previously treated locally advanced or metastatic...
American Gastroenterological Association Releases New Guidelines on the Management of Asymptomatic Neoplastic Pancreatic Cysts
The growing use of sophisticated abdominal imaging techniques, which has led to a marked increase in the findings of incidental pancreatic cysts, has prompted the American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) to issue new recommendations in the management of asymptomatic neoplastic pancreatic...
Elevated C-Reactive Protein Associated With Poorer Outcome in Melanoma
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Fang et al found that an elevated C-reactive protein level was associated with poorer overall and melanoma-specific survival in patients with melanoma and that sequential increases in C-reactive protein were associated with an increased risk...
Study Compares Incidence and Severity of Treatment-Related Neuropathy in Patients With Colorectal Cancer vs Other Cancers
Patients with colorectal cancer experience significantly higher rates of numbness/tingling but comparable neuropathic pain relative to patients with other cancers, according to a study by Lewis et al in the Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. In addition, numbness/tingling was more likely to be ...
PET-Adapted Sequential Salvage Therapy With Brentuximab and Augmented ICE Produces High Response Rate in Relapsed/Refractory Hodgkin Lymphoma
In a phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Moskowitz et al found that a salvage strategy involving brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris) treatment followed by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography (PET) and augmented ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide (ICE) in PET-positive...
Outcomes of Phase II Basket Trial of Molecular Profiling and Targeted Therapy in Advanced Thoracic Malignancies
In a basket trial (CUSTOM) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Lopez-Chavez et al performed molecular profiling of tumors in patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), small cell lung cancer, or thymic malignancies and assigned those in any of five actionable...
Chromosomal Rearrangement May Be the Key to Progress Against Aggressive Infant Leukemia
The St. Jude Children's Research Hospital–Washington University Pediatric Cancer Genome Project reports that a highly aggressive form of leukemia in infants has surprisingly few mutations beyond the chromosomal rearrangement that affects the MLL gene. The findings, reported by Andersson et al ...
Concurrent Chemoradiation Therapy at High-Volume Facilities Improves Survival for NSCLC
Patients treated with definitive concurrent chemotherapy and radiation therapy for stage III non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have longer overall survival when treated by highly experienced facilities, whether or not they are academic or community cancer centers. Researchers from the Yale...
Factors in Ibrutinib Discontinuation in Patients With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
In a single-center study reported in JAMA Oncology, Maddocks et al found that Richter’s transformation accounted for early progression-related discontinuation of ibrutinib (Imbruvica) in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and that CLL progression but not Richter’s...
Durable Responses at 3-Year Follow-up for CLL Patients Receiving Single-Agent Ibrutinib
At a median follow-up of 3 years, ibrutinib (Imbruvica) demonstrated continued activity with durable responses that improved in quality with extended treatment of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). In addition, grade 3 toxicity and adverse events leading to discontinuation diminished ...
Researchers Map Genomic Landscape of Childhood Adrenocortical Tumors for the First Time
In an advance that could lead to better identification of malignant pediatric adrenocortical tumors, and ultimately to better treatment, researchers have mapped the genomic landscape of these rare childhood tumors. Their genomic mapping has revealed unprecedented details, not only of the aberrant...
No Benefit of Adding Bevacizumab to First-Line Gemcitabine-Docetaxel in Metastatic Uterine Leiomyosarcoma
In a phase III NRG Oncology/Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Hensley et al found no benefit of adding bevacizumab (Avastin) to first-line gemcitabine-docetaxel in patients with metastatic uterine leiomyosarcoma. Study Details In this...
Addition of Orteronel to Prednisone in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Does Not Meet Overall Survival Endpoint in Phase III Trial
In a phase III trial (ELM-PC 5) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Fizazi et al found that the addition of the 17,20-lyase inhibitor orteronel to prednisone in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer progressing after docetaxel therapy resulted in an overall...
Acceptable Cardiac Safety of Ado-Trastuzumab Emtansine After Anthracycline-Based Chemotherapy in Early-Stage HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Krop et al found that ado-trastuzumab emtansine (Kadcyla) had an acceptable cardiac safety profile when used after anthracycline-based (neo)adjuvant therapy in women with early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer. Study Details In the study,...
Oral Bisphosphonate Use Reduces Risk of Postmenopausal Endometrial Cancer
Bisphosphonate use for treatment or prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women has been associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer, including in a study in the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) population. In a WHI study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Newcomb et al...
Meta-Analysis Shows Increased Risk of Ovarian Cancer With Menopausal Hormone Therapy
In a study reported in The Lancet, the Collaborative Group on Epidemiological Studies of Ovarian Cancer found that use of menopausal hormone therapy was associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer, with the risk being highest among current users. The study consisted of meta-analyses of...
CLEOPATRA Study: Significant Overall Survival Benefit of Adding Pertuzumab to Trastuzumab/Docetaxel in HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Swain et al, the final prespecified overall survival analysis in the phase III CLEOPATRA study showed a significant 15.7-month increase in median overall survival over 50 months of follow-up with the addition of pertuzumab (Perjeta) to...
Human Reovirus Formulation Receives FDA Orphan Drug Designation for Fallopian Tube Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Orphan Drug designation for Oncolytics Biotech’s proprietary formulation of the human reovirus (Reolysin) for the treatment of fallopian tube cancer. The designation was granted on the basis of the company's December 2014 application for ...
Men Who Have Had Testicular Cancer May Be More Likely to Develop Prostate Cancer
A case-control study of close to 180,000 men suggests that the incidence of prostate cancer is higher among men with a history of testicular cancer (12.6%) than among those without a history of testicular cancer (2.8%). Men who have had testicular cancer were also more likely to develop...
Inconclusive Outcome for Lapatinib vs Trastuzumab Plus Capecitabine in Preventing CNS Metastases as First Relapse Site in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
In the phase III CEREBEL study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Pivot et al compared lapatinib (Tykerb)-capecitabine vs trastuzumab (Herceptin)-capecitabine in the prevention of central nervous system (CNS) metastases as first relapse site in patients with metastatic HER2-positive...
Study Shows That Previous Cancer ‘False Alarms’ May Discourage Patients From Screening Future Symptoms
Cancer researchers at University College London (UCL) have found that a cancer false alarm could discourage patients from checking out cancer symptoms they develop in the future. More than 80% of patients with potential cancer symptoms are given the all-clear after investigations. But according to ...
Adding Cetuximab to First-Line FOLFIRI Does Not Benefit Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients With RAS Mutations
The phase III CRYSTAL trial showed that the addition of cetuximab (Erbitux) to first-line FOLFIRI (fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan) significantly improved overall survival, progression-free survival, and objective response rates in patients with KRAS codon 12/13 (exon 2) wild-type...
No Difference in Anxiety or Health-Related Quality of Life in NHL Patients Receiving Rituximab Maintenance vs Retreatment at Disease Progression
In an analysis among patients in the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) E4402 trial (RESORT) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Wagner et al found no difference in anxiety or health-related quality of life in patients with low–tumor burden non-Hodgkin lymphoma who received...
Urea-Based Cream Prevents Sorafenib-Associated Hand-Foot Skin Reactions in Chinese Patients With Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
In a Chinese study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Ren et al found that prophylactic use of urea-based cream reduced the incidence of sorafenib (Nexavar)–associated hand-foot skin reactions in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Urea-based creams are used to treat...
