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Showing 751 - 800Synergy of Metformin and Gefitinib in LKB1 Wild-type NSCLC Cell Lines
Clinical resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment has been observed in lung cancer. The antidiabetic drug metformin has shown significant inhibitory and proapoptotic effects in several cancer models alone and in combination with chemotherapeutic...
Serum miR-21 as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker in Colorectal Cancer
The oncogenic microRNAs miR-21and miR-31 negatively regulate tumor-suppressor genes. Toiyama and colleagues conducted a series of studies to assess their potential as serum biomarkers in colorectal cancer. Screening in medium from two colorectal cancer cell lines and serum analysis in 12 patients...
Elevated Serum miR-1290 May Distinguish Early Pancreatic Cancer
In studies to identify circulating microRNA levels that could distinguish low-stage pancreatic cancer from healthy and disease controls, Li and colleagues, measured 735 microRNAs in pancreatic cancer case and control sera and selected 18 microRNA candidates for validation in an independent set of...
Circulating Tumor Cells with ALK Rearrangement in ALK-positive NSCLC
The diagnostic test for ALK rearrangement in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) for crizotinib (Xalkori) treatment currently uses biopsy or fine-needle aspiration. Pailler and colleagues assessed whether ALK rearrangement could be detected using circulating tumor cells. They analyzed circulating...
Effect of Radium-223 Dichloride in Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis Model
Radium-223 dichloride (Xofigo) is an alpha particle–emitting radiotherapeutic drug that mimics calcium and localizes to areas of high bone turnover, providing targeted therapy for skeletal metastasis. The drug was recently approved for treatment of patients with castration-resistant prostate...
Treating BRAF V600E Colorectal Cancer May Require Concomitant BRAF and PI3K/mTOR Inhibition
BRAF V600E mutations are associated with poor prognosis in colorectal cancer. A study by Coffee and colleagues examined PI3K/mTOR signaling in BRAF V600E colorectal cancer cell lines after BRAF inhibition as well as cell viability and apoptosis after combined BRAF and PI3K/mTOR inhibition. Western ...
Investigational New Drug Application Filed for CFI-400945
Investigators from Princess Margaret Cancer Centre in Toronto and the University of California, Los Angeles, have submitted an Investigational New Drug (IND) application for CFI-400945, a novel drug candidate targeting the enzyme PLK4, which plays a crucial role in cell division. The news was...
More Than 98% of Childhood Cancer Survivors Have Chronic Health Conditions
More than 98% of adult survivors of childhood cancer in a large clinically evaluated cohort had a chronic health condition, including a substantial number of previously undiagnosed problems that are more likely to occur in an older population. “These findings underscore the importance of ongoing...
Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers and St. Anthony Hospital Complete Affiliation for a Comprehensive Oncology Center
Colorado’s Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, with 20 centers throughout the state, and St. Anthony Hospital have completed an agreement to provide comprehensive inpatient and outpatient cancer services to patients on the St. Anthony Hospital campus in Lakewood, Colorado. Expanded radiation therapy...
Cedars-Sinai Names Award Recipient in Gifted Scholars Program
Cedars-Sinai in Los Angeles, California, recently named Christine R. Carico the 2013 recipient of the Medical Center’s Pauletta and Denzel Washington Family Gifted Scholars Program in Neuroscience award. Ms. Carico will spend the next year researching brain disorders like the one that took the life ...
Can Obinutuzumab Benefit Patients With Rituximab-Refractory Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma?
Obinutuzumab is a glycoengineered type II antibody that differs from type I anti-CD20 antibodies by being associated with actin reorganization and adhesion followed by direct cell death.1 Obinutuzumab has been glycoengineered by reduction in fucose content of the Fc region, which increases its...
California Stem Cell Agency Awards More than $40 Million in New Research Grants, including Funds for Prostate Cancer Research
The California Institute for Regenerative Medicine recently announced approval by the agency’s governing Board, the Independent Citizens Oversight Committee, of $40 million in funding for researchers at 10 institutions as part of its Early Translational IV Research awards. Among the institutions...
Prognostic Significance of MTOR Pathway Component Expression in Neuroendocrine Tumors
The MTOR serine/threonine kinase pathway is implicated in regulation of neuroendocrine tumor growth. In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Qian and colleagues investigated the potential prognostic significance of MTOR pathway component expression in patients with neuroendocrine...
Resistance to Anti-VEGF Drugs in Glioblastoma Is Linked to Mesenchymal Transition
Antiangiogenic therapy reduces tumor vascular permeability and delays tumor progression but may ultimately promote an aggressive treatment-resistant phenotype. In a study reported in Clinical Cancer Research, Piao and colleagues attempted to identify factors responsible for glioblastoma resistance...
Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells Effective Against Autologous Metastatic Melanoma Including Cells With Stemness Features
In a study reported in Clinical Cancer Research, Gammaitoni and colleagues investigated the tumor-killing activity of cytokine-induced killer cells against autologous metastatic melanoma and putative cancer stem cells. The investigators developed a preclinical autologous model using same...
Three 'Game-Changers' in the Treatment of Melanoma
There have been three “game-changers” in the treatment of melanoma, Mark R. Albertini, MD, Associate Professor of Medicine at the University of Wisconsin in Madison, contended at the Best of ASCO Chicago meeting. The first, he explained, was the recognition of different genetic driver...
A Great Privilege to Die Beneath an Open Sky
It was 1:00 AM, and my beeping pager awakened me. When you’re a surgical oncologist, you know that a page from your chief resident at this hour of the morning usually means someone may need to go to the operating room. And, yes, it was the chief resident about a patient in crisis. Except in this...
ASCO President-Elect Candidate Julie M. Vose, MD, MBA, FASCO
Cost of Care and Federal Funding How can ASCO address the high cost of cancer care and diminishing federal resources for basic and translational research? We need to work with the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, private insurers, and health-care systems to encourage evidence-based...
ASCO President-Elect Candidate Lynn M. Schuchter, MD, FASCO
Cost of Care and Federal Funding How can ASCO address the high cost of cancer care and diminishing federal resources for basic and translational research? In answer to the first part of this question, the rising cost of cancer care has certainly become a focus of national conversation given the...
The Scientific Perils of Sequestration
We are just 7 months into the $1 trillion in automatic federal budget spending cuts known as sequestration, and the impact on scientists in all areas of research is already so great, some say its full effects may be irreversible. The ASCO Post recently interviewed ASCO President Clifford A. Hudis, ...
Omega-3
Common Name: Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) Brand Names: Omegaven, Max-EPA The use of dietary supplements by patients with cancer has increased significantly over the past 2 decades despite insufficient evidence of safety and effectiveness. Finding reliable sources of information about...
Focal Adhesion Kinase Regulates YB-1–Mediated Paclitaxel Resistance in Ovarian Cancer
It has been found that focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibition sensitizes ovarian cancer to the effects of taxanes. In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Kang and colleagues evaluated the response of taxane-resistant and taxane-sensitive ovarian cancer models to a...
Fatty Acid Network Exerts Growth Inhibitory Effects in Pancreatic Cancer
In a study reported in Clinical Cancer Research, Zhang and colleagues used integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics to investigate gene-metabolic networks and identify metabolic pathways that are perturbed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. A global metabolite profiling analysis was performed ...
Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Glioblastoma Are Related to Specific Genomic Alterations
The role of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in glioblastoma has not been fully defined. In a study reported in Clinical Cancer Research, Rutledge and colleagues assessed the association between tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and molecular alterations, histologies, and survival in glioblastoma. In...
Celebrating 30 Years of Mentorship That Makes a Difference
The Conquer Cancer Foundation (CCF) Grants and Awards Program has been instrumental in helping launch the careers of hundreds of aspiring cancer researchers around the world over the past 30 years. Since the first grant provided in 1984, Conquer Cancer Foundation–funded scientists have become some...
ASH as Part of 'NDD United' Releases Report on Effects of Sequestration
A new report recently released and supported by the American Society of Hematology (ASH) details the crippling effects of sequestration on programs that rely on discretionary federal funding, including the National Institutes of Health (NIH). In “Faces of Austerity: How Budget Cuts Have Made Us...
Phospho-cMET Inhibition in Multiple Myeloma
In a study reported in Clinical Cancer Research, Moschetta and colleagues characterized the involvement of the cMet oncogene in drug resistance and the activity of a novel selective inhibitor of cMET/phospho-cMET (SU11274) in multiple myeloma cells sensitive (RPMI-8226 and MM.1S) and resistant (R5...
University of Michigan Cancer Center Founding Director to Step Down
Max S. Wicha, MD, has announced he will step down as Director of the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center where he has served for the past 27 years. Dr. Wicha founded University of Michigan’s Cancer Center in 1986 and shepherded it to its first National Cancer Institute Cancer Center ...
Peter Jacobs, MD, Storied South African Hematology Pioneer, Dies
“We make a living by what we get. We make a life by what we give.” —Winston S. Churchill The remarkable medical career of Peter Jacobs, MD, in large part, traces the oncologic history of South Africa. During the decades of political and social unrest that engulfed his native land, Dr. Jacobs...
Janet L. Rowley, MD, Matriarch of Modern Cancer Genetics, Dies at Age 88
Dr. Janet L. Rowley’s groundbreaking research in the translocation of genetic material bucked scientific convention and heralded a new understanding that cancer is indeed a genetic disease. Her research was largely responsible for the discoveries that led to the development of the targeted cancer...
Leukemia/Lymphoma Pioneer Geoffrey P. Herzig, MD, Dies
Many of the advances that have bettered mankind are attributed to those who were driven by a primary passion. Geoffrey P. Herzig, MD, lived the better part of his life with a primary passion: conducting research to increase the cure rate of leukemia and lymphoma patients. His friend and colleague,...
Donald L. Morton, MD, an Icon in Surgical Oncology, Dies
“Tomorrow is the most important thing in life. Comes into us at midnight very clean. It’s perfect when it arrives and it puts itself in our hands. It hopes we’ve learned something from yesterday.” —John Wayne Donald L. Morton, MD, transformed the management of melanoma and breast cancer by...
High Plasma Alkylresorcinols Associated With Reduced Risk of Distal Colon but Not Overall Colorectal Cancer
In a study reported in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Kyrø and colleagues found that high levels of plasma alkylresorcinols, biomarkers of dietary whole-grain wheat and rye intake, were associated with reduced risk of distal colon cancer. The study involved prediagnostic plasma samples...
CYB5A Induces Autophagy, and Higher Expression Improves Survival in Pancreatic Cancer
Loss of 18q22.3 is a prognostic marker in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Giovannetti and colleagues assessed the role of 18q22.3-encoded CYB5A in pancreatic cancer prognosis and autophagy modulation. In the study, both resected ...
Effect of Cyclophosphamide Mediated by Gut Microflora
In a study reported in Science, Viaud and colleagues showed that the antitumor activity of cyclophosphamide is dependent on the effect of this agent on gut microflora. In mouse studies, the investigators found that cyclophosphamide altered the composition of microbiota in the small intestine,...
Intact Gut Microbe Populations Improve Response to Chemotherapy
Gut microflora affect local and systemic inflammatory responses, and inflammation is involved in both pathogenesis and treatment of cancers, but it is unclear whether gut microflora affect inflammation in the sterile tumor microenvironment. In a study reported in Science, Iida and colleagues...
ASCO and College of American Pathologists Guideline Update: Recommendations for HER2 Testing in Breast Cancer
The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and College of American Pathologists (CAP) recently convened an Update Committee to conduct a systematic literature review and update recommendations for optimal HER2 testing. In particular, the Committee identified criteria and areas requiring...
Ibrutinib Induces Prompt and Durable Responses in Some Lymphomas
The Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor ibrutinib (Imbruvica) is changing the landscape of treatment in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. New research with the drug in lymphoma, presented at the 2013 American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting in New Orleans, indicates it may be of benefit in...
Cytoreductive Nephrectomy Improves Survival in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients With Longer Life Expectancy
Prior to the advent of targeted therapy, cytoreductive nephrectomy was associated with a 6-month improvement in overall survival in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. With new and better targeted therapies for the disease, the appropriate use of cytoreductive nephrectomy has been...
The Author Replies
I read with interest the note from Jeff Boyd, PhD, Senior Vice-President for Molecular Medicine at Fox Chase Cancer Center, calling into question my recent commentary about the high costs of partly validated testing in the domain of molecular medicine. One of the oldest tricks in the book is to...
CD137 Identifies and Enriches for Tumor-Reactive T Cells
In a study reported in Clinical Cancer Research, Ye and colleagues showed that CD137 can be used to identify tumor-reactive T cells and to enrich for tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and tumor-associated lymphocytes for use in adoptive immunotherapy. In the study, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from...
Protein Expression–Based Risk Model for Recurrence in Resected NSCLC
In a study reported in Clinical Cancer Research, Gold and colleagues developed a risk model for recurrence of resected non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) based on protein expression and clinical variables. The study involved analysis of samples from 370 patients with NSCLC resected between 2002 and ...
Decreased Diversity of Gut Bacteria Associated With Risk of Colorectal Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Ahn and colleagues found that decreased diversity of gut bacteria and differences in levels of specific bacteria were associated with significantly increased risk of colorectal cancer. The study involved measurement of 16S...
Antitumor Immunity Affected by Standard Lab Mouse Housing Temperature
In a study reported in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, Kokolusa and colleagues showed that fundamental aspects of antitumor immunity are significantly affected by ambient housing temperature for lab mice. Standard ambient temperature in research facility lab mice housing is...
Dual PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor Effective as Radiosensitizer for Glioblastoma
In a study reported in Clinical Cancer Research, del Alcazar and colleagues assessed the effects of the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor NVP-BEZ235 as a radiosensitizer in glioblastoma. No DNA double-strand break repair inhibitors have been successful in treating glioblastoma. However, in prior studies in...
Antitumor Activity of Poly-IC and Anti–PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody
Epitope-based vaccines that induce CD8-positive T-cell responses to tumor-associated antigens are being investigated in the treatment of several types of cancer. In a study reported in Clinical Cancer Research, Nagato and colleagues showed that combined immunotherapy with polyinosinic-polycytidylic ...
Support from 1999 Career Development Award Launched Dr. Kornelia Polyak’s Quest to Advance Understanding of DCIS of the Breast
In 1999, Kornelia Polyak, MD, PhD, of the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, received a Career Development Award from the Conquer Cancer Foundation for her project, “Isolation of Tumor Suppressor Genes Inactivated in DCIS of the Breast.” “The Career Development Award got me started,” she said. “When...
Immune Modulation May Aid Some Breast Cancer Subtypes
There may be an immunogenic phenotype in breast cancer that could benefit from immune modulation as part of treatment, according to results from studies that correlated high levels of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes with both pathologic complete responses and long-term outcomes. Studies presented at ...
I Refuse to Capitulate to Cancer
Early last year, just as I returned to my residency in neurologic surgery at Stanford University after completing 2 years of my postdoctoral fellowship in a laboratory developing optogenetic techniques, I started losing weight—dropping from 180 lb to 160 lb in just 6 months—and I was having fairly...
Lenalidomide Acts in Myeloma by Degrading Lymphoid Transcription Factors IKZF1 and IKZF3
The mechanism of action of lenalidomide (Revlimid) in multiple myeloma and other B-cell neoplasms remains largely uncharacterized. In a study reported in Science, Krönke and colleagues identified one of the effects of lenalidomide in this setting. Use of quantitative proteomics showed that...
