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Showing 7351 - 7400Gemcitabine-Based Treatment Yields Similar Response Rates, Less Toxicity Than DHAP Before Stem Cell Transplant for Relapsed/Refractory Lymphoma
In the NCIC-CTG LY.12 study, a phase III international noninferiority trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Crump and colleagues found that gemcitabine, dexamethasone, and cisplatin (GDP) was associated with a noninferior response rate and similar transplantation rate compared with...
Analysis Suggests 70-Gene Signature Strategy Is Not Cost-Effective in Adjuvant Decisions in Patients With Node-Negative Breast Cancer
In a French analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Bonastre and colleagues found that use of the 70-gene signature (MammaPrint) was unlikely to be cost-effective in deciding whether to administer adjuvant therapy in patients with node-negative breast cancer. Use of Adjuvant! Online...
Predictive Ability of CT Screen-Detected Nodule Volume, Diameter, and Volume-Doubling for Lung Cancer in NELSON Trial
The Dutch and Belgian NELSON trial is assessing the effect of increasing interval low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening for lung cancer on lung cancer mortality. In an analysis among screened Dutch participants reported in Lancet Oncology, Horeweg and colleagues identified screen-detected...
Performance of Lung Cancer Low-Dose CT Screening With Increasing Screening Interval in NELSON Trial
The Dutch and Belgian NELSON trial is assessing the effect of increasing interval low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening for lung cancer on lung cancer mortality. In an analysis of screening test performance among Dutch participants reported in Lancet Oncology, Horeweg and colleagues found...
ALSYMPCA Subgroup Analysis: Radium-223 Survival Benefit Irrespective of Prior Docetaxel in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer With Bone Metastases
The phase III ALSYMPCA trial showed that radium-223 (Xofigo) increased overall survival vs placebo patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer and symptomatic bone metastases. In a prespecified subgroup analysis reported in The Lancet Oncology, Hoskin et al found that overall survival...
Language and Communication Cognitive Complaints Worsen After Initiation of Endocrine Therapy in Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Data suggest that cancer treatment puts patients at risk of cognitive impairment and that many patients exhibit impairment prior to treatment. In an observational cohort study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Ganz et al found that language and communication cognitive complaints were...
Topical Cidofovir and Imiquimod Active in Treating Vulval Intraepithelial Neoplasia
In a UK phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Tristram et al found that topical cidofovir and topical imiquimod were active in the treatment of vulval intraepithelial neoplasia, suggesting that such treatment may constitute an alternative to surgery. Study Details In the open-label...
Increased Prediagnosis BMI Associated With Increased Risk of Second Obesity-Associated Cancers in Colorectal Cancer Survivors
Overweight and obesity are associated with increased risk of primary colorectal cancer, as well as increased risk of breast, endometrial, esophageal, pancreatic, and kidney cancers. In a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Gibson et al found...
CLEOPATRA Analysis Shows That HER2 Is Sole Marker Suitable for Selection of Pertuzumab/Trastuzumab-Based Treatment in Metastatic Breast Cancer
In an analysis in the CLEOPATRA trial population reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Baselga et al found that HER2 was the only biomarker suitable for use in selecting patients for first-line pertuzumab (Perjeta)/trastuzumab (Herceptin)-based treatment in patients with HER2-positive...
Long-Term Overall Survival Benefit of Adding Trastuzumab to Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Early-Stage HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
Earlier planned joint analyses of outcomes in the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) B-31 trial and North Central Cancer Treatment Group (NCCTG) N9831 trial showed that adding trastuzumab (Herceptin) to adjuvant chemotherapy improved disease-free survival and overall...
Overuse and Underuse of Recommended Imaging for Lung Cancer Staging in National VA Cohort
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Backhus et al found that imaging guideline recommendations for staging of locally advanced lung cancer were often not followed in a national Veterans Affairs (VA) cohort. Study Details The study involved 3,808 patients with stage IIB, IIIA, ...
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Thrombomodulin Gene Predict Mortality in Patients With Graft-vs-Host Disease
The pathophysiology of steroid refractoriness in graft-vs-host disease in allogeneic stem cell transplantation is not completely understood, although there is evidence that endothelial cell stress, which involves endothelial thrombomodulin, plays a role. In a study reported in the Journal of...
No Progression-Free Survival Benefit of Dacomitinib vs Erlotinib Overall or in KRAS Wild-Type Disease in Pretreated Advanced NSCLC
In a phase III ARCHER 1009 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Ramalingam et al found no progression-free survival benefit of the irreversible pan-HER tyrosine kinase inhibitor dacomitinib vs erlotinib among all patients with pretreated non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) or among those...
No Survival Benefit With Pan-HER Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Dacomitinib vs Placebo in Pretreated Advanced NSCLC
In the phase III NCIC CTG BR.26 Trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Ellis et al found that treatment with the irreversible pan-HER tyrosine kinase inhibitor dacomitinib was not associated with an overall survival benefit compared with placebo in patients with pretreated advanced or...
Regional Hepatopancreaticobiliary Surgical Program Improves Care in VA System
In a retrospective cohort study reported in JAMA Surgery, Lau et al found that implementation of a multidisciplinary hepatopancreaticobiliary surgical program in a Veterans Affairs (VA) health-care region resulted in improved care and outcomes. The study involved analysis of practices and outcomes ...
Higher Alkylating Agent Exposure Associated With Impaired Spermatogenesis in Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer
In a study in the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort Study population reported in The Lancet Oncology, Green et al found that increasing alkylating agent exposure was associated with impaired spermatogenesis in adult male survivors of childhood cancer who did not undergo radiation therapy as part of their...
Oral Rivaroxaban Has Efficacy Similar to Enoxaparin Plus Vitamin K Antagonist in Preventing Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism
In a subgroup analysis of the pooled results of the EINSTEIN-DVT and EINSTEIN-PE trials reported in The Lancet Haematology, Prins et al found that the recurrence rate for venous thromboembolism in cancer patients receiving anticoagulant therapy with oral rivaroxaban (Xarelto) was similar to that in ...
First-Line FOLFIRI Improves Time to Treatment Failure and Is Better Tolerated vs ECX in Advanced Gastric Cancer
In a phase III French Intergroup trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Guimbaud et al found that FOLFIRI (fluorouracil [5-FU], leucovorin, and irinotecan) significantly prolonged time to treatment failure compared with ECX (epirubicin, cisplatin, and capecitabine) in first-line...
ASCO Issues Clinical Expert Statement on Cancer Survivorship Care Planning
Efforts at implementing survivorship care plans have met with limited success in oncology practice, in part due to the time required to complete survivorship care plans, lack of role clarity, and lack of reimbursement for time to complete the documents. In response, ASCO convened a Survivorship...
CD19-Directed CAR T Cells Produce Sustained Remission in Relapsed/Refractory ALL
In a study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Maude et al reported achieving sustained remissions in children and adults with relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) using autologous CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells. Study Details In the...
Neratinib Plus Capecitabine Shows Activity in HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer
Neratinib is an irreversible pan-tyrosine kinase inhibitor with activity against HER1, HER2, and HER4. In a phase I/II trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Saura et al found that the combination of neratinib and capecitabine exhibited high activity in patients with trastuzumab...
Substantial Benefit of Intensive Surveillance Following Bimodality Therapy for Esophageal Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Sudo et al found that many patients undergoing definitive chemoradiotherapy (bimodality therapy) for esophageal cancer can derive substantial survival benefit from subsequent salvage surgery, supporting a practice of intensive...
LINE-1 Hypomethylation Associated With Poorer Survival in Microsatellite Instability–High vs Microsatellite-Stable Tumors in Colorectal Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Inamura et al found that hypomethylation in long interspersed nucleotide element-1 (LINE-1) is associated with greater colorectal cancer–specific and overall mortality in high-degree microsatellite instability vs...
ASCO Endorses Guideline for Molecular Testing to Select Lung Cancer Patients for EGFR and ALK Inhibitor Treatment
ASCO has endorsed the recently developed joint College of American Pathologists (CAP), International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC), and Association of Molecular Pathologists (AMP) guideline on molecular testing for selection of patients with lung cancer for EGFR and ALK inhibitor ...
Adding Aprepitant to Granisetron/Dexamethasone Reduces Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting After High-Dose Melphalan Conditioning in Myeloma
In a phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Schmitt et al found that adding aprepitant to granisetron and dexamethasone significantly reduced chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in myeloma patients undergoing high-dose melphalan conditioning and autologous stem cell...
Second-Line Bevacizumab/Chemotherapy Improves Progression-Free Survival in Advanced HER2-Negative Breast Cancer
In the phase III TANIA trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, von Minckwitz et al found that adding bevacizumab (Avastin) to chemotherapy in second-line treatment improved progression-free survival after first-line bevacizumab plus chemotherapy in patients with HER2-negative locally recurrent or...
Rate of Cancer Detection at Risk-Reducing Salpingo-Oophorectomy
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Sherman et al found occult cancers in 2.6% of high-risk women undergoing risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy. Study Details The study involved 966 asymptomatic high-risk women age ≥ 30 years who underwent risk-reducing...
New Findings in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia
Three studies reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology provide information on maintenance treatment with the synthetic retinoid tamibarotene in acute promyelocytic leukemia, potential implications of QT interval prolongation related to arsenic trioxide (Trisenox), and potential health-related...
Improved Survival With Maintenance Capecitabine/Bevacizumab vs Bevacizumab Alone in HER2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer
Regulatory approval of bevacizumab (Avastin) plus docetaxel in metastatic breast cancer was withdrawn in Europe in February 2011 and in the United States in November 2011. The phase III IMELDA trial comparing maintenance capecitabine/bevacizumab vs bevacizumab after first-line bevacizumab/docetaxel ...
Anti–PD-1 Antibody Pembrolizumab Is Active in Ipilimumab-Refractory Advanced Melanoma
As reported in The Lancet by Robert et al, the anti–programmed-death receptor-1 (PD-1) antibody pembrolizumab (Keytruda) produced durable responses in a phase I trial in patients with ipilimumab (Yervoy)-refractory melanoma. The study provided the basis for the recent accelerated approval of...
HPV 16/18 Vaccine Shows Protective Efficacy in Women Aged > 25 Years in 4-Year Interim Follow-up of VIVIANE Study
In the 4-year interim follow-up of the VIVIANE study reported in The Lancet by Skinner et al, the human papillomavirus (HPV) 16/18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine was found to be protective against 6-month persistent infection or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 or higher (CIN1+) associated with...
After Adjustment for Stage at Diagnosis, No Difference Evident in Melanoma-Specific Mortality Between Amelanotic and Pigmented Melanomas
In a large international population-based study reported in JAMA Dermatology, Thomas et al found that increased risk of melanoma-related mortality for patients with amelanotic vs those with pigmented melanomas was no longer evident after adjustment for tumor stage at diagnosis. The study involved...
Adjuvant Radiotherapy Benefits Survival in Subsets of Patients With Node-Positive Prostate Cancer
In an analysis of outcomes in patients with node-positive prostate cancer reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Abdollah et al found that adjuvant radiotherapy is associated with a survival benefit in patients with low-volume nodal disease in the setting of intermediate- to high-grade...
Abiraterone Acetate/Prednisone in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Final Analysis of Early-Access Protocol Study
Abiraterone acetate (Zytiga) is approved for use in combination with prednisone in the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. As reported by Sternberg et al in The Lancet Oncology, results of an open-label, early-access protocol trial initiated prior to approval indicated no...
AR-V7 in Circulating Tumor Cells Associated With Resistance to Enzalutamide and Abiraterone in Prostate Cancer
The androgen receptor isoform encoded by splice variant 7 is constitutively active as a transcription factor, despite lacking the ligand-binding domain that is the target of enzalutamide (Xtandi) and abiraterone (Zytiga). In a study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Antonarakis et al ...
Increased Risk of Fracture After Radical Cystectomy and Urinary Diversion in Older Patients With Bladder Cancer
In a population-based study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Gupta et al found that radical cystectomy with urinary diversion for bladder cancer is associated with increased risk of bone fracture at any site in Medicare patients. Radical cystectomy and urinary diversion may cause...
No Increased Risk of Ovarian Cancer With Perineal Powder Use
Perineal powder use has been associated with increased risk of ovarian cancer in case-control studies and with increased risk of serous invasive ovarian cancer in a cohort study. In a large cohort study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Houghton et al found no significant...
TERT Promoter Mutation Associated With Reduced Survival in Nonacral Cutaneous Melanoma
TERT promoter mutations have been found to occur at high frequency in cutaneous melanoma tumor samples, exhibit a UV-signature, and lead to increased TERT gene expression. In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Griewank et al found that TERT promoter mutation was...
Swedish Study Indicates No Increased Risk of Breast Cancer With 5 Years of Continuous Exposure to Calcium Channel Blockers
A recently reported U.S. population-based case-control study in women aged 55 to 74 years indicated that current use of calcium channel blockers for ≥ 10 years was associated with increased risk of ductal breast cancer (odds ratio [OR] = 2.4) and lobular breast cancer. In a Swedish case-control...
PET-CT as Standard for Response Assessment After First-Line Therapy in Follicular Lymphoma
In a pooled analysis reported in The Lancet Haematology, Trotman et al found that 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron-emission tomography/low-dose computed tomography (PET-CT) provides improved prognostic information over conventional contrast-enhanced CT in assessment of response to first-line...
Dutch Study Finds No Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Mortality in 5-Year Survivors of DCIS
In a Dutch study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Boekel et al found no increase in risk of cardiovascular mortality among 5-year survivors of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) compared with the general population. Among DCIS patients, risk of cardiovascular events did not...
Chemoradiotherapy vs Radiotherapy Alone Linked to Increased Risk of Subsequent Malignancies in Long-Term Survivors of Hereditary Retinoblastoma
Increased risk of subsequent malignant neoplasms has been reported in hereditary retinoblastoma survivors after radiotherapy. In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Wong et al found that chemotherapy plus radiotherapy was associated with increased risk of subsequent malignant...
Reduced Local Recurrence With Intensity-Modulated vs External-Beam Radiation Therapy in Primary Soft-Tissue Sarcomas of the Extremity
There are no large-scale direct comparisons of outcomes with intensity-modulated radiation therapy vs conventional external-beam radiation therapy in patients with soft-tissue sarcoma of the extremity. In a single-institution experience reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Folkert et al at ...
Proposed Comorbidity-Age Index in Prognostic Model for Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Sorror et al found that a composite comorbidity-age index was better than age alone in predicting nonrelapse mortality and survival in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Study Details The study included data...
Cabozantinib Active in Pretreated Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
In a phase II expansion study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Smith et al found that the multikinase inhibitor cabozantinib (Cometriq) showed activity in previously treated metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Cabozantinib targets include VEGFR2 and MET kinases. Study...
Phase II Study Shows Activity of Hypoxia-Activated Alkylating Prodrug in Combination With Doxorubicin in Advanced Soft-Tissue Sarcoma
In a phase II study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Chawla et al found that the combination of a hypoxia-activated alkylating prodrug (TH-302) and doxorubicin was active in first-line treatment of advanced soft-tissue sarcoma. TH-302 is a prodrug of the cytotoxic alkylating agent...
Subclinical Peripheral Neuropathy Is Common in Treatment-Naive Multiple Myeloma Patients, Correlates With Decreased Fingertip Innervation Density
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Kosturakis et al found that the majority of patients with multiple myeloma had subclinical peripheral neuropathy prior to chemotherapy and that deficits corresponded with decreased fingertip innervation density. Study Details In the study,...
New ALK Inhibitor Alectinib Shows Activity vs Crizotinib-Resistant NSCLC
In the phase I portion of a phase I/II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Gadgeel et al found that the novel ALK inhibitor alectinib showed activity against systemic disease and brain metastases in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) resistant to the ALK inhibitor crizotinib...
Soy Intake May Adversely Affect Gene Expression in Early Breast Cancer
In a randomized study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Shike et al found that soy supplementation resulting in high genistein levels was associated with overexpression of the tumorigenic growth factor receptor FGFR2 and genes that drive cell cycle and proliferation...
European Phase III Trial Suggests Benefit of Thoracic Radiotherapy in Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer
In a European phase III trial reported in The Lancet, Slotman et al found benefits of thoracic radiotherapy in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer who had responded to chemotherapy and had received prophylactic cranial radiotherapy. Although thoracic radiotherapy did not...
