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Showing 7201 - 7250Intensive Follow-up Increases Surgical Treatment of Recurrence With Curative Intent in Colorectal Cancer
In a study (FACS trial) reported in JAMA, Primrose et al compared outcomes with intensive follow-up with carcinoembryonic antigen measurement (CEA), computed tomography (CT), both, or minimum follow-up after curative surgery for primary colorectal cancer. Intensive strategies resulted in a...
No Survival Benefit of Adjuvant 5-FU–Based Chemotherapy After Neoadjuvant Radiotherapy or Chemoradiation for Resectable Rectal Cancer
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Bosset et al, long-term results of the European Organisaton for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) trial 22921 indicate that adjuvant fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy after preoperative radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy does not affect...
Dermoscopy Shows Characteristics of Cutaneous Metastases of Visceral Cancers
In a case series reported in JAMA Dermatology, Chernoff et al found that dermoscopic identification of vascular structures in cutaneous nodules in patients with known cancer diagnosis should raise suspicion for cutaneous metastasis. Study Details In the study, high-quality dermoscopic images of...
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Plus Hypnosis Controls Fatigue in Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Radiotherapy
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Montgomery et al found that an intervention consisting of cognitive-behavioral therapy plus hypnosis produced better control of fatigue than supportive meetings with trained interventionists for women undergoing radiotherapy for breast...
Advanced Rai Stage Predicts Poor Outcome of Skin Cancer in CLL
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is associated with increased risk of skin cancer. In a study reported in JAMA Dermatology, Velez et al attempted to determine whether progression of CLL indicated by advanced Rai stage is associated with worse skin cancer outcomes. They found that risk of death...
Model of Individualized Estimates Shows Risk of Overdiagnosis in Screening-Detected Prostate Cancers Varies Widely by Age, PSA, and Gleason Score
It is estimated that overdiagnosis occurs in approximately 20% to 40% of prostate cancers detected at screening in U.S. men aged 50 to 84 years, with the likelihood of overdiagnosis varying widely according to patient age and tumor characteristics. In a study reported in the Journal of the...
11-Protein Signature Distinguishes Good and Poor Outcome in Node-Negative, Adjuvant Therapy–Naive, Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Liu et al performed global proteomic profiling in samples from patients with triple-negative breast cancer in an attempt to identify a risk signature. They identified a novel 11-protein signature that independently predicts...
One-Fifth of Hospitalizations for Patients With Gastrointestinal Cancer Considered Avoidable
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Brooks et al found that oncology clinicians considered 19% of hospitalizations for patients with gastrointestinal cancers to be avoidable. Study Details In the study, 201 sequential hospital admissions in 154 patients with gastrointestinal...
Afatinib Improves Progression-Free Survival vs Cisplatin/Gemcitabine in First-Line Treatment of Asian Patients With Advanced EGFR-Mutant NSCLC
Afatinib (Gilotrif) improves progression-free survival compared with pemetrexed (Alimta)/cisplatin in first-line treatment of patients with EGFR mutation–positive advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In the phase III LUX-Lung 6 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Wu ...
Pilot Study Shows Promise of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Without Routine Radiotherapy in Patients With Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy delays administration of optimal chemotherapy in stage II to III rectal cancer. In a pilot study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Schrag et al assessed outcomes with neoadjuvant FOLFOX (fluorouracil, leucovorin, oxaliplatin)/bevacizumab (Avastin) with...
Long-Term/High-Dose Use of ACE Inhibitors Associated With Reduced Colorectal Cancer Risk in Hypertensive Subjects
Preclinical data suggest a role of angiotensin II in colorectal cancer. In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Makar et al assessed whether use of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) treatment for hypertension was...
Addition of Nintedanib to Docetaxel Improves Progression-Free Survival as Second-Line Treatment in NSCLC
In a phase III trial (LUME-Lung 1) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Reck et al assessed the addition of nintedanib to docetaxel in second-line treatment of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The combination significantly improved progression-free survival in all patients and improved overall ...
Many Patients Have Some Pain 12 Months After Breast Cancer Surgery
In a prospective study reported as a research letter in JAMA, Meretoja et al found that 50% of patients had mild pain and 16% moderate or severe pain at 12 months after surgery for breast cancer. Factors predictive of pain were chronic preoperative pain, preoperative pain in the area of surgery,...
High Prevalence of Platinum-Related Hearing Loss in Children With High-Risk Neuroblastoma, With Differences According to Audiometry Scales
The reported prevalence of platinum-associated ototoxicity in children with high-risk neuroblastoma varies widely due to small patient samples and use of disparate grading scales. In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Landier et al in the Children’s Oncology Group assessed...
Adding Chemotherapy to Radiotherapy Does Not Appear to Affect Cognitive Function in Patients With Low-Grade Glioma
The addition of PCV (procarbazine [Matulane], lomustine [CeeNu], vincristine) chemotherapy to radiotherapy improves progression-free survival in patients with grade 2 glioma, but the potential effect of treatment intensification on cognitive function is a concern in this group of patients with good ...
Seven-Gene Score Incorporating Methylation and Expression Distinguishes AML Risk Groups
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Marcucci et al assessed whether including epigenetic changes—ie, DNA methylation—as molecular risk factors could improve risk stratification in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). They found that a seven-gene score integrating DNA...
Breast-Conservation Therapy Associated With Better Cancer-Specific Survival Than Mastectomy in Patients With Early-Stage Invasive Ductal Carcinoma
In a study reported in JAMA Surgery, Agarwal et al compared breast cancer–specific survival rates of patients with early-stage invasive ductal carcinoma undergoing breast-conservation therapy (lumpectomy followed by radiation), mastectomy alone, or mastectomy with radiation using the SEER...
MicroRNA Test Reduces False-Positive CT Screening Rate for Lung Cancer
Although recent data indicate that low-dose computed tomography (CT) reduces lung cancer mortality in high-risk patients, high false-positive rates, costs, and the potential for harm point out the need for biomarkers that can improve risk assessment. In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical...
Surgeon Experience Affects Likelihood of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Older Women With Breast Cancer
Sentinel lymph node biopsy is standard of care for axillary staging in clinically node-negative breast cancer, and underuse of sentinel lymph node biopsy could be associated with unnecessary axillary lymph node dissection and lymphedema. In a study reported in JAMA Surgery, Yen et al assessed the...
Both Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction and, More So, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Improve Insomnia in Cancer Patients
In a noninferiority trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Garland et al compared the effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction vs cognitive-behavioral therapy for treatment of insomnia in patients with cancer. They found that both techniques improved insomnia, with...
No Increased Risk of Local Recurrence After Breast-Conserving Surgery in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in Single-Center Study
Triple-negative breast cancer may be considered a relative contraindication to breast-conserving surgery. In a study reported in JAMA Surgery, Gangi et al from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles assessed outcomes in a large cohort of women undergoing breast-conserving surgery at their...
Superior Progression-Free Survival With Obinutuzumab/Chlorambucil vs Rituximab/Chlorambucil in Previously Untreated CLL With Coexisting Conditions
Obinutuzumab (Gazyva) is a glycoengineered type 2 anti-CD20 antibody that appears to exhibit increased activity against chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells (CLL), with increased antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and reduced complement-dependent cytotoxicity, compared with rituximab (Rituxan). ...
Smoking Prevalence Declines Among Health-Care Professionals
In a study reported as a research letter in JAMA, Sarna et al found that the prevalence of smoking among U.S. health-care professionals was 8.3% in 2010/2011, representing decreases of 23.4% since 2003 and 19.3% since 2006/2007. A previous study had shown no marked reduction in smoking rates among...
Quadrivalent HPV Vaccine Provides Poorer Protection in Women 18 and Older or With Abnormal Cytology
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Mahmud et al evaluated the effectiveness of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine against cervical dysplasia using population-based individual level data routinely collected in Manitoba. They found that a high proportion of...
Ibrutinib Promising as Initial Therapy for Elderly Patients With CLL in Phase IB/II Trial
Chemoimmunotherapy has produced improved response and survival in young patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), but its use in elderly patients has been limited by myelosuppression and infection. In a phase IB/II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, O’Brien et al assessed the use...
Short-Term Follow-up Reveals Suboptimal Pain Relief and Marked Pain Worsening in Ambulatory Cancer Patients
In an analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Zhao et al assessed factors associated with pain severity changes in ambulatory patients with solid tumors in the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group E2Z02 (Symptom Outcomes and Practice Patterns) trial. They found that approximately...
Nurse- and Gastroenterologist-Led Algorithm-Based Management Improve GI Symptoms After Pelvic Radiotherapy
In the ORBIT trial, reported in The Lancet, Andreyev et al compared outcomes with usual care, gastroenterologist-led algorithm-based management, and nurse-led algorithm-based management for patients with chronic gastrointestinal symptoms following pelvic radiotherapy for cancer. The findings...
Meta-Analysis Indicates No Reduction in Risk of Local or Distant Breast Cancer Recurrence With Preoperative Staging MRI
In an individual patient data meta-analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Houssami et al found that preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was not associated with differences in local recurrence or distant recurrence compared with conventional imaging in women with breast...
Chemotherapy Drug Shortages Threaten Quality of Treatment
Over the past several years, there have been recurring shortages of widely used generic chemotherapy agents in the United States. In a letter to The New England Journal of Medicine, Gogineni et al described a survey of U.S. oncologists regarding types and frequency of chemotherapy shortages and...
Web-Based Self-Care Support and Communication Coaching Program Reduces Symptom Distress in Cancer Patients
In the ESRA-CII trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Berry et al, patient use of a Web-based self-care program featuring tailored education and communication coaching resulted in significantly reduced symptom distress compared with symptom/quality-of-life tracking alone in patients ...
Half of Patients With Stage I Pediatric Malignant Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors Can Be Spared Chemotherapy After Initial Surgery With Surveillance Strategy
In a Children’s Oncology Group study (AGCT0132) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Billmire et al found that overall survival can be preserved in patients with stage I pediatric malignant ovarian germ cell tumor with a strategy of initial surveillance after surgical resection....
Good Results Using Loss of Major Molecular Response as Criterion for Restarting Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapy in CML
Many patients with chronic-phase chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in complete molecular response have molecular relapse after discontinuation of imatinib (Gleevec) treatment. In a French multicenter observational study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Rousselot et al assessed the...
No Benefit of Adding Tirapazamine to Cisplatin Chemoradiation in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer
In a phase III intergroup trial (Gynecologic Oncology Group Protocol 219) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, DiSilvestro et al in the Gynecologic Oncology Group and National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group evaluated the addition of the hypoxic cell sensitizer...
Higher Copayment Associated With Greater Discontinuation of and Nonadherence to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Treatment in CML
The availability of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib (Gleevec) has dramatically increased survival in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Nonadherence to therapy with imatinib and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors is associated with disease progression and treatment resistance. In a study reported ...
No Survival Benefit of Erlotinib in EGFR-Unselected Patients With Nonprogressing Ovarian Cancer After Platinum Therapy
EGFR is overexpressed in the majority of advanced epithelial ovarian carcinomas, and there is evidence indicating that overexpression is associated with poorer prognosis. In a phase III European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC)-Gynaecological Cancer Group and Gynecologic...
Renal Cell Carcinoma Onset at ≤ 46 Years Could Serve as Marker for Genetic Testing
Approximately 5% to 8% of renal cell carcinoma cases are hereditary, and there are no guidelines for patient selection for germline mutation testing in this disease. In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Shuch et al from the National Cancer Institute assessed whether age at onset ...
Most Physicians Would Enroll in Hospice If They Were Terminally Ill With Cancer, Study Finds
In a research letter published in JAMA Internal Medicine, Chinn et al surveyed physicians’ attitudes towards hospice treatment if they were terminally ill with cancer and assessed how physician preferences might affect timing of hospice discussions with their terminally ill patients. They...
Matched-Pairs Analysis Shows Better Survival With Allogeneic Transplantation vs Conventional Chemotherapy in Postremission Therapy for AML
In a prospective matched-pairs analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Stelljes et al in the German AML Cooperative Group compared outcomes with allogeneic stem cell transplantation vs conventional postremission chemotherapy in patients aged < 60 years with acute myeloid leukemia...
Single Fractions of Radiation for Painful Bone Metastases May Be Noninferior to Multiple Fractions
Optimal dose fractionation for radiation therapy of painful bone metastases from multiple primary sites remains undefined. In a phase III noninferiority trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Chow et al compared 8 Gy in a single fraction vs 20 Gy in multiple fractions in patients with painful bone...
No Survival Difference for Autologous vs Reduced-Intensity Conditioning Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant in Chemotherapy-Sensitive Mantle Cell Lymphoma
In an analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Fenske et al compared outcomes with early or late autologous vs reduced-intensity conditioning allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a population of patients with chemotherapy-sensitive mantle cell lymphoma. They found no...
Phase II Pilot Study Does Not Support Phase III Investigation of IV High-Dose Interferon Without Maintenance in Resected Melanoma
There is evidence that high-dose interferon alfa-2b consisting of 4 weeks of daily intravenous interferon alfa-2b followed by 48 weeks of subcutaneous maintenance interferon alfa-2b three times per week reduces risk of recurrence of resected melanoma and that response may depend on the early...
Study Evaluates Risk of Depression by Race and Sex Among Patients With Newly Diagnosed Lung Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Traeger et al evaluated risk of depression symptoms and psychosocial service use by race and sex among patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer. The investigators found that black men have the highest prevalence of depressive symptoms, white ...
No Difference for Aprepitant vs Dexamethasone for Chemotherapy-Induced Delayed Emesis in Patients With Breast Cancer
In a phase III study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Roila et al compared aprepitant vs dexamethasone in prevention of delayed emesis in breast cancer patients treated with anthracycline/cyclophosphamide who had received palonosetron/aprepitant/dexamethasone prophylaxis for acute...
Imiquimod 5% Cream Inferior to Surgical Excision in Nodular and Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma
In a noninferiority trial (SINS) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Bath-Hextall et al compared imiquimod 5% cream vs surgical excision for nodular and superficial basal cell carcinomas. Imiquimod cream was found to be inferior to surgical excision, but it may have a role in treatment of low-risk...
Neoadjuvant Paclitaxel Before Anthracycline Improves Response in High-Risk Early Breast Cancer
In a phase III 2×2 factorial trial (Neo-tAnGo) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Earl et al compared neoadjuvant therapy with epirubicin/cyclophosphamide followed by paclitaxel with or without gemcitabine vs paclitaxel with or without gemcitabine followed by epirubicin/cyclophosphamide in ...
Oral Ibandronic Acid Is Not Noninferior to IV Zoledronic Acid in Preventing Skeletal-Related Events in Patients With Breast Cancer
In a phase III noninferiority trial (ZICE) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Barrett-Lee et al compared oral ibandronic acid vs intravenous zoledronic acid in treatment of bone metastases from breast cancer. The study showed that ibandronic acid was not noninferior to zoledronic acid in preventing...
Sustained Complete Responses With Novel Immunotherapy in Lymphoma
Approximately 40% of patients with Hodgkin or non-Hodgkin lymphoma have tumor cells that express the type II latency Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antigens latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) and LMP2. T cells specific for these antigens are present in low levels and may be rendered nonreactive by the...
Low-Dose CT Screening May Result in Overdiagnosis of Lung Cancer
In a study reported in JAMA Internal Medicine, Patz et al of the NLST Overdiagnosis Manuscript Writing Team estimated the magnitude of overdiagnosis using low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening for lung cancer in the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST). They estimated that more than 18% of...
Anti–PD-1 Antibody Pidilizumab Plus Rituximab Shows High Activity in Relapsed Follicular Lymphoma
Antitumor immune responses may be inhibited by immune checkpoints in the tumor microenvironment including effects of PD-1 (programmed cell death 1), a co-inhibitory receptor on tumor T cells that impairs T-cell function. In a phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Westin et al assessed the ...
No Survival Benefit for Tecemotide After Chemoradiotherapy in Stage III NSCLC
In the phase III START trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Butts et al assessed whether maintenance treatment with the MUC1 antigen–specific immunotherapy tecemotide could prolong overall survival in patients with unresectable stage III non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who had...
