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Showing 5501 - 5550Large Study Shows That Radiation Therapy for DCIS May Not Increase Cardiovascular Disease Risk
A large population-based study in the Netherlands found that women who had received radiation therapy to treat ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast (DCIS) have no increased risk of cardiovascular disease compared to the general population of Dutch women, nor compared to DCIS patients treated with ...
Survival Trend With Palliative FOLFOX4 vs Doxorubicin in Asian Patients With Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Shukui Qin, MD, of People’s Liberation Army Cancer Centre, Bayi Hospital, in Nanjing, and colleagues compared FOLFOX4 (infusional fluorouracil [5-FU], leucovorin, and oxaliplatin) with doxorubicin as palliative chemotherapy in patients with ...
No Apparent Benefit of Adjuvant Gefitinib in Resected NSCLC in Prematurely Closed Trial
As reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology by Glenwood D. Goss, MD, of the Ottawa Hospital Cancer Center, and colleagues, the prematurely closed NCIC CTG BR19 study showed no apparent survival benefit of adjuvant gefitinib (Iressa) vs placebo in patients with completely resected non–small...
Germline Missense Mutations in BTNL2 Increase Susceptibility to Prostate Cancer
A team of researchers led by Janet Stanford, PhD, of Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center has discovered that mutations in the gene BTNL2, which encodes a protein involved in regulating T-cell proliferation and cytokine production—both of which impact immune function—increase the risk ...
No Survival Benefit of Adjuvant Ibandronate in High-Risk Early Breast Cancer
The effect of bisphosphonate treatment in early breast cancer is controversial, with some data indicating survival benefit in the adjuvant setting. In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Gunter von Minckwitz, MD, of the German Breast Group in Neu-Isenberg and colleagues compared...
No Overall Survival Benefit With Brivanib in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients After Sorafenib Failure or Intolerance
The investigational agent brivanib is a selective dual inhibitor of VEGF and fibroblast growth factor receptors, both implicated in hepatocellular carcinoma. In a trial (BRISK-PS) reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Josep M. Llovet, MD, of the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New...
First-Line Brivanib Not Noninferior to Sorafenib in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
The investigational drug brivanib is a dual inhibitor of VEGF and fibroblast growth factor signaling, both implicated in hepatocellular carcinoma. In a noninferiority trial (BRISK-FL) reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Philip J. Johnson, MD, of the Institute of Translational Medicine,...
Study Compares Rituximab Maintenance to Observation After First-Line Treatment in Older Patients With Advanced Follicular Lymphoma
In an Italian study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Umberto Vitolo, MD, and colleagues in the Fondazione Italiana Linfomi, treatment-naive patients aged > 60 years with advanced follicular lymphoma were randomized to rituximab [Rituxan] maintenance or observation after brief ...
Danish Study Evaluates Risk of Mental Disorders in Siblings of Childhood Cancer Survivors
Survivors of childhood cancer are at risk for long-term adverse physical and mental effects, but little is known about the effects of illness in siblings of these patients. In a study reported in Lancet Oncology, Lasse Wegener Lund, MD, of the Danish Cancer Society Research Centre in...
In International Study, Patients Prefer Subcutaneous Over Intravenous Trastuzumab for Breast Cancer
Subcutaneous trastuzumab (not available in the United States) has been shown to have noninferior efficacy and similar pharmacokinetic and safety profiles compared with intravenous trastuzumab (Herceptin) in patients with early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer. In the PrefHer trial reported in...
Chinese Study Shows Icotinib Noninferior to Gefitinib in Advanced NSCLC
In the noninferiority ICOGEN trial reported in Lancet Oncology, Yuankai Shi, MD, of the Key Laboratory of Clinical Study on Anticancer Molecular Targeted Drugs. Beijing, and colleagues compared the oral epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor icotinib with gefitinib...
Panobinostat Combined With Bortezomib and Dexamethasone Can Recapture Responses in Heavily Pretreated Patients With Multiple Myeloma
The combination of the investigational histone deacetylase inhibitor panobinostat (Faridak) with bortezomib (Velcade) and dexamethasone was able to recapture responses in 34.5% of heavily pretreated, bortezomib-refractory patients with multiple myeloma in the phase II PANORAMA 2 trial. The 55...
NSABP B-38 Trial Shows No Benefit of Adding Fourth Drug to Standard Adjuvant Treatment in Women With Node-Positive Breast Cancer
Anthracycline- and taxane-based three-drug chemotherapy regimens have proven benefit as adjuvant therapy for early-stage breast cancer. As reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology by Sandra M. Swain, MD, FACP, of Washington Cancer Institute–MedStar Washington Hospital Center, and colleagues,...
Multicenter Trial Finds BI-RADS 3 Breast Lesions Have Low Cancer Rate
Based on data from a multisite imaging trial involving more than 2,600 women, researchers say breast lesions categorized as “probably benign” on supplemental screening ultrasound could be reevaluated with imaging in 12 months, reducing patient anxiety, follow-up exams, and unnecessary...
Certain Major Birth Defects Associated With Moderately Increased Cancer Risk in Children
A multistate study led by researchers at the University of Utah has revealed that the risk for childhood cancer is moderately increased among children and young adolescents with certain types of major birth defects. Children born with nonchromosomal birth defects have a two-fold higher risk of...
Carbon Ion Radiotherapy Safe and Effective for Treating Inoperable Spinal Tumors
A new analysis has found that a type of radiation therapy called carbon ion radiotherapy can control cancer growth and prolong survival in patients with spinal tumors. The study, published online in Cancer, indicates that the treatment is a promising alternative for patients whose spinal tumors...
Researchers Identify Origin of Inflammation-Driven Pancreatic Cancer
Researchers at Mayo Clinic in Florida have revealed the process by which pancreatitis—chronic inflammation of the pancreas—morphs into pancreatic cancer. They say their findings point to ways to identify pancreatitis patients at risk of pancreatic cancer and to potential drug therapies...
Omega-3 Fatty Acids May Aid in Treatment and Prevention of Skin and Oral Cancers
Omega-3 fatty acids, contained in oily fish such as salmon and trout, selectively inhibit growth and induce cell death in early- and late-stage oral and skin squamous cell carcinomas, according to new research from scientists at Queen Mary, University of London. The findings were published online...
FDA Warns of Rare but Serious Skin Reactions with Acetaminophen
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is informing the public that acetaminophen has been associated with a risk of rare but serious skin reactions. These skin reactions, known as Stevens-Johnson Syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, and acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis, can...
Lenalidomide plus Dexamethasone Delays Progression and Improves Survival in High-risk Smoldering Multiple Myeloma
In a study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, María-Victoria Mateos, MD, PhD, of the Universidad de Salamanca, and colleagues compared induction lenalidomide (Revlimid) plus dexamethasone followed by maintenance lenalidomide with observation in patients with high-risk...
No Benefit of Adding Atrasentan to Docetaxel in Advanced Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
The endothelin pathway has a role in bone metastases, which are characteristic of advanced prostate cancer, and the investigational endothelin receptor antagonist atrasentan has shown activity in prostate cancer. In the SWOG S0421 trial reported in Lancet Oncology by David I. Quinn, FRACP, of...
FDA Limits Usage of Oral Ketoconazole Due to Potentially Fatal Liver Damage
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced today that oral ketoconazole should not be used as first-line treatment for any fungal infection and should only be used for the treatment of endemic mycoses when alternative antifungal therapies are not available or tolerated. The use of...
Large Study Reveals Increased Cancer Risks Associated with Family History of the Disease
A family history of cancer increases the risk of other members of the family developing not only the same, or concordant, cancer but also a different, or discordant, cancer, according to a large study of 23,000 people in Italy and Switzerland. The study, published in Annals of Oncology, provides a...
New Biomarker for Colorectal Cancer Could Help Predict Whether Disease Will Spread
Scientists have identified a protein that could play a crucial role in recognizing whether patients with colorectal cancer are candidates for chemotherapy due to a high risk of their cancer spreading, according to a new study published in the British Journal of Cancer. Scientists at the University...
AACR Warns That Diminished NIH Funding Jeopardizes Ability to Eradicate Cancer Health Disparities
This afternoon, the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) hosted a congressional briefing to highlight the significance of federally funded biomedical research in improving our understanding of cancer health disparities and developing targeted interventions to eliminate them. The...
Study Reveals Best of Three Schedules of Nab-paclitaxel/Bevacizumab in Metastatic Breast Cancer
In a phase II study evaluating three dosing regimens of nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab)-paclitaxel (Abraxane) given with bevacizumab (Avastin), weekly dosing of nab-paclitaxel resulted in the highest overall response rate and longest progression-free survival. The schedule of nab-paclitaxel given...
Adenovirus-mediated Gene Therapy with Sitimagene Ceradenovec Prolongs Median Time to Death or Reintervention in Adult Glioblastoma
In an open-label phase III trial (ASPECT) reported in Lancet Oncology, Manfred Westphal, MD, of University Hospital Eppendorf in Hamburg, and colleagues assessed the effects of locally applied adenovirus-mediated gene therapy with sitimagene ceradenovec followed by intravenous ganciclovir after...
Significant Improvement in Overall Survival Seen with Pemetrexed Maintenance after Pemetrexed/Cisplatin Induction in Patients with Advanced NSCLC
In the phase III PARAMOUNT trial, pemetrexed (Alimta) continuation maintenance therapy significantly reduced the risk of disease progression by 38% compared with placebo after pemetrexed/cisplatin induction in patients with advanced nonsquamous non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Final...
Critical Pathway in Cell Cycle May Lead to Cancer Development
A team of scientists at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies has identified why disruption of a vital pathway in cell cycle control leads to the proliferation of cancer cells. Their findings on telomeres, published today in Molecular Cell, suggest a potential target for preventive measures...
Factors Influencing Delay in Breast Cancer Treatment Differ for African American and White Women
Different factors influence delay between diagnosis and first course of treatment for breast cancer for African American and white women, according to a recently published study in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. The study used data from the Carolina Breast Cancer Study (CBCS)...
Afatinib Prolongs Progression-free Survival Compared with Cisplatin plus Pemetrexed in EGFR-mutant Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma
Afatinib is an oral selective ErbB family inhibitor that irreversibly blocks signaling from EGFR/ErbB1, HER2/ErbB2, and ErbB4 and has exhibited broad-spectrum activity against EGFR mutations in preclinical studies. A phase II study of afatinib in EGFR-mutation positive lung adenocarcinoma showed...
Bladder-sparing Trimodal Chemotherapy Produces Good Response in Patients with Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer
In a phase II study reported in Lancet Oncology, Timur Mitin, MD, of Massachusetts General Hospital, and colleagues assessed the effects of adding paclitaxel or fluorouracil (5-FU) to radiation therapy plus cisplatin followed by adjuvant chemotherapy in a program of selected bladder preservation in ...
Height Differences May Explain Excess Cancer Risk for Men
Most cancers occur more frequently in men than in women and greater height has been associated with increased risk for some cancers. In a study reported in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Roland B. Walter, MD, PhD, of the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, and colleagues found that...
WHO Tobacco Control Policies Estimated to Prevent 7.4 Million Premature Deaths by 2050
Tobacco control measures put in place in 41 countries between 2007 and 2010 are predicted to prevent an estimated 7.4 million premature deaths by 2050, according to a study published in the July issue of the Bulletin of the World Health Organization. The study is one of the first to ...
BTK Inhibitor Ibrutinib Produces High Response Rate in Relapsed/Refractory Mantle Cell Lymphoma
Ibrutinib is a first-in-class oral covalent inhibitor of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK), a mediator of the B-cell receptor signaling pathway implicated in the pathogenesis of B-cell cancers. As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Michael L. Wang, MD, of The University...
High Rate of Durable Remissions with BTK Inhibitor Ibrutinib in Patients with Relapsed Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Durable remissions are uncommon with current treatments for relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) is an essential component of B-cell receptor signaling that mediates interactions with the tumor microenvironment and promotes survival and proliferation of...
Investigators Identify Promising Biomarker for Predicting HPV-related Oropharyngeal Cancer
Researchers have found that antibodies against the human papillomavirus (HPV) may help identify individuals who are at greatly increased risk of HPV-related cancer of the oropharynx, In their study, at least one in three individuals with oropharyngeal cancer had antibodies to HPV, compared to...
Deep Sequencing Accurately Predicts Prolonged Survival in Multiple Myeloma Patients
A study by the Spanish Myeloma Group comparing the prognostic value of traditional response criteria and minimal residual disease measurement in patients with multiple myeloma found that a sequencing-based method called LymphoSIGHT and multiparameter flow cytometry analysis both accurately...
First-line Carboplatin plus Pemetrexed Improves Survival vs Pemetrexed Alone in Patients with Advanced NSCLC and Poor Performance Status
A significant proportion of patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have poor performance status, and optimal clinical management of these patients has not been established. In an attempt to help define optimal chemotherapy in such patients, Mauro Zukin, MD, of Instituto...
Mortality Appears to be Higher for Patients with Thicker Single Primary Melanomas than for Thicker Multiple Primary Melanomas
Although overall mortality rates due to single primary melanomas and multiple primary melanomas appear to be similar, relative mortality for thicker single primary melanomas appears to be greater than that for thicker multiple primary melanomas, according to a study by Anne Kricker, PhD, of the...
Novel Selective ALK Inhibitor Demonstrates Good Activity in Advanced NSCLC
Crizotinib (Xalkori), a multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is the only agent currently available for treating ALK-rearranged non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). CH5424802 is a novel selective oral ALK inhibitor with activity in tumor cell lines harboring ALK alterations,...
ASCO 2013: Genomic Heterogeneity Can Lead to the Selection of ‘Incorrect’ Targeted Inhibitors
Genomic heterogeneity within tumors and among lesions varies widely, and “discordance among lesions could lead to the selection of the ‘incorrect’ targeted inhibitor,” according to David B. Solit, MD, of Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, who spoke at the ASCO/American...
NCI Will No Longer Accept R01 and P01 Applications for Phase III Clinical Trials of Medical Interventions and Cancer Imaging Modalities
The National Cancer Institute (NCI) has announced that it will no longer accept investigator-initiated R01 and P01 applications that propose phase III clinical trials for cancer-related medical interventions or cancer imaging modalities. The policy change takes effect starting with the due date of...
Trebananib plus Paclitaxel Significantly Delays Disease Progression in Patients with Recurrent Ovarian Cancer
In a phase III trial, treatment with the investigational agent trebananib plus paclitaxel resulted in a statistically significant improvement in progression-free survival in patients with recurrent ovarian cancer, according to Amgen. Trebananib is an investigational peptibody designed to inhibit...
Younger Age Does Not Significantly Impact Recurrence or Benefit from Trastuzumab in Early-stage HER2-positive Breast Cancer
Available data suggest that younger age is an independent risk factor for disease recurrence and death in women with breast cancer. However, there has not been adequate study of the interaction of age with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status or anti-HER2 treatment. In an analysis ...
National Institutes of Health Issues Projected Impact of Sequestration on Programs
Earlier this month, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) released its updated projections of reductions in programs due to the deficit-budget mechanism known as sequestration, which took effect on March 1, 2013. The sequestration law requires NIH to cut 5%, or $1.55 billion, of its fiscal year...
ASCO 2013: Novel Heat Shock Protein Inhibitor Effective in Combination with Docetaxel as Second-line Therapy for Advanced Lung Cancer
A large randomized phase II study, GALAXY-1, found that a novel heat shock protein (Hsp) 90 inhibitor, ganetespib, when combined with docetaxel in second-line therapy, leads to longer overall survival compared to standard second-line docetaxel alone in patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma...
ASCO 2013: Weekly Paclitaxel Is Less Toxic but as Effective for Women with Higher-risk Early-stage Breast Cancer
Low-dose weekly administration of paclitaxel resulted in equal progression-free survival but reduced overall toxicity compared to every-2-week dose-dense administration for women with higher-risk early-stage breast cancer who have undergone surgery, according to a phase III randomized trial....
ASCO 2013: Adapting to Ongoing Shortages of Common Cancer Drugs
A survey of 214 U.S. oncologists and hematologists found that more than 80% encountered cancer drug shortages between March and September of 2012, and many reported that shortages affected the quality of patient care they were able to provide. As physicians were forced to substitute more expensive...
ASCO 2013: Cervical Cancer Screening Using Visual Inspection with Vinegar Reduces Mortality by 31% in Large Study in India
Cervical cancer mortality was reduced by 31% over a period of 15 years among women screened with biennial visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), or vinegar, delivered by primary health workers in a large randomized study conducted among 150,000 women in India. The researchers estimate this...
