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Showing 4901 - 4950Use of ‘Triggers’ for Palliative Care Consultation on Solid Tumor Oncology Service
In a study reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Adelson et al found that using standardized criteria for palliative care consultation on a solid tumor oncology service resulted in increased hospice referral and reduced rates of hospital readmission and chemotherapy use after discharge....
Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy vs Total Abdominal Hysterectomy for Stage I Endometrial Cancer
A multinational equivalence trial has shown no difference in disease-free survival with total laparoscopic hysterectomy vs total abdominal hysterectomy in women with treatment-naive stage I endometrial cancer. The findings were reported by Janda et al in JAMA. Study Details In the trial, 760...
Pembrolizumab in Platinum- and Cetuximab-Refractory Head and Neck Cancer
In the phase II KEYNOTE-055 trial, pembrolizumab (Keytruda) was found to produce durable responses in patients with platinum- and cetuximab (Erbitux)-refractory head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Results of the trial were reported by Bauml et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology....
Mercaptopurine Ingestion Habits and Risk of Relapse in Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
In a report from the Children’s Oncology Group Study AALL03N1 published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Landier et al found no association between oral mercaptopurine ingestion habits in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and risk of relapse after adjustment for medication...
Ado-trastuzumab Emtansine vs Taxane in HER2-Positive Advanced Gastric Cancer
The adaptive phase II/III GATSBY trial has shown no survival difference between ado-trastuzumab emtansine (Kadcyla) vs taxane treatment in patients with previously treated locally advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma. Results were reported by Thuss-Patience et...
Effect of Vitamin D and Calcium Supplementation on Cancer Incidence in Postmenopausal Women
In a population-based trial reported in JAMA, Lappe et al found that dietary supplementation with vitamin D3 and calcium did not significantly reduce the incidence of all cancers over 4 years among postmenopausal women aged ≥ 55 years. Study Details In the double-blind trial, 2,303 healthy...
Survival in Advanced Melanoma With Ipilimumab at 10 mg/kg vs 3 mg/kg
In a phase III trial reported by Ascierto et al in The Lancet Oncology, treatment with ipilimumab (Yervoy) at 10 mg/kg vs 3 mg/kg resulted in improved overall survival in patients with advanced unresectable or metastatic melanoma. As noted by the investigators, although options for first-line...
Pediatric Oncology Patient and Parent Attitudes on Early Palliative Care Integration
Few pediatric oncology patients or their parents expressed negative attitudes toward early integration of palliative care during cancer treatment, according to a study by Levine et al reported in JAMA Oncology. Study Details The study involved completion of surveys by 129 patient-parent dyads...
Anti–Trop-2 Antibody Drug Conjugate in Heavily Pretreated Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Bardia et al, the anti–Trop-2 antibody drug conjugate sacituzumab govitecan has been found to produce durable responses in patients with heavily pretreated metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. Trop-2, a glycoprotein initially identified ...
Pembrolizumab in PD-L1–Positive Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
In an interim analysis of the phase IB KEYNOTE-028 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Alley et al found that pembrolizumab (Keytruda) treatment produced durable responses in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Study Details The current report involves 25 patients with previously...
Assessment of Immunohistochemistry Assays for PD-L1 Expression in NSCLC
In a study of four immunohistochemistry programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression assays registered with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), scoring was highly concordant for expression in tumor cells but poorly concordant for scoring in immune cells in non–small cell lung...
Intestinal Microbiota and Relapse After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
A retrospective study has shown that the presence and abundance of a particular bacterial group in the intestinal microbiota are associated with a significantly lower risk of relapse or disease progression after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. The findings were reported by Peled et...
Interleukin-15 Levels Associated With Lymphoma Response to CAR T-Cell Treatment
As reported by Kochenderfer et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, remission in patients with advanced lymphoma induced by treatment with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells targeting CD19 (CAR-19) is associated with elevated serum interleukin-15 (IL-15) levels. Study Details The study...
Effect of Polypharmacy on Adherence to Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy for Breast Cancer
In a retrospective cohort study reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Calip et al found that polypharmacy overall was associated with increased adherence to adjuvant endocrine therapy for breast cancer. However, frequent use of some medication classes was associated with decreased...
3-Year Follow-up of Japanese Trial of Alectinib in ALK-Positive NSCLC
Promising 3-year outcomes were found in patients from a Japanese phase I/II study of alectinib (Alecensa) in previously treated patients with ALK-positive non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The findings were reported by Tamura et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. Study Details In the ...
Hypofractionated vs Conventional Radiotherapy for Localized Prostate Cancer
Hypofractionated radiotherapy was noninferior to standard radiotherapy in biochemical-clinical failure disease-free survival in men with localized prostate cancer, according to a study reported by Catton et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. Study Details In the trial, 1,206 patients with...
Impact of 70-Gene Signature on Adjuvant Chemotherapy Decisions in Breast Cancer
In a Dutch observational study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Kuijer et al found that use of the MammaPrint 70-gene signature (70-GS) test changed physician-intended recommendations to administer adjuvant chemotherapy in half of patients with early-stage estrogen...
Analysis of High-Risk Subgroup in ASSURE Trial of Sunitinib or Sorafenib in Renal Cell Carcinoma
In an analysis of the phase III ASSURE trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Haas et al found no disease-free or overall survival benefit of adjuvant sunitinib (Sutent) or sorafenib (Nexavar) vs placebo in a high-risk subset of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma histology and pT3, pT4, or...
Mammography-Detected Small Breast Cancers May Represent Overdiagnosis, With Declining Mortality Reflecting Improved Systemic Therapy
In a study using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, H. Gilbert Welch, MD, of Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, and colleagues found that screening mammography has resulted in a substantial increase in...
Delays in Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer in Insured and Indigent Populations
In a study reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Thomas et al found that interruption of radiotherapy for head and neck cancer was more frequent and treatment outcomes were poorer among indigent populations vs commercially or Medicare-insured populations within a single academic health...
Celecoxib or Celecoxib/Zoledronic Acid in Men Initiating Hormone Therapy for Prostate Cancer
As reported by Mason et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, long-term survival results of the UK-based, multiarm, multistage platform–design STAMPEDE trial showed no survival benefit with the addition of celecoxib or celecoxib plus zoledronic acid in men initiating long-term hormone...
Adding Bortezomib to Lenalidomide/Dexamethasone Improves Survival in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma
In the phase III SWOG S0777 trial reported in The Lancet, Brian G.M. Durie, MD, of Cedars-Sinai Samuel Oschin Cancer Center, and colleagues found that adding bortezomib (Velcade) to lenalidomide (Revlimid)/dexamethasone improved progression-free and overall survival in patients with newly...
Markedly Improved Progression-Free Survival With First-Line Ceritinib vs Platinum Chemotherapy in ALK-Rearranged NSCLC
In the phase III ASCEND-4 trial reported in The Lancet, Jean-Charles Soria, MD, of Institut Gustave Roussy, and colleagues found that ceritinib (Zykadia) improved progression-free survival vs platinum-based chemotherapy in the first-line treatment of advanced anaplastic lymphoma kinase...
Multikinase Inhibitor Treatment Responses in Patients With RET-Rearranged NSCLC
In a report from the Global, Multicenter RET Registry in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Gautschi et al documented response rates with multikinase RET inhibitors in patients with RET-rearranged non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Study Details The study involved registry data (through...
Suboptimal BMD Evaluation in Postmenopausal Women With Early-Stage Breast Cancer Receiving Aromatase Inhibitors
In a study reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Stratton et al found that most postmenopausal Medicare patients with early-stage breast cancer receiving aromatase inhibitor therapy do not receive recommended bone mineral density (BMD) measurements. Most expert panels recommend BMD...
Adding Vandetanib to Gemcitabine in Locally Advanced or Metastatic Pancreatic Carcinoma
In a UK phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Middleton et al found that adding the multi–tyrosine kinase inhibitor vandetanib (Caprelsa) to gemcitabine did not improve overall survival in patients with previously untreated locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic carcinoma. Study ...
Risk of Second Cancer in Hodgkin Lymphoma Survivors
In a study in the Swedish population reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Sud et al found an increased risk of second cancers in survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma. Risk was further augmented in those with first-degree relatives with a cancer diagnosis. Study Details The study used data from...
Testosterone Replacement Therapy and Risk of Prostate Cancer
In a Swedish study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Loeb et al found that use of testosterone replacement therapy was not associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer and was associated with a lower risk of aggressive cancer among men developing the disease. Study Details The ...
Japanese Phase II Trial of Nivolumab in Previously Treated Advanced Esophageal Cancer
In a Japanese phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Kudo et al found that nivolumab (Opdivo) had activity in heavily pretreated patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Study Details In the study, with enrollment between February and November 2014, 65 patients...
Association of Metformin Use for Diabetes With Outcomes in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
In an analysis from the phase III ALTTO trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Sonnenblick et al found that among patients receiving adjuvant therapy for HER2-positive breast cancer, those with diabetes who received metformin had better outcomes than those who did not receive...
Dexamethasone Mouthwash in Preventing Everolimus-Related Stomatitis in Women With Breast Cancer
In the phase II SWISH study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Rugo et al found that use of a dexamethasone-based mouthwash may prevent everolimus-related stomatitis in postmenopausal women receiving everolimus (Afinitor) for hormone receptor–positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer....
Belgian Study Combines BRAF and MEK Inhibition in Advanced BRAF 600–Mutant Melanoma
In a Belgian two-center phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Schreuer et al found that rechallenge with the BRAF inhibitor dabrafenib (Tafinlar) and the MEK inhibitor trametinib (Mekinist) showed activity in patients with BRAF V600–mutant melanoma whose disease had progressed on...
Adding Temozolomide to Short-Course Radiotherapy in Older Patients With Glioblastoma
In a phase III trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Perry et al found that adding temozolomide to short-course radiotherapy improved overall survival in patients aged ≥ 65 years with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. The survival advantage was largest among patients with methylated ...
Common Genetic Variation and Risk of Gallbladder Cancer in India
Several single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the chromosomal region containing both ABCB1 and ABCB4 genes were associated with an increased risk of gallbladder cancer, in an Indian case-control genome-wide association study reported in The Lancet Oncology by Mhatre et al. Study Details The study...
Antisense Oligonucleotide Custirsen Combined With Docetaxel and Prednisone in Metastatic Prostate Cancer
In the phase III SYNERGY trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Chi et al found that the addition of the second-generation antisense oligonucleotide custirsen to docetaxel and prednisone did not improve overall survival in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Custirsen...
Association of DNA Thioguanine Nucleotide Concentration and Outcome During Maintenance Therapy for Childhood ALL
In a substudy of a European phase III trial (Nordic Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology ALL2008) reported in The Lancet Oncology, Nygaard Nielsen et al found that higher leukocyte DNA-incorporated thioguanine nucleotide (DNA-TGN) levels were associated with an improved relapse-free...
Busulfan and Melphalan vs Carboplatin, Etoposide, and Melphalan in High-Risk Neuroblastoma
In a phase III trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Ladenstein et al found that high-dose chemotherapy with busulfan and melphalan vs carboplatin, etoposide, and melphalan was associated with an improved event-free survival in patients with high-risk neuroblastoma and adequate disease response to ...
Factors Associated With Early Death in Childhood Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Green et al found that risk factors for death within 1 month of diagnosis of childhood cancer included age up to 1 year, specific diagnoses, and minority race/ethnicity. The study involved analysis of data from SEER (Surveillance,...
Cancer Care Ontario and ASCO Clinical Practice Guideline: Use of Adjuvant Bisphosphonates and Other Bone-Modifying Agents in Breast Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Dhesy-Thind, ofJuravinski Cancer Centre, Hamilton Health Sciences, and colleagues, Cancer Care Ontario and ASCO have issued a clinical practice guideline on the use of adjuvant bisphosphonates and other bone-modifying agents in breast cancer. The...
Benefit of Imatinib in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Persists Long Term in IRIS Trial
Long-term follow-up of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) randomized to imatinib in the IRIS trial was reported by Hochhaus et al in The New England Journal of Medicine. In the open-label crossover-design trial, 1,106 patients with CML were randomized to receive imatinib at 400 mg/d (n = ...
European Cohort Study of Vasectomy and Prostate Cancer Risk
In a large European cohort study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Smith Byrne et al found that vasectomy was not associated with an increased overall risk of prostate cancer or death from prostate cancer but appeared to increase the risk of lower-grade disease. Other studies have...
Binimetinib vs Dacarbazine: Which Was More Effective in NRAS-Mutant Melanoma?
In the phase III NEMO trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Dummer et al found that treatment with the MEK inhibitor binimetinib improved progression-free survival vs dacarbazine in patients with advanced NRAS-mutant melanoma. Study Details In the open-label trial, 402 patients from 118 sites in ...
Evidence of Stage Shift in Ovarian Cancer Detected in UK Screening Study
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Rosenthal et al found evidence of a shift to an earlier stage among ovarian cancers detected in high-risk women in the UK Familial Ovarian Cancer Screening Study. Study Details The study was performed to evaluate performance of screening using...
Blinatumomab vs Chemotherapy in Advanced Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
In the phase III TOWER trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Kantarjian et al found that blinatumomab (Blincyto) treatment improved overall survival vs chemotherapy in heavily pretreated patients with B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Blinatumomab received...
Use of Evidence-Based Prostate Cancer Imaging in an Integrated Health-Care System
In a study reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Salloum et al found that use of nonindicated imaging for diagnostic staging of low-risk prostate cancer in a nonprofit integrated health-care system remained common but has decreased in frequency. As noted by the authors: “The overuse...
Dutch Study Examines Effect of Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Sexual Functioning in Breast Cancer Survivors
In a Dutch study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Hummel et al found that use of an Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy intervention improved sexual functioning among breast cancer survivors. Study Details In the study, 169 women with a diagnosis of sexual dysfunction from 10 ...
UK Trial Shows No Survival Benefit in Adding Pravastatin to Standard Chemotherapy in Small Cell Lung Cancer
In the UK phase III LUNGSTAR study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Seckl et al found that adding pravastatin to first-line standard chemotherapy did not improve overall survival in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Numerous large prospective cohort and registry studies...
Ibrutinib in Marginal Zone Lymphoma
On January 19, ibrutinib (Imbruvica) was granted accelerated approved for treatment of patients with marginal zone lymphoma who require systemic therapy and have received at least one prior anti-CD20–based therapy.1 Supporting Efficacy Data Approval was based on overall response rate in a...
Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy in Pediatric Extracranial Malignant Germ Cell Tumors
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Shaikh et al, of the Children’s Oncology Group, found that event-free survival rates were not maintained with the use of reduced and compressed cisplatin-based regimens in children and adolescents with intermediate-risk extracranial...
Osimertinib in EGFR Inhibitor–Pretreated T790M-Positive Advanced NSCLC
In the phase II extension component of the phase I/II AURA trial, reported by Yang et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, osimertinib (Tagrisso) was found to be highly active in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor–pretreated T790M-positive advanced...
