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Showing 32151 - 32200Targeting Integrin β3-Src Pathway May Be Potential Strategy for Overcoming Anti-IGF-1R Antibody Resistance
Clinical trials have shown limited efficacy of anti–insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) monoclonal antibodies, with the mechanisms of resistance to IGF-1R monoclonal antibody-based therapy remaining undefined. In preclinical studies reported in the Journal of the National...
Improved Progression-Free but Not Overall Survival With Addition of Maintenance Erlotinib to Bevacizumab After Chemotherapy Plus Bevacizumab in NSCLC
In the phase IIIB ATLAS trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Bruce E. Johnson, MD, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and colleagues assessed the addition of maintenance erlotinib (Tarceva) to bevacizumab (Avastin) following chemotherapy plus bevacizumab in first-line treatment of ...
Most Common Tumors Are Driven by Two to Six DNA Mutations
A genetic analysis of 3,281 tumors from 12 cancer types, including breast, lung, endometrial, glioblastoma multiforme, ovarian, colon, and acute myeloid leukemia, has found 127 significantly mutated genes that appear to be involved in either cancer initiation or progression. Although the average...
Increased Radiation Dose With Hypofractionated vs Conventional Radiation Therapy Does Not Improve Biochemical/Clinical Failure Rate in Prostate Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Alan Pollack, MD, PhD, of University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, and colleagues compared escalated radiation dose using hypofractionated vs conventional fractionation intensity-modulated radiation therapy in men with favorable-...
STAG2 Mutation Found Linked to Low-Risk Bladder Cancer
An international research team led by scientists from Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center has discovered a genetic mutation linked to low-risk bladder cancer. The findings, published in Nature Genetics, identified STAG2 as one of the most commonly mutated genes in bladder cancer,...
Researchers Identify Four Genetic Variants Linked to Esophageal Cancer and Barrett’s Esophagus
An international consortium co-led by researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and the QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute in Australia has identified four genetic variants associated with an increased risk of esophageal cancer and its precursor, Barrett’s esophagus. The...
Inflammatory vs Noninflammatory Breast Cancers of Same Estrogen Receptor Status Have Varying Risk Factor Associations
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Catherine Schairer, PhD, from the National Cancer Institute, and colleagues investigated risk factors associated with inflammatory breast cancer. Among their findings was that high body mass index (BMI) increased inflammatory ...
Improvements Needed in Use of Survivorship Care Plans
Survivorship care plans, consisting of treatment summaries and follow-up plans, are intended to promote coordination of post-treatment cancer care, but little is known about how they are being used in routine oncology practice. In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer...
Increased Risk of Long-Term Cardiovascular Mortality and All-Cause Mortality in Patients With Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Esther N. Klein Hesselink, of University Medical Center Groningen in the Netherlands, and colleagues evaluated long-term cardiovascular mortality in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. They found that risk of cardiovascular and...
Simple Blood Test May Diagnose Lung and Other Cancers
A simple blood test that measures serum free fatty acids and their metabolites may detect early-stage lung cancer and its recurrence, according to a study from The Cleveland Clinic presented at the ANESTHESIOLOGY™ 2013 Annual Meeting in San Francisco (Abstract A4267). The study was presented ...
Optical Metabolic Imaging Can Identify Breast Cancer Subtypes and Early Treatment Response
An optical imaging technique that measures metabolic activity in cancer cells can accurately differentiate breast cancer subtypes, and it can detect responses to treatment as early as 2 days after therapy administration, according to a study published in Cancer Research. “The process of...
Dual-Stained Cytology Has Greater Sensitivity and Comparable Specificity vs Pap Cytology for High-Grade Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia
Pap cytology is more specific but less sensitive than human papillomavirus (HPV) testing for the detection of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2+). In the pan-European PALMS study, reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Hans Ikenberg, MD, of CytoMol in...
Breast Cancer Risk Differs by Race, BMI, Breast Density Among Hormone Replacement Therapy Users
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Ningqi Hou, PhD, of University of Chicago, and colleagues analyzed the potential contribution of patient characteristics to risk of breast cancer associated with hormone replacement therapy. The study found that risk of...
RTOG 0525 Subanalysis Finds Worse Outcomes With Dose-Dense vs Standard Adjuvant Temozolomide in Glioblastoma
A phase III trial (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group [RTOG] 0525; N = 833) comparing dose-dense vs standard-dose temozolomide maintenance in newly diagnosed glioblastoma showed no differences in overall survival or progression-free survival between treatments. A substudy of the trial, reported in...
No Benefit of Dose-Dense vs Standard Temozolomide in Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma, MGMT Methylation Associated With Better Survival
Dose-dense temozolomide results in depletion of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT)—a potential determinant of treatment response—in blood mononuclear cells and possibly in tumors. In a phase III trial (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group [RTOG] 0525) reported in the Journal ...
Standard and Reduced High-Dose Volume Radiation Therapy for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Have Comparable Tumor Control
Standard and reduced high-dose volume radiation therapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer provide comparable tumor control and decreased late toxicity when compared to surgery, according to a study published in the October issue of the International Journal of Radiation Oncology...
LAT Inhibition May Be a New Therapeutic Option for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
L-type amino acid transporters (LAT) uptake neutral amino acids including L-leucine into cells, stimulating mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling and protein synthesis. LAT1 and LAT3 are overexpressed at different stages of prostate cancer and are involved in increasing nutrients and stimulating cell...
Similar High Complete Response Rate With Neoadjuvant Trastuzumab, Lapatinib, and Combined Therapy in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
In a phase III trial (NSABP B-41) performed to assess the potential benefit of neoadjuvant dual HER2 blockade in HER2-positive breast cancer, André Robidoux, MD, of Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal and colleagues in the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and...
No Additional Benefit of Venlafaxine or Soy Protein vs Placebo on Hot Flashes in Men With Prostate Cancer
Hot flashes occur in approximately 80% of androgen-deprived men. In a randomized study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Mara Z. Vitolins, DrPH, MPH, RD, of Wake Forest School of Medicine, and colleagues, neither venlafaxine nor soy protein—both of which have been used to...
Promising Outcomes With R-MPV Followed by Consolidation Reduced-Dose Whole-Brain Radiotherapy and Cytarabine in Newly Diagnosed Primary CNS Lymphoma
In a phase II trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Patrick G. Morris, MD, of Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, and colleagues assessed the efficacy of rituximab (Rituxan), methotrexate, procarbazine (Matulane), and vincristine (R-MPV) followed by consolidation reduced-dose ...
Women With Lower Pretreatment Estrogen Levels at Greater Risk of Breast Cancer During Estrogen-Plus-Progestin Therapy
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Ghada N. Farhat, PhD, of University of Balamand in Beirut, and colleagues found that women with lower pretreatment endogenous estrogen levels are at greatest risk of breast cancer during estrogen-plus-progestin therapy. Study...
Outcome Improved in MET-Positive and Worsened in MET-Negative NSCLC With Addition of Onartuzumab to Erlotinib in Phase II Trial
In patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), increased hepatocyte growth factor/MET signaling is associated with poor prognosis and acquired resistance to EGFR-targeted treatment. In a phase II study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, David R. Spigel, MD, of Sarah...
PAM50 Risk of Recurrence Score Provides Strongest Prognostic Information for Risk Beyond 5 Years in Estrogen Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer
Adjuvant endocrine therapy beyond 5 years reduces recurrence in patients with estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer. Recent studies from the transATAC cohort have shown that immunohistochemical markers (IHC4), Oncotype DX recurrence score, and PAM50 risk of recurrence score are associated...
Gemcitabine Improves Overall Survival Following Surgery for Pancreatic Cancer
Among patients with pancreatic cancer who had surgery for removal of the cancer, treatment with the drug gemcitabine for 6 months resulted in increased overall survival as well as disease-free survival, compared with observation alone, according to a study in published in the October 9 issue of...
Program Chairs Highlight Abstracts of Interest for the 2013 CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium
The Program Chairs of the 2013 CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium, which will be held December 10–14, 2013, have highlighted what they consider to be the most important abstracts to be presented at the Symposium. In a telebriefing in advance of the December meeting, C. Kent...
Substantial Proportion of Older Patients Receiving First-Line Chemotherapy Experience Functional Decline
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Stéphanie Hoppe, PhD, of Institut Bergonié in Bordeaux, France, and colleagues assessed functional status in older patients with cancer receiving first-line chemotherapy using the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scale. Clinically...
Etirinotecan Pegol Active in Patients With Previously Treated Metastatic Breast Cancer
Etirinotecan pegol is a topoisomerase-I inhibitor designed to provide prolonged tumor cell exposure to the active metabolite of irinotecan. In a phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Ahmad Awada, MD, of Jules Bordet Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, and colleagues examined...
Patients With Poor Nutritional Status Before Radical Cystectomy Have a Higher Risk of Postoperative Complications
Patients with bladder cancer are two times more likely to have complications after a radical cystectomy procedure if they have a biomarker for poor nutritional status before the operation, according to study findings presented at the 2013 Clinical Congress of the American College of Surgeons....
Researchers Identify Potential New Drug for Inherited Cancer
Scientists from The Scripps Research Institute have identified a new drug candidate for an inherited form of cancer with no known cure. The new study showed the drug candidate—known as FRAX97—slowed the proliferation and progression of tumor cells in animal models of neurofibromatosis...
ACOSOG Z1071 Trial Does Not Support Sentinel Lymph Node Surgery Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Node-Positive cN1 Breast Cancer
Sentinel lymph node surgery provides reliable nodal staging information and is associated with less morbidity than axillary lymph node dissection in patients with clinically node-negative breast cancer. The American College of Surgeons Oncology Group (ACOSOG) Z1071 (Alliance) trial examined the...
Study Identifies Prognostic DNA Methylation Signature for Stage I NSCLC
There is an absence of biomarkers to indicate which patients with stage I non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) would best benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Juan Sandoval, PhD, of the Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute in...
Everolimus Does Not Improve Overall Survival in Previously Treated Advanced Gastric Cancer
In a phase III trial (GRANITE-1 study) reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology by Atsushi Ohtsu, MD, PhD, of the National Cancer Center Hospital East in Kashiwa, Japan, and colleagues, everolimus (Afinitor) plus best supportive care did not prolong overall survival compared with placebo plus best...
PIK3CA Mutation Predictive of Relapse-Free Survival Benefit of Aspirin in Colorectal Cancer
Although nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin have been shown to be protective against colorectal cancer and are associated with reduced disease recurrence and improved outcome, they are also associated with toxicities that limit their use in therapy. Recent data suggest that the...
Better Leukemia-Free and Overall Survival in AML in First Remission With Cyclophosphamide Plus Busulfan vs Total-Body Irradiation
Myeloablative conditioning with cyclophosphamide combined with intravenous busulfan (Busulfex) was associated with better leukemia-free and overall survival than conditioning with cyclosphosphamide and total-body irradiation in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who were in first complete...
Study Assesses Frequency of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in Patients With AML in First Complete Remission
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Raya Mawad, MD, of Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, and colleagues assessed the frequency of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first complete remission at their institution and...
Radiotherapy After Local Excision for DCIS Reduces Long-Term Risk of Local Recurrence
As reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Mila Donker, MD, of the Netherlands Cancer Institute, and colleagues analyzed the effects of adjuvant radiotherapy after local excision for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) on long-term risk for local recurrence and survival in patients from the EORTC...
Patients With Melanoma Do Not Maintain Cautious Behavior About Limiting Exposure to UV Radiation From the Sun
Patients with cutaneous malignant melanoma “do not maintain the cautious sun behavior they exhibit just after … diagnosis,” even though they are at increased risk for developing a second primary melanoma, data from a Danish study suggested. Based on measurements...
ASCO and the College of American Pathologists Issue Updated Guideline on HER2 Testing in Breast Cancer
ASCO and the College of American Pathologists (CAP) today issued a joint, updated guideline to improve the accuracy and reporting of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) testing in patients with invasive breast cancer. The six-recommendation guideline is based on a systematic review of...
Intervention Program Improves Sun Protection Practices Among Children of Melanoma Survivors
Children of melanoma survivors were more likely to wear hats and reapply sunscreen after receiving a multimedia informational program designed specifically for them. These new findings were included in research published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. A team of researchers...
Etirinotecan Pegol Shows Activity in Recurrent Platinum-Resistant/Refractory Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Etirinotecan pegol is a topoisomerase-I inhibitor that prolongs systemic exposure to the active metabolite of irinotecan. In a phase II trial reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Ignace B. Vergote, MD, PhD, of University Hospital Leuven in Belgium, and colleagues found that the agent produced...
Poorer Overall Survival With Sunitinib vs Sorafenib in Advanced Hepatocellular Cancer
In an open-label phase III superiority/noninferiority trial reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology by Ann-Lii Cheng, MD, of National Taiwan University Hospital in Taipei, sunitinib (Sutent) was associated with significantly poorer overall survival compared with sorafenib (Nexavar) in a population ...
Older Cancer Survivors in Rural Areas Forgo Health Care Due to Cost
Rural cancer survivors aged 65 or older were 66% more likely to forgo routine follow-up health care and 54% more likely to forgo dental care because of cost, compared with their urban counterparts, according to a study by Nynikka Palmer, DrPH, MPH, Post-doctoral Fellow in the Department of Social...
Ramucirumab Prolongs Survival in Advanced Gastric Cancer
An investigational targeted drug that reduces blood flow to tumors prolonged the survival of patients with advanced stomach cancer after standard treatments failed, according to results of large multicenter clinical trial reported by Charles S. Fuchs, MD, MPH, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and...
Long-Term Follow-up Indicates Increased Telomere Length With Lifestyle Change in Men With Low-Risk Prostate Cancer
Short telomere length in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is associated with aging and such age-related diseases as cancer, stroke, vascular dementia, cardiovascular disease, obesity, osteoporosis, and diabetes. Telomere attrition is considered a potential mechanism in triggering the chromosomal...
Flow Cytometric Residual Disease Highly Prognostic in Older AML Patients
Older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have a high relapse rate after standard chemotherapy. In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Sylvie D. Freeman, MD, PhD, of University Hospitals Birmingham National Health Service Trust, and colleagues investigated whether assessing...
Flow Cytometric Minimal Residual Disease Highly Prognostic in AML Patients Aged Under 60
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Monique Terwijn, PhD, of the VU University Medical Centre in Amsterdam, and colleagues assessed the prognostic performance of flow cytometric minimal residual disease detection in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients aged < 60 years. They...
BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers Not at Greater Risk of Earlier Natural Menopause
Some data suggest that BRCA1 mutations are associated with occult primary ovarian insufficiency and that BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers have earlier natural menopause than noncarrier relatives. A study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology by Ian M. Collins, MD, of Peter MacCallum Cancer...
Increased Physical Activity and Walking Reduces Breast Cancer Risk
A large epidemiology study of postmenopausal women by researchers at the American Cancer Society (ACS) has found that women who participated in at least 1 hour of vigorous physical activity every day had a 25% lower risk of breast cancer, and those who walked for at least 7 hours per week had a 14% ...
Long-Term Survivors of Childhood Cancer Exhibit Vascular Endothelial Damage
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Cornelia A.J. Brouwer, of the University Medical Center Groningen in the Netherlands, and colleagues assessed vascular parameters in long-term childhood cancer survivors and sibling controls. They found that survivors who had received...
Lactation May Be Linked to Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in Mexican Women
Scientific data suggest that a woman reduces her risk of breast cancer by breastfeeding, having multiple children, and giving birth at a younger age. However, a study led by the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, indicates that women of Mexican descent may not fit that profile. ...
