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Showing 2851 - 2900The Microbiome: The Next Target in Cancer Therapy
With the recent breakthroughs in immunotherapy, treatments that modulate the immune system are now being used across numerous cancer types and across the spectrum of disease with significant success, but not all patients achieve objective responses. There is still a critical need to better...
Cervical Cancer Subtype Rising in Some Populations
A new study reports that a type of cervical cancer that is less amenable to detection by Papanicolaou (Pap) testing is increasing in several subpopulations of women, pointing to the growing importance of human papillomavirus (HPV) testing and vaccination. The study was published by Islami ...
Deep-Learning Model May Improve Predictions of Survival and Specific Outcomes in Lung Cancer
A study by Xu et al in Clinical Cancer Research evaluating deep-learning networks that analyze time-series computed tomography (CT) images of patients with locally advanced NSCLC has found these networks can integrate imaging scans at multiple time points to improve clinical outcome...
KEYNOTE-042: Pembrolizumab vs Chemotherapy in Previously Untreated Locally Advanced or Metastatic NSCLC With PD-L1 Expression ≥ 1%
As reported in The Lancet by Mok et al, the KEYNOTE-042 trial has shown an improvement in overall survival with pembrolizumab vs standard chemotherapy in previously untreated patients with locally advanced or metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without a sensitizing EGFR mutation or ...
NRG1 Gene Fusions Detected at Low Incidence Across Multiple Tumor Types
A consortium of researchers have completed an analysis of a new gene fusion they believe is responsible for the development of a wide spectrum of cancer types. According to the investigators, their studies show that errant gene fusions in neuregulin-1, or NRG1, which are present in about...
Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use in Patients With Cancer
In a recent study focusing on patients with cancer and cancer survivors, one-third of patient participants reported use of complementary and alternative medicines such as meditation, yoga, acupuncture, herbal medicine, and supplements. These findings were published by Sanford et al in JAMA...
Five-Fraction SBRT for Centrally Located, Inoperable NSCLC
In the phase I/II NRG Oncology/RTOG 0813 study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Bezjak et al found that five-fraction stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) was associated with relatively low rates of serious treatment-related toxicity and good outcomes in patients with centrally...
Niraparib in Late-Line Treatment of Ovarian Cancer
In the phase II QUADRA trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Moore et al found that the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor niraparib was active in fourth- or later-line treatment of ovarian cancer, particularly in patients with homologous recombination deficiency (HRD)-positive,...
FDA Expands Pembrolizumab Indication for NSCLC in First-Line Setting
Today, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved pembrolizumab (Keytruda) for the first-line treatment of patients with stage III non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who are not candidates for surgical resection or definitive chemoradiation, or those with metastatic NSCLC....
ELCC 2019: Immunotherapy in Elderly Patients With Advanced NSCLC
Two studies reported at the European Lung Cancer Congress (ELCC) 2019 provided new insights on the efficacy and safety of immunotherapy in elderly patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although around half of all people newly diagnosed with NSCLC are elderly (Pallis ...
Addition of Ibrutinib to R-CHOP in Non–Germinal Center B-Cell DLBCL
In the phase III PHOENIX trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Younes et al found that the addition of ibrutinib to R-CHOP (rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) did not improve outcomes in patients with untreated non–germinal center B-cell...
The Future of Immunotherapy: Building on Checkpoint Blockade
THE EMERGENCE of anticancer agents that block immune checkpoints has transformed the field of oncology, leading to durable responses and improvements in overall survival in melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, head/neck squamous cell carcinoma, urothelial bladder cancer, and non–small cell lung cancer....
Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation and Cell Therapy
As part of The ASCO Post’s continued coverage of the 2018 American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting & Exposition, here is an update on several studies of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) and cellular therapy, as used in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), acute...
Expert Point of View: Tracy Rose, MD, MPH
THE FORMAL DISCUSSANT of the KEYNOTE-427 trial, Tracy Rose, MD, MPH, of the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, told listeners: “I think pembrolizumab should now be considered an option for non–clear cell kidney cancer. Response rates, however, remain inferior to those seen in clear cell...
Study Finds Pembrolizumab Active in Advanced Non–Clear Cell Kidney Cancer
IMMUNOTHERAPY WITH the checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab may prove to be an effective option for patients with advanced non–clear cell renal cell carcinoma, according to results in cohort B of the KEYNOTE-427 trial, presented at the 2019 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium.1 Response rates were...
Effect of Increased VA Hospice Care on Use of Aggressive Care and Costs for Veterans With Advanced Lung Cancer
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Mor et al found that veterans with advanced lung cancer treated in Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Centers with high hospice use were more likely to receive concurrent cancer care but less likely to receive aggressive care. Moreover, veterans treated at...
Pembrolizumab/Cabozantinib Shows Activity in Previously Treated Renal Cell Carcinoma
THE COMBINATION of pembrolizumab and cabozantinib demonstrated antitumor activity in patients with previously treated metastatic renal cell carcinoma and both drugs were tolerable at their approved doses, according to data from a dose-escalation cohort of a phase I study.1 Among eight patients with ...
Long-Term Outcomes for Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation vs Observation in Locally Advanced NSCLC
As reported in JAMA Oncology by Sun et al, a long-term update of the phase III NRG Oncology/RTOG 0214 trial has shown that prophylactic cranial irradiation was associated with a reduced incidence of brain metastases and improved disease-free survival—but not overall survival—compared...
AACR 2019: Does Primary Tumor Surgery Increase Survival in Patients With Advanced HER2-Positive Breast Cancer?
Surgery was associated with higher survival rates for patients with HER2-positive stage IV breast cancer compared with those who did not undergo surgery, according to results presented by Mudgway et al at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting (Abstract 4873). Between...
Racial Disparities in Matched Volunteer Stem Cell Donors
Although the pool of registered bone marrow donors has increased in recent years, a new study suggests that most patients of southern European and non-European descent are unlikely to have a suitable match if they need a bone marrow transplant. If an immediate registry search does not identify a...
BEACON Colorectal Cancer Trial: Safety Lead-in With Triplet Therapy for BRAF V600E–Mutant Metastatic Disease
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Van Cutsem et al, treatment with encorafenib, binimetinib, and cetuximab for BRAF V600E–mutant metastatic colorectal cancer was associated with a manageable safety profile and evidence of activity in the safety lead-in to the phase III BEACON ...
AACR 2019: Entinostat Plus Pembrolizumab in Patients With Melanoma Previously Treated With Anti–PD-1 Therapy
A combination of the experimental histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor entinostat with the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitor pembrolizumab showed clinical responses in patients with melanoma that had progressed on prior anti–PD-1 treatment, according to results from the phase...
FDA Oncology Center of Excellence Issues Annual Report
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Oncology Center of Excellence (OCE) has issued its 2018 Annual Report, including updates on regulatory reviews and initiatives, OCE programs, guidances, and more. Regulatory Reviews The OCE is tasked with clinical medical oncology reviews, irrespective...
Lorlatinib in Advanced NSCLC With ALK Resistance Mutations
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Shaw et al found that lorlatinib showed greater efficacy in patients with vs without anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) resistance mutations among patients with advanced ALK-positive non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in whom one or more...
Conquer Cancer Honors Researchers With Merit Awards
ASCO’S CONQUER CANCER FOUNDATION is pleased to announce the recipients of the Gastrointestinal Cancers, Genitourinary Cancers, and Clinical Immuno-Oncology Symposium Merit Awards. Conquer Cancer Merit Awards recognize oncology fellows’ and trainees’ high-quality research submitted in abstracts to...
City of Hope Awarded Lymphoma SPORE Grant
CITY OF HOPE announced recently that it received its third lymphoma Specialized Programs of Research Excellence (SPORE) grant from the National Cancer Institute (NCI). The grant covers a 5-year period and totals $12.5 million. SPORE grants involve both basic as well as clinical and applied...
Antibiotic Treatment Prior to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy Shows Detrimental Effect on Response and Survival
USE OF ANTIBIOTICS prior to checkpoint blockade therapy may attenuate anticancer activity, according to data presented at the 2019 ASCO–Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) Clinical Immuno-Oncology Symposium.1 Results of the multicenter study suggest that antibiotic therapy administered...
CheckMate 384 Supports More Convenient Dosing of Nivolumab in Advanced NSCLC
PATIENTS WITH advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) may no longer have to come to the clinic every 2 weeks for treatment. According to a descriptive analysis of the phase IIIb/IV CheckMate 384 study, a more convenient dosing option of nivolumab has demonstrated convincing short-term safety...
Ultradeep Next-Generation Sequencing in Patients With Lung Cancer
A new method of determining the sequence of molecules in DNA can be used to detect small fragments of cancerous genetic material in blood samples from patients with lung cancer with a high degree of accuracy, according research published by Li et al in Annals of Oncology. Liquid Biopsies and...
Matthew A. Gubens, MD, on Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: New Immunotherapy Strategies in the NCCN Guidelines
Matthew A. Gubens, MD, of the UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, discusses recent updates to the NCCN Guidelines in non–small cell lung cancer, including the use of pembrolizumab as a single agent or in combination based on PD-L1 status, treatment selection in squamous and...
Neratinib Plus Capecitabine Active Against HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Brain Metastases
In the phase II TBCRC 022 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Freedman et al found that the combination of neratinib and capecitabine was active against brain metastases in women with HER2-positive breast cancer. Modest activity of neratinib monotherapy had been found in previous...
Jyoti D. Patel, MD, on Stage III Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Look at New Systemic Treatments
Jyoti D. Patel, MD, of the University of Chicago, discusses immunotherapy for locally advanced NSCLC, selecting patients for these treatments, and the potential toxicities of combination therapies.
Susan Y. Wu, MD, on Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Using an Online Tool in Treatment
Susan Y. Wu, MD, of the University of California, San Francisco, discusses how patient exposure to treatment guidelines improved smoking cessation counseling and the use of molecular testing, and decreased the use of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with early-stage disease (Abstract 5).
Jing Zeng, MD, on Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Therapeutic Implications of Proper Disease Staging
Jing Zeng, MD, of the University of Washington, discusses upstaging disease from stage III to stage IV, which can occur with repeat PET and/or CT scans for patients with locally advanced NSCLC, and the need for clinicians to stage disease properly to ensure appropriate treatment.
Shraddha M. Dalwadi, MD, MBA, on Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: What Contributes to Disparities in Treating Stage I Disease
Shraddha M. Dalwadi, MD, MBA, of Baylor College of Medicine, discusses the nearly 12% of potentially curable patients with stage I NSCLC who do not receive treatment, the various socioeconomic reasons why, and how some patients may benefit from minimally invasive therapies (Abstract 127).
Heather A. Wakelee, MD, on Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: State-of-the-Art Treatment for EGFR-Positive and ALK-Positive Diseases
Heather A. Wakelee, MD, of Stanford University, discusses the most recent FDA-approved tyrosine kinase inhibitors that target EGFR and ALK mutations, how these agents fit into the treatment landscape, and the rapidly evolving field of TKI resistance.
SGO 2019: Post Hoc Exploratory Analyses From the ARIEL3 Trial in Recurrent Ovarian Cancer
Data from post hoc exploratory analyses from the phase III ARIEL3 clinical study of rucaparib in recurrent ovarian cancer was presented during oral plenary and poster sessions at the Society of Gynecologic Oncology’s (SGO) 50th Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. These analyses...
Coming In Future Issues of The ASCO Post
Watch upcoming issues of The ASCO Post for news reports from the 2019 Multidisciplinary Thoracic Cancers Symposium, taking place March 14-16, 2019, in San Diego. Watch for reports on these presentations, plus much more. “Improved Overall Survival with Local Consolidative Therapy in...
Knowing Gender Identity and Sexual Orientation of Patients Is a Vital Aspect of Medical Care
A survey of oncologists from National Cancer Institute (NCI)-designated Comprehensive Cancer Centers found that 95.3% of oncologists who responded are comfortable with treating lesbian, gay, and bisexual patients with cancer, and 82.5% are comfortable treating transgender patients with cancer.1...
The Risks of Drug Approval Based on Shaky Evidence
Two recent publications in The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM), and the resulting drug approval applications that have already been filed, lead to concern that the basis of medical practice on valid evidence may be corrupted. Each involves statistically shaky analysis leading to a striking...
American Skin Association Announces 18 New Grants for Skin Cancer and Disease Research
For more than 3 decades, the American Skin Association (ASA) and its affiliates have funded more than $50 million in grants to address the causes and treatments of melanoma, vitiligo, and psoriasis, as well as other skin diseases, and to search for cures. Recently, the American Skin Association...
Implementing Personalized Pathways for Cancer Follow-up Care in the United States
A new approach to cancer follow-up care is required to meet the needs of the growing population of cancer survivors in the United States, while also addressing provider shortages and rising costs, according to a new multiagency report. The report—published by Alfano et al in CA: A Cancer ...
Activity of Cabozantinib in Advanced Non–Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
In a retrospective cohort study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Chanzá et al found evidence of activity of cabozantinib in advanced non–clear cell renal carcinoma. Cabozantinib is approved in metastatic renal cell carcinoma on the basis of studies in clear cell histology. As noted by ...
2019 Thoracic Cancers Symposium: Effect of Structured Patient Exposure to the NCCN Guidelines for NSCLC
A new clinical trial found that exposing patients to tailored versions of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN®) Guidelines for non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) may help drive smoking cessation, testing for potential biomarkers and, for early-stage disease, more...
2019 Thoracic Cancers Symposium: Local Consolidative Therapy and Overall Survival in Oligometastatic NSCLC
A new analysis of patients treated with local consolidative therapy for oligometastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) found that the intensive treatment approach is associated with improved overall survival. Local consolidative therapy—consisting of radiation therapy or...
Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab in Advanced NSCLC: Outcomes by PD-L1 and Tumor Mutational Burden Status
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Ready et al, the phase II CheckMate 568 trial has shown that higher tumor mutational burden is associated with response, irrespective of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in first-line nivolumab plus low-dose ipilimumab treatment of ...
Addition of Preoperative Breast MRI to Standard Evaluation in Local Ductal Carcinoma in Situ
In a French phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Balleyguier et al found that the addition of breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to standard radiologic evaluation did not improve surgical reintervention rates in women with ductal carcinoma in situ undergoing...
Update on Newer Treatments in Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas
AS PART of The ASCO Post’s continued coverage of the 2018 American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting & Exposition, here is an update on several different studies on new therapeutics in non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs), including follicular lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), ...
Omega-3 Fatty Acids
The ASCO Post’s Integrative Oncology series is intended to facilitate the availability of evidence-based information on integrative and complementary therapies sometimes used by patients with cancer. Gary Deng, MD, PhD, and Jyothirmai Gubili, MS, explore the use of omega-3 fatty acids, which have...
First-Line Treatment of Indolent Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma or Mantle Cell Lymphoma With Bendamustine/Rituximab vs R-CHOP or R-CVP
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Flinn et al, 5-year follow-up of the phase III BRIGHT trial has shown improved outcomes with first-line bendamustine/rituximab vs R-CHOP (rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) or R-CVP (rituximab plus...
