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Showing 20801 - 20850U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Clarifies Mammography Recommendations for Women in Their 40s
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) has issued its updated draft recommendation statement on mammography screening guidelines. The revised guidelines still recommend that women aged 50 to 74 get mammography screening for breast cancer every 2 years and now states that the decision to...
AACR 2015: Long-Term, Regular Aspirin Use Modestly Decreased Cancer Risk
Long-term, regular aspirin use was associated with a modestly reduced overall risk for cancer, driven primarily by a reduction in the risk for colorectal cancers, according to research presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2015, held April 18 to 22 in Philadelphia (Abstract 876). “Previous...
AACR 2015: Olaparib and Investigational PI3K Inhibitor BKM120 Combination Active Against Ovarian and Breast Cancer Subtypes
Combination treatment with the poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor olaparib (Lynparza) and the investigational phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor BKM120 was safe and yielded evidence of clinical benefit for women with triple-negative breast cancer and for those with high-grade...
AACR 2015: Subgroup of Men With Metastatic Prostate Cancer Respond to Olaparib Treatment
Men with metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer who had mutations in genes linked to repair of damaged DNA were significantly more likely to respond to treatment with olaparib (Lynparza) compared with patients who had the disease without these mutations. These findings from the first...
AACR 2015: Dual mTOR Inhibitor-Fulvestrant Combination Feasible, With Clinical Benefit for Advanced Breast Cancer Patients
The dual mTOR inhibitor AZD2014, when combined with the hormonal therapy fulvestrant (Faslodex), was found to be safe in patients with advanced estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer, and some of them experienced clinical benefit from the drug combination, according to phase I clinical...
Study Examines Impact of Hospital Volume on Complication Rates in Patients Undergoing Robotic Prostate Surgery
A disincentive for hospitals that have invested in expensive technology for robotic surgery may be jeopardizing prostate cancer patients who seek out the procedure, concluded a study published by Sammon et al in BJU International. The study compared complication rates in hospitals with low...
Frequency of Germline TP53 Mutations in Patients With Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Not Meeting Criteria for Li-Fraumeni Syndrome
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Yurgelun et al identified germline TP53 mutations in multiple patients with early-onset colorectal cancer from the Colon Cancer Family Registry who did not meet clinical criteria for Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Li-Fraumeni syndrome is associated with increased risk...
AACR 2015: Black Women Found to Have Denser Breast Tissue Than White Women
Breast density, which is associated with breast cancer risk, was found to be higher in black women than white women when measured using novel quantitative methods, according to research presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2015, held April 18 to 22 in Philadelphia (Abstract 2770). “Since...
AACR 2015: HPV Vaccine Provides Protection at Multiple Sites, Even Among Some Previously Exposed Patients
Vaccination of women aged 18 to 25 with the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine resulted in strong protection against future infection at three anatomic sites among women without prior HPV exposure and may still offer some protection in those with evidence of prior exposure. These findings were...
AACR 2015: Combining Two Investigational Immunotherapy Drugs Safe, With Early Signs of Effectiveness
Combining the immunostimulatory anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody CP-870,893 with the immune checkpoint inhibitor tremelimumab was found to be safe, with clinical evidence of response in patients with advanced melanoma, according to phase I clinical trial data presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2015, ...
AACR 2015: Investigational PD-L1–Targeted Immunotherapy Safe for Patients With Triple-Negative Breast Cancer, Effective in Some
The investigational immunotherapy MPDL3280A was safe, tolerable, and showed early signs of durable clinical activity in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer, according to data from a first-in-human phase I clinical trial presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2015, held April 18 to...
AACR 2015: U.S. Breast Cancer Cases Expected to Increase by as Much as 50% by 2030
The total number of breast cancer cases in the United States is forecast to be 50% greater in 2030 than it was in 2011, when invasive and in situ or screening-detected cancers are counted together. This increase is predicted to be driven mostly by a marked increase in cases of estrogen...
AACR 2015: Pembrolizumab Safe, With Signs of Clinical Benefit, for Patients With Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) was safe, tolerable, and yielded robust antitumor responses in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma, according to data from the phase Ib KEYNOTE-028 clinical trial presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2015, held April 18 to 22 in Philadelphia (Abstract CT103)....
AACR 2015: New Immunotherapy Yields Long-Lasting Responses in Some Patients With Advanced Melanoma
A first-in-class immunotherapy called IMCgp100 yielded durable responses in patients with advanced cutaneous melanoma and those with advanced ocular melanoma, according to data from a phase I/IIa clinical trial presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2015, held April 18 to 22 in Philadelphia (Abstract ...
AACR 2015: Investigational CART-meso Immunotherapy Feasible for Patients With Advanced Cancers
Patients with advanced cancers who received mesothelin-directed chimeric antigen receptor–modified T cells (CART-meso), a type of investigational adoptive immunotherapy, tolerated the treatment well, and there was evidence that the infused immune cells persisted in the patients’ blood...
Obesity Significantly Increases Prostate Cancer Risk in African American Men
Obesity in black men substantially increased the risk of low- and high-grade prostate cancer, whereas obesity in white men moderately reduced the risk of low-grade cancer and only slightly increased the risk of high-grade cancer, according to the first large, prospective study to examine how race...
Excessive All-Cause and Second Primary Malignancy-Related Mortality and Frequent Late Morbidity in Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients Treated During Adulthood
In a single-institution study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Matasar et al found that Hodgkin lymphoma patients treated during adulthood were at increased risk of all-cause and second primary malignancy mortality compared with SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and...
AACR 2015: Pembrolizumab Shows Promise in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
The immunotherapy pembrolizumab (Keytruda) was found to be safe and yielded durable responses in patients with advanced, non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Those with high levels of the protein PD-L1 in their tumors had better clinical outcomes, according to phase I KEYNOTE-001 clinical...
AACR 2015: Pembrolizumab Is Better Than Ipilimumab for Advanced Melanoma in Phase III Trial
In the first randomized trial to compare two U.S. Food and Drug Administration–approved immune checkpoint inhibitors as first-line therapy for patients with advanced melanoma, pembrolizumab (Keytruda) yielded significantly better treatment outcomes than ipilimumab (Yervoy) for all endpoints...
AACR 2015: New T Cell–Based Immunotherapy Shows Promise for Lethal Stem Cell Transplant Complication
More than 60% of patients with Epstein-Barr virus–associated lymphoproliferative disorder (EBV-LPD) that was nonresponsive to standard rituximab (Rituxan) treatment responded to a new type of immunotherapy called Epstein-Barr virus–specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (EBV-CTL) therapy....
Do Survival Gains Match More Intense Treatment in Younger Patients With Colon Cancer?
In a study reported in JAMA Surgery, Kneuertz et al found that the more frequent stage-specific use of adjuvant chemotherapy in younger patients with colon cancer did not appear to produce commensurate benefit in survival compared with outcomes in older patients. Study Details The study was a...
Evidence Grows That Melanoma Drugs May Benefit Some Lung Cancer Patients
A subset of lung cancer patients can derive important clinical benefits from drugs that are more commonly used to treat melanoma, the authors of a new academic clinical trial in Europe have reported at the European Lung Cancer Conference (ELCC) in Geneva (Abstract 21PD_PR). Oliver Gautschi, MD, a...
One-Quarter of Advanced Lung Cancer Patients Tested for EGFR Mutations Started on First-Line Therapy Before Test Results Available
Almost one in four patients (24%) with advanced lung cancer in Europe, Asia, and the United States are not receiving EGFR test results before being started on treatment, researchers reported at the European Lung Cancer Conference (ELCC) in Geneva (Abstract LBA2_PR). This lack of test results may...
Circulating Tumor DNA May Be Used to Detect EGFR Mutations in Lung Cancer
Cancer DNA circulating in the bloodstream of lung cancer patients can provide doctors with vital mutation information that can help optimize treatment when tumor tissue is not available, an international group of researchers has reported at the European Lung Cancer Conference (ELCC) in Geneva...
Physical Activity Helps Cancer Survivors Fend Off Side Effects
Three or more hours of walking per week can boost the vitality and health of prostate cancer survivors. Men and women who have survived colorectal cancer and are regular walkers also reported lower sensations of burning, numbness, tingling, or loss of reflexes that many often experience after...
Study Finds Large Disparities in Survival Among Adolescents and Young Adults With Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
A large, diverse study of 16,827 adolescents and young adults with differentiated thyroid cancer has found that African Americans and Hispanics were six times and three times more likely, respectively, to die of their cancer than Caucasians. Residing in low-socioeconomic neighborhoods, insurance...
Ibrutinib Is Highly Active in Previously Treated Waldenström’s Macroglobulinemia
In a study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Treon et al found that ibrutinib (Imbruvica) was highly active and produced durable responses in patients with previously treated Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia. Response rates were highest in patients with MYD88 mutation and...
Circulating Tumor Cell Count and LDH Level as Patient-Level Surrogate for Survival in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
In an analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Scher et al found that circulating tumor cell count and LDH level served as an individual-level surrogate for survival among patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer receiving abiraterone acetate (Zytiga) plus...
More Extensive Lymph Node Clearance During Surgery for Esophageal Cancer May Not Improve Survival
A population-based cohort study indicates that “more extensive lymph node clearance during surgery for esophageal cancer may not improve survival,” van der Schaaf et al reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. “These results challenge current clinical guidelines,...
Patients With Relapsed or Refractory CLL Who Discontinue Ibrutinib Early Have Poor Outcomes
Most patients with relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who discontinued ibrutinib (Imbruvica) early “were difficult to treat and had poor outcomes,” according to a study of patients enrolled in four different clinical trials of ibrutinib, with or without rituximab...
Identifying Processes That Lead to Discontinuation of Chemotherapy for Patients With NSCLC at End of Life
According to a recent study by Perl et al published in the Journal of Oncology Practice, the administration of chemotherapy near death is recognized by patients, their families, and oncologists as “aggressive and poor-quality care.” Despite this, rates of end-of-life chemotherapy have...
Study Finds Price of Cancer Drugs Varies Widely Based on Who’s Paying
Uninsured cancer patients are paying anywhere from 2 to 43 times what Medicare would pay for chemotherapy drugs, according to a new study from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. These findings were published by Dusetzina et al in Health Affairs. Major Discrepancies Researchers led...
Study Finds Link Between Muscle-Building Supplements and Testicular Cancer
Men who reported taking muscle-building supplements, such as pills and powders with creatine or androstenedione, reported a significantly higher likelihood of having developed testicular cancer than men who did not use such supplements, according to a study by Li et al in the British Journal of...
Platinum Monotherapy Particularly Active in BRCA1/2-Mutant Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
In the phase II TBCRC009 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Isakoff et al found that platinum monotherapy was active in treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer, particularly in cases with BRCA1/2 mutation, and that an assay of genomic instability characteristic of...
Neoadjuvant Iniparib Plus Gemcitabine-Carboplatin Is Active in Early Triple-Negative and BRCA1/2-Mutant Breast Cancer
In the phase II PrECOG 0105 study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Telli et al found that neoadjuvant iniparib plus gemcitabine-carboplatin was active in early-stage triple-negative and BRCA1/2-mutant breast cancer. Higher score on a homologous recombination deficiency–loss of...
Long-Term Study Shows Stress Management Techniques Improve Mood and Quality of Life for Breast Cancer Patients
A new study showed that providing women with skills to manage stress early in their breast cancer treatment can improve their mood and quality of life many years later. Published by Stagl et al in Cancer, the findings suggest that women given the opportunity to learn stress management techniques...
Increasing Number of Boys Vaccinated Against HPV Could Protect More People at the Same Price
Public health programs that devote a portion of their funding to encourage more boys to be vaccinated against human papillomavirus (HPV)—rather than merely attempting to raise coverage among girls—may ultimately protect more people for the same price, a study from Duke University...
Cancer Experts Find Too Many People Are Being Screened, Diagnosed, and Treated for Disease
A recent commentary published in Annals of Internal Medicine discusses the paradoxical finding that most patients are at below-average risk of disease and can expect to experience less-than-average benefits from a treatment. Yet, argue Vickers et al, too many people are being screened, diagnosed,...
Key Tumor-Cell Proliferation Mechanism Identified in Pediatric Bone Cancers
A particular molecular pathway permits stem cells in pediatric bone cancers to grow rapidly and aggressively, according to researchers at NYU Langone Medical Center and its Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center. These findings were published by Basu-Roy et al in Nature Communications. Study...
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy Plus Cetuximab Appears Safe, Effective in Previously Irradiated Recurrent Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
In patients with previously irradiated recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, the combination of stereotactic body radiation therapy plus cetuximab (Erbitux) appears to be safe and effective, according to a study by Vargo et al in the International Journal of Radiation Oncology...
Study Finds Oncology Drug Pricing Models ‘Not Rational’
A statistical analysis of 51 oncology drugs approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2013, has found that cancer drug prices are rising faster than the prices in other sectors of health care and that the high cost of the drugs is not...
Cancer Patients Lack Knowledge but Desire More Information on Radiation-Based Medical Imaging Tests
A substantial gap exists between patient expectations and current practices for providing information about medical imaging tests that use radiation, according to a new study published by Thornton et al in the journal Radiology. Researchers said the findings highlight a need for better...
Risk of Breast and Ovarian Cancers May Differ by BRCA1/2 Mutation Type
Women who have inherited mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) have an increased risk of breast and ovarian cancers. However, little has been known about how cancer risks differ by BRCA1/2 mutation type. In a study involving more than 31,000 women who are carriers of disease-associated mutations...
Weak Relationship Between Surgical Oncologic Perioperative Morbidity and Publicly Reported Hospital Quality and Satisfaction Measures
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Wright et al found a weak relationship between measures of patient satisfaction and quality and surgical oncologic perioperative outcomes at the hospital level. Study Details In the study, the Nationwide Inpatient Sample...
Analysis Indicates Poorer Progression-Free and Overall Survival With Lower Baseline Vitamin D Levels in Follicular Lymphoma Patients
In an analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Kelly et al found that low baseline serum vitamin D levels are associated with poorer progression-free and overall survival in patients with previously untreated follicular lymphoma. Study Details The study involved analysis of data...
Improved Quality Metrics for Robotic Pancreaticoduodenectomy With Increased Performance
In a retrospective single-institution study reported in JAMA Surgery, Boone et al found significant improvements in blood loss, incidence of conversion to open surgery, pancreatic fistula incidence, and operative time with increased number of patients treated with robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy....
Erythropoietin Plus Radiation Therapy Does Not Improve Local-Regional Control in Anemic Patients With Head and Neck Cancer
Long-term analysis of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 9903 demonstrates that the addition of erythropoietin did not improve local-regional control for anemic patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma who receive radiation therapy or chemoradiation, according to a study published...
Study Identifies Racial and Ethnic Differences in Selecting Surgeons, Hospitals for Breast Cancer Care
Black and Hispanic women with breast cancer were less likely to choose their surgeon and the hospital for treatment based on reputation compared with white women, according to researchers. These findings suggest minority patients may rely more on physician referrals and health plans in those...
Very Low Breast Density on Mammography Worsens Breast Cancer Prognosis
Very low mammographic breast density worsens the prognosis of breast cancer, according to a recent study from the University of Eastern Finland. Researchers published their findings in an article by Masarwah et al in European Radiology. The lower the breast tissue density, the less fibroglandular...
Asian Americans Have Better Cancer-Specific Mortality Than Non-Hispanic Whites
Numerous studies have documented racial differences in deaths from cancer among non-Hispanic whites and African Americans, but little has been known about survival outcomes for Asian Americans who have been diagnosed with cancer. In a new study published in the Journal of the National Cancer...
