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Showing 20801 - 20850Circulating Tumor DNA May Be Used to Detect EGFR Mutations in Lung Cancer
Cancer DNA circulating in the bloodstream of lung cancer patients can provide doctors with vital mutation information that can help optimize treatment when tumor tissue is not available, an international group of researchers has reported at the European Lung Cancer Conference (ELCC) in Geneva...
Physical Activity Helps Cancer Survivors Fend Off Side Effects
Three or more hours of walking per week can boost the vitality and health of prostate cancer survivors. Men and women who have survived colorectal cancer and are regular walkers also reported lower sensations of burning, numbness, tingling, or loss of reflexes that many often experience after...
Study Finds Large Disparities in Survival Among Adolescents and Young Adults With Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
A large, diverse study of 16,827 adolescents and young adults with differentiated thyroid cancer has found that African Americans and Hispanics were six times and three times more likely, respectively, to die of their cancer than Caucasians. Residing in low-socioeconomic neighborhoods, insurance...
No Survival Benefit of Vorinostat in Progressive Advanced Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
In the phase III VANTAGE-014 study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Krug et al found that treatment with the histone deacetylase inhibitor vorinostat (Zolinza) did not improve overall survival vs placebo in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma who had progressed on previous chemotherapy....
More Extensive Lymph Node Clearance During Surgery for Esophageal Cancer May Not Improve Survival
A population-based cohort study indicates that “more extensive lymph node clearance during surgery for esophageal cancer may not improve survival,” van der Schaaf et al reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. “These results challenge current clinical guidelines,...
Patients With Relapsed or Refractory CLL Who Discontinue Ibrutinib Early Have Poor Outcomes
Most patients with relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who discontinued ibrutinib (Imbruvica) early “were difficult to treat and had poor outcomes,” according to a study of patients enrolled in four different clinical trials of ibrutinib, with or without rituximab...
Identifying Processes That Lead to Discontinuation of Chemotherapy for Patients With NSCLC at End of Life
According to a recent study by Perl et al published in the Journal of Oncology Practice, the administration of chemotherapy near death is recognized by patients, their families, and oncologists as “aggressive and poor-quality care.” Despite this, rates of end-of-life chemotherapy have...
Study Finds Price of Cancer Drugs Varies Widely Based on Who’s Paying
Uninsured cancer patients are paying anywhere from 2 to 43 times what Medicare would pay for chemotherapy drugs, according to a new study from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. These findings were published by Dusetzina et al in Health Affairs. Major Discrepancies Researchers led...
Study Finds Link Between Muscle-Building Supplements and Testicular Cancer
Men who reported taking muscle-building supplements, such as pills and powders with creatine or androstenedione, reported a significantly higher likelihood of having developed testicular cancer than men who did not use such supplements, according to a study by Li et al in the British Journal of...
Increasing Number of Boys Vaccinated Against HPV Could Protect More People at the Same Price
Public health programs that devote a portion of their funding to encourage more boys to be vaccinated against human papillomavirus (HPV)—rather than merely attempting to raise coverage among girls—may ultimately protect more people for the same price, a study from Duke University...
NPM1-Positive/FLT3-ITD–Negative Genotype Not Associated With Significantly Better Prognosis in Older AML Patients
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Ostronoff et al found that the presence of the NPM1-positive/FLT3-internal tandem duplication (ITD)–negative genotype—which is recognized as a marker of better prognosis in younger patients with acute myeloid leukemia—was...
Cancer Experts Find Too Many People Are Being Screened, Diagnosed, and Treated for Disease
A recent commentary published in Annals of Internal Medicine discusses the paradoxical finding that most patients are at below-average risk of disease and can expect to experience less-than-average benefits from a treatment. Yet, argue Vickers et al, too many people are being screened, diagnosed,...
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy Plus Cetuximab Appears Safe, Effective in Previously Irradiated Recurrent Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
In patients with previously irradiated recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, the combination of stereotactic body radiation therapy plus cetuximab (Erbitux) appears to be safe and effective, according to a study by Vargo et al in the International Journal of Radiation Oncology...
Worse Outcomes With Lapatinib vs Trastuzumab Plus Taxane in Advanced HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
In the phase III National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group (NCIC CTG) MA.31 trial, first-line treatment with lapatinib (Tykerb) vs trastuzumab (Herceptin) combined with a taxane was associated with poorer progression-free survival and greater toxicity in patients with advanced...
Study Finds Oncology Drug Pricing Models ‘Not Rational’
A statistical analysis of 51 oncology drugs approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2013, has found that cancer drug prices are rising faster than the prices in other sectors of health care and that the high cost of the drugs is not...
Cancer Patients Lack Knowledge but Desire More Information on Radiation-Based Medical Imaging Tests
A substantial gap exists between patient expectations and current practices for providing information about medical imaging tests that use radiation, according to a new study published by Thornton et al in the journal Radiology. Researchers said the findings highlight a need for better...
Adjuvant Ipilimumab Increases Recurrence-Free Survival vs Placebo After Complete Resection of High-Risk Stage III Melanoma
In the phase III EORTC 18071 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Eggermont et al found that adjuvant ipilimumab (Yervoy) significantly improved recurrence-free survival vs placebo in patients with completely resected stage III melanoma at high risk of disease recurrence. Ipilimumab was...
Analysis Indicates Poorer Progression-Free and Overall Survival With Lower Baseline Vitamin D Levels in Follicular Lymphoma Patients
In an analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Kelly et al found that low baseline serum vitamin D levels are associated with poorer progression-free and overall survival in patients with previously untreated follicular lymphoma. Study Details The study involved analysis of data...
Improved Quality Metrics for Robotic Pancreaticoduodenectomy With Increased Performance
In a retrospective single-institution study reported in JAMA Surgery, Boone et al found significant improvements in blood loss, incidence of conversion to open surgery, pancreatic fistula incidence, and operative time with increased number of patients treated with robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy....
Erythropoietin Plus Radiation Therapy Does Not Improve Local-Regional Control in Anemic Patients With Head and Neck Cancer
Long-term analysis of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 9903 demonstrates that the addition of erythropoietin did not improve local-regional control for anemic patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma who receive radiation therapy or chemoradiation, according to a study published...
Improved Progression-Free Survival With Brentuximab Vedotin Consolidation After Transplantation in Hodgkin Lymphoma
In the phase III AETHERA trial reported in The Lancet, Moskowitz et al found that brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris) consolidation therapy after autologous stem cell transplantation prolonged progression-free survival by 18 months vs placebo in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma at risk for relapse or...
Nocturnal Cortisol Levels May Provide a Noninvasive Biomarker of Ovarian Cancer Severity
Elevated nocturnal cortisol levels prior to surgery in patients with ovarian cancer were associated with shorter survival time, according to a study by Schrepf et al in Psychoneuroendocrinology. Thus, night-time cortisol levels may prove to be a noninvasive biomarker of ovarian cancer disease...
Very Low Breast Density on Mammography Worsens Breast Cancer Prognosis
Very low mammographic breast density worsens the prognosis of breast cancer, according to a recent study from the University of Eastern Finland. Researchers published their findings in an article by Masarwah et al in European Radiology. The lower the breast tissue density, the less fibroglandular...
Substantial Pathologist Diagnostic Disagreement for Breast Biopsy Specimens
In a study reported in JAMA, Elmore et al found a substantial rate of disagreement between pathologist diagnosis based on single breast biopsy slides and the consensus-derived diagnosis of a panel of pathologists. Disagreement rates were highest for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and atypical...
Asian Americans Have Better Cancer-Specific Mortality Than Non-Hispanic Whites
Numerous studies have documented racial differences in deaths from cancer among non-Hispanic whites and African Americans, but little has been known about survival outcomes for Asian Americans who have been diagnosed with cancer. In a new study published in the Journal of the National Cancer...
Low Use of Decision Aids for Localized Prostate Cancer by Radiation Oncologists and Urologists
In a survey study reported in JAMA Internal Medicine, Wang et al found that a minority of responding radiation oncologists and urologists used decision aids for localized prostate cancer in clinical practice. Study Details In the study, a survey regarding use of and attitudes toward decision aids ...
Nivolumab Increases Response Rate vs Chemotherapy in Advanced Melanoma With Progression After Anti–CTLA-4 Treatment
In the phase III CheckMate 037 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Weber et al found that treatment with the PD-1 inhibitor nivolumab (Opdivo) resulted in a significantly greater response rate vs chemotherapy as second- or later-line treatment in patients with advanced melanoma progressing after ...
New Study Reveals Effective Treatment Program for Breast Cancer Survivors With ‘Chemobrain’
In a new study, UCLA researchers have developed a cognitive rehabilitation program to address post-treatment cognitive changes, sometimes known as “chemobrain,” which can affect up to 35% of post-treatment breast cancer patients. Their findings were reported by Erocli et al in...
Liver-Sparing Surgery Associated With Higher Survival Rates in Cancer Patients
According to researchers at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), hepatic parenchymal preservation, in which a surgeon removes less than a lobe of the liver in a patient undergoing an operation for liver cancer, is associated with lower mortality and complication rates. Their study...
Translocation t(11;14) Associated With Poorer Outcome in Bortezomib-Treated Newly Diagnosed Amyloid Light-Chain Amyloidosis
In a single-institution study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Bochtler et al found that presence of the t(11;14) translocation on interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (iFISH) was associated with poorer hematologic event-free and overall survival in patients receiving...
No Differences in Patient-Reported Outcomes or Resource Use With Early vs Delayed Initiation of Palliative Care Intervention
In the ENABLE III study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Bakitas et al found that early vs delayed initiation of a palliative care intervention did not result in improved patient-reported outcomes or resource use. Early initiation was associated with better 1-year survival. Study...
Reduced Family Caregiver Depression With Early vs Delayed Palliative Care Intervention for Caregivers
In the ENABLE III study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Dionne-Odom et al found that early vs delayed use of a palliative care intervention for family caregivers of patients with advanced cancer reduced caregiver depression scores and caregiver stress burden. No differences in...
Overweight Girls Face Increased Risk of Colorectal Cancer Later in Life
Girls who are overweight as young children and teens may face an increased risk for colorectal cancer decades later, regardless of what they weigh as adults, suggests a new study published by Zhang et al in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. “Our study supports the growing...
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms Associated With Colorectal Cancer Preventive Effect of Aspirin or NSAIDs in Persons of European Descent
In a study reported in JAMA, Nan et al found that two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer with regular aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use by persons of European descent. Study Details The case-control study...
Study Finds Both the Number of Childhood Cancer Survivors and the Prevalence of Morbidity Are Increasing
Researchers investigating the prevalence of childhood cancer survivors and the population-level burden of morbidity in these survivors have found that although the number of childhood cancer survivors has increased by nearly 60,000 since 2005, the majority of those who have survived 5 or more years ...
Experimental Immunotherapy Delays Recurrence for Stage III and IV Ovarian Cancers
According to a phase II study presented at the Society of Gynecologic Oncology Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer, an experimental immunotherapy is in the works that can target an individual woman’s ovarian tumor and extend the time period between initial treatment and the cancer’s...
Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping Identifies Positive Lymph Nodes in Women With High-Risk Endometrial Cancer
In a study of women with high-grade endometrial cancer, researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center found sentinel lymph node mapping accurately identified all women with node-positive, high-risk endometrial cancer, when prospectively compared to a complete pelvic and...
Addition of Bevacizumab to Chemotherapy Extends Survival in Women With Platinum-Sensitive Recurrent Ovarian Cancer
In a phase III study of women with ovarian cancer, researchers found that the addition of bevacizumab (Avastin) to standard chemotherapy extended median overall survival by 5 months compared to standard chemotherapy alone. The bevacizumab combination was also associated with a significant...
Italian Trial Shows Benefit of Dose-Dense Adjuvant Therapy With Sequential Epirubicin-Cyclophosphamide-Paclitaxel in Early Node-Positive Breast Cancer
In an Italian 2×2 phase III trial reported in The Lancet, Del Mastro et al found that dose-dense adjuvant therapy with sequential epirubicin, cyclophosphamide, and paclitaxel (EC-P) with or without fluorouracil (5-FU) increased disease-free survival vs standard-interval therapy in early-stage ...
Panobinostat and Carfilzomib Combination Appears Safe and Effective in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma
In patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, the combination of panobinostat (Farydak) and carfilzomib (Kyprolis) appears to be safe and effective, according to a phase I/II study by Berdeja et al in Haematologica. Further evaluation of this combination treatment is warranted to establish ...
No Survival Benefit of IGF-1R/Insulin Receptor Inhibitor Linsitinib in Advanced Adrenocortical Carcinoma
In a phase III trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Fassnacht et al found that linsitinib, an insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) and insulin receptor inhibitor, did not improve overall survival vs placebo in patients with previously treated locally advanced or metastatic...
Younger Men Who Survive 10 Years After Radical Prostatectomy Are More Likely to Die of Non–Cancer-Related Causes
A new study suggests that after radical prostatectomy for high-risk prostate cancer, both the age of the patient and the time survived since the operation have a significant impact on the cause of death. This means that, for young men with high-risk prostate cancer, doctors may have to reevaluate...
Smokers Have Twice the Risk of Prostate Cancer Recurrence After Surgery as Never-Smokers
Current smokers, and those who have quit smoking less than 10 years previously, have twice the risk of a recurrence of prostate cancer after surgery, according to new research by Rieken et al presented at the European Association of Urology (EAU) 2015 Congress in Madrid (Abstract 508). In 2012,...
No Improvement in Complete Remission Rate With Cytarabine Plus Amonafide L-Malate vs Daunorubicin in Secondary AML
In a phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Stone et al found that the combination of cytarabine and amonafide L-malate, a DNA intercalator and non–ATP-dependent topoisomerase II inhibitor, did not improve complete remission rate compared with cytarabine plus...
Study Compares Incidence and Severity of Treatment-Related Neuropathy in Patients With Colorectal Cancer vs Other Cancers
Patients with colorectal cancer experience significantly higher rates of numbness/tingling but comparable neuropathic pain relative to patients with other cancers, according to a study by Lewis et al in the Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. In addition, numbness/tingling was more likely to be ...
Genome-Wide CRISPR Screen Provides Better Understanding of Tumor Evolution and Metastasis
Scientists from the Broad Institute and the Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT used CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology to “knock out,” or turn off, all genes across the genome systematically in a mouse model of non–small cell lung cancer cells and then tested...
Decline in Proportion of Lung Cancer Patients Meeting Screening Criteria
In a study reported in a research letter in JAMA, Wang et al found that the proportion of patients with lung cancer who would have met U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) criteria for low-dose computed tomography (CT) lung screening decreased significantly between the periods of 1984 to...
No Difference in Event-Free Survival With Stem Cell Transplantation Using Matched Unrelated vs Sibling Donor Grafts in Children With ALL
In a European trial (Berlin-Frankfurt-Muenster study group trial ALL-SCT-BFM 2003) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Peters et al found no difference in event-free survival with stem cell transplantation using matched unrelated vs sibling donors in pediatric patients with high-risk...
Experts Explore the Reasons Behind the High Cost of Cancer Drugs in America
Increasingly high prices for cancer drugs are affecting patient care, as well as the health-care system overall, in the United States. These findings were published in a special article by Rajkumar and Kantarjian in the journal Mayo Clinic Proceedings. “Americans with cancer pay 50% to 100%...
Measuring Minimal Residual Disease Levels Proves to Be a Powerful Tool for Guiding Leukemia Treatment
According to a prospective study led by researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, measuring the concentration of leukemia cells in patient bone marrow during the first 46 days of chemotherapy may help boost survival of young leukemia patients by better matching patients with the right...
