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Showing 20501 - 20550Long-Term Use of Aspirin and Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs May Be Associated With Reduced Colorectal Cancer Risk
A large population-based control study of the use of low-dose aspirin or other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and colorectal cancer risk has found that taking 75 mg to 150 mg of aspirin for 5 years or longer was associated with a 27% reduced risk of colorectal cancer. In addition, 5 or more...
Study Evaluates Breast Cancer Mortality in Women With DCIS
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Narod et al found that the risk of breast cancer mortality was elevated in some patients with ductal carcinoma in situ compared with the general population, with the risk being higher in younger vs older women and black vs white women. Approximately half of...
Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy and Proflavine Staining May Speed Up Breast Cancer Diagnosis
New software could speed up breast cancer diagnosis with 90% accuracy without the need for a specialist, according to research published by Dobbs et al in Breast Cancer Research. This method could improve breast cancer management, particularly in developing countries, where pathologists are not...
Rolapitant Reduced Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Patients Receiving Highly Emetogenic Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy
In two phase III trials reported in The Lancet Oncology, Rapoport et al found that the addition of rolapitant to serotonin (5-HT3) receptor antagonist and dexamethasone treatment significantly improved complete response rates in prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in patients...
Danish Analysis Indicates Increased Risk of Late Adverse Outcomes in Patients Treated for Relapsed Disseminated Testicular Germ Cell Cancer
In a Danish analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Lauritsen et al found that patients with testicular germ cell cancer who survived after more than one line of treatment for disseminated disease had an increased risk of late toxicity and death resulting from causes other than germ...
Black Women Less Likely Than Women of Other Races and Ethnicities to Survive Endometrial Cancer
Non-Hispanic black women with endometrial cancer had worse outcomes than women of other racial/ethnic groups diagnosed with the same subtype of endometrial cancer and at the same stage of disease, according to a study published by Cote et al in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention....
Multigene Panel Testing for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Risk Assessment
Multigene testing of women who tested negative for BRCA1 and BRCA2 found some of them harbored other harmful genetic mutations—most commonly, moderate-risk breast and ovarian cancer genes, as well as Lynch syndrome genes (which increase the risk of ovarian cancer)—according to an...
Pembrolizumab Cutaneous Adverse Events May Predict Better Response
In a single-center retrospective review reported in JAMA Dermatology, Sanlorenzo et al found that cutaneous adverse events in patients receiving the anti–PD-1 agent pembrolizumab (Keytruda), currently approved for treatment of melanoma, may indicate better treatment response. Study Details...
Adjuvant Taxane-Based Chemotherapy Is Not Associated With Increased Risk of Lymphedema, Study Finds
In women with breast cancer, taxane-based chemotherapy—docetaxel and paclitaxel—did not appear to increase the incidence of lymphedema, according to a study by Swaroop et al in Breast Cancer Research and Treatment. However, the investigators did note that adjuvant chemotherapy with...
Analysis Indicates That Tubal Ligation Is Associated With Lower Endometrial Cancer Stage at Diagnosis and Improved Survival
In an analysis from the NRG Oncology/Gynecologic Oncology Group 210 trial reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Felix et al found that tubal ligation, which should impede transtubal passage of cells, was associated with lower stage of endometrial cancer at presentation and...
Organ Transplant Recipients May Be More Likely to Develop Aggressive Melanoma
Organ transplant recipients are twice as likely to develop melanoma as people who do not undergo a transplant and three times more likely to die of the skin cancer, suggested new research by a multi-institutional team. The findings, reported by Robbins et al in the Journal of Investigative...
Study Finds Music Therapy Lowers Anxiety During Surgical Breast Biopsies
A first-of-its-kind study published by Bradley Palmer et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology found that music therapy lessened anxiety for women undergoing surgical breast biopsies for cancer diagnosis and treatment. The 2-year study, conducted at University Hospitals (UH) Seidman Cancer Center, ...
FDA Grants Regular Approval to Brentuximab Vedotin as Post-Transplant Consolidation Therapy for High-Risk Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris) as post–autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation consolidation treatment for patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma at high risk of relapse or progression, Seattle Genetics has announced. The...
Study Identifies Gene Mutations Associated With Aggressive Multiple Myeloma
Using whole-exome sequencing on newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma, British researchers identified 15 genes that were significantly mutated in a subset of patients and mapped how these mutations related to long-term survival. They found 90% of patients with very aggressive disease who...
Hypofractionation of Breast Radiotherapy Associated With Reduced Acute Toxicity
In an analysis reported in JAMA Oncology, Jagsi et al found that hypofractionation of whole-breast radiotherapy was associated with reduced acute toxicity compared with conventional fractionation. Study Details The study involved data on physician-assessed toxic effects and patient-reported...
Study Reveals Effects of Chemoradiation in Brains of Glioblastoma Patients
A study from Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center researchers—the first to examine the effects of combined radiation and chemotherapy on the healthy brain tissue of glioblastoma patients—revealed not only specific structural changes within patients’ brains, but also...
Higher Coffee Intake Associated With Significantly Reduced Cancer Recurrence and Increased Survival in Patients With Late-Stage Colon Cancer
A large observational study investigating the effect of coffee consumption on advanced-stage colon cancer and survival has found that patients who drank four or more cups of coffee a day were 42% less likely to experience a recurrence than non-coffee drinkers and were 33% less likely to die from...
Most Stage-Specific Survival Improvement in Women With Breast Cancer Under Age 70 Is Not Explained by Tumor Size or Estrogen Receptor Status
In an analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Park et al found that most of the improvement in breast cancer–specific mortality observed over time in the United States is not explained by tumor size or estrogen receptor status in women aged < 70 years, suggesting a major...
POLE-Mutant and Microsatellite-Unstable Endometrial Tumors May Be Candidates for Anti–PD-1 Treatment
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Howitt et al found that polymerase e (POLE)-mutant and microsatellite-unstable endometrial tumors may be candidates for anti–PD-1 (programmed cell death protein 1) immunotherapy. Study Details In the study, neoantigen load was predicted on the basis of...
Adding Oxaliplatin to Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy and Postoperative Chemotherapy Improves Disease-Free Survival in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
Final results of the German phase III CAO/ARO/AIO-04 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology by Rödel et al showed that adding oxaliplatin to fluorouracil (5-FU)–based neoadjuvant chemoradiation and postoperative chemotherapy improved disease-free survival in patients with locally advanced ...
Malaria-Causing Parasite May Contribute to Development of Burkitt Lymphoma
In an equatorial African region known as the “lymphoma belt,” children are ten times more likely than in other parts of the world to develop Burkitt lymphoma. This area is also plagued by high rates of malaria, and scientists have spent the past 50 years trying to understand how the two ...
Combining Interleukin-2 With Imiquimod and Topical Retinoid Therapy May Be Effective Against Cutaneous Metastatic Melanoma
A novel combination therapy appears to be effective in treating patients with melanoma skin metastases, according to new research from the University of California (UC) Davis. Led by Emanual Maverakis, MD, of the UC Davis Department of Dermatology, the research found that interleukin-2...
Identification of Risk Factors for Melanoma in Survivors of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Risk for melanoma has been found to be increased in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) survivors. In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Lam et al found that T-cell–activating autoimmune diseases and fludarabine use were associated with an increased melanoma risk among patients with ...
Patients With Breast Cancer Over Age 80 Less Likely to Benefit From Chemotherapy Alone Than Younger Patients
Chemotherapy prolongs life for older adults with most types of cancer, but for women with breast cancer over age 80, the chances of survival with chemotherapy alone are significantly lower than in younger patients, according to a study led by researchers from the University of Texas...
French Phase II Trial Suggests No Benefit of Adding Bevacizumab to Paclitaxel in Advanced Angiosarcoma
In a French phase II trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Ray-Coquard et al found no apparent benefit of paclitaxel plus bevacizumab (Avastin) compared with weekly paclitaxel in patients with inoperable locally advanced or metastatic angiosarcoma. Study Details In this...
Susceptibility Gene Identified for Familial Nonmedullary Thyroid Cancer
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Gara et al identified a germline HABP2 mutation as a susceptibility gene for familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer. Identification of HABP2 Variant In a kindred study, whole-exome sequencing was performed using peripheral blood DNA from affected...
Limited Resection Not Equivalent to Lobectomy for Survival in Older Patients With Early-Stage Lung Cancer
In an analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Veluswamy et al found that limited resection was not equivalent to lobectomy in overall survival among older patients with stage IA invasive adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Among patients with adenocarcinoma,...
Investigational Topical Gel Is Safe and Effective in Patients With Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma, Phase I Trial Shows
Results of a phase I trial show that an investigational topical drug, resiquimod gel, causes regression of both treated and untreated tumor lesions and may completely remove cancerous cells from both sites in patients with early-stage cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Currently, there is no cure for...
Annual Incidence of Melanoma Projected to Increase Markedly by 2030
As reported in Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report by Guy et al, data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) indicate that there were an estimated 65,647 new cases of invasive melanoma in the United States in 2011. In the absence of intervention, the annual incidence is...
Long-Term Survival in Ovarian Cancer May Be Better Than Expected in Some Patients
Combing data collected on thousands of California patients with ovarian cancer, University of California Davis researchers have determined that almost one-third of patients survived at least 10 years after diagnosis. The findings upend the notion that women diagnosed with cancer of the ovaries...
Key Genetic Factor in Cell Proliferation in Moles Identified
Scientists have known for years that a mutation in the BRAF gene makes moles start to grow but until now have not understood why they sometimes do not become cancerous. Researchers from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania have identified a major genetic factor that...
Study Finds Increased Short-Term Risk for Cardiovascular Disease Mortality After Chemotherapy for Testicular Nonseminoma
In a population-based study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Fung et al found a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular disease mortality during the first year after chemotherapy for testicular nonseminoma. No increased risk of cardiovascular disease mortality after surgery was...
Addition of Docetaxel to Androgen-Deprivation Therapy Improves Survival in Metastatic Prostate Cancer
In the phase III E3805 trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Sweeney et al found that chemohormonal therapy with docetaxel plus androgen-deprivation therapy produced a significant 13.6-month increase in median overall survival vs androgen-deprivation therapy alone in men with...
Packaging Paclitaxel in Nanoparticles May Increase Drug Efficacy in Preclinical Models
Duke University researchers found that packaging the widely used cancer drug paclitaxel into nanoparticles more than doubled the drug’s effectiveness in destroying tumors in preclinical models. Their findings were published by Bhattacharyya et al in Nature Communications. Paclitaxel has been ...
Delay in Treatment, Missed Diagnostic Testing Found Among Patients With Lung Cancer
Patients undergoing surgery for lung cancer may wait too long to receive treatment, and too many patients skip vital diagnostic steps that are needed to help determine the best possible treatment, according to findings published by Faris et al in The Annals of Thoracic Surgery. The 5-year relative ...
ASCO Statement: Improving the Evidence Base for Treating Older Adults With Cancer
Older persons are the fastest growing segment of the U.S. population and account for the majority of cancer diagnoses and deaths and the majority of cancer survivors. However, since this population is underrepresented in clinical trials, the evidence base for treating older patients is poor. As...
17-Year Follow-up Indicates Early but Not Overall Reduction in Breast Cancer Mortality With Annual Mammography Screening at Age 40-49 Years
The 17-year follow-up in the UK Age trial, reported in The Lancet Oncology by Moss et al, indicated a reduction in breast cancer mortality during the first 10 years after diagnosis but not thereafter among women invited for annual mammography screening from age 40 to 49 years compared with...
Birinapant in Combination With Carboplatin May Be Effective Against Serous Ovarian Cancer
High-grade serous ovarian cancer often responds well to the chemotherapy drug carboplatin, but it frequently recurs after the first line of treatment. A team of University of California, Los Angeles, researchers has discovered that a subset of tumor cells that don’t produce the protein CA125, ...
Proteins Found in Urine May Serve as Biomarker for Early-Stage Pancreatic Cancer
A team of researchers at Barts Cancer Institute–Queen Mary University of London has discovered a combination of three proteins found at high levels in urine that can accurately detect early-stage pancreatic cancer. The discovery could lead to a noninvasive, inexpensive test to...
ASCO Clinical Practice Guideline: Use of Biomarkers to Guide Decisions on Systemic Therapy for Women With Metastatic Breast Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Van Poznak et al, ASCO has issued a clinical practice guideline on the use of biomarkers to guide decisions on systemic therapy in women with metastatic breast cancer. The statement is based on an ASCO expert panel assessment of systematic reviews, ...
Researchers Identify Marker for Basal-Like Breast Cancer
A new way to detect—and perhaps treat—one of the deadliest types of breast cancer may have been found. Led by researchers at Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM), the study was published by Papageorgis et al in Breast Cancer Research. A subset of the triple-negative breast...
Long Telomere Length Associated With Increased Lung Cancer Risk
A large-scale genetic study of the links between telomere length and risk for five common cancers found that long telomeres are associated with an increased risk of lung adenocarcinoma. No significant associations between telomere length and other cancer types or subtypes were observed. The study,...
Benefit of Adjuvant Letrozole vs Tamoxifen Is Greater in Lobular Than in Ductal Breast Cancer
In a BIG 1-98 trial analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Metzger Filho et al found that the benefit of adjuvant letrozole vs tamoxifen was greater in patients with lobular than ductal breast carcinoma. Study Details In the BIG 1-98 trial, postmenopausal women with hormone...
ASCO Clinical Practice Guideline Update: Recommendations for Using White Blood Cell Growth Factors
ASCO has issued a clinical practice guideline update on the use of hematopoietic colony-stimulating factors, as reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Smith et al. This update to the ASCO 2006 guideline was based on a systematic review of randomized clinical trials, meta-analyses, and ...
Pretreatment TNF Level May Be Associated With Memory Impairment in Women With Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Patel et al found that inflammatory cytokine levels were associated with poorer memory function in women with newly diagnosed breast cancer, with higher pretreatment levels of soluble tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor type ...
Researchers Identify Vital Gene for Preserving Gastrointestinal Health During Cancer Treatment
The stem cells in the gut divide so fast that they create a completely new population of epithelial cells every week. However, this quick cell division is also why radiation and chemotherapy wreak havoc on the gastrointestinal systems of patients with cancer, as such therapies target rapidly...
Fluorescent Imaging of Lung Lesions During Surgery May Localize Tumors and Improve Precision
More than 80,000 people undergo resection of a pulmonary tumor each year, and currently the only method to determine whether the tumor is malignant is histologic analysis. A new study reported that a targeted molecular contrast agent can be used successfully to render lung adenocarcinomas...
No Difference in Overall Survival With Addition of Quinolone Derivative Vosaroxin to Cytarabine in Relapsed or Refractory AML
In a phase III VALOR trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Ravandi et al found that the addition of the quinolone derivative vosaroxin to cytarabine did not significantly improve overall survival in patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, differences favoring...
Analysis Suggests Use of Pioglitazone for Diabetes May Increase Risk of Prostate and Pancreatic Cancers But Not Bladder Cancer
Available data suggest an increased risk of bladder cancer with pioglitazone treatment for diabetes. In an analysis of Kaiser Permanente Northern California data reported in JAMA, Lewis et al found no significantly increased risk of bladder cancer in patients with diabetes ever using pioglitazone....
Study Finds Underinvestment in Long-Term Cancer Research
Pharmaceutical firms underinvest in long-term research to develop new cancer-fighting drugs due to the greater time and cost required to conduct such research, according to a newly published study authored by Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) economists. These findings were published by...
