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Showing 18151 - 18200Infertility in Men Raises Their Risk for Cancer
A cohort study of 2,238 men who were evaluated for infertility at a clinic in Texas from 1989 to 2009 found that those men who had azoospermia, a condition in which no measurable sperm is present, had a 2.2-fold higher cancer risk compared with those who were nonazoospermic. The study was published ...
Soy Protein Supplementation Does Not Reduce Risk of Prostate Cancer Recurrence after Radical Prostatectomy
Among men who had undergone radical prostatectomy, daily consumption of a beverage powder supplement containing soy protein isolate for 2 years did not reduce or delay development of biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer compared to men who received placebo, according to a study in the July 10...
Technologies for Monitoring Minimal Residual Disease May Help Predict Outcomes for Patients with Leukemia
New evidence suggests that using advanced genetics technologies to monitor for remaining cancer cells after treatment may soon become an effective tool to inform treatment decisions and ultimately predict patient outcomes for patients with a particularly aggressive form of acute lymphocytic...
New Guidelines Issued in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma–related Bone Disease
The International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) has developed clinical practice recommendations for the management of multiple myeloma–related bone disease based on published study data through August 2012. Consensus of the interdisciplinary panel of clinical experts on the plasma-cell...
Bladder-sparing Trimodal Chemotherapy Produces Good Response in Patients with Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer
In a phase II study reported in Lancet Oncology, Timur Mitin, MD, of Massachusetts General Hospital, and colleagues assessed the effects of adding paclitaxel or fluorouracil (5-FU) to radiation therapy plus cisplatin followed by adjuvant chemotherapy in a program of selected bladder preservation in ...
High Prediagnosis Red Meat Consumption Associated with Increased All-cause Mortality in Patients with Colorectal Cancer
There is evidence that diets high in red and processed meat are associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer. In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Marjorie L. McCullough, ScD, and colleagues from the Epidemiology Research Program of the American Cancer Society examined the...
ASCO Releases Updated Guideline on Interventions for Women at Increased Risk for Breast Cancer
The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) issued a newly updated clinical practice guideline today on pharmacologic prevention interventions for premenopausal and postmenopausal women who are at increased risk for breast cancer. Compared to the previous version of the guideline, this third...
Aspirin May Help Prevent Cancer in Patients with Barrett’s Esophagus
Although aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been shown to reduce cancer mortality by 20%, exactly why these drugs reduce the number of cancer incidences and deaths is not known. Now, a small longitudinal study of 13 patients with Barrett’s esophagus is...
Volumetric Growth Rate of Small Colorectal Polyps on CT Colonography May Be Useful Risk Marker
The growth rates and clinical importance of small colorectal polyps have not been well established. In a study reported in Lancet Oncology, Perry J. Pickhardt, MD, of the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, and colleagues found that volumetric growth rate on computed...
African Americans with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Do Not Live as Long as Caucasians, Despite Equal Care
A new analysis has found that among patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), African Americans more commonly present with advanced disease and tend to have shorter survival times than Caucasians despite receiving the same care. The results, published early online in Cancer, suggest that...
Two HIV Patients Show No Signs of Disease Following Bone Marrow Transplants for Hodgkin Lymphoma
Timothy Henrich, MD, Associate Physician in the Division of Infectious Disease at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, reported that two patients with long-standing HIV infections have no detectable levels of the disease in their blood cells, even though they stopped taking their...
Proton Radiation Is Not Associated with Increased Risk of Secondary Cancers When Compared with Photon Radiation
A retrospective cohort study of 558 patients treated with proton radiation from 1973 to 2001 at the Harvard Cyclotron Laboratory in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and data from 558 matched patients treated with photon therapy in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program cancer...
Height Differences May Explain Excess Cancer Risk for Men
Most cancers occur more frequently in men than in women and greater height has been associated with increased risk for some cancers. In a study reported in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Roland B. Walter, MD, PhD, of the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, and colleagues found that...
ASCO and Other Cancer Groups Ask for Guidance on Protecting Patient Access to Clinical Trials
A jointly signed letter by ASCO and more than 50 other cancer and health-care organizations to the Secretary of Health and Human Services (HHS) Kathleen Sebelius and Acting Secretary of the Department of Labor (DOL) Seth D. Harris asks that they provide clear federal regulations and guidance on...
Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Safe and Effective for Patients with Stage I Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
According to a recently published analysis in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is safe and effective for patients with stage I non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a multicenter environment. In addition, radiotherapy dosage was identified as a major...
Intercalated Chemotherapy plus Erlotinib Improves Survival in Asian Patients with Advanced NSCLC and Known or Unknown EGFR Mutation Status
In a phase III trial (FASTACT-2) conducted in 28 centers in seven Asian countries, Yi-Long Wu, MD, of the Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences and colleagues found that the intercalated combination of erlotinib (Tarceva) and chemotherapy improved progression-free survival vs chemotherapy alone as...
Acupuncture May Reduce Arm Lymphedema in Patients with Breast Cancer
Arm lymphedema affects approximately 30% of breast cancer survivors, with rates increasing with longer follow-up and cases presenting well beyond the active treatment period. Lymphedema is observed even with use of less-invasive surgical techniques for staging, and risk is further increased by such ...
Progression of Renal Cell Carcinoma Linked to Shifts in Tumor Metabolism
Investigators in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Research Network have uncovered a connection between how tumor cells use energy from metabolic processes and the aggressiveness of the most common form of kidney cancer, clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Their findings demonstrate that normal...
Crizotinib Improves Progression-free Survival vs Pemetrexed or Docetaxel in Advanced ALK-positive NSCLC
In a phase III trial reported by Alice T. Shaw, MD, PhD, of Massachusetts General Hospital, and colleagues in The New England Journal of Medicine, crizotinib (Xalkori) improved progression-free survival compared with standard chemotherapy in previously treated patients with advanced...
Active Surveillance May Miss Aggressive Prostate Cancers in African American Men
A study of more than 1,800 men aged 52 to 62 suggests that African Americans diagnosed with very low-risk prostate cancers are much more likely than white men to actually have aggressive disease that goes unrecognized with current diagnostic approaches. Although prior studies have found it safe to...
Lugano 2013: BCL2 Overexpression and Non–Germinal Center B-cell–like Subtype Predict Poorer Survival in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma
In studies to identify prognostic factors in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, Thierry J. Molina, MD, PhD, of Paris Descartes University, and colleagues assessed expression of MYC, BCL2, MYC/BCL2, IgM, and germinal center B-cell–like and non–germinal center B-cell–like subtypes in a ...
Majority of Patients with Incurable Lung Cancer Have Inaccurate Expectations about Goals of Radiation Therapy
Aileen B. Chen, MD, MPP, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and colleagues in the Cancer Care Outcomes Research and Surveillance (CanCORS) Consortium recently assessed patient expectations regarding goals of radiation therapy (RT) for incurable lung cancer. They ...
Study Reveals Abstracts with Financial Conflicts of Interest Have Higher Meeting Prominence, Better Peer Review Score
Beverly Moy, MD, Clinical Director of the Breast Oncology Program at Massachusetts General Hospital, and colleagues recently analyzed the relationship between declaration of financial conflicts of interest and "research prominence" for abstracts presented at American Society of Clinical Oncology...
Use of Advanced Treatment Technologies Increases among Men at Low Risk of Dying from Prostate Cancer
Use of advanced treatment technologies for prostate cancer, such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and robotic prostatectomy, has increased among men with low-risk disease, high risk of noncancer mortality, or both, a population of patients who are unlikely to benefit from these...
Lugano 2013: PET-guided Radiation Therapy Improves Survival in Patients with Advanced Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma
Residual masses are often detected on post-therapy computed tomography (CT) scans in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and the potential role of consolidative radiation therapy in such cases remains undefined. An analysis of the use of PET-guided radiation therapy presented by Laurie H....
Lugano 2013: Ibrutinib Highly Active in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia with 17p Deletion
The 17p deletion in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is associated with worse outcome in patients receiving standard chemotherapy. The Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor ibrutinib has shown durable antitumor activity in high-risk CLL. Adrian Wiestner, MD, PhD, of the National...
New Study Finds AICR Recommendations Cut Breast Cancer Risk
Postmenopausal women who follow at least five Recommendations for Cancer Prevention from the American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) cut their risk of developing breast cancer by more than half, compared to those who meet none, suggests a new study that adds to previous research showing...
Chemotherapy-induced Neuropathy Has Long-term Effect on Colorectal Cancer Survivors
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Floortje Mols, PhD, of the Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic Diseases, Tilburg University, and colleagues assessed the prevalence and severity of chemotherapy-induced neuropathy and its affect on health-related quality of life in...
Two Bills before Congress Aim to Fight Breast Cancer and End Disparities in Care
Members of Congress are considering two bills that could advance cures for breast cancer and provide better education for women grappling with decisions about their treatment options. Accelerating the End of Breast Cancer Act Accelerating the End of Breast Cancer Act of 2013 (S. 865/H.R. 1830)...
Researchers Identify and Map Signaling Pathway from EGFR to MCM7 Protein
Researchers have discovered and mapped the signaling network between two previously unconnected proteins, exposing a link that, if broken, could cut off cancer cell growth at its starting point. A team led by scientists at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center reported the tie between...
First-line Carboplatin plus Pemetrexed Improves Survival vs Pemetrexed Alone in Patients with Advanced NSCLC and Poor Performance Status
A significant proportion of patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have poor performance status, and optimal clinical management of these patients has not been established. In an attempt to help define optimal chemotherapy in such patients, Mauro Zukin, MD, of Instituto...
Screening Colonoscopy Associated with Increased Survival Duration and Rates for Patients with Colon Cancer
Patients with colon cancer identified on screening colonoscopy appear to have lower-stage disease on presentation and better outcomes independent of their staging, according to a report published online today in JAMA Surgery. Since their introduction in 2000, National Institutes of Health...
Imatinib Active in Melanomas with KIT Mutation but Not KIT Amplification Alone
Mutations and amplifications in the KIT oncogene have been identified in mucosal and acral melanomas and in melanomas arising on chronically sun-damaged skin. In a multicenter phase II study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, F. Stephen Hodi, MD, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and...
Novel Selective ALK Inhibitor Demonstrates Good Activity in Advanced NSCLC
Crizotinib (Xalkori), a multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is the only agent currently available for treating ALK-rearranged non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). CH5424802 is a novel selective oral ALK inhibitor with activity in tumor cell lines harboring ALK alterations,...
Impact of Age on Efficacy of Newer Adjuvant Therapies in Patients with Stage II/III Colon Cancer
Available data suggest that patients with stage II/III colon cancer receive similar benefit from intravenous fluorouracil (5-FU) adjuvant therapy regardless of age. Combination regimens and oral fluoropyrimidine therapy are now standard treatments in this setting. Nadine J. McCleary, MD, MPH, and...
ASCO 2013: Genomic Heterogeneity Can Lead to the Selection of ‘Incorrect’ Targeted Inhibitors
Genomic heterogeneity within tumors and among lesions varies widely, and “discordance among lesions could lead to the selection of the ‘incorrect’ targeted inhibitor,” according to David B. Solit, MD, of Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, who spoke at the ASCO/American...
Osteoporosis Drug Stops Growth of Breast Cancer Cells in Tamoxifen-resistant Tumors
A drug approved in Europe to treat osteoporosis has now been shown to stop the growth of breast cancer cells, even in cancers that have become resistant to current targeted therapies, according to a study presented at the Endocrine Society’s 95th Annual Meeting in San Francisco. The findings ...
Metabolic Molecule Drives Growth of High-grade Glioma
A study led by researchers at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute (OSUCCC – James) has identified an abnormal metabolic pathway that drives cancer cell growth in a particular glioblastoma...
Human Genes May Not Be Patented, Rules the Supreme Court
The U.S. Supreme Court ruled unanimously on Thursday that isolated human genes may not be patented. However, the creation of synthetic forms of DNA, known as complementary DNA (cDNA), is eligible for patent protection. The decision resolves the question brought before the Supreme Court justices in...
Younger Age Does Not Significantly Impact Recurrence or Benefit from Trastuzumab in Early-stage HER2-positive Breast Cancer
Available data suggest that younger age is an independent risk factor for disease recurrence and death in women with breast cancer. However, there has not been adequate study of the interaction of age with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status or anti-HER2 treatment. In an analysis ...
FDA Approves Denosumab to Treat Giant Cell Tumor of the Bone
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today expanded the approved use of denosumab (Xgeva) to treat adults and some adolescents with giant cell tumor of the bone, a rare and usually noncancerous tumor. Denosumab, which was granted orphan product designation, was reviewed under the FDA’s ...
ASCO 2013: First Prospective Trial Shows Molecular Profiling Timely for Tailoring Therapy
A clinical trial has shown that patients and their physicians are eager to jump into the next generation of cancer care: analysis of an individual’s tumor to find and target genetic mutations that drive the cancer. Results of the study, CUSTOM, were presented at the 2013 ASCO Annual Meeting...
ASCO 2013: Lung Cancer Mutations ALK and ROS1 Also Drive Colorectal Cancer
A study from the University of Colorado Cancer Center shows that the ALK and ROS1 gene rearrangements known to drive subsets of lung cancer are also present in some colorectal cancers. Results imply that drugs used to target ALK and ROS1 in lung cancer may also have applications in this subset of...
Critically Ill Patients with Hematologic Malignancies Admitted to ICU Have Good Survival, Disease Control, and Quality of Life
A large prospective multicenter cohort study in France and Belgium, reported by the Groupe de Recherche Respiratoire en Réanimation Onco-Hématologique, has shown that critically ill patients with hematologic malignancies admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) have good survival,...
Sequential PET/MRI Predicts Chemotherapy’s Ability to Improve Survival in Patients with Advanced Breast Cancer
For patients with advanced breast cancer, positron-emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can improve quality of life and survival by providing physicians with information on the effectiveness of chemotherapy prior to surgery, according to researchers presenting at the 2013...
Reducing Unnecessary and High-dose Pediatric CT Scans Could Cut Future Cancers by More than Half
A study examining trends in x-ray computed tomography (CT) use in children in the United States has found that reducing unnecessary scans and lowering the doses for the highest-dose scans could lower the overall lifetime risk of future imaging-related cancers by 62%. The research was published...
National Institutes of Health Issues Projected Impact of Sequestration on Programs
Earlier this month, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) released its updated projections of reductions in programs due to the deficit-budget mechanism known as sequestration, which took effect on March 1, 2013. The sequestration law requires NIH to cut 5%, or $1.55 billion, of its fiscal year...
FDA Clears Multicenter Trial of Treatment for Chemotherapy-related Hair Loss
The FDA has approved initiation of a multicenter trial of the DigniCap System, a scalp-cooling device for chemotherapy-related hair loss. The trial is the second and final phase of study for the DigniCap System. A pilot study previously conducted by researchers at the University of California San...
Clinical Sequencing Technology Identifies New Targets in Diverse Cancers
Novel abnormalities in the FGFR gene, called FGFR fusions, were identified in a spectrum of cancers, and preliminary results with cancer cells harboring FGFR fusions suggested that some patients with these cancers may benefit from treatment with FGFR inhibitor drugs, according to data published in...
ASCO 2013: Novel Heat Shock Protein Inhibitor Effective in Combination with Docetaxel as Second-line Therapy for Advanced Lung Cancer
A large randomized phase II study, GALAXY-1, found that a novel heat shock protein (Hsp) 90 inhibitor, ganetespib, when combined with docetaxel in second-line therapy, leads to longer overall survival compared to standard second-line docetaxel alone in patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma...
