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Showing 17101 - 17150Androgen Receptor Abnormality May Not Be Associated With Primary Resistance to Taxane Chemotherapy
Findings from a small prospective study suggest that androgen receptor V7 (or AR-V7) status does not significantly affect response to taxane chemotherapy in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Treatment outcomes were largely similar for the 17 patients with...
FDA Approves Panobinostat Combination for the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved panobinostat (Farydak) in combination with bortezomib (Velcade) and dexamethasone for the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma. Panobinostat is the first histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor approved to treat multiple myeloma. It is...
Classic vs Rare EGFR Mutations in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Have Distinct Epidemiology, Clinical Implications
Certain rare epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are associated with tobacco smoking, worse prognosis, and poor response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy, compared with more common, classic EGFR mutations. However, as not all rare mutations are the same, testing and therapy...
Final 8-Year Analysis of Intergroup Trial Shows Survival Benefit With Addition of Radiotherapy to Androgen-Deprivation Therapy in Prostate Cancer
In the final prespecified analysis of an Intergroup trial (NCIC Clinical Trials Group PR.3/Medical Research Council PR07/Intergroup T94-0110) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Mason et al found that overall survival and cancer-specific survival at 8 years were significantly greater with ...
Prior Cancer Does Not Affect Outcomes Among Patients With Advanced Lung Cancer
Analysis of data from 102,929 patients with stage IV lung cancer found that “prior cancer does not convey an adverse effect on clinical outcomes, regardless of prior cancer stage, type, or timing.” Based on these findings, investigators from the Harold C. Simmons Cancer Center,...
Improved Prognosis for Patients With Estrogen Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer With Large Reductions in Mammographic Density After Tamoxifen Initiation
Improved prognosis for women with estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer who experience a large reduction in mammographic density following the initiation of tamoxifen treatment extends to premenopausal as well as postmenopausal women, researchers reported in the Journal of the National...
Emergency Room Visits and Hospitalizations Are Common Among Women With Early Breast Cancer Receiving Chemotherapy
Emergency room visits and hospitalizations are common among patients with early breast cancer receiving chemotherapy, particularly among those receiving a regimen containing docetaxel, according to a report by Enright et al in the Journal of Oncology Practice. “In this population-based cohort ...
Patient Request/Demand for Clinically Inappropriate Intervention Uncommon in Outpatient Setting
Increases in medical costs are often attributed to ‘demanding’ patients. In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Gogineni et al found that approximately 9% of patient encounters in outpatient oncology clinics included patient demands or requests for tests or treatment, that the majority...
Lower 30-Day Mortality, Increased Likelihood of Chemotherapy With Laparoscopic vs Open Colectomy for Stage III Colon Cancer
“In routine clinical practice, laparoscopic colectomy is associated with lower 30-day mortality, shorter length of stay, and greater likelihood of adjuvant chemotherapy initiation among stage III colon cancer patients when compared with open colectomy,” according to an analysis of data...
Study Shows That Previous Cancer ‘False Alarms’ May Discourage Patients From Screening Future Symptoms
Cancer researchers at University College London (UCL) have found that a cancer false alarm could discourage patients from checking out cancer symptoms they develop in the future. More than 80% of patients with potential cancer symptoms are given the all-clear after investigations. But according to ...
FDA Analysis Explores Relationship Between Response Rate and Survival at Trial and Patient Levels in Advanced NSCLC Studies
In a U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) analysis of randomized trials in advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Blumenthal et al found a strong correlation between response rate and progression-free survival at the trial level and a...
FDA Grants Cobimetinib Priority Review for Use in Combination With Vemurafenib in Advanced Melanoma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has accepted and granted Priority Review for Genentech’s New Drug Application (NDA) for cobimetinib in combination with vemurafenib (Zelboraf) for the treatment of people with BRAF V600 mutation–positive advanced melanoma. The FDA will make a...
FDA Approves Lenalidomide in Combination With Dexamethasone for Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has expanded the existing indication for lenalidomide (Revlimid) in combination with dexamethasone to include patients newly diagnosed with multiple myeloma. Lenalidomide plus dexamethasone was previously approved in June 2006 for use in multiple myeloma...
Reduction in Late Toxicities With Preoperative Image-Guided Radiation Therapy to Reduced Target Volume in Patients With Extremity Sarcoma
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Wang et al, the incidence of late toxicity among patients with extremity soft-tissue sarcoma receiving preoperative image-guided radiotherapy to a reduced target volume in the phase II Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 0630 trial was lower...
Survivors of Childhood Cancer at Risk for Developing Hormone Deficiencies as Adults
Decades after undergoing cranial irradiation for childhood cancer, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital investigators found that adult survivors of pediatric cancer remain at risk for pituitary hormone deficiencies, which may diminish their health and quality of life. Chemaitilly et al published...
12-Year Study Suggests Procedures to Prevent Cervical Cancer Do Not Affect Fertility
Common surgical procedures used to diagnose and treat precancerous cervical lesions do not decrease women's chances of becoming pregnant, according to a study conducted by Kaiser Permanente Northwest, which followed nearly 100,000 women for up to 12 years. In fact, researchers found that women ...
Higher Folate Intake Associated With Reduced Risk of Hormone Receptor–Negative Breast Cancer in Premenopausal Women
In an analysis from the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, de Batlle and colleagues found reduced risks of estrogen receptor–negative and progesterone receptor–negative breast cancer for highest...
TP53 Mutations Common in Pediatric Adrenocortical Carcinoma
In a Children’s Oncology Group study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Wasserman et al found that germline TP53 mutations are common in children with adrenocortical carcinoma, with mutations encoding proteins with greater loss of function being at increased risk of multiple...
‘Frailty Profile’ Predicts Survival and Toxicities Among Elderly Patients With Multiple Myeloma
A frailty score predicts mortality and the risk of toxicity in elderly patients with multiple myeloma and can be used to determine more suitable therapies for these patients, the International Myeloma Working Group reported in Blood. “Chronologic age, performance status, and physician's...
Chemotherapy Trials for Advanced Cancers of the Lung and Pancreas Overestimate Survival for Elderly Medicare Patients
Results of clinical trials evaluating chemotherapy regimens for advanced pancreatic cancer and lung cancers “tended to correctly estimate survival for Medicare patients aged 65 to 74 years, but to overestimate survival for older Medicare patients by 6 to 8 weeks,” Lamont et al reported...
Use of Combined-Modality Therapy vs Chemotherapy Alone in Early Hodgkin Lymphoma Affected by Sex, Race, Distance to Treatment, and Insurance
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Olszewski et al found that numerous factors affected use of combined-modality therapy vs chemotherapy alone in early-stage Hodgkin lymphoma, including sex, race, insurance, and distance to treatment facility. Study Details The study...
Hypofractionated Radiotherapy Not Noninferior to Standard Radiotherapy in Acute Toxicity in Phase III Prostate Cancer Trial
In the Dutch phase III HYPRO trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Aluwini et al found that hypofractionated radiotherapy was not noninferior to standard fractionated radiotherapy in acute genitourinary and gastrointestinal toxicity in men with intermediate- or high-risk prostate cancer. Efficacy...
FDA Approves Lenvatinib for Progressive Radioiodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today granted approval to lenvatinib (Lenvima) to treat patients with progressive, differentiated thyroid cancer whose disease progressed despite receiving radioactive iodine therapy. Lenvatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that binds to multiple sites...
Durable Remissions With Brentuximab Vedotin in Patients With CD30-Positive Relapsed/Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
A phase II, open-label study evaluating the efficacy of brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris), an anti-CD30 antibody-drug conjugate, found that among 48 evaluable patients with CD30-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, 21 (44%) had objective responses. This total included 8 patients (17%) with complete ...
Sunitinib Active in Platinum-Refractory Thymic Carcinoma
In a phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Thomas et al found that sunitinib (Sutent) was active in patients with platinum-refractory thymic carcinoma. Study Details In the open-label study, 23 evaluable patients with thymic carcinoma and 16 with thymoma who had disease progression...
Nutrient-Wide Association Study Shows Increased Coffee Intake May Be Associated With Lower Risk of Endometrial Cancer
Women who drank about four cups of coffee per day appeared to have decreased endometrial cancer risk compared with those who drank less than a cup each day, according to a study published by Merritt et al in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. A New Approach “We used a...
Lenvatinib Shows Promise for Patients With Radioiodine-Refractory Thyroid Cancer in Phase III Study
In a phase III study led by researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, the oral antiangiogenic therapy lenvatinib has shown dramatic improvement in progression-free survival in patients with advanced radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancer. Their findings are published by...
Japanese Phase III Trial Shows No Survival Benefit of First-Line Weekly Cisplatin/Docetaxel vs Docetaxel in Elderly Patients With Advanced NSCLC
In a Japanese phase III trial (Intergroup Trial JCOG0803/WJOG4307L) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Abe et al found no overall survival benefit of weekly cisplatin/docetaxel vs standard docetaxel in the first-line treatment of elderly patients with advanced non–small cell lung...
Scientists Identify Genetic Variations Linked to Treatment-Related Hearing Loss in Young Patients With Cancer
Using a genome-wide associated study approach, researchers have identified inherited genetic variations in the ACYP2 gene that were linked to as much as a fourfold greater risk of rapid hearing loss in young patients with newly diagnosed brain tumors treated with cisplatin chemotherapy. The study...
Adding Sorafenib to Standard Therapy of No Benefit in Advanced Ovarian Cancer, Study Reveals
In a study of women with stage III/IV epithelial ovarian cancer, the addition of sorafenib (Nexavar) to traditional paclitaxel/carboplatin therapy resulted in no greater efficacy and increased toxicity, according to a report by Hainsworth et al in Cancer Medicine. The investigators suggested that...
Active Smoking Increases Mortality in Nonmetastatic Colorectal Cancer, Both Pre- and Postdiagnosis
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Yang et al found that current smoking was associated with increased colorectal cancer–specific and all-cause mortality among colorectal cancer patients in both the prediagnosis and postdiagnosis settings. Study Details The study...
Higher Than Expected Incidence of Marrow Neoplasms after Adjuvant Therapy for Breast Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Wolff et al found a low but higher-than-expected incidence of marrow neoplasms in patients receiving adjuvant radiation therapy or chemotherapy for breast cancer. The study used the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Breast Cancer...
Overall Survival Analysis of LUX-Lung 3 and LUX-Lung 6 Indicates Improvement With Afatinib in Subgroup of EGFR-Mutant Lung Cancer
In an analysis of overall survival in the phase III LUX-Lung 3 and LUX-Lung 6 trials reported in The Lancet Oncology, Yang et al found no significant difference between afatinib (Gilotrif) vs pemetrexed (Alimta)-cisplatin (LUX-Lung 3) or vs gemcitabine-cisplatin (LUX-Lung 6) in previously...
Interval Cancers Are More Aggressive in Nondense Breasts vs Screen-Detected Cancers
In a Swedish study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Holm et al found that interval cancers in women with low mammographic density breasts were more aggressive vs screen-detected cancers in these women and vs interval cancers in women with dense breasts. Use of hormone replacement...
Women Who Undergo Delayed Breast Reconstruction May Experience More Cancer‑Related Distress Than Women Who Undergo Mastectomy Alone
In women who have undergone mastectomy, those who underwent delayed breast reconstruction experienced greater cancer-related distress over the long term compared with women who underwent mastectomy alone, according to a prospective study by Metcalfe et al in the Journal of Surgical Oncology. For...
Genetic Screening Deemed Cost-Effective in
Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Multiplexed genetic screening for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangements, and subsequent biomarker-guided treatment, is cost-effective compared with standard chemotherapy treatment without any molecular testing in the metastatic...
Omitting Radiotherapy Ups Local Recurrence Risk in Older Women With Low-Risk Breast Cancer After Breast-Conserving Surgery and Endocrine Therapy
In a phase III trial to assess whether whole-breast irradiation could be omitted in women aged ≥ 65 years with early-stage breast cancer undergoing breast-conserving surgery and receiving adjuvant endocrine treatment, Kunkler et al found increased risk of local recurrence in women not receiving...
Patients With Detectable PSA After Radical Prostatectomy May Benefit From More Aggressive Radiotherapy, 10-Year Post-Treatment Analysis Shows
Prostate cancer patients with detectable prostate-specific antigen (PSA) following radical prostatectomy should receive earlier, more aggressive radiotherapy, according to a study published by Wiegel et al in the International Journal of Radiation Oncology • Biology • Physics. German ARO ...
Phase II Study Shows Activity of Everolimus and Letrozole in Recurrent Endometrial Carcinoma
Interaction of the estrogen receptor and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways and the finding of resistance to hormonal therapy mediated by PI3K activation suggest a benefit of adding an mTOR inhibitor to hormonal treatment in endometrial carcinoma. In a phase II study reported in the Journal of Clinical...
Immune Gene Profile Strongly Associated With Benefit of Adjuvant Trastuzumab in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Perez et al found that an immune function gene profile was associated with significantly improved relapse-free survival among patients with early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer who had trastuzumab (Herceptin) added to adjuvant chemotherapy ...
Evidence of Recurrence-Free, Disease-Free, and Overall Survival Benefit of Aspirin and COX-2 Inhibitors in Stage III Colon Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Ng et al found consistent trends suggesting benefit of aspirin use and COX-2 inhibitor use on recurrence-free, disease-free, and overall survival in patients with stage III colon cancer. Study Details This prospective...
FDA Approves Palbociclib in Combination With Letrozole for Advanced Breast Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has granted accelerated approval to palbociclib (Ibrance) in combination with letrozole for the treatment of postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor–positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer who have not yet received an endocrine-based therapy. ...
Dabrafenib May Stimulate Radioiodine Uptake in Patients With Iodine-Refractory Papillary Thyroid Cancer
In patients with iodine-refractory papillary thyroid cancer, the addition of dabrafenib (Tafinlar) therapy was shown to stimulate radioiodine uptake in thyroid cancer cells, according to a report by Rothenberg et al in Clinical Cancer Research. This approach has the potential advantage of requiring ...
Crizotinib Produces Systemic and Intracranial Disease Control in Patients With Advanced ALK-Rearranged NSCLC and Brain Metastases
In a retrospective analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Costa et al found that crizotinib (Xalkori) treatment resulted in high systemic and intracranial disease control rates in patients with ALK-rearranged non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who had asymptomatic brain...
Study Finds Biologic Markers Associated With High-Risk Pancreatic Lesions
Pancreatic cancer affects approximately 46,000 people each year in the United States, and ranks fourth among the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Only about 6% of individuals with pancreatic cancer will live 5 years after their diagnosis. One reason for this high mortality rate is the lack...
Ruxolitinib Better Than Standard Therapy in Polycythemia Vera Patients With Inadequate Response to or Intolerance of Hydroxyurea
In a phase III trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Vannucchi et al found that the JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor ruxolitinib (Jakafi) produced significantly better hematocrit control and reduction in spleen volume than standard treatment in patients with polycythemia vera with inadequate...
Study Finds Metformin May Reduce Lung Cancer Risk Among Diabetic Nonsmokers
A large retrospective cohort study of diabetic patients taking metformin, a first-line treatment for type II diabetes, has found that while metformin use was not associated with lower lung cancer risk overall, the risk was 43% lower among diabetic patients who had never smoked. In addition, the...
Prospective Cohort Study Indicates No Association Between Migraine and Breast Cancer Risk
Some data suggest that migraine is associated with reduced risk of breast cancer. In a prospective cohort study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Winter et al found no association between migraine and breast cancer risk or endogenous sex hormone levels. A meta-analysis...
Researchers Pinpoint Two Genes That Trigger Most Severe Form of Ovarian Cancer
Researchers at University of North Carolina School of Medicine have created the first mouse model of the most aggressive form of ovarian cancer and found a potential route to better treatments and much-needed diagnostic screens. Led by Terry Magnuson, PhD, the Sarah Graham Kenan Professor and Chair ...
Ibrutinib Active in Previously Untreated and Relapsed/Refractory CLL With TP53 Aberrations
In a phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Farooqui et al found that single-agent ibrutinib (Imbruvica) had good activity in patients with previously untreated or relapse/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) with TP53 aberrations. Study Details In this single-arm trial, 51...
