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Showing 16951 - 17000The Antiseptic Era: 1876–1900
The text and photographs on this page are excerpted from a four-volume series of books titled Oncology: Tumors & Treatment, A Photographic History, by Stanley B. Burns, MD, FACS, and Elizabeth A. Burns. The photo below is from the volume titled “The Antiseptic Era: 1876–1900.” The photograph...
ASH Honors John E. Dick, PhD, and Reed E. Drews, MD, With 2018 Mentor Award
The American Society of Hematology (ASH) will recognize John E. Dick, PhD, of the University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Center, and Ontario Institute for Cancer Research in Toronto, and Reed E. Drews, MD, of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, with the 2018 Mentor Award for...
ASH Honors Victor Hoffbrand, DM, FRCP, FMed Sci, With Lifetime Achievement Award
The American Society of Hematology (ASH) will recognize Victor Hoffbrand, DM, FRCP, FMed Sci, of the University College London, with the 2018 Wallace H. Coulter Award for Lifetime Achievement in Hematology, the Society’s highest honor. Dr. Hoffbrand will be recognized for his contributions to...
Factors Affecting Prognosis in Localized Paratesticular Rhabdomyosarcoma
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Walterhouse et al found that age ≥ 10 years at diagnosis and tumor size > 5 cm are adverse prognostic features in localized paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma. Study Details The study was a pooled analysis of data from North American and ...
The Persephone Trial Reconsidered
Persephone is a 4,088-patient trial that Helena Margaret Earl, MBBS, PhD, reported at the 2018 ASCO Annual Meeting as establishing that 6 months of trastuzumab (Herceptin) is not inferior to 12 months in 4-year survival without invasive or local regional recurrence or distant metastases. Dr. Earl...
The Persephone Trial Reconsidered
The Persephone presentation by Helena Margaret Earl, MBBS, PhD, got a lot of publicity after a pre–ASCO Annual Meeting press release, suggesting that 6 months of adjuvant trastuzumab (Herceptin) is enough. The advice of experts has been that the evidence is inconclusive, but I have not heard a...
COMBI-AD Trial: Longer-Term Follow-up of Adjuvant Dabrafenib Plus Trametinib in Resected BRAF V600–Mutant Stage III Melanoma
As reported by Hauschild et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, longer-term follow-up of the phase III COMBI-AD trial has confirmed improved relapse-free survival with adjuvant dabrafenib (Tafinlar) plus trametinib (Mekinist) vs placebo in resected BRAF V600–mutant stage III melanoma. In...
Health-Policy Forum Focuses on New Care-Delivery Paradigms
What was an MBA doing at the podium of a clinical oncology meeting? Ten years ago or so, that might have been surprising. But in an era of rapid change—in therapies, costs, payment models, and practice—it only makes sense. Amy Porter-Tacoronte, MBA, Health System Chief Administrative Officer at the ...
Expect Patient Concerns and Some Fear About Radiation Therapy for Early-Stage Follicular Lymphoma
Radiation therapy to the limited disease in patients with early-stage follicular lymphoma “achieves local control in over 90% of lesions, and almost 50% of patients remain free of any lymphoma event (cured) for decades,” Joanna C. Yang, MD, MPH, and Joachim Yahalom, MD, wrote in a recent editorial...
The COLORS Training: Online LGBT Cultural Competency for Oncologists
An interactive online LGBT cultural competency training program for oncologists may be acceptable and feasible—and may improve LGBT-related knowledge and clinical practices, according to preliminary results of a pilot study of oncologists in Florida presented by Schlumbrecht et al at...
Prognostic Risk Model for African American Women With Breast Cancer
A prognostic model developed using a machine learning approach may be able to identify African American patients with breast cancer who have an increased risk of death, according to results of a study presented by Bhattarai et al at the 11th AACR Conference on The Science of Cancer Health...
Culturally Tailored Messaging Improved HPV Vaccination Rates Among Asian American Adolescents
A pilot study by Ma et al examining the intervention effect on the outcome of a provider-based, culturally tailored, multilevel intervention to promote human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among Asian American adolescents has found that the strategy significantly increased the uptake of at least...
Study Suggests Risk of Cancer Death Increases With Each Generation of Latinos Born in the United States
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, as of July 2016, the Hispanic population in the United States had grown to 57.5 million, making people of Hispanic origin the nation’s largest ethnic or racial minority group. Studies have shown that U.S.-born Latinos have a higher incidence of cancer than ...
FDA Approves Lorlatinib for Second- or Third-Line Treatment of ALK-Positive Metastatic NSCLC
On November 2, 2018, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration granted accelerated approval to lorlatinib (Lorbrena) for patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)–positive metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) whose disease has progressed on crizotinib (Xalkori) and at least...
FDA Grants Breakthrough Therapy Designation to LOXO-292 for RET Fusion–Positive Thyroid Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently granted Breakthrough Therapy designation to LOXO-292, a selective RET inhibitor, for the treatment of patients with advanced RET fusion–positive thyroid cancer who require systemic therapy, have had disease progression following...
ESMO 2018: CTONG 1103 Finds Benefit With Neoadjuvant Erlotinib in Some EGFR-Mutated NSCLCs
Neoadjuvant erlotinib (Tarceva) benefits selected patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who undergo complete resection of stage IIIA-N2 disease, according to a randomized study comparing erlotinib with gemcitabine plus cisplatin as...
ESMO 2018: CheckMate-142 Reports New Data on First-Line Nivolumab Plus Low-Dose Ipilimumab in MSI-H/dMMR Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
The combination of nivolumab (Opdivo) and low-dose ipilimumab (Yervoy) could become a new first-line treatment in patients with microsatellite instability–high (MSI-H), mismatch repair–deficient (dMMR) metastatic colorectal cancer, following results from the CheckMate-142 trial reported ...
Suicide Risk Among Head and Neck Cancer Survivors
In a study reported in Cancer, Osazuwa-Peters et al found that the mortality rate from suicide among head and neck cancer survivors was twice as high as the pooled rate in survivors of 19 other cancers considered in the study. Only the rate of suicide in pancreatic cancer survivors was higher...
2018 ASTRO: Phase I Trial of SBRT for Oligometastatic Disease With Multiple Metastases
The phase I NRG Oncology clinical trial BR001 tested the hypothesis that stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) could be used safely in patients with oligometastatic disease characterized by multiple metastases. Results from the trial indicate that using SBRT is safe as treatment for patients with 2 ...
Fluoropyrimidine DPYD Genotype–Guided Dosing in Patients With Cancer
In a Dutch study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Henricks et al found that DPYD genotype–guided dosing reduced the frequency of severe fluoropyrimidine toxicity in patients with cancer. Increased fluoropyrimidine toxicity is associated with reduced activity of the metabolic...
Quality of Life With Postmastectomy Radiotherapy vs No Radiotherapy in Intermediate-Risk Breast Cancer
In a 2-year follow-up of the phase III SUPREMO trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Velikova et al found worse chest wall symptoms in women with intermediate-risk breast cancer who did vs did not receive postmastectomy radiotherapy. No other differences in quality-of-life outcomes were found ...
New ASTRO/ASCO/AUA Guideline for Early-Stage Prostate Cancer Supports Use of Hypofractionated Radiotherapy
Three prominent medical societies have issued a new clinical guideline for physicians treating men with early-stage prostate cancer using external-beam radiation therapy (EBRT). Adoption of the guideline could make treatment shorter and more convenient for many patients with prostate cancer....
FDA Approves Pembrolizumab in Combination With Chemotherapy for First-Line Treatment of Metastatic Squamous NSCLC
On October 30, 2018, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved pembrolizumab (Keytruda) in combination with carboplatin and either paclitaxel or nanoparticle albumin-bound (nab)-paclitaxel (Abraxane) as first-line treatment of metastatic squamous non–small cell lung...
Final Overall Survival Results for First-Line VR-CAP vs R-CHOP in Transplantation-Ineligible Mantle Cell Lymphoma
In an analysis reported in The Lancet Oncology by Robak et al, bortezomib, rituximab [Rituxan], cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisone (VR-CAP) significantly prolonged overall survival vs rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) in a phase III trial ...
Effect of Baseline Status on Benefit From Exercise Interventions in Patients With Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Buffart et al found that patients with cancer benefited more or less from exercise interventions depending on their baseline condition and timing of the intervention. The study was an individual patient data meta-analysis...
ESMO 2018: Small Study of Preoperative Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab in dMMR Colon Cancer
Neoadjuvant treatment with a combination of the immune checkpoint inhibitors nivolumab (Opdivo) and ipilimumab (Yervoy) achieved major pathological responses in mismatch repair–deficient (dMMR) early-stage colon cancers, according to results reported by Chalabi et al at the European...
ESMO 2018: HOBOE-2: Zoledronic Acid in Premenopausal Hormone Receptor–Positive Early Breast Cancer
Adjuvant treatment with zoledronic acid, plus hormonal therapy with the aromatase inhibitor letrozole, significantly increases disease-free survival compared to tamoxifen in premenopausal women with hormone receptor–positive early breast cancer, according to results reported by Perrone et al...
ESMO 2018: CheckMate 067: 4-Year Follow-up of Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab in Advanced Melanoma
As reported in The Lancet Oncology and at the European Society for Medical Oncology 2018 Congress by Hodi et al, the 4-year follow-up of the phase III CheckMate 067 trial has shown a continued overall survival benefit with first-line nivolumab (Opdivo) plus ipilimumab (Yervoy) or nivolumab alone vs ...
2018 ASTRO: SPPORT Trial: ADT With or Without Pelvic Lymph Node Radiation in Prostate Cancer
The first report of a large international clinical trial shows that, for men who show signs of prostate cancer after surgical removal of their prostates, extending radiation therapy to the pelvic lymph nodes combined with adding short-term androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) to standard treatment...
Novel Statistical Model in Estimating the Risk of Breast Cancer Recurrence
Although population-based cancer registries data are useful in tracking and reporting the evolving burden of cancer in the population, the information they capture reflects the outcomes of diagnosis and death, regardless of whether the death is due to the disease or to other causes, and not data on ...
Risk Factors for Higher-Grade Transformation in Marginal Zone Lymphoma
In a single-institution study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Alderuccio et al found that not achieving complete remission (CR) after initial treatment, elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and more than four nodal sites at marginal zone lymphoma diagnosis are predictive of...
2018 ASTRO: IROCK: Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy for RCC in Patients With One Kidney
Treatment of renal cell carcinoma with stereotactic radiation therapy is as safe and effective for patients with one kidney as it is for those with two, according to an analysis of an international data set presented by Correa et al at the 60th Annual Meeting of the American Society for...
2018 ASTRO: SABR-COMET: Stereotactic Ablative Radiation Therapy for Oligometastatic Tumors
In the first randomized, phase II clinical trial of its kind, researchers have shown that an aggressive form of high-precision radiation therapy can increase survival in patients with oligometastatic tumors. These findings were presented by Palma et al in the plenary session at the 60th Annual ...
IASLC Issues Statement on Lung Cancer Screening With Low-Dose Computed Tomography
The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) recently issued a statement on lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography (CT) based on the results of the Dutch-Belgian NELSON lung cancer screening trial presented at the IASLC 19th World Conference on Lung Cancer...
2018 ASTRO: Overall Survival With Local Consolidative Therapy in Oligometastatic NSCLC
Adding radiation therapy or surgery to systemic therapy for patients with stage IV lung cancer whose cancer has spread to a limited number of sites can significantly extend overall survival, according to new results from a multicenter, randomized, controlled phase II study. The findings were...
2018 ASTRO: Liquid Biopsy in HPV-Associated Oral Cancer Surveillance
A highly sensitive blood test that detects minute traces of cancer-specific DNA has been shown to accurately determine whether patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) are free from cancer following radiation therapy. Findings were presented by...
2018 ASTRO: Radiation After Breast-Conserving Surgery in 'Good-Risk' DCIS
A subset of patients with low-risk breast cancer is highly unlikely to see cancer return following breast conservation surgery, but can lower that risk even further with radiation therapy, finds a new long-term clinical trial report. These 12-year follow-up data from the only prospective,...
Cost-Effectiveness of First-Line Brentuximab Vedotin Plus Chemotherapy in Hodgkin Lymphoma
In a cost-effectiveness analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Huntington et al found that the cost of brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris) would need to be reduced in order for the combination of the agent with chemotherapy in first-line treatment of stage III or IV Hodgkin lymphoma to...
Long-Term Results of Sequence of Hormonal Therapy Plus Whole-Pelvic or Prostate-Alone Radiotherapy in Prostate Cancer
In long-term follow-up of the phase III NRG/RTOG 9413 study reported in The Lancet Oncology by Roach et al, neoadjuvant hormonal therapy (NHT) plus whole-pelvic radiotherapy (WPRT) and prostate-only radiotherapy (PORT) plus adjuvant hormonal therapy (AHT) were associated with the highest rates of...
Howard M. Sandler, MD, on Localized Prostate Cancer: Radiation Therapy Guidelines
Howard M. Sandler, MD, of Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, summarizes a session he moderated that included discussion of an ASTRO, ASCO, and AUA guideline; indications and dose fractionation; treatment volumes; and the use of IGRT and IMRT (Panel 03).
Daniel E. Spratt, MD, on Prostate Cancer in African American Men: Results of a Meta-analysis
Daniel E. Spratt, MD, of the University of Michigan, discusses a large-scale gene-expression analysis and meta-analysis of RTOG trials on androgen receptor activity and radiotherapeutic sensitivity in African American men with prostate cancer (Abstract 4).
Michael Soike, MD, on Brain Metastases: Radiosurgery vs Radiotherapy
Michael Soike, MD, of Wake Forest University Medical Center, discusses results from a large multicenter study that suggests salvage stereotactic radiosurgery leads to improved overall survival compared with whole-brain radiotherapy for patients with progressive brain metastases (Presentation 296 in ...
Howard M. Sandler, MD, on Prostate Cancer: Prospective Trials Update
Howard M. Sandler, MD, of Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, discusses a session on data from several long-term studies on localized disease, including optimal sequencing of radiation and androgen-deprivation therapy; the efficacy and toxicity of SBRT; conventional vs hypofractionated radiation therapy;...
David Raben, MD, on NSCLC: Results From the PACIFIC Trial
David Raben, MD, of the University of Colorado, discusses overall survival with durvalumab vs placebo after chemoradiotherapy in stage III non–small cell lung cancer (Abstract LBA10).
Alan Pollack, MD, on Prostate Cancer: Results From the SPPORT Trial
Alan Pollack, MD, of the University of Miami, discusses study findings on short-term androgen-deprivation therapy with or without pelvic lymph node treatment added to prostate bed–only salvage radiotherapy (Abstract LBA5).
David Palma, MD, PhD, on Oligometastatic Tumors: Results From the SABR-COMET Trial
David Palma, MD, PhD, of the London Health Sciences Centre, discusses study findings on improvement in survival following stereotactic ablative radiation for oligometastatic tumors (Presentation 5 in PL 01).
Thomas Galloway, MD, on Oropharyngeal Cancer: Improving Outcomes and Reducing Toxicity
Thomas Galloway, MD, of Fox Chase Cancer Center, summarizes a session on head and neck cancer that included findings on reducing oral mucositis, improving quality of life with deintensified chemoradiotherapy, and the costs of dose de-escalation (Scientific Session 31).
Vinai Gondi, MD, on Treating Brain Metastases, Preserving Cognitive Function
Vinai Gondi, MD, of Northwestern Medicine, discusses the early results of a phase III NRG Oncology trial that suggests a practice change in treating brain metastases: avoiding the hippocampus when delivering whole-brain radiotherapy (Abstract LBA9).
Daniel R. Gomez, MD, on NSCLC: Findings From a Phase II Treatment Trial
Daniel R. Gomez, MD, of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, discusses the final results of a phase II study on local consolidative therapy, which improved overall survival compared with maintenance therapy and observation in oligometastatic non–small cell lung cancer (Abstract LBA3).
Bhisham Chera, MD, on Oropharyngeal Cancer: Expert Perspective on Surveillance
Bhisham Chera, MD, of the University of North Carolina, discusses using human papillomavirus found in plasma circulating tumor DNA to monitor cancer recurrence in HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer (Abstract LBA6).
