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Showing 15951 - 16000Preclinical Study Shows Promise for the Development of Personalized Cellular Therapy for Brain Cancer
Immune cells engineered to seek out and attack a type of deadly brain cancer were found to be safe and effective at controlling tumor growth in mice that were treated with these modified cells, according a team from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania and the Novartis...
Harold Varmus, MD, Stepping Down as Director of the National Cancer Institute
Harold Varmus, MD, who has led the National Cancer Institute (NCI) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) for nearly 5 years, has announced that he will step down from his post, effective March 31, 2015. Dr. Varmus will be joining Weill Cornell Medical College's faculty as the Lewis Thomas...
Early Study Shows Cabazitaxel May Be More Effective Than Docetaxel in Some Patients With Advanced Prostate Cancer
In a new study reported by de Leeuw et al in Clinical Cancer Research, researchers found that the novel taxane cabazitaxel (Jevtana) has properties that could make it more effective than docetaxel in some patients with advanced prostate cancer. This hypothesis is currently being tested in a phase...
Decision Aid Including Information on Overdetection Increases Informed Choice in Breast Screening and Reduces Intention to Be Screened
In a study reported in The Lancet, Hersch et al found that use of a decision aid containing information on overdetection in breast cancer screening was associated with an increased rate of informed choice regarding screening, a reduced rate of positive attitudes toward screening, and reduced...
CLEOPATRA Study: Significant Overall Survival Benefit of Adding Pertuzumab to Trastuzumab/Docetaxel in HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Swain et al, the final prespecified overall survival analysis in the phase III CLEOPATRA study showed a significant 15.7-month increase in median overall survival over 50 months of follow-up with the addition of pertuzumab (Perjeta) to...
Study Finds Improved Survival for Young Patients With Brain Metastases Who Receive Stereotactic Radiosurgery Alone
Cancer patients with limited brain metastases (one to four tumors) who are 50 years old and younger should receive stereotactic radiosurgery without whole-brain radiotherapy, according to a study by Saghal et al in the International Journal of Radiation Oncology • Biology • Physics....
NRAS Mutations in Advanced Melanoma Correlate With Increased Benefit From Immunotherapies
Researchers investigating whether tumor genotype correlates with benefit from immune therapy in melanoma has found that patients whose tumors had NRAS mutations had better response to immunotherapy and better outcomes than patients whose tumors had other genetic subtypes. The results suggest that...
Study Shows Lack of RNA Editing Leads to Melanoma Growth and Metastasis
In a new study reported by Shoshan et al in Nature Cell Biology, researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center established a link between melanoma and lack of RNA editing, which leads to tumor growth and progression through manipulation of proteins. Study Findings Study lead...
Early Evidence of Increase in Higher-Risk Prostate Cancers From 2011 to 2013
An analysis of data on roughly 87,500 men treated for prostate cancer since 2005 found a notable increase in higher-risk cases of the disease between 2011 and 2013. The retrospective analysis of patient data found the proportion of men diagnosed with intermediate- and high-risk disease increased by ...
FDA Approves Panobinostat Combination for the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved panobinostat (Farydak) in combination with bortezomib (Velcade) and dexamethasone for the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma. Panobinostat is the first histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor approved to treat multiple myeloma. It is...
Classic vs Rare EGFR Mutations in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Have Distinct Epidemiology, Clinical Implications
Certain rare epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are associated with tobacco smoking, worse prognosis, and poor response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy, compared with more common, classic EGFR mutations. However, as not all rare mutations are the same, testing and therapy...
New Model Provides Improved Prediction of Breast Cancer Risk in African American Women
Breast cancer risk prediction models have underestimated the risk for African American women, a factor that has contributed to lower rates of recruitment to prevention trials in this population. In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Boggs et al developed a risk model, derived...
Sensor Technology May Help Improve the Accuracy of Clinical Breast Exams
Sensor technology has the potential to significantly improve the teaching of proper technique for clinical breast exams, according to a new study by researchers at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health. The results of the study were published in a correspondence in The...
Improved TNM Prediction of Survival in HPV‑Related Oropharyngeal Carcinoma
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Huang et al showed that recursive portioning analysis (RPA) could be used to provide TNM stage grouping with improved prediction of survival in patients with human papillomavirus (HPV)-related nonmetastatic oropharyngeal carcinoma. ...
Study Shows That Previous Cancer ‘False Alarms’ May Discourage Patients From Screening Future Symptoms
Cancer researchers at University College London (UCL) have found that a cancer false alarm could discourage patients from checking out cancer symptoms they develop in the future. More than 80% of patients with potential cancer symptoms are given the all-clear after investigations. But according to ...
FDA Grants Cobimetinib Priority Review for Use in Combination With Vemurafenib in Advanced Melanoma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has accepted and granted Priority Review for Genentech’s New Drug Application (NDA) for cobimetinib in combination with vemurafenib (Zelboraf) for the treatment of people with BRAF V600 mutation–positive advanced melanoma. The FDA will make a...
FDA Approves Lenalidomide in Combination With Dexamethasone for Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has expanded the existing indication for lenalidomide (Revlimid) in combination with dexamethasone to include patients newly diagnosed with multiple myeloma. Lenalidomide plus dexamethasone was previously approved in June 2006 for use in multiple myeloma...
Survivors of Childhood Cancer at Risk for Developing Hormone Deficiencies as Adults
Decades after undergoing cranial irradiation for childhood cancer, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital investigators found that adult survivors of pediatric cancer remain at risk for pituitary hormone deficiencies, which may diminish their health and quality of life. Chemaitilly et al published...
‘Frailty Profile’ Predicts Survival and Toxicities Among Elderly Patients With Multiple Myeloma
A frailty score predicts mortality and the risk of toxicity in elderly patients with multiple myeloma and can be used to determine more suitable therapies for these patients, the International Myeloma Working Group reported in Blood. “Chronologic age, performance status, and physician's...
ASCO Expresses Concern Over the New CMS Oncology Care Model
On Thursday, February 12, 2015, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services announced its new Oncology Care Model, a multipayer payment and care delivery model meant to support better health-care coordination for patients with cancer. Although commending the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid ...
FDA Approves Lenvatinib for Progressive Radioiodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today granted approval to lenvatinib (Lenvima) to treat patients with progressive, differentiated thyroid cancer whose disease progressed despite receiving radioactive iodine therapy. Lenvatinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that binds to multiple sites...
Nutrient-Wide Association Study Shows Increased Coffee Intake May Be Associated With Lower Risk of Endometrial Cancer
Women who drank about four cups of coffee per day appeared to have decreased endometrial cancer risk compared with those who drank less than a cup each day, according to a study published by Merritt et al in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. A New Approach “We used a...
Lenvatinib Shows Promise for Patients With Radioiodine-Refractory Thyroid Cancer in Phase III Study
In a phase III study led by researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, the oral antiangiogenic therapy lenvatinib has shown dramatic improvement in progression-free survival in patients with advanced radioiodine-refractory thyroid cancer. Their findings are published by...
Scientists Identify Genetic Variations Linked to Treatment-Related Hearing Loss in Young Patients With Cancer
Using a genome-wide associated study approach, researchers have identified inherited genetic variations in the ACYP2 gene that were linked to as much as a fourfold greater risk of rapid hearing loss in young patients with newly diagnosed brain tumors treated with cisplatin chemotherapy. The study...
Adding Sorafenib to Standard Therapy of No Benefit in Advanced Ovarian Cancer, Study Reveals
In a study of women with stage III/IV epithelial ovarian cancer, the addition of sorafenib (Nexavar) to traditional paclitaxel/carboplatin therapy resulted in no greater efficacy and increased toxicity, according to a report by Hainsworth et al in Cancer Medicine. The investigators suggested that...
ASCO Endorses American Cancer Society Prostate Cancer Survivorship Care Guidelines
The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) has issued an endorsement of the American Cancer Society's (ACS) Prostate Cancer Survivorship Care Guidelines. These guidelines provide recommendations to primary care physicians on best practices in follow-up care for men after prostate cancer...
New Approach to Colorectal Surgical Care Results in Shorter Recovery Times, Lower Costs
A new, multidisciplinary approach to managing patients undergoing a colorectal operation results in shorter hospital stays, fewer complications, and lower medical costs, according a study published by Thiele et al in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons. Currently, patients undergoing...
Widespread Use of Docetaxel Preceded Phase III Evidence of Usefulness in Patients With Metastatic Prostate Cancer
Docetaxel was being widely used by patients with metastatic prostate cancer before phase III evidence that it was more effective than standard-of-care for patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer, according to an analysis of Medicare claims from before and after the trial results and...
Study Shows Immunosuppressives, Chemotherapy May Reactivate Hepatitis B
Individuals previously infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) that receive chemotherapy or immunosuppressive treatment may be at risk of reactivating the virus, according to a report published by Di Bisceglie et al in Hepatology. Reactivation of HBV can be fatal, and researchers suggest routine...
Omitting Radiotherapy Ups Local Recurrence Risk in Older Women With Low-Risk Breast Cancer After Breast-Conserving Surgery and Endocrine Therapy
In a phase III trial to assess whether whole-breast irradiation could be omitted in women aged ≥ 65 years with early-stage breast cancer undergoing breast-conserving surgery and receiving adjuvant endocrine treatment, Kunkler et al found increased risk of local recurrence in women not receiving...
CMS Issues National Coverage Determination for Screening for Lung Cancer With Low-Dose Computed Tomography
Today the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) issued a final national coverage determination that provides for Medicare coverage of screening for lung cancer with low-dose computed tomography (CT). The coverage is effective immediately. “This is the first time that Medicare...
Patients With Detectable PSA After Radical Prostatectomy May Benefit From More Aggressive Radiotherapy, 10-Year Post-Treatment Analysis Shows
Prostate cancer patients with detectable prostate-specific antigen (PSA) following radical prostatectomy should receive earlier, more aggressive radiotherapy, according to a study published by Wiegel et al in the International Journal of Radiation Oncology • Biology • Physics. German ARO ...
Analysis of Key Breast Cancer Genes Reveals Distinct Profiles for African American, European American Women
Researchers at Roswell Park Cancer Institute (RPCI) have uncovered new information that may begin to explain why many African American women are more likely to be diagnosed with aggressive, often deadly forms of breast cancer. Their findings also strengthen evidence that increased dietary folate...
Study Identifies New Pathway for Stalling BRCA-Mutated Tumor Growth in Mice and Human Cells
Inhibiting the action of a particular enzyme dramatically slows the growth of tumor cells tied to BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic mutations that are closely tied to breast and ovarian cancers, according to researchers at New York University (NYU) Langone Medical Center. Senior investigator Agnel Sfeir,...
Study Sheds New Light on Syndrome Associated With Aggressive Pediatric Cancer
A new study involving researchers at The University of Nottingham has revealed how children with an aggressive cancer predisposition syndrome experience a never-before- seen flood of mutations in their disease in very short periods of time. The findings were published by Shlien et al in Nature...
Dabrafenib May Stimulate Radioiodine Uptake in Patients With Iodine-Refractory Papillary Thyroid Cancer
In patients with iodine-refractory papillary thyroid cancer, the addition of dabrafenib (Tafinlar) therapy was shown to stimulate radioiodine uptake in thyroid cancer cells, according to a report by Rothenberg et al in Clinical Cancer Research. This approach has the potential advantage of requiring ...
ASCO Clinical Practice Guideline Update 2014: No Change to 2013 Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis and Treatment Guideline
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Lyman et al, an ASCO update committee recommended no changes to the 2013 clinical practice guideline for venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis and treatment after review of 53 new publications in the area that became available between...
Crizotinib Produces Systemic and Intracranial Disease Control in Patients With Advanced ALK-Rearranged NSCLC and Brain Metastases
In a retrospective analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Costa et al found that crizotinib (Xalkori) treatment resulted in high systemic and intracranial disease control rates in patients with ALK-rearranged non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who had asymptomatic brain...
Study Finds Biologic Markers Associated With High-Risk Pancreatic Lesions
Pancreatic cancer affects approximately 46,000 people each year in the United States, and ranks fourth among the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Only about 6% of individuals with pancreatic cancer will live 5 years after their diagnosis. One reason for this high mortality rate is the lack...
FDA Grants Priority Review for Trabectedin for the Treatment of Patients With Advanced Soft-Tissue Sarcoma
Janssen Research & Development, LLC, announced today that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Priority Review for the New Drug Application (NDA) for trabectedin to treat patients with advanced soft-tissue sarcoma, including liposarcoma and leiomyosarcoma subtypes, who have...
California Primary Care Physicians Struggle to Adapt to Breast Density Law, Study Shows
Ten months after California legislators enacted a controversial law mandating that radiologists notify women if they have dense breast tissue, University of California (UC), Davis researchers have found that half of primary care physicians are still unfamiliar with the law, and many don't feel...
Ruxolitinib Better Than Standard Therapy in Polycythemia Vera Patients With Inadequate Response to or Intolerance of Hydroxyurea
In a phase III trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Vannucchi et al found that the JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor ruxolitinib (Jakafi) produced significantly better hematocrit control and reduction in spleen volume than standard treatment in patients with polycythemia vera with inadequate...
Study Finds Metformin May Reduce Lung Cancer Risk Among Diabetic Nonsmokers
A large retrospective cohort study of diabetic patients taking metformin, a first-line treatment for type II diabetes, has found that while metformin use was not associated with lower lung cancer risk overall, the risk was 43% lower among diabetic patients who had never smoked. In addition, the...
High-Risk Prostate Cancer Detection More Likely With Targeted MRI/Ultrasound Fusion Technique Than With Standard Biopsy
Targeted biopsy using new fusion technology that combines magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with ultrasound is more effective than standard biopsy in detecting high-risk prostate cancer, according to a study by Siddiqui et al published in JAMA. More than 1,000 men participated in the research at the ...
Protein-Based Therapy Shows Promise Against Resistant ALL in Preclinical Study
Chemotherapy resistance is one of the most formidable obstacles to treating acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the most common form of childhood cancer. Now researchers at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles (CHLA) have designed and developed a new protein-based therapy that may prove highly...
FDA Approves New Indication for Ibrutinib in Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today expanded the approved use of ibrutinib (Imbruvica) for patients with Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia, a rare, indolent type of B-cell lymphoma. Ibrutinib is the first therapy indicated specifically for Waldenström’s...
No Benefit of High- vs Standard-Dose Radiotherapy or for Addition of Cetuximab to Chemoradiation in Stage IIIA or IIIB NSCLC
As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Bradley and colleagues, the phase III Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 0617 trial showed no survival benefit of high- vs standard-dose radiotherapy or for addition of cetuximab (Erbitux) to concurrent paclitaxel-carboplatin chemoradiation in patients with...
Study Uncovers Range of Molecular Alterations in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas, New Potential Drug Targets
Investigators with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Research Network have discovered genomic differences—with potentially important clinical implications—in human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated head and neck cancers. These findings were reported in Nature. The researchers also uncovered ...
Testosterone Therapy May Help Some Men With Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
According to researchers at the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center, testosterone, which is generally thought to be a feeder of prostate cancer, has been found to suppress some advanced prostate cancers. The hormone may also reverse resistance to testosterone-blocking drugs used to treat prostate...
Supplemental New Drug Application Submitted for Carfilzomib for Relapsed Multiple Myeloma
Amgen and its subsidiary Onyx Pharmaceuticals, Inc, announced the submission of a supplemental New Drug Application (sNDA) to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for carfilzomib (Kyprolis) to seek approval for the treatment of patients with relapsed multiple myeloma who have received at...
