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Showing 15551 - 15600NeoALTTO Trial Links Pathologic Complete Response to Clinical Outcomes
Final results of the phase III NeoALTTO trial have confirmed the value of pathologic complete response to dual HER2 blockade in the neoadjuvant setting. The achievement of pathologic complete response was associated with significantly improved event-free survival and overall survival in some women...
Benefit of Breast Cancer Screening More Consistent Across Studies Than Previously Understood
Re-examination of data from four large studies of the benefits and harms of mammography screening shows that the benefits are more consistent across these studies than previously understood and that all the studies indicate a substantial reduction in breast cancer mortality with screening,...
High Levels of Immune Cells in Tumors May Identify Breast Cancer Patients Most Likely to Benefit From Trastuzumab
Women with HER2-positive breast cancer who had the highest levels of immune cells in their tumors gained the most benefit from presurgery treatment with chemotherapy and trastuzumab (Herceptin), according to results presented today at the 2013 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium (Abstract S1-05)....
ASH 2013: Brentuximab Vedotin Shows Promising Activity in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
The antibody-drug conjugate brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris) has shown “compelling” antitumor activity in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphomas who were no longer responding to treatment, in a study presented at the American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting and Exposition...
Study Explores Risk of New Primary Melanomas After Diagnosis of Stage III/IV Melanoma in Patients Not Receiving BRAF Inhibitors
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Zimmer et al assessed the incidence of spontaneous new primary melanomas in patients with stage III or IV melanoma in order to help clarify risk of BRAF inhibitor–related new melanomas. They found that patients not receiving BRAF...
Ibrutinib/Rituximab Combination Leads to High Response Rate Among Patients With CLL
Nearly all of the patients with high-risk chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in a phase II clinical trial responded to treatment with the targeted therapy ibrutinib (Imbruvica) and the antibody rituximab (Rituxan), researchers reported at the 55th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting ...
Updated Myeloma Trial Shows Lenalidomide Maintenance Post-Transplant Improves Progression-Free But Not Overall Survival
A new analysis of the multiple myeloma IFM 2005-02 trial showed that lenalidomide (Revlimid) maintenance prolongs progression-free survival after stem cell transplantation, but does not improve overall survival. This is possibly attributed to the shorter survival time after first disease...
Biologic Mechanism May be Linked to Racial Disparities in Prostate Cancer
In the United States, African American men are 1.6 times more likely to develop prostate cancer and more than 2.5 times as likely to die from the disease than non-Hispanic white men, according to the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. A study by David P. Turner, PhD, Assistant...
Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin Reduces Relapse, Improves Event-Free Survival in Pediatric AML
The monoclonal antibody gemtuzumab ozogamicin (Mylotarg) improved event-free survival and reduced the risk of relapse in children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in a study from the Children’s Oncology Group, presented at the 55th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting and...
Long-Term Symptoms Beyond 10 Years Experienced by Prostate Cancer Survivors
Years after receiving treatment, many patients who survive prostate cancer continue to experience treatment-related symptoms, according to the findings of a study by Darwish-Yassine et al published in the Journal of Cancer Survivorship. These findings highlight the need for improvements in survivor ...
Novel Agents IPI-145 and ABT-199 Show Encouraging Results in Phase I CLL Studies
Two novel agents—the small-molecule PI3K inhibitor IPI-145 and the Bcl-2 inhibitor ABT-199—show promising activity in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), according to two phase I studies presented at the 55th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting and Exposition (Abstracts...
Reduced-Intensity Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Spares Cognition
The intensity of transplant-related chemotherapy and radiation has effects on cognition, according to a study presented at the 55th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting and Exposition (Abstract 913). Full-intensity hematopoietic stem cell transplant was associated with cognitive...
Graft Manipulation Improves HLA-Haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Outcomes
T-cell–depleted HLA-haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can be made more efficacious and safer through the removal of alpha/beta-positive T cells and CD19-positive B cells from the graft, an approach pioneered by Italian investigators who reported results at the 55th...
Vorinostat Plus Standard Immunoprophylaxis Cuts Risk of Graft-vs-Host Disease in Half
A new class of drugs reduced the risk of patients contracting a serious and often deadly side effect of bone marrow transplant treatments, according to a study by Choi et al published in The Lancet Oncology. The study, the first to test this treatment in humans, combined the drug vorinostat...
Reduced Renal Function Observed in Patients Taking Crizotinib for Non‒Small Cell Lung Cancer
Patients receiving crizotinib (Xalkori) for the treatment of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive non?small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) had reductions in their estimated glomerular filtration rate, according to the findings of a study by Brosnan et al published in the journal Cancer. In the...
Hypercholesterolemia May Drive the Growth of Breast Cancer
High levels of the cholesterol metabolite 27-hydroxycholesterol seem to function like estrogen and may independently drive the growth of breast cancer, according to the findings of a preclinical study by Nelson et al published in Science. They also found a possible connection between...
Eight-Gene Profile Predicts Benefit of Adjuvant Trastuzumab in HER2-Negative Disease
The National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) B-31 trial suggested that efficacy of adjuvant trastuzumab (Herceptin) extended to patients with HER2-negative breast cancer. In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Pogue-Geile et al identified and...
Nurse Navigators Improve Patient-Reported Quality of Care in Early Cancer Care
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Wagner et al assessed whether a nurse navigator intervention improved quality of life or patient experience with care in patients who recently received a diagnosis of breast, colorectal, or lung cancer. Although no differences in...
Disease-Free Survival Is Acceptable Surrogate for Overall Survival in Trials of Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Gastric Cancers
Disease-free survival is an acceptable surrogate for overall survival in trials of cytotoxic agents for gastric cancer in the adjuvant setting, the GASTRIC group concluded after conducting a meta-analysis of data from 3,288 individual patients enrolled in 14 randomized clinical trials. The trials...
Over-Regulation of Opioids Is Resulting in Untreated Cancer Pain for Millions of Patients Worldwide
The results from the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO)-led Global Opioid Policy Initiative (GOPI) project show that due to a lack of access to essential opioids, more than 4 billion people—over half the world’s population—live in countries where regulatory barriers,...
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Issues Final Recommendations on Screening for Oral Cancer
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) today released its final recommendation statement on screening for oral cancer in adults without signs or symptoms of oral cancer who are seen by primary care providers. This recommendation focuses on primary care professionals and is not a...
Low-Fat Diet and Fish Oil Supplementation Reduces Cell-Cycle Progression in Prostate Cancer
In a post hoc analysis reported in the journal Cancer Prevention Research, Galet et al analyzed the effects of diet on men with prostate cancer. They found that men who were on a low-fat diet and fish oil supplementation had lower cell-cycle progression scores, which are associated with less...
Reduced Specialist Consultation and Multimodality Therapy May Account for Poorer Survival in Black Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Black patients with metastatic colorectal cancer have been found to have poorer survival than white patients. In a study reported in Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Simpson et al found that black patients were less likely to have specialist consultations and to receive multimodality...
Certain Symptom Clusters After Surgery for Esophageal Cancer Predict Poor Prognosis
A new study has found that several months after surgery for esophageal cancer, different symptoms cluster together in different types of patients. In addition, patients with certain symptom clusters have an increased risk of dying from their disease. The findings by Wikman et al were published...
ASCO Endorses Cancer Care Ontario Guideline for Follow-up in Colorectal Cancer Survivors
ASCO has policy and procedures for endorsing clinical practice guidelines developed by other professional organizations. As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Meyerhardt et al of the ASCO Clinical Practice Guidelines Committee, ASCO has endorsed the Cancer Care Ontario (CCO)...
FDA Approves Sorafenib to Treat Late-Stage Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today expanded the approved uses of sorafenib (Nexavar) to treat late-stage differentiated thyroid cancer. The new indication is for patients with locally recurrent or metastatic, progressive differentiated thyroid cancer that no longer responds to radioactive...
Epigenetic Modification of HAND2 May Be Associated With the Development of Endometrial Cancer
In a study reported in the journal PLoS One, Allison Jones, MD, of the Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, and colleagues analyzed the functional role of epigenetic factors in endometrial cancer development. They found that HAND2 methylation...
Study Finds Possible Link Between Allergies and Increased Risk of Hematologic Cancers in Women
A team of researchers looking into the interplay of the immune system and cancer have found a link between a history of airborne allergies—in particular to plants, grass, and trees—with risk of blood cancers in women. The same association was not found in men, suggesting a possible...
12-Gene Recurrence Score Independently Predicts Recurrence in Patients With Stage II/III Colon Cancer
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Greg Yothers, PhD, of the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) Biostatistical Center and the University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, and colleagues assessed performance of the 12-gene colon cancer...
Smoking Increases Risk of Death for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Survivors
Survivors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma who are former or current smokers are more likely to have their disease progress, relapse, or spread, and are more likely to die of their disease, compared with survivors of nasopharyngeal carcinoma who have never smoked, according to a study published in...
Internet-Based Intervention Improves Cancer-Related Sexual Dysfunction in Women
An Internet-based intervention may significantly improve both sexual function and satisfaction in women with sexual dysfunction years after treatment for breast or gynecologic cancer, according to a randomized trial reported in the November issue of the Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer...
Studies Reveal Multiple Gene Alterations Responsible for Drug Resistance in BRAF-Mutated Melanoma
Two studies using whole-exome sequencing of treatment-resistant BRAF-mutated melanomas have identified multiple gene alterations, mostly affecting the MAPK pathway. Molecularly profiling BRAF-mutated melanoma patients at the time of resistance may improve their care by tailoring combinations of...
Tasquinimod May Improve Survival in Men With Metastatic Prostate Cancer
An investigational prostate cancer treatment slows the disease’s progression and may increase survival, especially among men whose cancer has spread to the bones, according an analysis led by the Duke Cancer Institute. The study, published in the journal Clinical Cancer Research, adds...
Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin Reduces Minimal Residual Disease in Children With High-Risk Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Combining gemtuzumab ozogamicin (Mylotarg) with conventional chemotherapy may improve the outcome of bone marrow transplantation for some children battling high-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML), according to a study led by St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital. The results appear in the...
MicroRNA Signature Predicts Risk of Recurrence After Surgery for Stage II Colon Cancer
In a study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Jia-Xing Zhang, MD, of Sun Yat-sen University, and colleagues identified a six-microRNA (miRNA) signature that predicted risk of recurrence after surgery for stage II colon cancer and that may help to identify patients most likely to benefit from adjuvant ...
New Studies Provide Insight Into Melanoma Drug Resistance Pathways and Strategy for Obtaining Durable Responses
Approximately 50% of metastatic melanomas harbor the BRAF mutation, and although most of these melanomas respond dramatically to treatment with BRAF inhibitors, such as vemurafenib (Zelboraf) and dabrafenib (Tafinlar), nearly all develop resistance to the drugs within 7 to 8 months. While previous...
Alternate VEGF Ligands Associated With Bevacizumab Resistance in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Results from a University of Colorado Cancer Center study indicated that bevacizumab (Avastin) resistance in patients with colorectal cancer may be due to increases in growth factors other than the targeted VEGF-A. The study, led by Christopher Lieu, MD, and published in the journal PLoS One,...
Surgical Management of Male Breast Cancer Differs Dramatically From That of Female Breast Cancer
In a study reported in the International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics, Emma C. Fields, MD, of the University of Colorado School of Medicine, and colleagues analyzed the stage-specific management of male breast cancer with surgery and radiation therapy and related them to outcomes...
Intraoperative Radiotherapy Inferior to External Radiotherapy in Preventing Local Recurrence in Early Breast Cancer
A single session of intraoperative radiotherapy with electrons permits delivery of a radiotherapy dose equivalent to that of conventional postoperative whole-breast irradiation. In the ELIOT trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Umberto Veronesi, MD, of the European Institute of Oncology, and...
Study Explains Cyclophosphamide’s Role in Preventing Graft-vs-Host Disease
Results of a Johns Hopkins study may explain why cyclophosphamide prevents graft-vs-host disease in people who receive bone marrow transplants. The experiments point to an immune system cell that evades the toxic effects of cyclophosphamide and protects patients from a lethal form of graft-vs-host...
FDA Approves Ibrutinib for Mantle Cell Lymphoma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today approved ibrutinib (Imbruvica) for the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma, an aggressive B-cell lymphoma that represents about 6% of all non-Hodgkin lymphoma cases in the United States. The drug, a Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is ...
Young Breast Cancer Patients With Poorer Financial Status May Experience Delays in Seeking Care
Researchers seeking to determine why breast cancers are more deadly in young women found that although only a minority of young women experience long delays between the time they detect a breast abnormality and the time they receive a diagnosis, delays in seeking care are more common in women with...
Pegfilgrastim Prophylaxis Throughout Chemotherapy Is More Effective in Preventing Febrile Neutropenia in Breast Cancer (and More Costly)
Available data suggest that risk of febrile neutropenia is greatest during the first two cycles of chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer. In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Maureen J. Aarts of Maastricht University Medical Centre in the Netherlands, and colleagues...
Less-Invasive Endoscopic Therapy as Effective as Esophagectomy in Early Esophageal Cancer
Use of a minimally invasive endoscopic procedure to remove superficial, early-stage esophageal cancer is as effective as surgery that takes out and rebuilds the esophagus, according to a study by researchers at Mayo Clinic in Florida. The research, published in Clinical Gastroenterology and...
Phase II Trial of Ponatinib Shows Activity in Heavily Pretreated CML and Philadelphia Chromosome–Positive ALL
On October 31, 2013, Ariad Pharmaceuticals, the manufacturer of ponatinib, agreed to an FDA request to suspend marketing and sales of the drug due to the risk of life-threatening blood clots and severe narrowing of blood vessels. The FDA states that it will continue to evaluate ponatinib to further ...
Novel Agents Produce Encouraging Trends in Gastric Cancer
Several novel agents targeting the HER2, C-MET, and VEGF receptors have achieved encouraging results in gastric cancer, which is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Charles Fuchs, MD, of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, reviewed these new approaches in a presentation at the...
New Mutation Found in the Estrogen Receptor May Cause Resistance to Breast Cancer Treatment
Most patients with estrogen receptor–positive metastatic breast cancer who initially respond to endocrine treatments will eventually develop resistance to the therapies. A study by Ido Wolf, MD, Head of the Oncology Department at the Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center in Israel, and colleagues...
Novel Oral Agent Extends Survival in Relapsed/Refractory Colorectal Cancer, Phase II Study Shows
Hopes are high that TAS-102, a novel oral nucleoside agent, will turn out to be an advance in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer, said Howard Hochster, MD, of the Gastrointestinal Cancer Program at Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut, speaking at the Chemotherapy Foundation...
Vemurafenib Produces Rapid Responses in Hairy Cell Leukemia
Preliminary results of an ongoing clinical trial suggest that the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib (Zelboraf)—indicated for the treatment of metastatic melanoma with BRAF V600E mutation—may have an important role in the treatment of hairy cell leukemia. The cornerstone of therapy for this...
Imaging Studies May Predict Tumor Response to Antiangiogenic Drugs
Advanced imaging techniques may be able to distinguish which patients' tumors will respond to treatment with antiangiogenic drugs and which will not. In a report published online in PNAS, researchers studied patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma who were treated with the antiangiogenic agent...
