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Showing 15351 - 15400Neoadjuvant Palbociclib Plus Letrozole Reduces Ki67 Levels
In the neoadjuvant setting, adding palbociclib to letrozole significantly enhanced the suppression of malignant cell proliferation, as measured by Ki67 levels, in patients with primary estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer but did not increase the clinical response rate over 14 weeks, according ...
2019 ASCO-SITC: Can Plasma Cell–Free DNA Aid in Predicting Response to Checkpoint Inhibitors in NSCLC?
Researchers hypothesized that targeting some genetic alterations in plasma cell–free DNA—along with early monitoring—could be an effective, noninvasive method for predicting response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Findings...
Effect of PET/CT on Surgical Planning for Head and Neck Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Lowe et al found that 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) had a high negative predictive value in the clinically N0 neck in patients with newly diagnosed head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, with ...
2019 ASCO-SITC: Efficacy and Safety of Less Frequent Dosing of Second-Line Nivolumab for Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Researchers reported similar efficacy and safety with an every-4-week regimen of nivolumab in the second-line setting compared to an every-2-week schedule in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Edward B. Garon, MD, and colleagues presented the results of an interim analysis of...
Long-Term Study Finds Axillary Radiotherapy Safe and Effective After Positive Sentinel Node Biopsy
Following identification of a positive sentinel lymph node, surgical axillary lymph node dissection and axillary radiation therapy provide comparable locoregional control and survival, according to a 10-year follow-up of the large European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer AMAROS...
Perlmutter Cancer Center Receives Anonymous $75 Million Gift to Create Center for Blood Cancers
NYU Langone Health’s Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center recently announced a philanthropic gift to establish a Center for Blood Cancers. The center will house a new program for multiple myeloma care and research, along with NYU Langone Health’s other blood cancer programs. It will also...
Expert Point of View: Eleftherios (Terry) P. Mamounas, MD, William Sikov, MD, and Laura Esserman, MD
Several breast cancer experts said the findings of the Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group (EBCTCG) meta-analysis and the AERAS study are in line with data emerging from other studies of extended treatment with aromatase inhibitors. All of these studies suggest that extended...
Biologic Age and Elevated Breast Cancer Risk
Biologic age—a DNA-based estimate of a person’s age—may be associated with development of breast cancer, according a report published by Kresovich et al in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Study Methods Scientists from the National Institute of Environmental Health...
More Data Show Small Benefit From Extended Endocrine Therapy
Two studies presented at the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium validated a small benefit of extending adjuvant aromatase inhibitor therapy beyond thestandard 5 years for postmenopausal women with hormone receptor–positive breast cancer. In a meta-analysis of 24,912 patients from 12...
Does Adjuvant Denosumab Improve DFS in Postmenopausal Women With Hormone Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer Receiving Aromatase Inhibitors?
As reported by Gnant et al in The Lancet Oncology, disease-free survival (DFS) was improved with adjuvant denosumab vs placebo in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor–positive, early-stage breast cancer receiving aromatase inhibitor treatment. A primary analysis of the phase III...
Expert Point of View: Parag J. Parikh, MD
Parag J. Parikh, MD, Director of Gastrointestinal Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, Detroit, commented that KEYNOTE-128 “unfortunately found a very low rate of response to single-agent pembrolizumab.” He said he would not use this approach in any patients with neuroendocrine tumors...
Study Shows Limited Antitumor Activity of Pembrolizumab in Neuroendocrine Tumors
Neuroendocrine tumors appear resistant to single-agent immunotherapy, according to the results of the KEYNOTE-028 trial of pembrolizumab. “Pembrolizumab monotherapy showed limited antitumor activity but a manageable safety profile in patients with previously treated, advanced neuroendocrine...
Expert Point of View: Ian Davis, MBBS (Hons), PhD, FRACP, FAChPM
The formal discussant of the ARAMIS trial, Ian Davis, MBBS (Hons), PhD, FRACP, FAChPM, of Monash University and Eastern Health, Melbourne, Australia, commented: “ARAMIS is a positive trial with encouraging early results. It has a meaningful endpoint of metastasis-free survival with acceptable...
ARAMIS Trial Reports Darolutamide Improves Outcomes in High-Risk Nonmetastatic Prostate Cancer
Darolutamide—an investigational androgen receptor inhibitor—significantly improved metastasis-free survival in men with high-risk nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer vs placebo in the large phase III ARAMIS trial.1 Men treated with darolutamide had a median metastasis-free survival...
Expert Point of View: Robert Dreicer, MD, MS, MACP, FASCO, and Sumanta K. Pal, MD
“This is an intriguing agent,” said ASCO expert Robert Dreicer, MD, MS, MACP, FASCO, of the University of Virginia Cancer Center and moderator of a press briefing where these data were discussed. “Survival rates are low for patients with metastatic castration--resistant prostate cancer, and the...
Radioligand Therapy Achieves Responses in Metastatic Prostate Cancer
In a prospective, single-center, single-arm phase II trial reported at the 2019 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium, a novel approach using a tumor-specific radioligand therapy that binds to prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) (lutetium-177 PSMA-617 -[LuPSMA]) achieved responses in a majority of...
10 Patient-Centered Principles for More Conservative Cancer Diagnosis
Although diagnostic errors date back to antiquity, in recent years, they have begun to receive attention as an important patient safety issue. This culminated in the National Academy of Medicine’s 2015 landmark report, which concluded that most people in the United States would experience at...
Expert Point of View: Allyson Ocean, MD
Allyson Ocean, MD, a medical oncologist and attending physician in gastrointestinal oncology at NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, commented on the Know Your Tumor study. “This study by Pishvaian et al highlights the importance of genomics in guiding treatment decisions in ...
Mutations in DNA Damage Repair Predict Benefit With Platinum Agents in Pancreatic Cancer
Patients with advanced pancreatic cancer who have homologous repair damage response mutations may derive considerable benefit from treatment with platinum agents, according to an analysis of patients in the Know Your Tumor Program presented by Michael Pishvaian, MD, PhD, of Georgetown University,...
Expert Point of View: Lori Wood, MD
Formal discussant of KEYNOTE-426, Lori Wood, MD, of Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, called both KEYNOTE-426 and JAVELIN-101 “practice-changing.” “In 2019, we have a new standard of care,” Dr. Wood declared. “The majority of patients with clear cell advanced renal cell carcinoma ...
Pembrolizumab/Axitinib Combination Improves Outcomes vs Sunitinib in Kidney Cancer
The checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab plus the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) tyrosine kinase inhibitor axitinib significantly improved overall survival, progression-free survival, and objective response rates vs sunitinib as first-line therapy for clear cell metastatic renal cell...
2019 ASCO-SITC: Combined Targeting of TIM-3 and PD-L1 Immune Checkpoint Pathways in Advanced Relapsed or Refractory Solid Tumors
A phase Ia/Ib trial was launched in order to evaluate the safety of LY3321367, an anti–T-cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain–containing molecule-3 (TIM-3) antibody, administered alone or in combination with LY3300054, an anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibody, in...
Creating ‘Right-Sized’ Follow-up Care in Oncology as Number of Cancer Survivors Grows
An aging population, a growing number of cancer survivors, and a projected shortage of cancer care providers will lead to challenges in delivering care for cancer survivors in the United States if systemic changes are not made, according to a commentary in the Journal of the National Cancer...
Stereotactic Ablative vs Standard Radiotherapy in Inoperable Stage I NSCLC
In the phase III TROG 09.02 CHISEL trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Ball et al found that stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy improved local disease control vs standard radiotherapy in peripherally located, inoperable stage I non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The open-label trial ...
Can Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Improve Treatment-Induced Menopausal Symptoms in Survivors of Breast Cancer?
In a Dutch study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Atema et al found that an Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) intervention improved treatment-induced menopausal symptoms in breast cancer survivors compared with a waiting list control group. In the study, 254 women...
2019 ASCO-SITC: Combination Immunotherapy for Breast Cancer With Trastuzumab and a HER2-Targeted Vaccine
After preclinical findings showed shared activity between trastuzumab and HER2-targeted vaccines, researchers evaluated adjvuant nelipepimut-S plus granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) with trastuzumab compared to trastuzumab with GM-CSF alone in patients with HER2...
FDA Approves Trastuzumab and Hyaluronidase-oysk for Subcutaneous Injection in Certain HER2-Positive Breast Cancers
On February 28, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved trastuzumab and hyaluronidase-oysk (Herceptin Hylecta) for subcutaneous injection for the treatment of certain patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer (node-positive, or node-negative and estrogen receptor/progesterone...
Statement on the NIH’s Efforts to Address Sexual Harassment in Science
Leadership from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) issued the following statement yesterday: As the NIH Director stated in September, sexual harassment is about power. The goal of the perpetrator, most commonly but not exclusively a man, is to objectify, exclude, demoralize,...
TAT 2019: Trends in Distribution of Cancer Type in Phase I Trials
The proportion of early-stage drug trials tackling the most common tumor types has declined sharply since the early 1990s, as less common cancers receive increasing attention in trials, according to new research presented by Sato et al at the TAT 2019–International Congress on Targeted...
TAT 2019: Use of the Lung Immune Prognostic Index in Stratifying Outcomes in Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
The Lung Immune Prognostic Index (LIPI) calculated prior to the initiation of treatment may be used to stratify patients with diverse tumor types into groups that significantly associate with outcome following immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, according to a retrospective study presented at the...
TAT 2019: Barriers to Clinical Trial Access for Adolescents vs Young Adults With Cancer
Compared to young adults, adolescents with the same types of cancer have far less access to immunotherapy and/or targeted therapies, according to findings presented at the TAT 2019–International Congress on Targeted Anticancer Therapies in Paris. In addition, young adults could be included in ...
Sacituzumab Govitecan-hziy in Heavily Pretreated, Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
In a phase I/II trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Bardia et al found durable responses with the antibody-drug conjugate sacituzumab govitecan-hziy in patients with heavily pretreated, metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. The monoclonal antibody sacituzumab targets the...
Relapse Risk and Survival With Contemporary Therapy in Young Patients With Hodgkin Lymphoma
In a Nordic Lymphoma Epidemiology Group study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Biccler et al found that relapse risk and loss in expectation of lifetime were low in young patients receiving contemporary therapy for classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Outcomes were particularly good among...
AACR 2019: Does Treatment With Abiraterone Acetate Benefit Patients With Advanced Prostate Cancer and Preexisting Cardiovascular Disease?
Patients with advanced prostate cancer who had preexisting cardiovascular disease had a higher risk of mortality in the 6 months after starting abiraterone acetate treatment compared with those who had no preexisting cardiovascular disease, according to data presented by Lu-Yao et al at a presscast ...
AACR 2019: Diet May Influence Gut Microbiome and Response to Immunotherapy
Among patients with melanoma treated with anti–programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) immunotherapy, consumption of a high-fiber diet was associated with higher gut microbiome diversity and better response to treatment, according to data presented by Spencer et al at a presscast in advance of ...
Neoplasm and Malignancy Risk in Nonproband Carriers of Pathogenic Germline Variants in DICER1
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Stewart et al identified the risk of neoplasms and malignancies among nonproband carriers of pathogenic germline variants in DICER1. The nonproband carriers were the biologic relatives of probands enrolled in three cohorts of individuals...
AACR 2019: Survey Finds Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer Is Often Misdiagnosed, Treated at Later Stages
A recent study by the American Cancer Society (ACS) has found that while colorectal cancer incidence in the United States is rapidly declining overall, colorectal cancer rates are increasing among young adults. According to the study, compared with adults born in the 1950s, those born in the 1990s...
AACR 2019: Liquid Biopsy–Based Test May Be Reliable in Identifying Treatment for Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
The number of guideline-recommended biomarkers to be assessed in patients with newly diagnosed, metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is increasing. These biomarkers include both predictive targets—including EGFR, ALK, ROS1, BRAF, RET, MET, and ERBB2—and prognostic...
Medical Expenses in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease and Cancer
New research published by Chopra et al in JNCCN—Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network calls for much greater integration between cardiologists and oncologists for patients with coronary artery disease who are diagnosed with cancer. Coronary artery disease is the most...
Decline in Rates for HPV16/18-Positive Cervical Precancers Since Introduction of the HPV Vaccine
According to the World Health Organization, approximately 70% of cervical cancers worldwide are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18. In 2006, the HPV vaccine was introduced in the United States to prevent HPV-associated morbidity and mortality. A study analyzing data on the...
Addition of Pembrolizumab to Trastuzumab in PD-L1–Positive, Trastuzumab-Resistant, HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
In the phase II portion of a phase Ib/II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Loi et al found evidence of activity of pembrolizumab plus trastuzumab in programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1)-positive, trastuzumab-resistant, HER2-positive advanced breast cancer. Study Details In the...
Addition of Docetaxel to Hormone Therapy in High-Risk Prostate Cancer With Rising PSA Levels
In a French phase III trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Oudard et al found that the addition of docetaxel to androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) did not improve prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression-free survival in men with high-risk prostate cancer with rising PSA after primary local therapy. ...
FDA Approves Trifluridine/Tipiracil for Recurrent, Metastatic Gastric and GEJ Adenocarcinoma
On February 22, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved trifluridine/tipiracil tablets (Lonsurf)—a fixed combination of trifluridine, a nucleoside metabolic inhibitor, and tipiracil, a thymidine phosphorylase inhibitor—for adult patients with metastatic gastric or...
Newly Discovered Mutation in BCL2 Protein Impacts Outcomes in Patients With Progressive CLL
INVESTIGATORS FROM Australia have identified a genetic mutation that causes resistance to the targeted drug venetoclax in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), according to research presented at the 2018 American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting & Exposition1 and...
First-Line Ibrutinib/Rituximab Combination Shows Benefit for Younger Patients With CLL
FIRST-LINE therapy with the combination of ibrutinib and rituximab reduced disease progression by two-thirds compared with standard chemotherapy using fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab (FCR) in younger patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), according to the late-breaking...
Large Single-Arm Trial of Hydroxyurea for Sickle Cell Anemia in Sub-Saharan Africa
THE LARGEST PROSPECTIVE trial of hydroxyurea for sickle cell anemia has shown that this treatment is feasible, accepted, well tolerated, and safe for children living in sub-Saharan Africa. Hydroxyurea has long been the standard of care for treating children with sickle cell anemia in developed...
Expert Point of View: Mrinal Patnaik, MBBS, and David P. Steensma, MD
Mrinal S. Patnaik, MBBS, Associate Professor of Internal Medicine and Oncology and a consultant in hematology at the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, commented on the MEDALIST trial for The ASCO Post. “Given its unique mode of action, relative ease of administration, and excellent tolerability,...
Luspatercept May Reduce the Need for Transfusion in Lower-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes
IN THE RANDOMIZED, double-blind, phase III MEDALIST trial, the experimental drug luspatercept significantly reduced the need for frequent red blood cell transfusions in patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and ring sideroblasts. With luspatercept, 37.8% of patients remained...
Front-Line Ibrutinib Improves Progression-Free Survival in Older Patients With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
IN A PHASE III TRIAL reported during the Plenary Session at the 2018 American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting & Exposition and published in The New England Journal of Medicine, single-agent ibrutinib and ibrutinib/rituximab were associated with superior progression-free survival vs...
Conference Highlights From the 2018 American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting & Exposition
In sunny San Diego, the 2018 American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting & Exposition welcomed nearly 30,000 attendees who were eager to present, learn, network, and cheer the joint achievements of many researchers. The packed meeting was filled with important information from...
