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Showing 15201 - 15250‘Smart Technology’ System for Home Hospice Symptom Management and Care Helps Both Patients With Cancer and Family Caregivers
Early findings from a study of 319 families suggest that use of an innovative, telephone-based symptom monitoring and coaching system during home hospice care leads to significantly decreased patient symptoms in the final weeks of life. The findings will be presented at the 2014 Palliative Care in...
Partnership Between Medical Oncologists and Palliative Care Specialists Improves Outcomes at an Inpatient Oncology Unit
First evaluation of a pioneering “co-rounding” partnership between medical oncologists and palliative care specialists at Duke University Medical Center shows improvements in both health system–related and patient-related outcomes. The first year of the new partnership—set...
Study Finds Increased Expression of NQO1 in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients With KRAS Mutations
In smokers with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the relationship between KRAS mutations and NQO1 may be of future therapeutic value, according to the study findings presented by Yilmaz et al in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. The researchers...
14 Million Major Medical Conditions Attributable to Cigarette Smoking
At least 14 million major medical conditions among U.S. adults aged 35 years and older were attributed to cigarette smoking by a study estimating the disease burden of cigarette smoking, which, according to the study’s authors, “remains immense.” Among current and former smokers,...
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Plus Two Anti-HER2 Agents Optimal for HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
For women with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer, combining two anti-HER2 agents with chemotherapy is the most effective treatment modality in the neoadjuvant setting, according to a meta-analysis published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. The...
Increase in PSA Levels 5 to 10 Years After Prostatectomy May Not Signify Subsequent Development of Metastasis in Patient's Lifetime
While early treatment of prostate cancer recurrence after a radical prostatectomy based on detectable or rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels may reduce the risk of disease metastasis, even without salvage treatment, many patients will die of other causes before metastatic disease...
Death of Patients Within 1 Month of Cancer Surgery Influenced by Social and Demographic Factors
In a new study of more than 1.1 million patients who underwent surgery for the most common or fatal cancers, nearly 1 in 20 (4.8%) patients died within 1 month of the procedure. The risk of death was highest among patients who were not married, uninsured, non-white, male, older, less educated,...
Having Dependent Children Motivates Parents With Advanced Cancer to Pursue More Aggressive, Life-Extending Treatments
Findings from a pilot study of 42 parents with advanced cancer indicate that parental status is an important factor in treatment decision-making. When asked how having children influences their treatment decisions, the majority of parents (64%) responded that being a parent motivates them to pursue ...
Single-Day Education Program Mitigates Psychosexual Side Effects of Risk-Reducing Salpingo-Oophorectomy
More women are undergoing salpingo-oophorectomy as a cancer prevention measure, but many are unaware of the potential sexual or psychological side effects of the procedure. A new study by researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute demonstrated that a half-day educational program can help ...
Racial Differences in the Risk of Second Breast Tumors Reported in Women With Ductal Carcinoma in Situ
Regardless of age at diagnosis, type of treatment, tumor grade or size, and tumor histology, black and Hispanic women had a higher risk of second ipsilateral breast tumors than did white women after ductal carcinoma in situ, according to the results of a large registry study presented by Liu et al...
Hormone Loss Could Be Involved in Colon Cancer
Some cancers, like breast and prostate cancer, are driven by hormones such as estrogen and testosterone, but to date, there are none that are understood to be driven by the lack of a hormone. New evidence reported by researchers at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, suggests that human...
Study Finds Potential Link Between BRCA1/2 Mutations and Salivary Gland Cancer
The risk of developing cancer in a salivary gland might be higher in people with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations, which are associated with breast and ovarian cancer, according to a new study by researchers at The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital...
New Predictive Model for Lung Cancer May Improve Accuracy in Prescreening Lung Nodules Prior to Resection
An investigative predictive model for lung cancer demonstrated more accuracy than the more commonly used Mayo Clinic model in prescreening lung nodules prior to resection, according to the results of a study reported by Deppen et al in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology. The investigators suggested...
Study Identifies Groups at Risk for Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
Researchers at the University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine have, for the first time, clearly defined the epidemiology of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), which occur primarily in the lining of the stomach and small intestine. Of note was the discovery that patients of Asian...
One in Three People With Cancer Has Anxiety or Other Mental Health Challenges
Researchers in Germany report that nearly one-third of more than 2,100 patients with cancer interviewed at inpatient and outpatient care centers experienced a clinically meaningful level of mental or emotional distress that meets the strict diagnostic criteria for mental disorders including...
Overexpression of Threonyl tRNA-Synthetase Demonstrates Potential Value as a Prognostic and Therapeutic Factor in Ovarian Cancer Patients
The molecule threonyl tRNA-synthetase may provide value as a serum diagnostic marker and a potential target of therapy for ovarian cancer, according to the results of a study reported by Wellman et al in BMC Cancer. In addition, the mortality risk was slightly reduced for patients with high...
New Mutations Found in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Lead to Dramatic Response and Acquired Resistance to Everolimus
A study involving a patient with metastatic anaplastic thyroid cancer who achieved a near-complete response to everolimus (Afinitor) that lasted for 18 months, followed by progressive disease, has revealed a previously unknown mutation in the TSC2 gene and in the mTOR protein. The discovery...
Fiber-Based Laxatives Linked to Decreased Risk of Colorectal Cancer
A large, prospective study involving more than 75,000 adults in western Washington has found that frequent use of fiber-based laxatives is associated with a decreased risk of colorectal cancer. The study also found that use of nonfiber laxatives is linked to significantly increased risk of...
After Adjustment for Stage at Diagnosis, No Difference Evident in Melanoma-Specific Mortality Between Amelanotic and Pigmented Melanomas
In a large international population-based study reported in JAMA Dermatology, Thomas et al found that increased risk of melanoma-related mortality for patients with amelanotic vs those with pigmented melanomas was no longer evident after adjustment for tumor stage at diagnosis. The study involved...
2014 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Awarded to John O’Keefe, FRS, May-Britt Moser, PhD, and Edvard I. Moser, PhD
The Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet has awarded the 2014 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine to John O’Keefe, FRS, and to May-Britt Moser, PhD, and Edvard I. Moser, PhD, for their discoveries of cells that constitute a positioning system in the brain. This “inner GPS”...
Researchers Discover Genetic Variant That Can Predict Aggressive Prostate Cancer at Diagnosis
Researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center have identified a biomarker adjacent to the KLK3 gene that can predict which prostate cancer patients with a Gleason score of 7 will have a more aggressive form of cancer. The findings by He et al, published in Clinical Cancer...
Sex Steroid Hormones May Play a Role in the Development of Aggressive Prostate Cancer
Men with higher estradiol-to-testosterone ratios had a substantially reduced risk of aggressive prostate cancer, whereas men with higher ratios of 2-hydroxyestrone to 16α-hydroxyestrone had an increased risk of such cancer, according to the study findings presented by Black et al in Cancer...
Next-Generation HPV Vaccine May Prevent 90% of Cervical Cancer Cases Worldwide
A study of a nine-valent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine that provides protection against HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58, has found it to be highly safe and efficacious. If vaccination programs with this new-generation vaccine are effectively implemented, approximately 90% of...
ESMO 2014: Lung Cancer Vaccine Fails to Improve Survival in Surgically Resected Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
The MAGRIT trial showed disappointing results for a developmental vaccine called MAGE-3 in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who had undergone surgical resection. This is the largest vaccine trial conducted in lung cancer, and investigators hoped that an immunotherapy approach...
ESMO 2014: Phase III Study Confirms Regorafenib’s Survival Benefit in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
The phase III CONCUR trial of regorafenib (Stivarga) monotherapy in Asian patients with previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer confirmed the overall survival benefit seen in the previous CORRECT trial and in an exploratory analysis suggested the benefit is substantial in patients not...
ESMO 2014: Adding Cediranib to Chemotherapy Improves Progression-Free Survival in Metastatic or Recurrent Cervical Cancer
For patients with recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer, adding the experimental drug cediranib to standard chemotherapy improved tumor shrinkage and resulted in a modest improvement in progression-free survival, researchers reported at the ESMO 2014 Congress in Madrid (Abstract LBA25_PR). In...
ESMO 2014: CLEOPATRA Study Shows ‘Unprecedented’ Survival With Dual HER2 Blockade in Metastatic Breast Cancer
In the final overall survival analysis of the phase III CLEOPATRA trial, patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer patients lived 15.7 months longer if they received pertuzumab (Perjeta) in addition to trastuzumab (Herceptin) and docetaxel, investigators reported at the ESMO 2014...
Boost in Plasma Levels of Chain Amino Acids Is Associated With Increased Risk of Pancreatic Cancer
In a recent study reported in Nature Medicine, scientists from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and the Harvard School of Public Health, among other institutions, investigated whether pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma produces metabolic changes that can be...
Screening for and Treating Early-Stage Lung Cancer Is Less Costly Than Treating Late-Stage Disease
A new study found that the average cost to screen high-risk individuals for lung cancer with low-dose computed tomography (CT) plus the average cost of curative-intent treatment is lower than the average cost to treat advanced-stage lung cancer, which quite rarely results in a cure. The findings by ...
Pennsylvania Has High Rate of Increase in Thyroid Cancer, Including Advanced and Larger Tumors
In a population-based study reported in JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Bann et al found that the average annual percent increase in thyroid cancer incidence in Pennsylvania approaches twice that in the rest of the country. The incidence of thyroid cancer in the United States has more...
Clinical Trials Investigate Treatment Options for Precursor Diseases to Multiple Myeloma
The availability of newer agents that have transformed treatment outcomes in multiple myeloma has naturally led to interest in studying these drugs earlier in precursor states, such as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and smoldering myeloma. Recent evidence suggests that this may...
Preclinical Study Identifies Potential Drug Combination for Mantle Cell Lymphoma and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Combining the molecular targeted drug ibrutinib (Imbruvica) with the investigational anticancer agent ABT-199 may improve outcomes for patients with mantle cell lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), according to preclinical data presented at the American Association for Cancer Research...
Preclinical Study Looks at RNA Polymerase I Inhibitor in Refractory AML and Multiple Myeloma
A laboratory study of the investigational drug CX-5461, which blocks the inhibition of RNA polymerase I transcription, has found that it prolonged survival in mouse models of highly aggressive acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and multiple myeloma refractory to standard therapy. In addition, the...
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors May Improve Treatment Outcomes in Children With Philadelphia Chromosome–Like ALL
Using genomic profiling and next-generation sequencing of patients with BCR-ABL1-like B-progenitor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-cell ALL) and Philadelphia chromosome–like ALL, researchers recently identified alterations targeting 18 kinase or cytokine receptor genes. They then determined...
Search for Effective Regimens in Elderly Patients With Hodgkin Lymphoma
As the U.S. population continues to age, oncologists will be faced with a growing number of elderly patients with Hodgkin lymphoma, but there is currently no consensus on how to treat this population. Regimens used to treat younger patients have too much toxicity for most older patients, and thus...
SMaRT Oncology-3 Trial Reports Collaborative Care Program Reduces Major Depression in Patients With Lung Cancer
In the SMaRT Oncology-3 study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Walker et al found that an integrated collaborative treatment program for depression (‘depression care for people with cancer’) was associated with significantly reduced severity of depression compared with usual care in...
Integrated Collaborative Care Program Highly Successful in Treating Major Depression in Patients With Cancer
In a Scottish study (SMaRT Oncology-2) reported in The Lancet, Sharpe, Walker et al found that an integrated collaborative treatment program for depression (‘depression care for people with cancer’) was associated with significantly higher depression response and remission rates...
mTOR Inhibitor Ridaforolimus Shows Activity in Advanced Endometrial Cancer
The oral mTOR inhibitor ridaforolimus was modestly active and reasonably tolerated in women with recurrent or metastatic endometrial cancer, according to the results of a phase II study reported in Gynecologic Oncology. Tsoref et al suggested that it may prove to be an effective therapeutic...
ASTRO: Analysis Finds Select Group of Stage IV Lung Cancer Patient Population Achieves Long-Term Survival After Aggressive Treatment
A large, international analysis of patients with stage IV non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) indicates that a patient’s overall survival rate can be related to factors including the timing of when metastases develop and lymph node involvement, and that aggressive treatment for low-risk...
Little Molecular Difference and No Prognostic Effect of Clinical HER2 Status in Context of Intrinsic Breast Cancer Subtypes
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Prat et al found that there was little difference in downstream gene or protein expression according to intrinsic breast cancer subtypes among clinical HER2-positive vs -negative breast cancers and that clinical HER2 status did...
AACR’s 2014 Cancer Progress Report Stresses Research Advances and More Federal Funding
The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) released its 2014 Cancer Progress Report today, which highlights the quickening pace of drug development and approval, especially in molecularly targeted agents that are leading to increased numbers of cancer survivors. However, the report also...
ASTRO: Radiation Therapy Alone vs Chemoradiotherapy for Reducing Dysphagia in Advanced Esophageal Cancer
Radiation therapy alone is as effective in decreasing swallowing complications experienced by advanced esophageal cancer patients as radiation therapy combined with chemotherapy, thus allowing patients to forgo chemotherapy, according to research presented at the American Society for Radiation...
ASTRO: Radiation Therapy Improves Survival in Patients With Early-Stage Hodgkin Lymphoma
Patients with stage I and II Hodgkin lymphoma who received consolidated radiation experienced improved 10-year survival rates, according to research presented at the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) 56th Annual Meeting (Abstract CT-08). The 10-year survival rate for patients who...
Modeling Study Critical of Intensive Colonoscopy Screening in Medicare Population
A modeling study reported in JAMA Internal Medicine by van Hees and colleagues showed that colonoscopy screening at intervals shorter than 10 years or continuing past 75 years of age in the Medicare population is associated with a reduced net health benefit from a societal perspective. Study ...
Racial/Ethnic Barriers to Breast Reconstruction After Mastectomy for Breast Cancer
In a study reported in JAMA Surgery, Morrow et al found that breast reconstruction after mastectomy for breast cancer largely reflects patient demand, with the majority of women being satisfied with the decision-making process. However, black women were significantly less likely to have...
No Significant Difference in Time to Treatment Failure With Rituximab Retreatment vs Maintenance in Low-Tumor-Burden Follicular Lymphoma
Maintenance rituximab (Rituxan) has been shown to improve progression-free survival vs observation in low-tumor-burden follicular lymphoma. In the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) E4402 Trial (RESORT), reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Kahl et al found no significant difference ...
National Lung Screening Trial Analysis Finds Low-Dose CT Screening Identifies More Lung Cancers in Older vs Younger Participants
Findings from the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) showed that screening high-risk individuals (smoking history of ≥ 30 pack-years) aged 55 to 74 with low-dose computed tomography (CT) vs chest radiography reduced lung cancer mortality. Following the study results, the U.S. Preventive...
Breast-Conserving Therapy Shows Survival Benefit Over Mastectomy in Patients With Early-Stage Hormone Receptor–Positive Disease
When factoring in what is now known about breast cancer biology and heterogeneity, breast-conserving therapy may offer a greater survival benefit over mastectomy to women with early-stage, hormone receptor–positive disease, according to research from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer ...
Once-Weekly Breast Irradiation Following Lumpectomy Results in Better Compliance, Lower Costs, and Comparable Cosmetic Outcomes vs Daily Treatment
An experimental regimen of once-weekly breast irradiation following lumpectomy provides more convenience to patients at a lower cost, results in better completion rates of prescribed radiation treatment, and produces cosmetic outcomes comparable to the current standard of daily radiation. These...
Disparities Persist in Early-Stage Breast Cancer Treatment
Despite its acceptance as standard of care for early-stage breast cancer almost 25 years ago, barriers still exist that preclude patients from receiving breast-conserving therapy, with some still opting for a mastectomy, according to research from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center....
