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prostate cancer

EAU 2018: Prostate MRI Reveals More Clinically Significant Cancers, Reduces Overdiagnosis Compared to Standard Biopsy

A large international study has shown that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can reduce the number of invasive prostate biopsies by up to 28%. The PRECISION trial showed that using MRI to target prostate biopsies leads to more harmful and fewer harmless prostate cancers being diagnosed. The results...

kidney cancer
prostate cancer
bladder cancer

EAU 2018: Survey Shows Greater Suicide Rate in Patients With Urologic Cancers

A major UK survey has shown that patients with urologic cancer—such as prostate, bladder, or kidney cancer—are five times more likely to commit suicide than people without cancer. The analysis also shows that patients with cancer generally are around three times more likely to commit...

prostate cancer

Effect of Single PSA-Based Screening on Prostate Cancer Mortality

In the UK-based CAP trial reported in JAMA, Martin et al found that a single prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening was not associated with better 10-year prostate cancer-specific survival vs the standard practice of no screening. Screening was associated with greater detection of prostate...

prostate cancer

FDA Grants Priority Review to sNDA for Enzalutamide in Nonmetastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

On March 19, a supplemental New Drug Application (sNDA) for enzalutamide (Xtandi) was accepted for filing and granted Priority Review designation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). If approved, the sNDA would expand the indication of enzalutamide to include men with nonmetastatic...

prostate cancer

Study Finds Shared Decision-Making Still Lacking in Prostate Cancer Screening

A new study found many men receiving prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing do so without a comprehensive shared decision-making process, contrary to current guidelines. The American Cancer Society study, published by Fedewa et al in Annals of Family Medicine, found that in both 2010 and 2015,...

Solid Tumors
Prostate Cancer

Targetable Immune Biology Found in Some Patients With Early-Stage Prostate Cancer

Although immunotherapy has improved outcomes across a growing number of cancers, its success in unselected cases of prostate cancer has been limited. According to data presented at the 2018 ASCO-SITC Clinical Immuno-Oncology Symposium, however, investigators have identified a group of patients with ...

Prostate Cancer
Immunotherapy

Small Study Evaluates Novel Combination in Metastatic Prostate Cancer

The combination of the poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor olaparib (Lynparza) and the programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor durvalumab (Imfinzi) produced positive preliminary results in men with metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer previously treated with...

prostate cancer

MRI-Based Model for Prostate Biopsy Risk Stratification

In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Mehralivand et al found that inclusion of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in a predictive model may reduce unnecessary biopsies in men with suspected prostate cancer. Study Details In the study, a predictive model adding MRI-derived prostate volume...

prostate cancer

Survival With Brachytherapy-Based Radiotherapy or Radical Prostatectomy in High-Risk Localized Prostate Cancer

In a study of National Cancer Database data reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Ennis et al found no significant survival differences between patients receiving brachytherapy-based radiotherapy vs radical prostatectomy in men with high-risk localized prostate cancer. Study Details The...

prostate cancer

Novel PET Imaging Agent Targets Copper in Tumors, Allowing Early Detection of Prostate Cancer Recurrence

An Italian study featured in The Journal of Nuclear Medicine demonstrates that a novel nuclear medicine imaging agent targeting copper accumulation in tumors can detect prostate cancer recurrence early in patients with biochemical relapse (ie, rising prostate-specific antigen [PSA] level). Copper...

Prostate Cancer

EXPERT POINT OF VIEW: Philip Kantoff, MD

  PHILIP KANTOFF, MD, of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, was the formal discussant of both trials. “At first glance, these are two positive trials,” Dr. Kantoff said. Although he praised the results, he said that overall survival is the best demonstration of clinical benefit, and ...

Prostate Cancer

Apalutamide, Enzalutamide Improve Metastasis-Free Survival in Nonmetastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer

IN TWO SEPARATE TRIALS presented at the 2018 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium, apalutamide and enzalutamide (Xtandi), respectively, reduced the risk of metastasis and prolonged metastasis-free survival in men with high-risk nonmetastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer. In the SPARTAN trial,1,2...

Prostate Cancer

New Agents for Initial Treatment of Metastatic Prostate Cancer: A New Standard of Care?

FOR DECADES, the status of metastatic prostate cancer trials was not particularly exciting. With an absence of high-impact novel agents, the focus of cancer trial groups was on the improvement of standard care. Well-crafted, large trials of hormonal therapy demonstrated the utility of combined...

prostate cancer

Multimodal Treatment in Patients With Gleason Score 9–10 Prostate Cancer

University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) researchers have discovered that a combination of high doses of radiotherapy and hormonal therapy provides the best chance of decreasing the mortality rate in men with aggressive prostate cancer. The findings, published by Kishan et al in JAMA, also...

prostate cancer

SPARTAN Trial: Metastasis-Free Survival in Nonmetastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

As reported by Smith et al in The New England Journal of Medicine, the phase III SPARTAN trial has shown that the androgen receptor inhibitor apalutamide (Erleada) produces significant improvement in metastasis-free survival and time to symptomatic progression vs placebo among men with...

Prostate Cancer

FDA Approves Abiraterone Acetate Plus Prednisone for High‑Risk Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer

ON FEBRUARY 7, 2018, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved abiraterone acetate (Zytiga) tablets in combination with prednisone for metastatic high-risk castration-sensitive prostate cancer.  The FDA initially approved abiraterone acetate with prednisone in 2011 for patients with...

Solid Tumors
Prostate Cancer

Combined Medical and Psychological Approach May Help Couples Reclaim Intimacy After Prostate Cancer Treatment

“To what extent do treatments for prostate cancer impact sexual functioning? To a great extent,” Christian Nelson, PhD, Chief, Psychiatry Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, told participants at the 11th Annual Oncofertility Consortium Conference in Chicago.1 Most men with...

prostate cancer

Long-Term Survival Outcomes With Chemohormonal Therapy in Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer

Analysis of long-term survival outcomes in the phase III CHAARTED trial showed a survival advantage with the addition of docetaxel to androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) in patients with hormone-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer, although no advantage was observed among patients with low-volume...

prostate cancer

FDA Approves Apalutamide for Nonmetastatic, Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) today approved apalutamide (Erleada) for the treatment of patients with prostate cancer that has not spread, but that continues to grow despite treatment with hormone therapy. This is the first FDA-approved treatment for nonmetastatic,...

prostate cancer

Eric J. Small, MD, on Prostate Cancer: Results From the SPARTAN Trial

Eric J. Small, MD, of the University of California, San Francisco, discusses phase III findings on apalutamide vs placebo in patients with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (Abstract 161).

prostate cancer

Paul L. Nguyen, MD, on Prostate Cancer: Abstract Roundup

Paul L. Nguyen, MD, of the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, summarizes a session he chaired on prostate cancer, which included discussion of daily vs weekly image-guided radiotherapy; a biomarker to predict biochemical failure and metastasis; a comparison of abiraterone or enzalutamide activity; and the impact of 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT on clinical management choices for men with biochemically recurrent disease (Abstracts 4, 5, 164, 165).

prostate cancer
immunotherapy

Fatima Karzai, MD, on Prostate Cancer: Treatment Study Results

Fatima Karzai, MD, of the National Institutes of Health, discusses phase II findings on olaparib and durvalumab in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer in an unselected population (Abstract 163).

prostate cancer

Nicholas D. James, MBBS, PhD, on Prostate Cancer: Results From the STAMPEDE Trial

Nicholas D. James, MBBS, PhD, of University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, discusses study findings on the addition of docetaxel to first-line hormone therapy in prostate cancer, an analysis focusing on cost-effectiveness and long-term and quality-adjusted survival (Abstract 162).

prostate cancer

Maha Hussain, MD, on Prostate Cancer: Results From the PROSPER Trial

Maha Hussain, MD, of Northwestern University, discusses phase III findings on enzalutamide in men with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (Abstract 3).

prostate cancer

Robert G. Bristow, MD, PhD, on Prostate Cancer: Keynote Lecture

Robert G. Bristow, MD, PhD, of Manchester Cancer Research Centre, discusses germline and somatic mutations; new ways to generate biomarkers that may describe tumor complexity; and how, in the future, this information may help triage patients with aggressive prostate tumors to intensified treatments.

prostate cancer

2018 GU CANCERS SYMPOSIUM: Antiandrogenic Therapy in Nonmetastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

Results from the phase III PROSPER trial in patients with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer were presented by Hussain et al at the 2018 Genitourinary Cancers Symposium (Abstract 3). The results show that the use of enzalutamide (Xtandi) plus androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT)...

prostate cancer

FDA Approves Abiraterone Acetate in Combination With Prednisone for High-Risk Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer

On February 7, 2018, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved abiraterone acetate (Zytiga) tablets in combination with prednisone for metastatic high-risk castration-sensitive prostate cancer. The FDA initially approved abiraterone acetate with prednisone in 2011 for patients with...

prostate cancer

Differentiating Cancerous Prostate Tissue From Benign Tissue

Using nuclear medicine, German researchers may have found a way to accurately differentiate cancerous tissue from healthy tissue in prostate cancer patients. The research is highlighted in findings published by Rahbar et al in The Journal of Nuclear Medicine. These new findings demonstrate that...

prostate cancer

2018 GU CANCERS SYMPOSIUM: Chemotherapy Added to Hormone Therapy for Prostate Cancer Improves Quality of Life

A new analysis of the ongoing STAMPEDE clinical trial found that adding docetaxel to hormone therapy for advanced prostate cancer improves quality of life and lowers the need for subsequent therapy. Docetaxel was also found to be cost-effective. These findings will be presented by James et al at...

prostate cancer

2018 GU CANCERS SYMPOSIUM: Apalutamide Delays Prostate Cancer Metastases by More Than 2 Years

Findings from the phase III placebo-controlled SPARTAN trial suggest that apalutamide is an effective treatment for men with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who are at high risk for developing metastatic disease and for whom no approved treatments exist. Men who received...

prostate cancer

Obese Men May Have Higher Risk for Biochemical Recurrence Following Radical Prostatectomy

Among men with prostate cancer who underwent radical prostatectomy, those who were obese had a higher risk of biochemical recurrence, according to data presented at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Special Conference on Obesity and Cancer: Mechanisms Underlying Etiology and...

prostate cancer

Patient-Reported Outcomes With Addition of Combination Treatment to ADT in Newly Diagnosed Metastatic Castration-Naive Prostate Cancer

As reported by Chi et al in The Lancet Oncology, the addition of abiraterone and prednisone to androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) in the phase III LATITUDE trial was associated with improved patient-reported outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed metastatic castration-naive prostate cancer. The...

prostate cancer
immunotherapy

James L. Gulley, MD, PhD, on Prostate Cancer: Expanding Immunotherapy Options

James L. Gulley, MD, PhD, of the National Cancer Institute, discusses combined treatment approaches showing early evidence of clinical activity: agents such as vaccines or PARP inhibitors that can initiate an immune response, paired with agents such as checkpoint inhibitors that can facilitate the activity of tumor-directed immune cells.

Prostate Cancer

Internationally Renowned Prostate Cancer Expert Gerald E. Hanks, MD, Dies

FROM WILHELM RÖNTGEN’S groundbreaking discovery of x-rays in 1895, the history of radiotherapy has been rich with colorful paradigm-changing researchers and physicians who over the past century have transformed the field into one of the pillars of cancer treatment. One such trailblazer who...

Prostate Cancer

Pomegranates and Other Polyphenols: New Evidence to Share With Prostate Cancer Patients

The ASCO Post’s Integrative Oncology series is intended to facilitate the availability of evidence-based information on integrative and complementary therapies commonly used by patients with cancer. In this installment, Channing Paller, MD, explores the role of pomegranate- and grape-based...

prostate cancer

CTC Number May Be Marker of Improved Survival in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Heller et al identified two circulating tumor cell (CTC) markers that had high discriminatory ability for improved survival in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Study Details The study used individual patient data from 5...

prostate cancer

PSA at 7 Months and Prognosis in Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer Treated With ADT With or Without Chemotherapy

In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Harshman et al found that a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level ≤ 0.2 ng/mL at 7 months after the start of androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) was significantly associated with longer overall survival in metastatic...

prostate cancer

PARP1 and Androgen Receptor Inhibition in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

In a phase II trial (NCI 9012) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Hussain et al found no benefit of adding PARP1 inhibition with veliparib to abiraterone (Zytiga) plus prednisone in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. ETS fusion status was not predictive of...

prostate cancer

Bipolar Androgen Therapy After Progression on Enzalutamide in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

In a single-center phase II study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Teply et al found that bipolar androgen therapy can induce prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response and resensitization to enzalutamide (Xtandi) in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who progressed on...

prostate cancer

Surveillance vs Metastasis-Directed Therapy in Recurrent Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer

In a Belgian phase II study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Ost et al found that androgen deprivation therapy (ADT)-free survival was prolonged with metastasis-directed therapy vs surveillance in recurrent oligometastatic prostate cancer. Study Details Sixty-two patients with...

Solid Tumors
Prostate Cancer

Lower Dose of Cabazitaxel in Prostate Cancer

On September 14, 2017, the microtubule inhibitor cabazitaxel (Jevtana) was approved at the lower dose of 20 mg/m2 every 3 weeks in combination with prednisone for treatment of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer previously treated with a docetaxel-containing regimen.1,2...

prostate cancer

Study Finds Racial Disparities in Treatment of Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer

In a study reported in the Journal of Oncology Practice, Bickell et al found underuse of treatment for clinically significant prostate cancer was infrequent among white and black patients at two New York City hospitals, but black men accounted for nearly all such underuse of treatment. As noted by...

prostate cancer

Novel Clinical-Genomic Risk Group Classification for Localized Prostate Cancer

As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Spratt et al have developed an integrated clinical-genomic risk classifier for predicting distant metastasis in patients with localized prostate cancer. The classifier uses National Comprehensive Cancer Network® (NCCN) risk categories and risk...

breast cancer
prostate cancer
issues in oncology

Urban American Indian and Alaskan Natives May Have Lower Survival Rates Following Invasive Prostate and Breast Cancers

Compared with the non-Hispanic white (NHW) population, the urban American Indian and Alaskan Native (AIAN) community was more likely to have lower survival rates following invasive prostate and breast cancer, according to a new study by Emerson et al in Cancer Research. “It’s been...

Prostate Cancer

Health-Related Quality of Life With Immediate vs Delayed ADT in Prostate Cancer

In a health-related quality-of-life study among patients in the phase III TOAD trial, immediate vs delayed androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) was associated with early worsening of androgen-deprivation therapy–related symptoms but few other comparative adverse effects on functioning or quality of...

Prostate Cancer

Bone-Targeted Therapies for Men With Prostate Cancer Receiving Androgen-Deprivation Therapy

Among men diagnosed with prostate cancer, about one in two will receive androgen-deprivation therapy, which is associated with many potential adverse side effects, including significant bone loss and increased risk for low trauma or fragility fractures similar to those found in people with primary ...

Prostate Cancer

Adverse Pathologic Findings in Low-Volume Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer

In a single-center analysis reported in JAMA Oncology, Hiten D. Patel, MD, MPH, of The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, and colleagues found that among men undergoing elective radical prostatectomy, those with low-volume intermediate-risk...

Prostate Cancer

Comparison of Circulating Tumor DNA and Metastatic Tissue Biopsy in Identifying Mutations in Prostate Cancer

In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Wyatt et al found high agreement between driver mutations in plasma circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and metastatic tissue biopsy in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Martin Gleave, MD, and Alexander Wyatt, DPhil, of Vancouver...

prostate cancer

TMPRSS2-ERG Genetic Fusion May Be Associated With Low-Risk Prostate Cancer

Establishing the way in which a genetic alteration called a TMPRSS2-ERG gene fusion forms in a prostate cancer, rather than the presence of the gene fusion itself, could help identify patients with prostate cancer with a low risk of spreading, which might determine the best course of treatment for...

prostate cancer

HSD3B1 Variant and Response to Nonsteroidal CYP17A1 Inhibition in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

As reported in JAMA Oncology by Almassi et al, extragonadal androgen ablation with the nonsteroidal CYP17A1 inhibitor ketoconazole improved outcome in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer according to the number of inherited HSD3B1 (1245C) alleles. HSD3B1 (1245C) is associated...

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