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Bladder Cancer

Perioperative Dose-Dense MVAC vs Gemcitabine/Cisplatin in Nonmetastatic Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Pfister et al, the French phase III GETUG-AFU V05 VESPER trial showed a nonsignificant improvement in 3-year progression-free survival with dose-dense methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (dd- MVAC) vs gemcitabine/cisplatin given...

Bladder Cancer
Kidney Cancer
Prostate Cancer
Immunotherapy

Genitourinary Oncology 2021–2022 Almanac

The past year has witnessed tremendous advances in genitourinary oncology. I am pleased to review these findings in this year’s Genitourinary Oncology Almanac from The ASCO Post. I hope that you will find this roadmap helpful in highlighting a selection of these exciting developments. Checkpoint...

Bladder Cancer

Neoadjuvant Enfortumab Vedotin-ejfv Shows Activity in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

Neoadjuvant treatment with the antibody-drug conjugate enfortumab vedotin-ejfv achieved notable antitumor activity in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer who are ineligible for treatment with cisplatin, according to preliminary results for cohort H of the EV-103 trial reported at the 2022...

Bladder Cancer

Neoadjuvant dd-MVAC Improves Local Control and Progression-Free Survival in Patients With Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

The VESPER phase III trial answers some key questions regarding the optimal management of muscle-invasive bladder cancer. The study found that the neoadjuvant regimen of dose-dense methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (dd-MVAC) was superior to standard gemcitabine/cisplatin in...

Immunotherapy
Bladder Cancer

Adjuvant Nivolumab Improves Disease-Free Survival in High-Risk Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma

As reported inThe New England Journal of Medicine by Dean F. Bajorin, MD, of the Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and colleagues, an interim analysis of the phase III CheckMate 274 trial has shown improved disease-free survival with adjuvant nivolumab vs placebo...

Bladder Cancer

EV-301 Trial: Enfortumab Vedotin-ejfv Improves Overall Survival vs Chemotherapy in Previously Treated Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma

As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Thomas Powles, MD, of Barts Cancer Centre, Queen Mary University of London, and colleagues, a prespecified interim analysis of the phase III EV-301 trial has shown improved overall survival with the antibody-drug conjugate enfortumab...

Bladder Cancer

Sacituzumab Govitecan-hziy in Urothelial Carcinoma Progressing After Platinum-Based Chemotherapy and Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy

In a cohort of the phase II TROPHY-U-01 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Scott T. Tagawa, MD, MS, of Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, and colleagues, found that the antibody-drug conjugate sacituzumab govitecan-hziy produced durable responses in patients with metastatic...

kidney cancer
bladder cancer
prostate cancer
genomics/genetics
immunotherapy
covid-19

Sumanta K. Pal, MD, on Advances in Genitourinary Cancer Treatment: Expert Perspective

Sumanta K. Pal, MD, of City of Hope National Medical Center, discusses some key research developments in kidney cancer, including data on nivolumab and ipilimumab with or without CBM588 in metastatic renal cell carcinoma; intestinal microbiome associated with the development of grade 3 or 4 adverse events in patients with metastatic disease who have been treated with nivolumab plus ipilimumab and probiotic support; the link between TERT promoter mutations and clinical outcome with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for advanced urothelial cancer; mutations in the androgen receptor gene in patients with prostate cancer receiving novel androgen deprivation treatments; and findings on waning antibody titers in patients who have received COVID-19 vaccinations (Roundup of Abstracts 371, 561, 374, Posters 38 and 48).

Bladder Cancer

Laura Bukavina, MD, MPH, Wins ASCO Genitourinary Conquer Cancer Merit Award for Microbiome Research in Bladder Cancer

Laura Bukavina, MD, MPH, a Urologic oncology fellow at Fox Chase Cancer Center, has been awarded the ASCO Genitourinary Conquer Cancer Merit Award. She presented the winning abstract, which characterizes the gut microbiome of patients with bladder cancer, at the 2022 ASCO Genitourinary (GU) Cancers ...

bladder cancer
immunotherapy

Petros Grivas, MD, PhD, on Urothelial Cancer: New Data on Sacituzumab Govitecan-hziy and Pembrolizumab

Petros Grivas, MD, PhD, of the University of Washington and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, discusses results from Cohort 3 of the TROPHY-U-01 study, which assessed sacituzumab govitecan-hziy in combination with pembrolizumab in patients with metastatic urothelial cancer who experienced disease progression after platinum-based regimens (Abstract 434).

bladder cancer

Massimo Di Maio, MD, on Urothelial Cancer: Data on Niraparib and Best Supportive Care as Maintenance Therapy

Massimo Di Maio, MD, of the University of Turin, discusses the Meet-URO12 study, which showed that maintenance niraparib plus best supportive care (BSC) did not prolong progression-free survival, compared with BSC alone, among patients with urothelial cancer that did not progress after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy.

bladder cancer
immunotherapy

Jonathan E. Rosenberg, MD, on Urothelial Cancer: New Conclusions About Durvalumab Plus Olaparib

Jonathan E. Rosenberg, MD, of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, discusses phase II findings from the BAYOU trial, which studied durvalumab in combination with olaparib for first-line treatment of platinum-ineligible patients with unresectable, stage IV urothelial carcinoma. Because secondary analyses indicated a potential progression-free survival benefit with this combination, there may be a role for PARP inhibitors in the treatment of advanced disease with homologous recombination repair mutation (Abstract 437).

issues in oncology
bladder cancer
kidney cancer
prostate cancer

Karen E. Knudsen, PhD, MBA, on Addressing Disparities in Genitourinary Cancers

Karen E. Knudsen, PhD, MBA, Chief Executive Officer of the American Cancer Society, discusses ways to address the inequities in genitourinary screening, treatment, and outcomes. Her suggestions focus on increasing awareness of screening, identifying risk factors, the dramatic rise in incidence among Hispanic individuals, and the basis for increased mortality in Black men.

bladder cancer

Wesley Yip, MD, on Urothelial Carcinoma: New Data on Neoadjuvant Gemcitabine and Cisplatin

Wesley Yip, MD, of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, discusses phase II results on neoadjuvant gemcitabine and cisplatin for high-grade upper tract urothelial carcinoma, which was well tolerated and demonstrated a favorable pathologic response rate. Dr. Yip notes that this treatment, given prior to nephroureterectomy, did not significantly delay surgery or increase perioperative complication rates.

bladder cancer

Simon J. Crabb, PhD, MBBS, on Urothelial Carcinoma: Switch Maintenance Therapy With Rucaparib Following Chemotherapy

Simon J. Crabb, PhD, MBBS, of the Southampton Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, discusses data from the ATLANTIS trial, in which the authors hypothesized that switch maintenance therapy with the PARP inhibitor rucaparib, in patients who have derived clinical benefit from first-line chemotherapy, may improve outcomes for those with metastatic urothelial carcinoma that harbored a composite biomarker for DNA repair deficiency (Abstract 436).

Bladder Cancer
Kidney Cancer
Prostate Cancer

Minority Enrollment in U.S. Phase II and III Trials in Genitourinary Cancers

In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Owens-Walton et al found that minority populations are underrepresented in phase II and III trials targeting prostate, kidney, and bladder cancers taking place in the United States. Study Details In the analysis, the ClinicalTrials.gov...

bladder cancer
immunotherapy

Daniel P. Petrylak, MD, on Bladder Cancer: Study EV-103 Cohort H Findings on Enfortumab Vedotin-ejfv

Daniel P. Petrylak, MD, of Yale Cancer Center, discusses new data on the antitumor activity of neoadjuvant treatment with enfortumab vedotin-ejfv monotherapy in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer who are not eligible for cisplatin.

Bladder Cancer
Genomics/Genetics

Study Examines Predictive Biomarker for Bladder Cancer Survival

Long-term survival data from the first prospective, randomized biomarker validation trial in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer being treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy before surgery are being reported at the 2022 ASCO Genitourinary Cancers Symposium by Thomas W. Flaig, MD, and...

Bladder Cancer
Immunotherapy

Neoadjuvant Enfortumab Vedotin-ejfv in Cisplatin-Ineligible Patients With Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

The antibody-drug conjugate enfortumab vedotin-ejfv is effective in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer who are not eligible for cisplatin chemotherapy, according to data from cohort H of the phase IB/II EV-103 clinical trial being presented at the 2022 ASCO Genitourinary Cancers Symposium ...

Bladder Cancer
Immunotherapy

Neoadjuvant Atezolizumab Plus Gemcitabine and Cisplatin in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

In a phase II trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Funt et al found that the combination of neoadjuvant atezolizumab with gemcitabine and cisplatin resulted in a high rate of tumor downstaging to < pT2N0 in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Study Details The U.S....

Bladder Cancer

Erdafitinib for Patients With Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma and FGFR Alterations

As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Arlene O. Siefker-Radtke, MD, and colleagues, the final analysis of the phase II BLC2001 trial has shown maintained activity of the pan-fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor erdafitinib in patients with locally advanced unresectable ...

Bladder Cancer

Neoadjuvant dd-MVAC Improves Local Control and Progression-Free Survival in Patients With Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

The VESPER phase III trial answers some key questions regarding the optimal management of muscle-invasive bladder cancer. The study found that the neoadjuvant regimen of dose-dense methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (dd-MVAC) was superior to standard gemcitabine/cisplatin in...

bladder cancer
genomics/genetics

Thomas Powles, MD, PhD, on Urothelial Carcinoma: Erdafitinib, Cetrelimab, and FGFR Alterations

Thomas Powles, MD, PhD, of Queen Mary University of London, discusses phase II results from the NORSE study, which showed that the kinase inhibitor erdafitinib plus the monoclonal antibody cetrelimab produced meaningful responses in cisplatin-ineligible patients with first-line metastatic or locally advanced urothelial carcinoma and fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) alterations (Abstract LBA27).

Bladder Cancer
Immunotherapy

Nivolumab for Adjuvant Treatment of Urothelial Carcinoma

On August 19, 2021, the PD-1 inhibitor nivolumab was approved for adjuvant treatment of patients with urothelial carcinoma who are at high risk of recurrence after undergoing radical resection.1 This is the first approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for adjuvant treatment of patients...

Bladder Cancer

dd-MVAC vs Gemcitabine/Cisplatin for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

The randomized phase III controlled GETUG/AFU VESPER V05 trial was designed to compare the efficacy of two perioperative treatment regimens—gemcitabine/cisplatin or dose-dense methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (dd-MVAC)—in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. The...

Bladder Cancer

Radical Cystectomy: Early-Stage Micropapillary Bladder Cancer Outcomes Similar to Late-Stage Conventional Urothelial Carcinoma

A study presented by Kevin Ginsburg, MD, and colleagues at the American Urological Association 2021 Annual Meeting has found that among patients treated with radical cystectomy, those with cT1 micropapillary bladder cancer had similar or worse oncologic outcomes compared with patients with cT2...

Bladder Cancer

Enfortumab Vedotin-ejfv in Urothelial Cancer

On July 9, 2021, enfortumab vedotin-ejfv, an antibody-drug conjugate targeting nectin-4, was granted regular approval. The agent is indicated for the treatment of adults with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer who have received a PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitor and platinum chemotherapy or...

Bladder Cancer
Immunotherapy

Neoadjuvant Gemcitabine and Split-Dose Cisplatin Plus Pembrolizumab for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

In a phase II study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Tracy L. Rose, MD, MPH, and colleagues found that neoadjuvant therapy with pembrolizumab, gemcitabine, and primarily split-dose cisplatin resulted in pathologic downstaging (< pT2N0) in more than half of patients undergoing...

Bladder Cancer
Immunotherapy

FDA Revises Label for Pembrolizumab in Patients With Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma

On August 31, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) revised the label for the anti–PD-1 therapy pembrolizumab for its indication in first-line advanced urothelial carcinoma. The FDA converted the indication from an accelerated approval to a full approval. In addition, as part of the label...

Bladder Cancer

Addition of ATR Inhibitor Berzosertib to Cisplatin/Gemcitabine in Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma

In a phase II trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Sumanta K. Pal, MD, FASCO, and colleagues found that the addition of the ATR inhibitor berzosertib to cisplatin/gemcitabine provided no benefit in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma. The triplet did not prolong progression-free survival, and ...

Bladder Cancer
Immunotherapy

Sacituzumab Govitecan-hziy for Locally Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Cancer

On April 13, 2021, sacituzumab govitecan-hziy was granted accelerated approval to treat patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer who had received platinum-containing chemotherapy and either a PD-1 or a PD-L1 inhibitor.1 Supporting Efficacy Data Approval was based on findings...

Bladder Cancer
Immunotherapy

FDA Approves Nivolumab for Adjuvant Treatment of Urothelial Carcinoma

On August 19, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the anti–PD-1 therapy nivolumab (Opdivo) for the adjuvant treatment of patients with urothelial carcinoma who are at high risk of disease recurrence after undergoing radical resection. This is the first FDA approval for adjuvant...

Bladder Cancer
Immunotherapy

Adjuvant Nivolumab Improves Disease-Free Survival in High-Risk Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma

As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Dean F. Bajorin, MD, of the Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and colleagues, an interim analysis of the phase III CheckMate 274 trial has shown improved disease-free survival with adjuvant nivolumab vs placebo...

Immunotherapy
Bladder Cancer

Is Disease-Free Survival the Best Endpoint for Adjuvant Nivolumab in High-Risk, Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma?

The role of adjuvant treatment for invasive, high-grade bladder cancer remains controversial and challenging. Sternberg et al reported a statistically significant progression-free survival benefit from adjuvant combination gemcitabine/cisplatin (GC) or MVAC (methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, ...

Immunotherapy
Bladder Cancer

Adjuvant Nivolumab Improves Disease-Free Survival in High-Risk Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma

As reported inThe New England Journal of Medicine by Dean F. Bajorin, MD, of the Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and colleagues, an interim analysis of the phase III CheckMate 274 trial has shown improved disease-free survival with adjuvant nivolumab vs placebo...

Bladder Cancer

Sacituzumab Govitecan-hziy: Welcome Addition to Advanced Urothelial Cancer Treatments, but Time to Figure Out Sequencing and Combinations

The results of Cohort 1 of the phase II trial TROPHY-U-01 (IMMU-132-06; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03547973), published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Tagawa et al and reviewed in this issue of The ASCO Post, led to the recent accelerated U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)...

Bladder Cancer

Sacituzumab Govitecan-hziy in Urothelial Carcinoma Progressing After Platinum-Based Chemotherapy and Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy

In a cohort of the phase II TROPHY-U-01 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Scott T. Tagawa, MD, MS, of Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, and colleagues, found that the antibody-drug conjugate sacituzumab govitecan-hziy produced durable responses in patients with metastatic...

Bladder Cancer

EV-301 Trial: Enfortumab Vedotin-ejfv Improves Overall Survival vs Chemotherapy in Previously Treated Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma

As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Thomas Powles, MD, of Barts Cancer Centre, Queen Mary University of London, and colleagues, a prespecified interim analysis of the phase III EV-301 trial has shown improved overall survival with the antibody-drug conjugate enfortumab...

Bladder Cancer
Immunotherapy

Enfortumab Vedotin-ejfv Granted Regular Approval in Treatment of Locally Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Cancer

On July 9, 2021, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved enfortumab vedotin-ejfv (Padcev), a Nectin-4–directed antibody and microtubule inhibitor conjugate, for adults with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial cancer who have previously received a PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitor and...

Bladder Cancer

Study Finds Patients With Bladder Cancer and Ureteric Obstruction May Safely Receive Chemotherapy

A study published by Strother et al in BJU International found that patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer can safely receive cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy, even when their tumors are blocking their kidneys. The findings suggest that patients with the most serious type of this...

bladder cancer
immunotherapy

Peter H. O’Donnell, MD, on Urothelial Cancer: First-Line Pembrolizumab in Cisplatin-Ineligible Patients

Peter H. O’Donnell, MD, of The University of Chicago, discusses response and survival results from the phase II KEYNOTE-052 study, which showed that after up to 5 years of follow-up, pembrolizumab continued to elicit clinically meaningful, durable antitumor activity in cisplatin-ineligible patients with advanced urothelial cancer (Abstract 4508).

bladder cancer
immunotherapy

Matt D. Galsky, MD, on Bladder Cancer: Neoadjuvant Therapy With Gemcitabine, Cisplatin, and Nivolumab

Matt D. Galsky, MD, of the Tisch Cancer Institute at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, discusses results from a phase II trial designed to test gemcitabine and cisplatin plus nivolumab as neoadjuvant therapy in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer and to better predict benefit in those who opted out of cystectomy (Abstract 4503).

bladder cancer

Sumanta K. Pal, MD, on Urothelial Carcinoma: Comparing Cisplatin and Gemcitabine With or Without Berzosertib

Sumanta K. Pal, MD, of City of Hope, discusses results from a phase II study that sought to determine whether adding berzosertib, a selective ATR inhibitor, to the standard upfront chemotherapy regimen of cisplatin with gemcitabine may improve outcomes in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (Abstract 4507).

Bladder Cancer
Immunotherapy

KEYNOTE-361: First-Line Pembrolizumab With or Without Chemotherapy vs Chemotherapy Alone in Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma

As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Thomas Powles, MD, PhD, and colleagues, the phase III KEYNOTE-361 trial has shown no significant improvement in progression-free or overall survival with first-line pembrolizumab plus platinum-based chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone in patients with advanced...

Issues in Oncology
Bladder Cancer
Lung Cancer
Skin Cancer

Inclusion of Patients With Brain Metastases in Phase III Trials in Advanced Breast Cancer, Lung Cancer, and Melanoma

In a study reported in a research letter in JAMA Oncology, Corbett et al found that the majority of phase III trials investigating systemic therapy in patients with advanced lung cancer, breast cancer, and melanoma over the past 20 years have excluded or restricted enrollment of those with brain...

Bladder Cancer
Immunotherapy

CheckMate 274: Adjuvant Nivolumab in High-Risk Muscle-Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma

As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Dean F. Bajorin, MD, and colleagues, an interim analysis of the phase III CheckMate 274 trial has shown improved disease-free survival with adjuvant nivolumab vs placebo among all patients with high-risk muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma who...

Bladder Cancer
Immunotherapy

Choice of First-Line Platinum Chemotherapy Does Not Significantly Impact Efficacy of Second-Line Immunotherapy in Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma

In a presentation of real-world data given during the 2021 ASCO Annual Meeting, Miron et al concluded that the choice of first-line platinum chemotherapy did not result in a significant difference in overall survival benefit among patients with advanced bladder cancer who were able to go on to...

Bladder Cancer
Immunotherapy

Pembrolizumab in BCG-Unresponsive High-Risk Non–Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: KEYNOTE-057

As reported in The Lancet Oncology by Arjun V. Balar, MD, and colleagues, the phase II KEYNOTE-057 trial showed that pembrolizumab produced enduring responses in a cohort of patients with high-risk non–muscle invasive bladder cancer unresponsive to bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) who were ineligible ...

Bladder Cancer
Immunotherapy

Does the Addition of Bevacizumab to Gemcitabine/Cisplatin for Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma Improve Survival?

As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Jonathan E. Rosenberg, MD, and colleagues, the phase III CALGB 90601/Alliance trial has shown no improvement in overall survival with the addition of bevacizumab to gemcitabine/cisplatin in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma.  Study...

Issues in Oncology
Immunotherapy
Breast Cancer
Bladder Cancer
Gastrointestinal Cancer
Hepatobiliary Cancer

FDA ODAC Meeting Focuses on ‘Dangling’ Accelerated Approvals of Anti–PD-1/PD-L1 Antibodies

In a perspective in The New England Journal of Medicine, Julia A. Beaver, MD, and Richard Pazdur, MD, of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Oncology Center of Excellence (OCE), discussed issues surrounding “dangling” accelerated approvals of anti–PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies—ie, approvals for...

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