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Showing 6001 - 6050Nanoparticle Therapy That Uses LDL and Fish Oil Kills Liver Cancer Cells
An experimental nanoparticle therapy that combines low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and fish oil preferentially kills primary liver cancer cells without harming healthy cells, UT Southwestern Medical Center researchers report. The study was published by Wen et al in Gastroenterology. “This...
Reduction in Late Mortality in Childhood Cancer Survivors in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study Cohort
In a study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Armstrong et al found that late mortality decreased over time among 5-year survivors of childhood cancer in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study cohort. The reduction is consistent with efforts during recent decades to modify treatment with ...
Alectinib in ALK-Positive Metastatic NSCLC After Crizotinib
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs. On December 11, 2015, alectinib (Alecensa) was granted...
ASCO Praises President for White House’s Support of ‘Moonshot’ Initiative
On January 28, 2016, ASCO released the following statement by ASCO President Julie M. Vose, MD, MBA, FASCO: ASCO applauds President Obama for aligning the Administration’s full support behind Vice President Biden’s “moonshot” initiative to accelerate the discovery of new cancer treatments, as...
No Benefit of Adding Adjuvant and Maintenance Lapatinib to Chemoradiation in High-Risk Patients With Resected Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck
In a phase III trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Harrington et al found that the addition of concurrent adjuvant lapatinib (Tykerb) to chemoradiation therapy and the use of maintenance lapatinib did not improve disease-free or overall survival in high-risk patients with resected...
Removal of Complex Renal Tumors Performed Safely by Robotic Surgery in Selected Patients
Renal cell carcinoma can sometimes spread to the inferior vena cava, posing a threat to the heart and brain. Robotic nephrectomy for inferior vena cava tumor thrombus has favorable outcomes in selected patients compared with open surgery, which can have a high rate of complications, reported Abaza...
A Brain Tumor Diagnosis Has Taken My Life in New Directions
The first sign that I could have a life-threatening illness was a bout of severe dizziness, which sent me first to a general practitioner for a physical examination and then to an ear specialist for more tests. At just 24 and in excellent health, the sudden onset of dizziness didn’t initially set...
Misconstrued Review
I’ve been a member of ASCO for longer than I can remember. I read most breast cancer–related articles in The ASCO Post and find them helpful, particularly the reports of as-yet-unpublished papers from meetings. So, it is with great disappointment that, in the November 10, 2015, issue, I read a...
Expanded Approval of Pembrolizumab in Unresectable or Metastatic Melanoma
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs. On December 18, 2015, approval of the programmed cell death...
A Famous French Oncologist’s Gastronomic Advice for Reducing Cancer Risk
BookmarkTitle: The Anti-cancer Diet: Reduce Cancer Risk Through the Foods You EatAuthors: David Khayat, MDPublisher: W.W. Norton & CompanyPublication date: April 2015Price: $26.95; hardcover, 288 pages In 2002, David Khayat, MD, was in Turkey on holiday with friends when he received a call...
Looking at the Real-World Effects of Genetic Testing
According to the most recent estimates, 55% to 65% of women who inherit the BRCA1 mutation and about 45% of women who inherit the BRCA2 mutation will develop breast cancer by the time they are 70 years old. There is also a substantial increase in the probability of developing ovarian cancers in...
Defibrotide Under Review for Transplant-Related Complication
A potentially fatal complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation may be reversed with the use of a novel drug currently under priority review at the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Hepatic veno-occlusive disease/sinusoidal obstruction syndrome is usually a serious complication...
Increased Survival and Toxicity With Docetaxel, No Apparent Benefit of Zoledronic Acid in Prostate Cancer
As reported in The Lancet by James et al, results of the STAMPEDE trial, which used a multiarm, multistage seamless phase II/III design, showed increased survival and toxicity with docetaxel and little benefit of zoledronic acid when added to first-line long-term hormone therapy in patients with...
Bone Loss Associated With Leukemia Therapy Occurs Sooner Than Previously Thought
Investigators at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles (CHLA) have found that significant bone loss occurs during the first month of chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), which is far earlier than previously assumed. Results of the study were published by Orgel et al in the...
Comparing Recurrence Risk With Anastrozole vs Tamoxifen in Postmenopausal Women With Ductal Carcinoma in Situ
Two recently reported phase III trials compared adjuvant anastrozole vs tamoxifen in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor–positive ductal carcinoma in situ. As reported in The Lancet by Margolese et al,1 the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) B-35 trial, performed in...
Synthetic 2D Mammography May Hold Advantages Over 2D/3D Mammography
In screening for breast cancer, results from a study in the United Kingdom suggest that the use of “synthetic” two-dimensional (2D) mammography, rather than 2D/three-dimensional (3D) combinations, could save radiologists’ time and patients’ exposure to radiation as well as result in many fewer...
Expert Point of View: Sumanta K. Pal, MD
Commenting on both the CheckMate 025 and METEOR studies, Sumanta K. Pal, MD, Co-Director of the Kidney Cancer Program at City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California, said, “Cabozantinib (Cometriq) will probably be approved for advanced renal cell carcinoma. There is debate about...
Expert Point of View: William Y. Kim, MD
Formal discussant of this trial William Y. Kim, MD, of the University of North Carolina’s Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, commented on the fact that the IMvigor study had a substantial number of patients compared with other phase II trials in bladder cancer. “This trial was not ...
Atezolizumab in Urothelial Cancer: Ushering in a New Standard of Care
Atezolizumab achieved excellent results in a cohort of patients with platinum-resistant urothelial cancer enrolled in a large phase II trial known as IMvigor 210.1 Overall response rates were greatly improved over those with historical controls, and responses were durable. Although expression of...
Expert Point of View: Christian K. Kollmannsberger, MD
Commenting on both of these studies, Christian K. Kollmannsberger, MD, of the British Columbia Cancer Center, Vancouver, Canada, said: “These studies suggest a more personalized approach to testicular cancer. Clearly, we need to do better than traditional risk factors used to guide therapy for...
Cancer Registries and the Evolving Role of Big Data in Cancer Care
In 1956, the American College of Surgeons encouraged the development of hospital-based registries, but for the most part, these efforts were clumsy, inaccessible card files of data. Today, advanced microcomputer technology has increased the ability to not only collect and cull cancer data but also...
'Doctor, We Prayed for You'
A 70-year-old female patient underwent a cardiac procedure to repair her mitral valve, and at the same time, she also underwent a coronary artery bypass grafting. She had an uneventful course for the first four postoperative days. On the sixth postoperative day, she started complaining of abdominal ...
Abnormal Fused Gene Is a Triple Threat in Driving Pediatric Brain Tumors
Oncology researchers have discovered that an abnormal fused gene that drives pediatric brain tumors poses a triple threat, operating simultaneously through three distinct biologic mechanisms—the first such example in cancer biology. The study was published by Bandopadhayay et al in Nature...
French Trial Shows Addition of First-Line Bevacizumab to Cisplatin/Pemetrexed Improves Survival in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
In the French phase III MAPS trial reported in The Lancet, Zalcman et al found that the addition of bevacizumab (Avastin) to standard cisplatin/pemetrexed (Alimta) treatment increased overall and progression-free survival in patients with newly diagnosed pleural mesothelioma. Vascular endothelial...
UK Study Finds No Association Between Self-Reported Unhappiness and Mortality Risk
As reported in The Lancet by Liu et al, a study in UK women that attempted to adjust for the effect of health and lifestyle factors found that self-reported unhappiness was not associated with an increased risk of mortality from cancer or other conditions. Study Details The study involved data...
USPSTF Recommendation Confirms Value of Screening Mammography
The recently updated U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation once again confirmed the value of screening mammography, concluding that the benefit of mammography outweighs the harms of screening in all age groups from age 40 through age 74. It emphasizes that both women and...
Keeping Up With How Drugs Work
I love reading The ASCO Post, but I have a suggestion. For your reports on drug development, how about making it a policy to note the class or type of any new agent being discussed—ie, a brief description of the drug’s mechanism of action? For example, a recent issue included a nice article...
Same Study, Different Interpretations
An article in The New York Times1 about an ovarian cancer screening study published in The Lancet2 is headlined, “Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer May Become Possible,” and leads with the promise of reduced mortality with multimodal screening for ovarian cancer. An article in MedPage Today3 about...
Saving Children Orphaned by AIDS in South Africa
Bookmark Title: Empty Hands, A Memoir: One Woman’s Journey to Save Children Orphaned by AIDS in South Africa Author: Sister Abegail Ntleko Publisher: North Atlantic Books Publication date: September 1, 2015 Price: $12.95; paperback, 176 pages With the development of the multidrug highly active...
Ibrutinib in Relapsed Mantle Cell Lymphoma
Treatment of mantle cell lymphoma continues to evolve, both in the front-line and relapsed settings. Key advances include better use of established agents, such as the incorporation of high-dose cytarabine into initial induction regimens and application of rituximab (Rituxan)...
Phase III Trial Shows Improved Progression-Free Survival With Ibrutinib vs Temsirolimus in Relapsed/Refractory Mantle Cell Lymphoma
In aphase III trial reported in The Lancet and at the recent American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting and Exposition, Martin Dreyling, MD, of the European Mantle Cell Lymphoma Network, and colleagues found that ibrutinib (Imbruvica) was associated with improved progression-free survival vs...
Lenalidomide Plus Rituximab Highly Active in Initial Treatment of Mantle Cell Lymphoma
In a phase II trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine by Jia Ruan, MD, PhD, and colleagues, first-line treatment with the immunomodulatory agent lenalidomide (Revlimid) and the anti-CD20 antibody rituximab (Rituxan) followed by maintenance lenalidomide and rituximab produced a high...
The New Frontiers of Breast Cancer
A seismic shift is underway in screening and treatment approaches for breast cancer. These changes are being fueled by studies showing that mammography in younger women may do more harm than good and that advances in genomic testing and a better understanding of the biology of breast cancers may...
Global and North American Phase II Studies Show Alectinib Is Highly Active in Crizotinib-Resistant/Refractory ALK-Rearranged NSCLC
In two phase II trials, reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology and The Lancet Oncology, the ALK inhibitor alectinib (Alecensa), which is active against acquired crizotinib resistance mutations and exhibits high central nervous system (CNS) penetration, was associated with considerable...
Deconditioning in Older Adults With Cancer: A Cascade to Dependency
It is estimated that nearly half of adults over age 80 living in the community are frail despite apparent functional well-being.1 Frailty is recognized as a clinical syndrome in which three or more of the following criteria are present: unintentional weight loss, self-reported exhaustion, weakness, ...
Uridine Triacetate Granules for Fluorouracil or Capecitabine Overdose or Early Severe Toxicity
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs. On December 11, 2015, uridine triacetate (Vistogard) was approved...
Surgical Margin Width Not Related to Breast Cancer Recurrence
The width of the surgical margin doesn’t matter, as long as the margin is negative, according to a large study of breast-conserving surgery in patients with invasive breast cancer. The risk of ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence was similar for wide negative margins (2–4 mm) or narrow negative...
Elotuzumab in Previously Treated Multiple Myeloma
In the Clinic provides overviews of novel oncology agents, addressing indications, mechanisms, administration recommendations, safety profiles, and other essential information needed for the appropriate clinical use of these drugs. On November 30, 2015, elotuzumab (Empliciti) was approved for...
Study Suggests Luminal A Breast Cancer Patients May Not Need Chemotherapy
The ability to classify breast cancer according to biologic subtype has enabled researchers to dig deeper and determine which therapies benefit specific subgroups. Encouraging evidence from an analysis of a Danish trial presented at the 2015 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium suggests that...
Expert Point of View: Paul Bunn, Jr, MD
Although the results for E1505 were negative, “overall survival and disease-free survival are not the only things we can learn from this trial,” said Paul Bunn, Jr, MD, Distinguished Professor in the Division of Medical Oncology at the University of Colorado, Denver, who formally discussed the...
The 340B Drug Pricing Program: Background, Concerns, and Solutions
The 340B Drug Pricing Program was created by Congress through the Veterans Health Care Act of 1992 to allow some health-care entities—including safety-net providers with large shares of uninsured and low-income patients and other “covered entities”—to obtain drugs at discounted prices.1,2 Congress...
Study Finds Alectinib Highly Active in ALK-Positive, Crizotinib-Resistant NSCLC
In a North American phase II trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Shaw et al found that alectinib (Alecensa), which is active against acquired crizotinib (Xalkori) resistance mutations and exhibits high central nervous system (CNS) penetration, was associated with considerable activity in...
One in Seven Colorectal Cancer Patients Diagnosed Before Recommended Screening Age
Nearly 15% of patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer were younger than 50, the age at which screening recommendations begin. The study by researchers at the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center also found that younger patients were more likely to have advanced disease. The authors ...
STS 2016: Body Mass Index Linked With Complications After Lung Cancer Surgery
Body mass index affects outcomes following lung resection for lung cancer. Patients with very high or very low body mass index measurements have the highest risks for complications, according to a scientific presentation at the 52nd Annual Meeting of The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. The abstract...
FDA Approves Carfilzomib as Single Agent or in Combination in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Amgen announced on January 21 that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the supplemental New Drug Application of carfilzomib (Kyprolis) for injection in combination with dexamethasone or with lenalidomide (Revlimid) plus dexamethasone for the treatment of patients with relapsed or...
American College of Physicians Issues Advice for Evaluating Hematuria as a Marker of Urinary Tract Cancer
Although little controversy exists regarding the indication for urologic evaluation for patients with gross hematuria, the evaluation of patients with the much more common finding of microscopic hematuria is complicated by a lack of clarity regarding indications for clinical referral, according to...
Study Finds Adjuvant Anastrozole Reduces Recurrence Risk vs Tamoxifen in Postmenopausal Women With Ductal Carcinoma in Situ
In a phase III trial (National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project [NSABP] B-35) reported in The Lancet, Margolese et al found that adjuvant anastrozole significantly improved the breast cancer–free interval vs tamoxifen in postmenopausal women with hormone receptor–positive...
No Association Seen Between New or Worsening Aromatase Inhibitor–Related Musculoskeletal or Vasomotor Symptoms and Relapse-Free Survival
Retrospective analyses of the ATAC, TEAM, and BIG 1-98 adjuvant endocrine therapy trials in breast cancer have suggested that treatment-emergent endocrine symptoms may be associated with superior survival outcomes. However, in a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Stearns et al...
Higher Risk of Radiation-Induced Breast Cancer Found in Women Screened More Frequently and in Women With Larger Breasts
Radiation-induced breast cancer risk from digital mammography is low for the majority of women, but the risk is higher in women with large breasts, who received 2.3 times more radiation and required more views per examination to image as much of the breast as possible compared to those with small...
High Risk on Breast Cancer Risk Prediction Tools Associated With More Favorable Disease Characteristics
In a Swedish study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Holm et al found that high risk on the Tyrer–Cuzick predicted 10-year breast cancer risk score (TCRS) and a 77-single nucleotide polymorphism polygenic risk score (PRS) tended to be associated with favorable prognostic features...
