Search Results
Your search for ,HIS matches 4536 pages
Showing 4401 - 4450Key Genetic Factor in Cell Proliferation in Moles Identified
Scientists have known for years that a mutation in the BRAF gene makes moles start to grow but until now have not understood why they sometimes do not become cancerous. Researchers from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania have identified a major genetic factor that...
Packaging Paclitaxel in Nanoparticles May Increase Drug Efficacy in Preclinical Models
Duke University researchers found that packaging the widely used cancer drug paclitaxel into nanoparticles more than doubled the drug’s effectiveness in destroying tumors in preclinical models. Their findings were published by Bhattacharyya et al in Nature Communications. Paclitaxel has been ...
Long Telomere Length Associated With Increased Lung Cancer Risk
A large-scale genetic study of the links between telomere length and risk for five common cancers found that long telomeres are associated with an increased risk of lung adenocarcinoma. No significant associations between telomere length and other cancer types or subtypes were observed. The study,...
New Research Uncovers Key Molecule in Ovarian Cancer
Scientists at Lawson Health Research Institute have uncovered an important new target for ovarian cancer therapy. Contrary to current research, this new study found that LKB1, a molecule that regulates the metabolism of many adult cells, is important in the cancer's promotion and survival. These...
Aggressive Cancer Treatment Near End of Life Persists, Despite Rise in Advance Planning Efforts
In a review of nearly 2,000 surveys with people whose loved ones died of cancer, researchers led by Johns Hopkins School of Medicine experts said they found a 40% increase over a 12-year period in the number of patients with cancer who participated in one form of advance care...
Treatment With PI3K Inhibitors May Cause Cancers to Become More Aggressive and Metastatic
The enzyme phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) appears to be exploited in almost every type of human cancer, making it the focus of considerable interest as a therapeutic target, with many PI3K-inhibiting drugs currently in various stages of clinical development. However, PI3K inhibitors have only ...
DNA Shed From Head and Neck Tumors Detected in Blood and Saliva
On the hunt for better cancer screening tests, Johns Hopkins scientists led a proof-of-principle study that successfully identified tumor DNA shed in the blood and saliva of 93 patients with head and neck cancer. A report on the findings was published by Wang et al in Science Translational...
New Biomarkers Might Help Personalize Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Treatment
Metastatic colorectal cancer patients have improved survival rates when they respond to the first line of chemotherapy their doctors recommend. To better predict how patients will respond to chemotherapeutic agents before they begin treatment, researchers at University of California (UC) San Diego...
ASCO 2015: ASCO Announces First-Ever Clinical Trial
ASCO announced its first-ever clinical trial, which will offer patients with advanced cancer access to molecularly targeted cancer drugs and collect “real-world” data on clinical outcomes, to help learn the best uses of these drugs outside of indications approved by the U.S. Food and...
Study Links Paternal Age to Child’s Risk of Developing Blood and Immune System Cancer in Adulthood
A new study links a father's age at birth to the risk that his child will develop blood and immune system cancers as an adult, particularly for only children. The study, published by Teras et al in the American Journal of Epidemiology, found no association between having an older mother and these...
Family History of Breast Cancer Doesn't Mean a Poor Prognosis for Women Who Develop the Disease
A new study finds that women who are diagnosed with breast cancer and have a family history of the disease face no worse a prognosis after treatment than other women with breast cancer. The study, which was published by Eccles et al in the British Journal of Surgery, offers a positive message for...
Study Finds Noninvasive Colon Cancer Screening May Be Promising for African Americans
In a first-of-its-kind clinical trial, physician-scientists at University Hospitals (UH) Case Medical Center, Seidman Cancer Center, and Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine found that a new, noninvasive technology for colon cancer screening is a promising alternative to colonoscopy...
Two-Week International Diet Swap Shows Potential Effects of Food on Colon Cancer Risk
African Americans and Africans who swapped their typical diets for just 2 weeks similarly exchanged their respective risks of colon cancer, as reflected by alterations of their gut bacteria, according to an international study led by researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of...
Eligible for Breast-Conserving Therapy, Many Still Choose Mastectomy
No approved targeted therapies exist to treat triple-negative breast cancer, but new chemotherapeutic treatment strategies are helping shrink tumors so that less breast tissue needs to be removed during surgery. New research led by Brigham and Women's Hospital finds that breast-conserving therapy...
AACR 2015: New PARP Inhibitor Combination Shows Early Promise for a Wide Range of Cancer Patients
A combination of two molecularly targeted drugs, olaparib (Lynparza) and the investigational agent AZD5363, was safe and yielded responses in patients with a variety of cancer types, including breast, ovarian, and prostate cancers, regardless of BRCA1/2-mutation status, according to data from the...
AACR 2015: Pembrolizumab Is Better Than Ipilimumab for Advanced Melanoma in Phase III Trial
In the first randomized trial to compare two U.S. Food and Drug Administration–approved immune checkpoint inhibitors as first-line therapy for patients with advanced melanoma, pembrolizumab (Keytruda) yielded significantly better treatment outcomes than ipilimumab (Yervoy) for all endpoints...
AACR 2015: New T Cell–Based Immunotherapy Shows Promise for Lethal Stem Cell Transplant Complication
More than 60% of patients with Epstein-Barr virus–associated lymphoproliferative disorder (EBV-LPD) that was nonresponsive to standard rituximab (Rituxan) treatment responded to a new type of immunotherapy called Epstein-Barr virus–specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (EBV-CTL) therapy....
Identifying Processes That Lead to Discontinuation of Chemotherapy for Patients With NSCLC at End of Life
According to a recent study by Perl et al published in the Journal of Oncology Practice, the administration of chemotherapy near death is recognized by patients, their families, and oncologists as “aggressive and poor-quality care.” Despite this, rates of end-of-life chemotherapy have...
Long-Term Study Shows Stress Management Techniques Improve Mood and Quality of Life for Breast Cancer Patients
A new study showed that providing women with skills to manage stress early in their breast cancer treatment can improve their mood and quality of life many years later. Published by Stagl et al in Cancer, the findings suggest that women given the opportunity to learn stress management techniques...
Asian Americans Have Better Cancer-Specific Mortality Than Non-Hispanic Whites
Numerous studies have documented racial differences in deaths from cancer among non-Hispanic whites and African Americans, but little has been known about survival outcomes for Asian Americans who have been diagnosed with cancer. In a new study published in the Journal of the National Cancer...
Overweight Girls Face Increased Risk of Colorectal Cancer Later in Life
Girls who are overweight as young children and teens may face an increased risk for colorectal cancer decades later, regardless of what they weigh as adults, suggests a new study published by Zhang et al in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. “Our study supports the growing...
Experts Explore the Reasons Behind the High Cost of Cancer Drugs in America
Increasingly high prices for cancer drugs are affecting patient care, as well as the health-care system overall, in the United States. These findings were published in a special article by Rajkumar and Kantarjian in the journal Mayo Clinic Proceedings. “Americans with cancer pay 50% to 100%...
Preliminary Study Reveals Gene Regulatory Path as Target for Aggressive Pediatric Brain Cancer
Working with cells taken from children with a very rare but aggressive form of brain cancer, Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center scientists have identified a genetic pathway that acts as a master regulator of thousands of genes, and may spur cancer cell growth and resistance to anticancer treatment. ...
Study Finds U.S. Spends More on Cancer Care but Saves Fewer Lives Than Western Europe
Despite sharp increases in spending on cancer treatment, cancer mortality rates in the United States have decreased only modestly since 1970. Researchers led by Samir Soneji, PhD, of Dartmouth's Norris Cotton Cancer Center and The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy & Clinical Practice...
Clinical Trial Suggests Temozolomide-Based Chemoradiation Is Best for Low-Grade Brain Tumors
New clinical trial findings provide further evidence that combining chemotherapy with radiation therapy is the best treatment for people with a low-grade form of brain cancer. The findings come from a phase II study co-led by a researcher at Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer...
Preclinical Study Shows Promise for the Development of Personalized Cellular Therapy for Brain Cancer
Immune cells engineered to seek out and attack a type of deadly brain cancer were found to be safe and effective at controlling tumor growth in mice that were treated with these modified cells, according a team from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania and the Novartis...
Harold Varmus, MD, Stepping Down as Director of the National Cancer Institute
Harold Varmus, MD, who has led the National Cancer Institute (NCI) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) for nearly 5 years, has announced that he will step down from his post, effective March 31, 2015. Dr. Varmus will be joining Weill Cornell Medical College's faculty as the Lewis Thomas...
Evidence of Recurrence-Free, Disease-Free, and Overall Survival Benefit of Aspirin and COX-2 Inhibitors in Stage III Colon Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Ng et al found consistent trends suggesting benefit of aspirin use and COX-2 inhibitor use on recurrence-free, disease-free, and overall survival in patients with stage III colon cancer. Study Details This prospective...
Testosterone Therapy May Help Some Men With Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
According to researchers at the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center, testosterone, which is generally thought to be a feeder of prostate cancer, has been found to suppress some advanced prostate cancers. The hormone may also reverse resistance to testosterone-blocking drugs used to treat prostate...
American Psychosocial Oncology Society Issues Call for 2015 Award Nominations
The American Pyschosocial Oncology Society (APOS) announced today that it is accepting nominations for its 2015 awards. The deadline for submitting nominations is December 31, 2014. These awards will be presented at the World Congress of Psycho-Oncology, to be held July 30 to August 1, 2015. For...
ASH 2014: HIV-Related Lymphoma Can Be Safely Treated With Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplant
Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related relapsed/refractory lymphoma can safely undergo autologous hematopoietic cell transplant, according to results of a phase II multicenter trial. At many centers, patients with HIV-related lymphoma are currently excluded from this potentially...
‘Wound Response’ of Cancer Stem Cells May Explain Chemoresistance in Bladder Cancer
A novel mechanism—similar to how normal tissue stem cells respond to wounding—might explain why bladder cancer stem cells actively contribute to chemoresistance after multiple cycles of chemotherapy drug treatment. Targeting this “wound response” of cancer stem cells can...
RSNA Awards Gold Medal to Three Leaders in Radiology
The Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) awarded the Gold Medal, the organization’s highest honor, to three individuals at the RSNA 100th Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting: Gary J. Becker, MD, of Tucson; Allen S. Lichter, MD, FASCO, of Alexandria, Virginia; and Etta D. Pisano,...
Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery Technique for Pneumonectomy Shown to Be Safe
In the largest series of its kind to date, researchers at Roswell Park Cancer Institute (RPCI) have shown that performing thoracoscopic pneumonectomy, removal of the entire lung through a minimally invasive endoscopic approach, at a high-volume center appears to be safe and may provide pain and...
ASCO Issues Clinical Expert Statement on Cancer Survivorship Care Planning
Efforts at implementing survivorship care plans have met with limited success in oncology practice, in part due to the time required to complete survivorship care plans, lack of role clarity, and lack of reimbursement for time to complete the documents. In response, ASCO convened a Survivorship...
Study Identifies Groups at Risk for Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
Researchers at the University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine have, for the first time, clearly defined the epidemiology of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), which occur primarily in the lining of the stomach and small intestine. Of note was the discovery that patients of Asian...
Robert S. Miller, MD, FACP, FASCO, Joins ASCO as Medical Director for Society's Institute for Quality
Robert S. Miller, MD, FACP, FASCO, Assistant Professor of Oncology and Oncology Medical Information Officer at the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, has been named Medical Director of the Institute for Quality (iQ) of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO). ...
Patients With Peritoneal Hepatocellular Carcinoma May Benefit From Cytoreductive Surgery With or Without Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy
Cytoreductive surgery with or without hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy extended survival over systemic therapy alone in well-selected candidates with peritoneal hepatocellular carcinoma, according to the results of a small retrospective trial reported by Tabrizian et al in the Journal of...
RNA Sequencing Could Help Doctors Tailor Unique Prostate Cancer Treatment Programs
Sequencing RNA, not just DNA, could help doctors predict how prostate cancer tumors will respond to treatment, according to research published in the journal Genome Biology. Because a tumor’s RNA shows the real-time changes a treatment is causing, the authors believe that this could be a...
Jesse L. Steinfeld, MD, Past Surgeon General, ASCO President, and Valiant Foe of Big Tobacco, Dies at 87
The 1964 Surgeon General’s Report on Smoking and Health started a culture change in the way Americans viewed tobacco and their health, and has saved countless million of lives. But the 1964 Report remained scientifically ambiguous on certain vital issues, such as the effect smoking had on the ...
Researchers Identify Priority Targets for Immunotherapy in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Researchers at Roswell Park Cancer Institute (RPCI) have found that the expression pattern of a unique class of tumor-associated antigens, known as the MAGE cancer-testis antigens (CTAs), correlates with clinical outcome in epithelial ovarian cancer. Based on their findings, the researchers have...
Scientists Pinpoint Gene Likely to Promote Childhood Cancers
Researchers at the Children’s Medical Center Research Institute at UT Southwestern (CRI) have identified a gene that contributes to the development of several childhood cancers, in a study conducted in mouse models. If the findings prove to be applicable to humans, the research could...
Successful Vemurafenib Treatment of Progressive BRAF V600E–Mutated Anaplastic Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma
The BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib (Zelboraf) is approved for treatment of BRAF-mutated metastatic melanoma. There are reports indicating that vemurafenib may be active in the treatment of intracranial neoplasms with BRAF mutations. As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Lee et al from...
Renowned Pathologist Emmanuel Farber, MD, PhD, Dies
Cancer research lost a pioneer on August 3, 2014, with the passing of Emmanuel Farber, MD, PhD, a renowned pathologist who made fundamental contributions to our understanding of chemical carcinogenesis. Dr. Farber’s studies in experimental pathology demonstrated that chemical carcinogens are...
Blood and Saliva Tests Help Predict Recurrence of HPV-Related Oral Cancer
Physicians at Johns Hopkins have developed blood and saliva tests that help accurately predict recurrences of HPV-linked oral cancers in a substantial number of patients. The tests screen for DNA fragments of the human papillomavirus (HPV) shed from cancer cells lingering in the mouth or other...
Blocking Tumor-Derived Protein Halts Cachexia in Preclinical Study
New research raises the prospect of more effective treatments for cachexia, a profound wasting of fat and muscle occurring in about half of all cancer patients, raising their risk of death, according to scientists from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute. In a study reported in Nature, Spiegelman et al...
Variations in Key Gene Predict Prostate Cancer Patients’ Risk for Radiation-Induced Toxicity
Key genetic variants may affect how cancer patients respond to radiation treatments, according to a study recently published in Nature Genetics. The research team, which included researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, found that variations in the TANC1 gene are associated with...
Brain Tumor Invasion Along Blood Vessels May Lead to New Cancer Treatments, Preclinical Study Suggests
Invading glioblastoma cells may hijack cerebral blood vessels during early stages of disease progression and damage the brain’s protective barrier, preclinical study published in Nature Communications indicated. The finding by Watkins et al could ultimately lead to new ways to bring about the ...
Fox Chase Cancer Center Researchers Recommend Updating the Staging Criteria for Breast Cancers With Skin Involvement
Invasive breast cancers with skin involvement, regardless of size or lymph node involvement, are automatically classified as stage III locally advanced tumors, which suggests that they are a relatively serious form of cancer with poor survival. In a study published in the Journal of the American...
French Phase III Trial Shows No Benefit of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation in Stage I and II Esophageal Cancer
The effect of neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy in early-stage esophageal cancer is not clear. In the phase III FFCD 9901 trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Mariette et al found that neoadjuvant chemoradiation including fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin did not improve R0...
