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Showing 34501 - 34550Omitting Radiotherapy in Early PET-Negative Stage I/II Hodgkin Lymphoma Is Associated With Increased Risk of Early Relapse
The EORTC/LYSA/FIL Intergroup H10 trial assessed whether omitting involved-node radiotherapy would affect progression-free survival in patients with negative early positron-emission tomography (PET) scans after two cycles of ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine) compared with...
Erlotinib and Gefitinib Offer Similar Benefit in EGFR-Mutated Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
A retrospective study has shown that two targeted therapy drugs—erlotinib (Tarceva) and gefitinib (Iressa)—achieved similar outcomes among people with metastatic or recurrent non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring an EGFR mutation. These EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors have...
Phase III Study: Crizotinib Prolongs Progression-Free Survival in Previously Untreated ALK-Positive Advanced NSCLC
In the phase III PROFILE 1014 study, the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitor crizotinib (Xalkori) was found to significantly prolong progression-free survival in previously untreated patients with ALK-positive advanced nonsquamous non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) compared with...
Locoregional Progression of Cervical Cancer Follows Reverse Ontogenetic Sequence
In a study reported in The Lancet Oncology, Höckel et al demonstrated that locoregional progression of cervical cancer follows the reverse sequence of establishment of adult tissues in ontogeny. Ontogenetic staging was a better predictor of survival than pathologic staging. Previous work by...
Phase II Study Suggests Benefit of Adding Rituximab to Chlorambucil in First-Line Treatment for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
In a UK phase II study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Hillmen et al assessed the safety and activity of adding rituximab (Rituxan) to chlorambucil (Leukeran) in first-line treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Such a regimen may be an alternative to fludarabine-based...
PARP Inhibitor Veliparib Might Benefit Women With Resistant Gynecologic Cancers and BRCA Mutation
Preliminary research suggests that a targeted oral agent may improve outcomes while minimizing side effects in women with gynecologic cancers who carry a BRCA mutation and whose disease is not responding to other therapies. According to a phase II study presented at the Society of Gynecologic...
Lymphedema Lingers Long After Sentinel Lymph Node Dissection for Early Breast Cancer
Patients with early-stage breast cancer who underwent sentinel lymph node dissection experienced lymphedema more frequently than clinically suspected and with increasing incidence over time, according to a presentation at the 2014 Society of Surgical Oncology (SSO) Cancer Symposium in Phoenix...
Long-Term Use of Valproic Acid May Reduce the Risk of Head and Neck Cancer
The antiseizure medication and mood stabilizer valproic acid was associated with a significant reduction in head and neck cancer risk, according to a study recently published in Cancer. The large retrospective cohort study by Kang et al was conducted to evaluate the effects of the drug, a histone...
Long-Term Follow-up Shows Surgery Plus Radiation Offers Mixed Results in Soft-Tissue Sarcoma
Adjuvant radiation following surgery for soft-tissue sarcoma of the extremities did not lead to a survival benefit and seemed to be associated with some degree of long-term limb complications, according to a presentation at the 2014 Society of Surgical Oncology (SSO) Cancer Symposium in Phoenix...
Stool Multitarget DNA Test More Sensitive, But Less Specific Than Fecal Immunochemical Test for Colorectal Cancer Screening in Persons at Average Risk
In a study reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Imperiale et al found that a noninvasive, multitarget stool DNA test—including assays for KRAS mutations, aberrant NDRG4 and BMP3 methylation, β-actin, and hemoglobin—was significantly more sensitive but significantly less ...
Study Finds Oncologists Have Mixed Attitudes on the Use of Genomic Testing
While many cancer researchers believe that predictive somatic genomic testing holds the potential to usher in the era of precision medicine for patients with cancer, research by Gray et al suggests that not all physicians are eager to embrace the technology. The variation in attitudes was in part...
Risk Factors for Gastrointestinal Adverse Events Studied in Setting of First-Line Bevacizumab/Chemotherapy for Ovarian Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Burger et al assessed risk factors for gastrointestinal adverse events in women with advanced ovarian cancer receiving first-line bevacizumab (Avastin)/chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab maintenance or chemotherapy alone in the phase III...
Women With Gynecologic Cancers May Live Longer When Treated at High-Volume Medical Centers
Women with ovarian and other gynecologic cancers live significantly longer when they receive care at hospitals that treat a large number of patients with these conditions, according to research on more than 850,000 women. The findings, based on information from the nation’s largest cancer...
Women With BRCA1 Mutations May Still Be at Risk for Rare Types of Uterine Cancer After Preventive Salpingo-Oophrectomy
Women with BRCA1 mutations may have an increased risk for developing rare types of aggressive uterine cancer despite having their ovaries and fallopian tubes removed, suggest preliminary findings presented at the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer held ...
Bariatric Surgery May Lower Risk of Uterine Cancer
Women who had bariatric surgery to lose weight had a 70% lower risk of uterine cancer and an even lower risk if they kept the weight off, according to findings presented at the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer, held in Tampa, Florida, from March 22 to 25. ...
Audit of NHS Breast Cancer Screening Programme Reveals Significant Variations Between Hospitals in Treatment Outcomes for DCIS
Analysis of data from the UK NHS Breast Screening Programme has shown significant variations in the outcomes of treatment for women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) between UK hospitals. Dr. Jeremy Thomas, a consultant pathologist at the Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, told the 9th...
ASCO Issues Updated Recommendations for Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Early-Stage Breast Cancer
A review by ASCO’s Update Committee of new data from randomized clinical trials has led to a change in recommendations for the use of sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with early-stage breast cancer. The updated guideline will enable more women with early-stage breast cancer to avoid the ...
Harms Outweigh Benefits for Women Aged 70 and Over in National Breast Cancer Screening Programs
Extending national breast cancer screening programs to women over the age of 70 does not result in a decrease in the number of cancers detected at advanced stages, according to new research from The Netherlands. Instead, researchers told attendees at the 9th European Breast Cancer Conference that...
Investigational Cancer Vaccine Shows Renewed Potential in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Researchers at UC Davis have found that the investigational cancer vaccine tecemotide, when administered with the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin, boosted immune response and reduced the number of tumors in mice with lung cancer. The study also found that radiation treatments did not...
Obesity and Diabetes Have Adverse Effects on Outcomes Across Breast Tumor Types, Should Be Taken Into Account When Planning Treatment
Both obesity and diabetes have adverse effects on outcomes in breast cancer patients who receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy, according to research presented at the 9th European Breast Cancer Conference. Although a high body mass index (BMI) is known to have a negative impact on cancer development and ...
Socioeconomic Disparities in Mortality After Cancer Surgery Reflect Higher Failure-to-Rescue Rates in Hospitals Treating More Low-Income Patients
Although it has been found that lower socioeconomic status is associated with higher operative mortality, the factors explaining this disparity have not been clearly defined. In a study of major cancer surgery reported in JAMA Surgery, Reames et al found that hospitals with the highest proportion...
Preclinical Study Suggests Benefits of Increased Tumor Perfusion and Reduced Tumor Hypoxia With Exercise in Prostate Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, McCullough et al used an orthotopic rat model of prostate cancer to assess the effects of exercise on tumor hemodynamics and tissue hypoxia. Their findings of enhanced tumor perfusion and diminished tumor hypoxia suggest that...
Analysis of SWOG Trials Indicates No Survival Difference After 1 Year in Cancer Patients Treated In vs Out of Clinical Trials
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Unger et al evaluated whether cancer patients from SWOG clinical trials were similar to nontrial patients in baseline characteristics and survival. They found that, overall, trial participation in standard treatment arms did not...
Regular Physical Activity Reduces Breast Cancer Risk Irrespective of Age or Weight
Participating in athletic activities for more than an hour a day reduces the risk of breast cancer, and this applies to women of any age and any weight, regardless of geographic location, according to research presented at the 9th European Breast Cancer Conference in Glasgow. Compared with the...
Genetic Testing May Improve Selection of Women With Estrogen Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer for 10 vs 5 Years of Hormonal Therapy
Genetic analyses of results from 1,125 postmenopausal women being treated for estrogen-responsive breast cancer have shown that some of them are more likely than others to have a late recurrence of their cancer and might benefit from 10 years of hormone therapy rather than 5 years. Women who had...
Postmastectomy Radiotherapy Benefits Women With Breast Cancer That Has Spread to One to Three Lymph Nodes
Women whose breast cancer has spread to just a few lymph nodes under their arm are less likely to have their disease recur or to die from it if they have radiotherapy after mastectomy, according to new research presented today at the European Breast Cancer Conference in Glasgow and published in The ...
Swedish Study Shows Lower Prostate Cancer Mortality in High-Incidence Areas
In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Stattin et al found that rates of prostate cancer mortality, excess mortality in men with prostate cancer, and metastatic prostate cancer were lower in counties in Sweden with higher vs lower incidence of prostate cancer that...
Cutaneous Melanoma and Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Mutual Increased Risk
In a study reported in JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Oakley et al found that papillary thyroid cancer increases the risk of cutaneous malignant melanoma and vice versa. In addition, the investigators found that patients with both cancers have a high frequency of BRAF V600E mutation. ...
High Circulating Tumor Cell Count at Baseline and Increases in Count During Treatment Linked to Reduced Survival in Metastatic Breast Cancer
In a pooled analysis of individual patient data reported in The Lancet Oncology, Bidard et al found that baseline circulating tumor cell counts and increases in counts during treatment were highly prognostic in patients with metastatic breast cancer beginning new treatment and that addition of...
Health Gap Between Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer and Siblings Widens With Age
Adult survivors of childhood cancer face significant health problems as they age and are five times more likely than their siblings to develop new cancers, heart disease, and other serious health conditions beyond the age of 35, according to the latest findings from the Childhood Cancer Survivor...
Shortening of Leukocyte Telomeres Associated With Increased All-Cause and Breast Cancer–Specific Mortality in Breast Cancer Patients
Short telomeres are associated with increased risk of cancer, but data on telomere length and mortality in breast cancer survivors are inconsistent. In a study reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Duggan et al found that decreases in telomere length between baseline and 30...
No Difference in Bone Mineral Density Changes With Adjuvant Exemestane vs Anastrozole in Women With Early Breast Cancer
In a companion study (MA.27B) to the open-label phase III National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group (NCIC CTG) MA.27 trial in women with early breast cancer reported in The Lancet Oncology, Goss et al found that adjuvant aromatase inhibitor treatment with exemestane, a mildly...
American Association for Cancer Research Elects José Baselga, MD, PhD, as President-Elect 2014-2015
The members of the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) have elected José Baselga, MD, PhD, Physician-in-Chief at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York, as their President-Elect for 2014–2015. Dr. Baselga is an internationally recognized physician-scientist...
ASCO Urges Raising the Bar for Cancer Clinical Trials
The American Society of Clinical Oncology is calling on cancer researchers, clinical trial sponsors, and drug developers to employ clinical trial designs that aim to significantly extend the lives of people with cancer. In a Special Article published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Ellis...
No Mortality Benefit From Primary Androgen-Deprivation Therapy for Most Men With Early-Stage Prostate Cancer
A large retrospective cohort study by Potosky et al of 15,170 men with early-stage prostate cancer has found that patients who received androgen deprivation as their primary treatment instead of surgery or radiation did not live any longer than those who received no curative-intent treatment. Men...
NCCN Cancer Survivorship Guidelines Expanded to Address Two Common Conditions
The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) has expanded its Survivorship Guidelines to include a section on cancer-associated cognitive impairment, and to include chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy as a component of the Adult Cancer Pain section. The inaugural guidelines for...
Report Shows More Screening Has Led to a 30% Drop in Colon Cancer Rates
Findings from a report by Siegel et al of the American Cancer Society (ACS) show that the rate at which people are diagnosed with colorectal cancer in the United States has dropped by 30% in the last 10 years among people aged 50 years and older. The researchers say the decline in incidence is due...
Circulating Tumor Cell Count and Early Change in Count Are Prognostic for Survival in First-Line Docetaxel Treatment of Prostate Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Goldkorn et al assessed the prognostic value of circulating tumor cell counts in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer receiving standard first-line docetaxel plus prednisone with or without atrasentan in the SWOG S0421 trial. ...
No Overall Survival Benefit of First-Line Doxorubicin Plus Ifosfamide vs Doxorubicin Alone in Advanced Soft-Tissue Sarcoma
In the open-label, phase III EORTC 62012 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology, Judson et al found that doxorubicin plus ifosfamide was not associated with any overall survival advantage compared with doxorubicin alone in patients with advanced or metastatic soft-tissue sarcoma. Progression-free...
Surgical Resection Is Underutilized in Patients With Early-Stage Pancreatic Cancer, Study Finds
Despite the benefits of surgery for early-stage pancreatic cancer, it remains underutilized for patients with this deadly disease, according to a new national analysis of trends and outcomes. Physician-scientists at University Hospitals (UH) Case Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University...
NCCN Advocates for Universal Lynch Syndrome Screening in Newly Diagnosed Colorectal Cancer
The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) is recommending that newly diagnosed colorectal cancer patients be screened for Lynch syndrome, previously called hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. The NCCN’s proactive position should greatly help identify individuals and their...
Children With Cancer, Parents, and Providers Value Patient-Reported Outcomes Feedback
In a pilot trial (PediQUEST) reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Wolfe et al assessed the effects of use of the PediQUEST electronic patient-reported feedback survey on health-related quality of life in children with advanced cancer. Although few significant improvements were observed,...
Lab Study Finds Pancreatic Cancer Growth Is Slowed by Blocking the Hhat Enzyme
The overexpression of Hedgehog family proteins contributes to the development of many cancers. Research by Konitsiotis et al has found that blocking the function of the Hedgehog acyltransferase (Hhat) enzyme slows the growth and spread of pancreatic cancer. Targeting inhibition of the Hedgehog...
Stereotactic Body Radiation Costs Less but Is Associated With More Genitourinary Toxicity vs Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer
In a retrospective Medicare-based study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Yu et al found that although stereotactic body radiation therapy is associated with lower treatment costs than intensity-modulated radiation therapy in treatment of prostate cancer, it is also associated with...
FDA Advisory Committee Unanimously Recommends HPV Test as Primary Screening Tool for Detection of Women at High Risk for Cervical Cancer
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Microbiology Devices Panel of the Medical Devices Advisory Committee has recommended unanimously that the benefits of the cobas human papillomavirus (HPV) test outweigh the risks as a first-line primary screening tool to assess the risk of cervical cancer ...
Only Small Number of Genetic Markers Show Association With Capecitabine Toxicity in Colorectal Cancer
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Rosmarin et al assessed the association of reported fluorouracil (5-FU) toxicity genetic markers with occurrence of capecitabine toxicity of grade ≥ 3 in the QUASAR2 trial in colorectal cancer and with occurrence of capecitabine and 5-FU...
Satisfaction With Work-Life Balance Among U.S. Oncologists Lower Than Other Medical Specialties, Survey Says
The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) conducted a survey of U.S. oncologists between October 2012 and March 2013, evaluating satisfaction with work-life balance and career plans. The findings, reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Shanafelt et al, indicate that most are...
Patient With Bladder Cancer Shows Exceptional Response to Everolimus/Pazopanib Combination
A phase I study by Wagle et al of a combination of everolimus and pazopanib in patients with advanced solid tumors has identified a patient with bladder cancer who had a 14-month complete response. The patient had two concurrent mutations in mTOR, the target of everolimus (Afinitor), which may have ...
Antibody Could Be Used to Target Tumor-Enhancing Protein, Study Shows
In a phase I study published in PLOS ONE, treating patients with advanced melanoma and kidney cancer with an antibody that targets a tumor-enhancing protein was found to have an acceptable safety profile and showed preliminary evidence of antitumor activity. The findings by Morris et al shed light...
Rituximab Maintenance Delays Need for Subsequent Treatment vs Watchful Waiting in Asymptomatic Nonbulky Follicular Lymphoma
In an open-label phase III trial reported by Ardeshna et al in The Lancet Oncology, rituximab (Rituxan) induction plus maintenance was found to delay the need for subsequent therapy and improve elements of quality of life vs watchful waiting in patients with advanced asymptomatic nonbulky...
