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Showing 30001 - 30050Pembrolizumab Cutaneous Adverse Events May Predict Better Response
In a single-center retrospective review reported in JAMA Dermatology, Sanlorenzo et al found that cutaneous adverse events in patients receiving the anti–PD-1 agent pembrolizumab (Keytruda), currently approved for treatment of melanoma, may indicate better treatment response. Study Details...
Adjuvant Taxane-Based Chemotherapy Is Not Associated With Increased Risk of Lymphedema, Study Finds
In women with breast cancer, taxane-based chemotherapy—docetaxel and paclitaxel—did not appear to increase the incidence of lymphedema, according to a study by Swaroop et al in Breast Cancer Research and Treatment. However, the investigators did note that adjuvant chemotherapy with...
Analysis Indicates That Tubal Ligation Is Associated With Lower Endometrial Cancer Stage at Diagnosis and Improved Survival
In an analysis from the NRG Oncology/Gynecologic Oncology Group 210 trial reported in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Felix et al found that tubal ligation, which should impede transtubal passage of cells, was associated with lower stage of endometrial cancer at presentation and...
Complete Resection of High-Grade Gliomas Yields Better Survival in Children, Especially Girls
For children with aggressive brain cancers called high-grade gliomas, the chances of survival are improved when surgery is successful in eliminating all visible cancer, according to a report published by McCrea et al in Neurosurgery. In addition to showing better survival with gross total...
Persistent HPV16 DNA in Post-Treatment Oral Rinse Associated With Poor Prognosis in HPV-Related Oropharyngeal Carcinoma
In a prospective cohort study reported in JAMA Oncology, Rettig et al found that persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 DNA in post-treatment oral rinses was associated with a poorer prognosis in patients with HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer. The study included 124 patients treated with...
Similar Survival With Salvage Surgery After Definitive Chemoradiotherapy vs Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Followed by Esophagectomy in Esophageal Cancer
In a retrospective European study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Markar et al found that salvage esophagectomy after definitive chemoradiotherapy was associated with similar survival outcomes vs neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by planned esophagectomy in treatment of...
Organ Transplant Recipients May Be More Likely to Develop Aggressive Melanoma
Organ transplant recipients are twice as likely to develop melanoma as people who do not undergo a transplant and three times more likely to die of the skin cancer, suggested new research by a multi-institutional team. The findings, reported by Robbins et al in the Journal of Investigative...
Study Finds Music Therapy Lowers Anxiety During Surgical Breast Biopsies
A first-of-its-kind study published by Bradley Palmer et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology found that music therapy lessened anxiety for women undergoing surgical breast biopsies for cancer diagnosis and treatment. The 2-year study, conducted at University Hospitals (UH) Seidman Cancer Center, ...
FDA Grants Regular Approval to Brentuximab Vedotin as Post-Transplant Consolidation Therapy for High-Risk Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris) as post–autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation consolidation treatment for patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma at high risk of relapse or progression, Seattle Genetics has announced. The...
Long-Term Results of Dutch CROSS Trial Indicate Continued Survival Benefit With Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Esophageal Cancer
Initial results of the Dutch phase III CROSS trial showed a significant 5-year overall survival benefit with the addition of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy to surgery after a median 45-month follow-up in patients with squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma of the esophagus or esophagogastric...
Study Identifies Gene Mutations Associated With Aggressive Multiple Myeloma
Using whole-exome sequencing on newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma, British researchers identified 15 genes that were significantly mutated in a subset of patients and mapped how these mutations related to long-term survival. They found 90% of patients with very aggressive disease who...
Hypofractionation of Breast Radiotherapy Associated With Reduced Acute Toxicity
In an analysis reported in JAMA Oncology, Jagsi et al found that hypofractionation of whole-breast radiotherapy was associated with reduced acute toxicity compared with conventional fractionation. Study Details The study involved data on physician-assessed toxic effects and patient-reported...
Study Reveals Effects of Chemoradiation in Brains of Glioblastoma Patients
A study from Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Cancer Center researchers—the first to examine the effects of combined radiation and chemotherapy on the healthy brain tissue of glioblastoma patients—revealed not only specific structural changes within patients’ brains, but also...
Preclinical Study Shows MRI and Chemical Contrast Solution Combination Can Detect Breast Cancer Micrometastases
Researchers have shown that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can detect the earliest signs of breast cancer recurrence and fast-growing tumors through detecting micrometastases, breakaway tumor cells with the potential to develop into dangerous secondary breast cancer tumors elsewhere in the body....
Higher Coffee Intake Associated With Significantly Reduced Cancer Recurrence and Increased Survival in Patients With Late-Stage Colon Cancer
A large observational study investigating the effect of coffee consumption on advanced-stage colon cancer and survival has found that patients who drank four or more cups of coffee a day were 42% less likely to experience a recurrence than non-coffee drinkers and were 33% less likely to die from...
Most Stage-Specific Survival Improvement in Women With Breast Cancer Under Age 70 Is Not Explained by Tumor Size or Estrogen Receptor Status
In an analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Park et al found that most of the improvement in breast cancer–specific mortality observed over time in the United States is not explained by tumor size or estrogen receptor status in women aged < 70 years, suggesting a major...
POLE-Mutant and Microsatellite-Unstable Endometrial Tumors May Be Candidates for Anti–PD-1 Treatment
In a study reported in JAMA Oncology, Howitt et al found that polymerase e (POLE)-mutant and microsatellite-unstable endometrial tumors may be candidates for anti–PD-1 (programmed cell death protein 1) immunotherapy. Study Details In the study, neoantigen load was predicted on the basis of...
Adding Oxaliplatin to Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy and Postoperative Chemotherapy Improves Disease-Free Survival in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer
Final results of the German phase III CAO/ARO/AIO-04 trial reported in The Lancet Oncology by Rödel et al showed that adding oxaliplatin to fluorouracil (5-FU)–based neoadjuvant chemoradiation and postoperative chemotherapy improved disease-free survival in patients with locally advanced ...
Malaria-Causing Parasite May Contribute to Development of Burkitt Lymphoma
In an equatorial African region known as the “lymphoma belt,” children are ten times more likely than in other parts of the world to develop Burkitt lymphoma. This area is also plagued by high rates of malaria, and scientists have spent the past 50 years trying to understand how the two ...
Combining Interleukin-2 With Imiquimod and Topical Retinoid Therapy May Be Effective Against Cutaneous Metastatic Melanoma
A novel combination therapy appears to be effective in treating patients with melanoma skin metastases, according to new research from the University of California (UC) Davis. Led by Emanual Maverakis, MD, of the UC Davis Department of Dermatology, the research found that interleukin-2...
Identification of Risk Factors for Melanoma in Survivors of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Risk for melanoma has been found to be increased in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) survivors. In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Lam et al found that T-cell–activating autoimmune diseases and fludarabine use were associated with an increased melanoma risk among patients with ...
Researchers Identify Nerve-Guiding Protein That May Be Associated With Pancreatic Cancer Metastasis
Scientists at the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center have identified a molecular partnership in pancreatic cancer cells that might help to explain how the disease metastasizes in some cases. Their findings reveal urgently needed new targets to treat pancreatic cancer and were published by Foley et...
Patients With Breast Cancer Over Age 80 Less Likely to Benefit From Chemotherapy Alone Than Younger Patients
Chemotherapy prolongs life for older adults with most types of cancer, but for women with breast cancer over age 80, the chances of survival with chemotherapy alone are significantly lower than in younger patients, according to a study led by researchers from the University of Texas...
International Myeloma Working Group Defines Revised International Staging System for Multiple Myeloma
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Palumbo et al, the International Myeloma Working Group recommends the use of a revised international staging system (R-ISS) for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma that incorporates chromosomal abnormalities detected by interphase fluorescent in situ...
Reduced Short-Term Effects With Hypofractionated Whole-Breast Irradiation After Breast-Conserving Surgery
In a randomized trial reported in JAMA Oncology, Shaitelman et al found that hypofractionated whole-breast irradiation resulted in reduced short-term effects compared with conventional fractionation in women with stage 0 to II breast cancer undergoing breast-conserving surgery. Study Details In...
French Phase II Trial Suggests No Benefit of Adding Bevacizumab to Paclitaxel in Advanced Angiosarcoma
In a French phase II trial reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Ray-Coquard et al found no apparent benefit of paclitaxel plus bevacizumab (Avastin) compared with weekly paclitaxel in patients with inoperable locally advanced or metastatic angiosarcoma. Study Details In this...
Susceptibility Gene Identified for Familial Nonmedullary Thyroid Cancer
As reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Gara et al identified a germline HABP2 mutation as a susceptibility gene for familial nonmedullary thyroid cancer. Identification of HABP2 Variant In a kindred study, whole-exome sequencing was performed using peripheral blood DNA from affected...
Medullablastomas Can Be Classified Noninvasively at Diagnosis
Medulloblastoma, the most commonly occurring malignant brain tumor in children, can be classified into four subgroups, each with a different risk profile requiring subgroup-specific therapy. Currently, subgroup determination is done after surgical removal of the tumor. Investigators at...
Investigational Topical Gel Is Safe and Effective in Patients With Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma, Phase I Trial Shows
Results of a phase I trial show that an investigational topical drug, resiquimod gel, causes regression of both treated and untreated tumor lesions and may completely remove cancerous cells from both sites in patients with early-stage cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Currently, there is no cure for...
Oral Contraceptives May Offer Long-Term Protection From Endometrial Cancer
In an individual-patient meta-analysis reported in The Lancet Oncology, the Collaborative Group on Epidemiological Studies on Endometrial Cancer found that oral contraceptive use was associated with long-term protection from endometrial cancer. Reduction in risk was greater for carcinomas than...
Annual Incidence of Melanoma Projected to Increase Markedly by 2030
As reported in Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report by Guy et al, data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) indicate that there were an estimated 65,647 new cases of invasive melanoma in the United States in 2011. In the absence of intervention, the annual incidence is...
Long-Term Survival in Ovarian Cancer May Be Better Than Expected in Some Patients
Combing data collected on thousands of California patients with ovarian cancer, University of California Davis researchers have determined that almost one-third of patients survived at least 10 years after diagnosis. The findings upend the notion that women diagnosed with cancer of the ovaries...
Key Genetic Factor in Cell Proliferation in Moles Identified
Scientists have known for years that a mutation in the BRAF gene makes moles start to grow but until now have not understood why they sometimes do not become cancerous. Researchers from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania have identified a major genetic factor that...
Study Finds Increased Short-Term Risk for Cardiovascular Disease Mortality After Chemotherapy for Testicular Nonseminoma
In a population-based study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Fung et al found a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular disease mortality during the first year after chemotherapy for testicular nonseminoma. No increased risk of cardiovascular disease mortality after surgery was...
Addition of Docetaxel to Androgen-Deprivation Therapy Improves Survival in Metastatic Prostate Cancer
In the phase III E3805 trial reported in The New England Journal of Medicine, Sweeney et al found that chemohormonal therapy with docetaxel plus androgen-deprivation therapy produced a significant 13.6-month increase in median overall survival vs androgen-deprivation therapy alone in men with...
Packaging Paclitaxel in Nanoparticles May Increase Drug Efficacy in Preclinical Models
Duke University researchers found that packaging the widely used cancer drug paclitaxel into nanoparticles more than doubled the drug’s effectiveness in destroying tumors in preclinical models. Their findings were published by Bhattacharyya et al in Nature Communications. Paclitaxel has been ...
Delay in Treatment, Missed Diagnostic Testing Found Among Patients With Lung Cancer
Patients undergoing surgery for lung cancer may wait too long to receive treatment, and too many patients skip vital diagnostic steps that are needed to help determine the best possible treatment, according to findings published by Faris et al in The Annals of Thoracic Surgery. The 5-year relative ...
Clinical Scoring System May Help Identify Appropriate Colorectal Cancer Screening Methods
Researchers investigating a risk index for colorectal cancer and advanced precancerous polyps among average-risk people have found that patients classified as low risk had fewer advanced adenomas than patients classified as high risk. Their findings suggest that those at low risk for colorectal...
Study Identifies Genetic Mutations That Predict Response to Chemotherapy in Bladder Cancer
Although cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy before cystectomy is the standard of care for muscle-invasive bladder cancer, only between 25% and 50% of patients achieve a pathologic response. A study investigating biomarkers that can predict response to chemotherapy in patients with...
Sequencing Studies Show High Frequency of Actionable MET Mutations in Pulmonary Sarcomatoid Carcinoma
In a study reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Liu et al, next-generation sequencing revealed a high frequency of actionable MET mutations in patients with pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma. Study Details In the study, whole-exome sequencing was used in a discovery set of 10 patients...
ASCO Statement: Improving the Evidence Base for Treating Older Adults With Cancer
Older persons are the fastest growing segment of the U.S. population and account for the majority of cancer diagnoses and deaths and the majority of cancer survivors. However, since this population is underrepresented in clinical trials, the evidence base for treating older patients is poor. As...
17-Year Follow-up Indicates Early but Not Overall Reduction in Breast Cancer Mortality With Annual Mammography Screening at Age 40-49 Years
The 17-year follow-up in the UK Age trial, reported in The Lancet Oncology by Moss et al, indicated a reduction in breast cancer mortality during the first 10 years after diagnosis but not thereafter among women invited for annual mammography screening from age 40 to 49 years compared with...
Birinapant in Combination With Carboplatin May Be Effective Against Serous Ovarian Cancer
High-grade serous ovarian cancer often responds well to the chemotherapy drug carboplatin, but it frequently recurs after the first line of treatment. A team of University of California, Los Angeles, researchers has discovered that a subset of tumor cells that don’t produce the protein CA125, ...
Proteins Found in Urine May Serve as Biomarker for Early-Stage Pancreatic Cancer
A team of researchers at Barts Cancer Institute–Queen Mary University of London has discovered a combination of three proteins found at high levels in urine that can accurately detect early-stage pancreatic cancer. The discovery could lead to a noninvasive, inexpensive test to...
Biomarker Signature May Predict Aggressive Disease in African American Men With Prostate Cancer
In a study reported in Journal of Clinical Oncology, Yamoah et al identified a biomarker signature that may predict aggressive disease in African American men with prostate cancer. Study Details In the study, distribution of mRNA expression levels of 20 biomarkers associated with prostate cancer...
Involved-Field Radiotherapy May Be Best Option for Stage IA Nodular Lymphocyte-Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma
As reported by Eichenauer and colleagues in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, an analysis of long-term outcomes suggests that involved-field radiotherapy may be the best treatment option in patients with stage IA nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma. Study Details The study involved...
ASCO Clinical Practice Guideline: Use of Biomarkers to Guide Decisions on Systemic Therapy for Women With Metastatic Breast Cancer
As reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology by Van Poznak et al, ASCO has issued a clinical practice guideline on the use of biomarkers to guide decisions on systemic therapy in women with metastatic breast cancer. The statement is based on an ASCO expert panel assessment of systematic reviews, ...
Researchers Identify Marker for Basal-Like Breast Cancer
A new way to detect—and perhaps treat—one of the deadliest types of breast cancer may have been found. Led by researchers at Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM), the study was published by Papageorgis et al in Breast Cancer Research. A subset of the triple-negative breast...
Long Telomere Length Associated With Increased Lung Cancer Risk
A large-scale genetic study of the links between telomere length and risk for five common cancers found that long telomeres are associated with an increased risk of lung adenocarcinoma. No significant associations between telomere length and other cancer types or subtypes were observed. The study,...
Benefit of Adjuvant Letrozole vs Tamoxifen Is Greater in Lobular Than in Ductal Breast Cancer
In a BIG 1-98 trial analysis reported in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, Metzger Filho et al found that the benefit of adjuvant letrozole vs tamoxifen was greater in patients with lobular than ductal breast carcinoma. Study Details In the BIG 1-98 trial, postmenopausal women with hormone...
